the language of medicine chapter 9 study

what produces testosterone?

Testosterone is produced by the gonads (by the Leydig cells in testes in men and by the ovaries in women), although small quantities are also produced by the adrenal glands in both sexes. It is an androgen, meaning that it stimulates the development of male characteristics.

seminiferous tubules

narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes. These tubules contain cells that manufacture spermatozoa.

prepuce

also foreskin fold of the skin covering the tip of the penis

an androgen

andr/o means male. testosterone is an androgen. The testes in makes and adrenal glands in both men and women produce androgens.

syphilis

chronic STI caused by spirochete -spiral shaped bacterium. chronic STD caused by a spirochete

hypospadias

congenital abnormality in which the male urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis, instead of its tip. Hypospadias -spadias means the condition of tearing or cutting occurs in 1 in every 300 live male births and can be corrected surgically.

crygenic surgery

cry/o cold freeze technique for prostate cancer treatment using freezing temperatures to destroy cancer cells. use of extremely cold temperatures to freeze or destroy tissue.

Male gonad

testis or testes that produces spermatozoa and the hormone testosterone

seminoma

the seminoma is the most common tumor, arises from embryonic cells in the testes carcinoma of the testes ( testicular cancer ) malignant tumor of the testicles.

vasectomy

vas/o vessel duct or vas deferens bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vas deferens. a urologist cuts the vas deferens, removes a piece, and performs ligation tying and binding off of the free ends with sutures this is repeated on the opposite side. The procedure is performed using local anesthesia and through and incision in the scrotal sac. sterile but not castrated.

benign prostatic hyperplasia

BPH benign growth of cells within the prostate gland. BPH is a common condition in men older than 60 years of age. Urinary obstruction ad inability to empty the bladder completely are symptoms. Surgical treatment by transurethral resection of the prostate ( TURP ) relives the obstruction, but overgrowth of cells inserted into the penis and through the urethra and endoscope is inserted into the penis and through the urethra.

balanitis

Balanitis largely occurs in uncircumcised males. Common symptoms include a tightened foreskin, discharge, and itchy genitals. An inflammation usually caused by overgrowth of organisms ( bacteria and yeast )

bilateral orchilectomy

The removal of both testicles (bilateral orchiectomy) is the surgical form of castration. There are three main types of orchiectomy: simple, subcapsular, and inguinal. The first two types are usually done under local or epidural anesthesia, and take about 30 minutes to perform. castration in males.

prostate gland

exocrine gland at the base of the male urinary bladder. The prostate secretes fluid that contributes to semen during ejaculation

flagellum

hair like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile ( able to move )

cryptorchidism

in this congenital condition, one or both testicales do not descend, by the time of birth, into the scortal sac from the abdominal cavity crypt/o hidden. Undescended testicles orchiopexy is performed to bring the tested into the scrotum, if they do not descend on their own by age 1 or 2 years. Undescended testicles are associated with high risk for sterility and increased risk of developing testicular cancer.

what is testosterone responsible for producing in a male.

it produces male characteristics such as beard, pubic hair and deeper voice and for the proper development of male gonads aka testes and accessory organs prostate gland and seminal vesicles that secrete fluids to ensure the lubrication and viability of sperm.

vas de ferens

narrow tube ( one on each side ) carrying sperm from the epididymis toward the urethra. Also called ductus deferens. coiled tube is about 16 feet long.

orchiopexy

pexy- is fixation, put in place. surgical fixation of an undescended testis in the scrotum, correct cryptorchidism

oligospermia

scanty less than the normal of sperm in semen sperm count. is a male fertility issue defined as a low sperm concentration in the ejaculate. Low sperm concentration or "sperm count" is the number of sperm in a presc of ejaculate (typically milliliters or mL)