Test Tommorow

Prior to 1880, the number of immigrants to the united States was not restricted mainly because

1880, industry owners wanted cheap labor

Speaker A: "When demand ran high, and markets were scarce, he showed little mercy, broke his contracts for delivery and raised prices." Speaker B: "The man of wealth must hold his fortune 'in trust' for the community and use it for philanthropic and charitable purposes." Speaker C: "It is cruel to slander the rich because they have been successful. They have gone into great enterprises that have enriched the nation and the nation has enriched them." Speaker D: "The fruits of the toil of millions are boldly stolen to build up colossal fortunes for the few, unprecedented in the history of mankind." Which two speakers would most likely label late 19th-century industrialists as robber barons?

A and D

The term business monopoly can be best described best as

A company that controls or dominates an industry

One factor that furthered industrialization in the US between 1865 and 1900 was the

Expansion of the railroads

Mark Twain labeled the late 1800s in the US the"Gilded Age" to describe the

Extremes of wealth and poverty

Which development was most likely the cause of other three?

Growth of Industrialization

In the late 1800s, the creation of the Standard Oil Trust by John D. Rockefeller was intended to

control prices and practices in the oil refining business

Which 19th-century business practice does this cartoon illustrate?

creating monopolies

During the late 1800s, business leaders formed trusts mainly to

eliminate competition

The corporation became a popular form of business organization during the post- Civil War period because it

made it possible for business concerns to raise more capital

Collective bargaining, mediation, and arbitration are best described as

methods used to resolve labor-management disputes

One effect of monopolies on the US economy is that they have tended to

reduce business competition

". . . This, then, is held to be the duty of the man of Wealth: First, to set an example of modest, unostentatious living, shunning display or extravagance; to provide moderately for the legitimate wants of those dependent upon him; and after doing so to consider all surplus revenues which come to him simply as trust funds, which he is called upon to administer, and strictly bound as a matter of duty to administer in the manner which, in his judgment, is best calculated to produce the most beneficial results for the community— . . ." — Andrew Carnegie, "Wealth," North American Review, June 1889 According to this passage, the responsibility of the wealthy is to

share their excess wealth with the community

The term robber baron was used to ctiticize the

tactics of big-business leaders

"Manufacturing has positive benefits to offer society and therefore should be encouraged by government." The author of this statement would most likely be an advocate of

tariffs to protect US industry

A significant contribution to the industrialization of the United States was Henry Ford's development of

the assembly line

During the late 1800s, industrialization in the United States led to

the growth of the middle class

One reason John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, and J. Pierpont Morgan were sometimes called robber barons was because they

used ruthless business tactics against their competitors

Which two philosophies dominated the thinking of most political and business leaders during the late 19th century in the United States?

which, social Darwinism and laissez-faire

Which factor was most critical to the building of the transcontinental railroad after the Civil War?

Land and money provided by the Federal Government

Which factor most limited the growth of labor unions during the late 1800's?

Most employers were very hostile toward worker's efforts to organize

"Crouched over the coal chutes, the boys sit hour after hour, picking on the pieces of slate...I once...tried to do the work a twelve-year-old boy was doing day after day, for ten hours at a stretch,for sixty cents a day. The gloom appalled me..." - John Spargo

Northeast during the Age of Industrialization

The principal reason congress raises tariff rates in the 1800s was to

Protects united states businesses from foreign competitors

Which development led to other three?

Shift from a rural to an urban lifestyle

The term "robber barons" is used to describe many industrialists of the late 19th century mainly because they

Sought to maximize their profits by eliminating competition and exploiting workers.

From 1865 to 1900, how did the growth of industry affect American society?

The percentage of Americans living in urban areas increased.

Which statement best describes the role of railroads in the industrialization of the US?

They provided an efficient means of transportation during the Age of Big Business

Businesses formed trusts and monopolies during the late 19th century mainly to

businesses, eliminate competition