The Core Module 5 Chap 10

How many of the animal phyla include single-celled animals?

0

sentence blanks

1. aphibians 2. tetrapod 3. reptiles 4. endotherm; ecottherm 5. amniotic egg

sentence blanks 1-6

1. lancelet 2. chordate 3. vertebrate 4. endoskeleton 5. invertebrate 6. notochords

Most animals fall into one of how many phyla?

9

ABC News

A Africa B 4% C bone fragments D the middle east E gene flow

What do sharks have in common with goldfish?

A lateral line system

MP3 session

A- If you traced the ancestry of humans and apes, you would at some point arrive at a shared ancestor that was neither a modern ape nor a human. B- 5 million years C- bipedalism, as indicated by skeletal structure D- bipedalism, moderate brain size, and tool use E- is relatively recent. For most of hominid history there were multiple coexisting hominid species.

Part A-H

A- Transitional fossils have features that are intermediate between ancestors and descendants. B- select all EXCEPT 'A FISH' C- select all except ' fossil evidence shows there have always been four-limbed animals on earth d.- all except 'it is just a matter of time....' e.- They hypothesized that the transitional fossils were in sedimentary rocks older than 365 million years ago, when the first tetrapods appear in the fossil record. f. Tiktaalik lived in a warm, freshwater swamp. g. - flat head with eyes on top interlocking ribs a neck h-The transition occurred gradually over time, so there are many intermediate forms.

stupid video questions

A- domain Eukarya, kingdom Animalia B- the sea star C- gymnosperms D- protists E- arthropods

Part A-G

A- select all but 'wings supported...' B- the small theropod dinosaur Deinonychus, which had a large sickle-shaped claw on each of its hind limbs C- select all but these two: ~like theropod dinasours... ~all birds and theropods could fly D-it provided evidence that dinosaurs raised and cared for their young in colonies like many birds E-some feathered theropods were not capable of flight F- feathers may have originally evolved for insulation -Feathers may have originally evolved for interspecies communication and display. G-the discovery provided evidence that species descend with modification from other species

VIdeo ques

A. all but grasping hands B.The second skull represented a species more closely related to modern humans than the first skull's species. C.Analysis of modern human and modern chimpanzee protein and DNA sequences suggests that their lineages diverged about 7 million years ago. D.a much shorter hip bone that is broader from front to back and wraps around the side E.by using radiometric dating techniques on the volcanic deposits found above and below the layer containing Ardi F.Ardi lived in a woodland habitat G. All but 'Once...."

On which continent would you have seen the very earliest members of Homo sapiens?

Africa

Which of the following is not a primate?

All are primates

Although exceptions do exist, which is a distinctively amphibian trait?

All of these

What is the main difference between amphibians and reptiles?

Amphibians are tied to water for reproduction, while reptiles have amniotic eggs that can survive on dry land.

Serial repetition of segments is a defining characteristic of which worm phylum?

Annelids

To which group do orangutans belong?

Anthropoid apes

What defines radial symmetry?

Any plane of symmetry passing through the center of the organism splits it into equal halves.

Which arthropod subgroup includes the spiders?

Arachnids

Which of the following is human's closest living relative?

Chimpanzees

Humans belong to which subgroup of mammals?

Eutherians

Humans evolved from chimpanzees. See Section 10.11 ( page 246) .

False

Which one of the following is a defining characteristic of animals but not of plants?

Heterotrophic

The earliest hominin to use fire was __________. See Section 10.11 ( page 246) .

Homo erectus

What characterizes terrestrial tetrapods?

Lives on land, has four limbs

Which subgroup of mammals raises their young in pouches?

Marsupials

Which body form of the cnidarians is sessile?

Polyp

What is the function of a fish's operculum?

Protects the gills

Which of the following phyla is the most diverse and numerous?

The arthropods

Many, though not all, mollusks have a shell. What secretes the shell?

The mantle

Compared to mammals and reptiles, what characteristic prevents amphibians from surviving far from water?

Their eggs do not have an amnion which prevents them from drying out.

What happened during the Cambrian explosion?

There was a rapid diversification of animal forms.

Which of the following best describes sponges?

They are asymmetrical, lack tissues, and do not move.

Which of the following best describes mollusks?

They are bilaterally symmetrical and have a soft body sometimes covered with a shell.

Which of the following best describes cnidarians?

They have radial body symmetry, tissues, and stinging cells.

All animals are multicellular, heterotrophic eukaryotes. See Section 10.1 ( page 226) .

True

Birds are a type of reptile.

True

Echinoderms use seawater instead of blood in their circulatory systems. See Section 10.4 ( page 232) .

True

Roundworms are more closely related to arthropods than to flatworms.

True

How do bony fish regulate buoyancy?

With an air-filled swim bladder

If you traveled back in time and met a living hominin, which clues might tell you that your new friend was in the genus Australopithecus and not Homo?

You had traveled 3.5 million years into the past.

diagram of an arthropod

a. sensory organ b. exoskeleton c. jointed appendage d. abdomen e. thorax f. head

Each Clade

a. yes b. no c.yes d. no e.yes f.no g.yes h. yes i. yes

Which of the following features are used to identify chordates?

all of the above

This character is found in all arthropods. See Section 10.5 ( page 234) .

an exoskeleton made of chiton

Flatworms are most closely related to the ________.

annelids

1. One key adaptation of animals was the evolution of a(n) ______________ a fluid-filled gap between the outer wall of the body and the outer wall of the digestive system. 2. All animals are _____________, organisms with cells that are relatively large, complex, and contain membrane-enclosed organelles such as the nucleus. 3. All animals eat other organisms in order to gain building materials for the body. This makes them _____________, since they obtain necessary energy and chemical building blocks from the environment. 4. Cnidarians are the only animal phylum to display _______________ meaning that their bodies can be divided any way through the center point to yield two even halves.All other adult animals display________________, meaning that their bodies can only be sliced lengthwise through the midline to produce two even halves. 5. All animals except sponges have ____________, groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function.

body cavity eukaryotes heterotrophs radial symmetry; bilateral symmetry tissues

The echinoderms are most closely related to the ________.

chordates

The first animals evolved from ________.

colonies of protists

A newly-recognized species called an "olinguito" was first announced to the public in 2013. The olinguito is found in high Andean forests, has reddish-orange fur, and is active mostly at night. Females give birth to one baby at a time. Olinguito young are born as full size embryos. The new species appears to be the smallest member of the raccoon family. This newly recognized species is a(n) __________. See Section 10.10 ( page 244) .

eutherian

All three of the worm phyla are characterized by segmented bodies. See Section 10.3 ( page 230) .

false

The radial symmetry of adult echinoderms could best be described as ________.

fivefold symmetrical

All mammals ________.

have mammary glands

Which arthropod subgroup includes those with six legs?

insects

characteristics to bin

invertebrae chordates: lancelet cartilaginous fishes: stingray bony fishes: external gills.... trout amphibians: poison cane toad a mix of terrest and aquatic reptiles parakeets boa constrictor a hard shelled egg... mammals hair and mammary glands kanagaroo

Which group of fishes evolved first?

jawless fishes

Which is most closely related to the hagfish?

lamprey

Which group of fishes gave rise to amphibians? See Section 10.8 ( page 240) .

lobe-finned fishes

Which group of fishes gave rise to the amphibians?

lobe-finned fishes

Some restaurants serve seafood platters that contain oysters, mussels, and clams. Such platters therefore consist of ________.

mollusks

Sponges are found ________.

mostly in seawater

What do sponges and cnidarians have in common?

none of the above

Being a heterotroph means ________.

obtaining your food by eating other organisms

The radial symmetry of adult echinoderms could best be described as ________.

pentaradial

Which phylum is most closely related to the arthropods?

roundworms

All vertebrates have ________.

skull and backbone

Which chordate trait evolved first?

skull and backbone

Gastropods are the most numerous group of mollusks and include the ________.

snails and slugs

characteristics

sponges: no body symetry, central cavity cnidarians: radial symmetry, gastrovascular cavity jelly (jellyfish) Molluks: Giant clam Echinoderms: Sea star water vascular system, internal skeleton, and spiny body surface flat worms: tape worm arthropods: fruit fly body segments and hard exoskeleton chordates: contain tail, nerve cord, notochord, and pharyngeal slits Homosapiens

animal phylum example/characteristics

sponges: no body symmetry, central cavity cnidarians: jelly, radial symmetry... mollusks: giant clam echinoderms: sea star water vasucal system flatworms: tapeworms arthropods: fruit fly body segments and hard exoskeleton chordates: homo sapien conatin tail, nerve cord....

These specialized structures are unique to the cnidarians. See Section 10.2 ( page 228) .

stinging cells

The animal phyla can be divided into three separate clades based on what character? See Section 10.1 ( page 226) .

the symmetry of the body

Worms all appear to be closely related but have distinct evolutionary histories, resulting in the classification of worms into ________ phyla.

three

Amphibians must lay their eggs in water. See Section 10.9 ( page 242) .

true

Echinoderms use seawater instead of blood in their circulatory systems. See Section 10.6 ( page 236) .

true

Mammals belong to the same phylum as lancelets. See Section 10.7 ( page 238) .

true

Reptiles were able to adapt to a variety of land habitats because of the evolution of waterproof eggs in the group. See Section 10.9 ( page 242) .

true

Most chordates are ________.

vertebrates