Texas EMT Chapter 16

Major risk factors for AMI include all of the following, EXCEPT:

hypoglycemia.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the sympathetic nervous system?

Constriction of blood vessels in the muscles

A 40-year-old man is in cardiac arrest. Your partner is performing CPR. You are attaching the AED when the patient's wife tells you that he has an automatic implanted cardiac defibrillator (AICD). The AED advises that a shock is indicated. What should you do?

Deliver the shock followed by immediate resumption of CPR.

What is the function of the left atrium?

It receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.

Which of the following statements regarding nitroglycerin is correct?

Nitroglycerin usually relieves anginal chest pain within 5 minutes.

Which of the following statements regarding the AED and defibrillation is correct?

The AED will not analyze the rhythm of a moving patient.

The MOST common reason that many people experiencing AMI do not seek immediate medical attention is because they:

are in denial.

The inferior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart from all of the following areas, EXCEPT the:

brain.

You and your EMT partner are the first to arrive at the scene of an unresponsive 70-year-old man. Your assessment reveals that he is apneic and pulseless. A paramedic unit is en route to the scene and will arrive in approximately 5 minutes. You should:

begin CPR, apply the AED, and deliver a shock if it is indicated.

You are dispatched to a residence for a 56-year-old male with an altered mental status. Upon arrival at the scene, the patient's wife tells you that he complained of chest pain the day before, but would not allow her to call EMS. The patient is semiconscious; has rapid, shallow respirations; and has a thready pulse. You should:

begin ventilatory assistance.

The head and brain receive their supply of oxygenated blood from the:

carotid arteries.

Ischemic heart disease is defined as:

decreased blood flow to one or more portions of the myocardium.

Nitroglycerin relieves cardiac-related chest pain by:

dilating the coronary arteries and improving cardiac blood flow.

The MOST common error associated with the use of the AED is:

failure of the EMT to ensure the battery is charged.

You are dispatched to a convenience store for a patient who passed out. Upon arriving at the scene, you find two off-duty EMTs performing CPR on the patient, a 58-year-old male. Your initial action should be to:

feel for a pulse while compressions are ongoing.

Blood that is ejected from the right ventricle:

flows into the pulmonary arteries.

Common side effects of nitroglycerin include all of the following, EXCEPT:

hypertension.

Common signs and symptoms of AMI include all of the following, EXCEPT:

pain exacerbated by breathing.

A 67-year-old female presents with difficulty breathing and chest discomfort that awakened her from her sleep. She states that she has congestive heart failure, has had two previous heart attacks, and has been prescribed nitroglycerin. She is conscious and alert with adequate breathing. Her blood pressure is 94/64 mm Hg and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. Treatment for this patient includes:

placing her in an upright position.

After assisting your patient with prescribed nitroglycerin, you should:

reassess his or her blood pressure within 5 minutes to detect hypotension.

The AED has delivered a shock to an elderly male in cardiac arrest. Following 2 minutes of CPR, you re-analyze the patient's cardiac rhythm and receive a "no shock advised" message. After further resuscitation, you restore a palpable carotid pulse. Your next action should be to:

reassess airway and breathing and treat accordingly.

You are assessing a 49-year-old man who complains of chest pressure that began the night before. He is conscious, but anxious, and tells you he has a history of angina and hypertension. After applying high- flow oxygen, you expose his chest to auscultate his lungs and note that he has a nitroglycerin patch on his right upper chest. His skin is cool and pale, his blood pressure is 78/50 mm Hg, and his pulse is 110 beats/min and irregular. You should:

remove the nitroglycerin patch, place him in a supine position and elevate his lower extremities, and prepare for immediate transport.

During your treatment of a woman in cardiac arrest, you apply the AED, analyze her cardiac rhythm, and receive a "no shock advised" message. This indicates that:

she is not in ventricular fibrillation.

In contrast to the sympathetic nervous system, the parasympathetic nervous system:

slows the heart and respiratory rates.

The purpose of defibrillation is to:

stop the chaotic, disorganized contraction of the cardiac cells.

When treating a patient with chest pain, you should assume that he or she is having an AMI because:

the cause of the pain cannot be diagnosed in the field.

Cardiac output may decrease if the heart beats too rapidly because:

there is not enough time in between contractions for the heart to refill completely.

Most patients are instructed by their physician to take up to _______________ doses of nitroglycerin before calling EMS.

three

The descending aorta divides into the two iliac arteries at the level of the:

umbilicus.

Sudden death following AMI is MOST often caused by:

ventricular fibrillation.