Test

In which way did Johnson most significantly depart from the policies of prior presidents?

(A) He used U.S. troops in a combat role in Vietnam

The issue of freedom of the seas in World War I most closely resembles the cause of which of the following conflicts?

(A) War of 1812

The Jungle most directly contributed to which of the following?

(B) A federal inspection system to ensure minimum standards for processed meats and food

Which of the following does this excerpt support as the primary cause of the U.S. declaration of war in April 1917?

(B) Germany's violations of U.S. neutral rights

Which of the following best characterizes the position of the president's antiwar critics?

(B) The conflict was primarily a civil war between factions in Vietnam

Levittown is most closely associated with which of the following?

(B) The mass production of affordable suburban housing

Which of the following most directly contributed to the anti-imperialist sentiments expressed in the excerpt?

(B) The provisions of the peace treaty ending the Spanish-American War

Which of the following trends of the 1920s is most clearly portrayed in this advertisement?

(B) The use of extended payment plans to purchase consumer goods

Which of the following groups faced the most difficult economic conditions during the 1920s?

(C) Farmers and many rural areas

The above excerpt is most closely associated with which sector of the Progressive movement?

(C) Investigative journalists and authors known as "muckrakers"

Which of the following most effectively addressed the concerns that Upton Sinclair and others had for industrial workers?

(C) Legislation passed during the Wilson presidency to legalize the organization of labor unions

Which of the following best explains the dramatic increase in personal ownership of homes after World War II?

(C) Mortgages were at low rates, government-insured, and tax deductible

When the Zimmermann message was made public, most people in the United States

(C) expressed nationalist anger against Germany

The foreign policy position for Vietnam explained in the excerpt is most directly based on

(C) the belief in the domino theory

Many historians criticize the economy that developed during the 1920s. Which of the following statements best supports that point of view?

(D) The boom was based on speculation and borrowed money

With which of the following would supporters of this excerpt most likely agree?

A) the peoples of Asia had a right to govern themselves without outside interference

Which of the following represents a policy that the authors of the excerpt would most likely support?

D) President Wilson's signing of the Jones act in 1916

"When the New Deal was over, capitalism remained intact. The rich still controlled the nation's wealth, as well as its laws, courts, police, newspaper, churches, colleges. Enough help had been given to enough people to make Roosevelt a hero to millions, but the same system that had brought depression and crisis-the system of waste, of inequality, of concern for profit over human need-remained." -Howard Zinn, historian, A People's History of the United States, 1999 "Most of Roosevelt's solutions did little. The public hoopla of 'job programs' barely dented unemployment numbers, which still stood at 12.5 percent in 1939, or ten times what they had been under Coolidge .... Did FDR do anything right? Yes. By taking the United States off the gold standard, he saved what was left of the banking system. But as they say, even a blind squirrel finds a nut once in a while." -Larry Schweikart, historian, 48 Liberal Lies about American History, 2008 4. Using the excerpts, answer a, b, and c. a) Briefly explain ONE development during the New Deal era not mentioned in the excerpts that supports Zinn's point of view. b) Briefly explain ONE development during the New Deal era not mentioned in the excerpts that supports Scheikart's point of view. c) Briefly explain ONE additional development that supports the position that the New Deal produced a "limited welfare state."

a) In support of Zinn's point of view, the New Deal regulations of the banks and the stock market did not change the ownership or the basic functions of financial institutions and corporations. FDR himself argued that the New Deal saved capitalism from itself by trying to regulate of some its worst practices, such as insider trading, speculation with borrowed money, and fraud in corporate financial reporting. The New Deal also failed to directly address discrimination against minorities, such as African Americans and Mexican Americans. b) In support of Scheikart's point of view, the New Deal farm programs did not solve the gradual disappearance of the family farm and decline of rural areas. The programs to restart American industry and to get consumer demand back to 1929 levels did not happen until the buildup of the U.S. armed services in preparation for World War II in 1940 and 1941. c) Most historians agree that the New Deal was a departure from earlier reform movements and produced a "limited welfare state" by creating a "safety net" for the workers (minimum wage), the unemployed (unemployment insurance, federally funded jobs programs), the disabled and elderly, (Social Security), and housing (guaranteed home loans). While it did not end poverty and unemployment, it cushioned some of the worst suffering related to the business cycle and conditions produced by industrialization and urbanization.

2. Using the photo, answer a, b, and c. a) Briefly analyze ONE effect of television on society during the 1950s. b) Briefly explain ONE criticism of television during the 1950s. c) Briefly explain the primary role of women during the 1950s.

a) With one TV set for every 3.3 Americans and viewers who averaged five or more hours a day, television came to be the dominant source of entertainment and information of most Americans by 1960. Television programming was dominated by three large nationwide networks, which contributed to the growing homogeneity of American culture. b) Commercial television was criticized in the 1950s for creating mindless quiz shows, comedies, and variety shows of low quality. Later the FCC chairman, Newton Minnow, criticized television as a "vast wasteland," with little or no educational or cultural value, especially for children. c) The primary roles of women during the 1950s were the traditional roles of wife, mother, and homemaker. The bestselling book, Baby and Child Care, by Dr. Spock became the most popular book for women in the 1950s. After raising a family, some women wished to return to the workforce, but they were held back in low wage, less challenging jobs, and the common male prejudices of the times.