The Legal Environment of Business Ch 19-25

False

Tying agreement True/False

Civil law systems.

Which international legal systems use written law as their highest source of law? Multiple Choice Religious-based legal systems. Civil law systems. Common law systems. Mixed legal systems.

The Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act.

Which of the following acts establishes a national fraud alert system so that consumers have a timely way to guard themselves once they suspect an identity fraud has occurred? Multiple Choice The Truth in Lending Act. The Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act. The Consumer Leasing Act. The Magnuson-Moss Act.

Using the tune of a famous song as the background score for an advertisement.

Which of the following advertising strategies is likely to be considered legal and not deceptive? Multiple Choice Using a phrase such as "clearance priced" when the items are not discounted in price. Using a bait and switch technique to entice consumers to buy new products. Using the tune of a famous song as the background score for an advertisement. Misrepresenting the price of a competitor to increase sale of products.

Repayment plan.

Which of the following bankruptcy plans is limited to individuals who have a substantial debt, and it cannot be used to cover any business debt (even as a sole proprietor)? Multiple Choice Repayment plan. Liquidation process. Debtor in possession process. Reorganization plan.

The debtor terminates the business entity in a Chapter 7 case, whereas the debtor generally continues to operate the business in a Chapter 11 case.

Which of the following is a difference between a Chapter 7 and Chapter 11 bankruptcy case? Multiple Choice The debtor terminates the business entity in a Chapter 7 case, whereas the debtor generally continues to operate the business in a Chapter 11 case. The centerpiece of a Chapter 7 case is liquidation, whereas the centerpiece of a Chapter 11 case is a repayment plan. In a Chapter 7 case, an automatic stay provision can be triggered, whereas in a Chapter 11 case, the automatic stay provision cannot be triggered. The petition for a Chapter 7 case is filed either voluntarily or involuntarily, whereas the petition for a Chapter 11 case must be filed voluntarily.

The Act requires debtors to provide the bankruptcy trustee copies of recent tax returns or other income verification on a timely basis.

Which of the following is a provision of the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act (BAPCPA)? Multiple Choice The Act gives alimony and support obligations a lower priority compared to certain other creditors. The Act made it easier for debtors to seek protection under Chapter 7 of the Bankruptcy Code. The Act requires debtors to provide the bankruptcy trustee copies of recent tax returns or other income verification on a timely basis. The Act exempts from eligibility those applicants whose income is less than the median income for the applicants' state.

Market allocations

Which of the following is an example of horizontal restraints? Multiple Choice Territorial agreements Exclusive selling agreements Market allocations Tie-ins

Tying agreement

Which of the following is an example of vertical restraints? Multiple Choice Tying agreement Boycott Price-fixing Market allocation

suggestive trademark

"Already Gone" is a popular brand of kitchen disinfectant. The mark "Already Gone" best fits into the _____ category. Multiple Choice suggestive trademark descriptive trademark arbitrary trademark fanciful trademark

if original evidence is obtained illegally, all evidence that stems from that original evidence will be illegal and inadmissible.

"Fruit of the poisonous tree" is a legal metaphor, which implies that Multiple Choice evidence obtained illegally is admissible only if it establishes that a violent crime has been committed. the Constitution requires an impartial magistrate to issue a search or arrest warrant only if reasonable doubt has been established. if original evidence is obtained illegally, all evidence that stems from that original evidence will be illegal and inadmissible. the authorities generally do commit a Fourth Amendment violation when a government agent obtains evidence by virtue of seeing an object that is in his plain view.

guarantor

A _____ agrees to be responsible for a debt, but only if the debtor actually defaults. Multiple Choice guarantor surety warrantor sponsor

boycott

A _____ occurs when competing firms agree to a concerted refusal to deal with a third party (whether it be buying from or selling to the party). Multiple Choice boycott tie-in vertical restraint curfew

Ray's right to habitability has been violated.

According to the landlord-tenant agreement, Ray's monthly rent includes his electricity and water bills. Daniel, the landlord, failed to pay the bills for almost four months and, as a result, the supply of water and electricity has been stopped in Ray's apartment. Ray reminded his landlord to pay the bills several times. In this case, which of the following is true? Multiple Choice Ray's right to habitability has been violated. As a tenant, Ray can terminate the lease but will have a legal liability to Daniel. As a tenant, Ray can sue Daniel but cannot terminate the lease before it ends. Ray's right to possession has been violated.

Chapter 11

Alana has been running a steel manufacturing company for over 20 years. Recently, her business has been facing financial difficulties, and her creditors have been pressurizing her to terminate the entity and settle the debts. If she wants to continue running the business and seek temporary protection from creditors while she comes up with a plan to pay the creditors, she should file for protection under _____ of the Bankruptcy Code. Multiple Choice Chapter 7 Chapter 12 Chapter 11 Chapter 13

Arraignment

Alex has been charged with manslaughter and the charge is being reviewed by grand jurors. The grand jurors have determined that probable cause exists to hold Alex over for trial. Alex has been notified that he is held over for trial through an indictment. Which of the following steps will most likely occur immediately after the indictment? Multiple Choice Citation Sentencing Conviction Arraignment

False

An agreement between the government and a party that spells out detailed conditions and compliance measures that the party agrees to take in exchange for the government's not pursuing a court action is known as the rule of reason standard. True/False

against a debtor by three or more creditors with aggregate unsecured claims of at least $15,775.

An involuntary bankruptcy petition is filed Multiple Choice by a debtor who has suddenly lost his job and is unable to pay the loan. by a debtor whose annual income is less than $20,000. against a debtor by three or more creditors with aggregate unsecured claims of at least $15,775. against a debtor by one or more creditors whose aggregate secured claim is less than $25,000.

fee simple absolute

Andrew Keaton owns a piece of land covering 24 acres. He has unrestricted rights over the land, except for those restrictions imposed by law. His rights are valid for an unlimited period of time and the land can be inherited by his son or daughter. In other words, Andrew's rights over his land are best characterized as _____. Multiple Choice life estate defeasible leasehold fee tail fee simple absolute

False

Antitrust laws provide for government enforcement of antitrust statutes, but do not permit an aggrieved party to file a private enforcement action against an alleged antitrust violator. T/F

True

Antitrust statutes are designed to compensate parties injured through anticompetitive behavior, and to provide a significant deterrent to that type of behavior. True/False

True

Any time a seller has different manufacturing or operational costs that vary from buyer to buyer, no violation of antitrust laws occurs. T/F

True

Collusion among competitors to set artificially high prices—a practice known as price-fixing—is a clear example of an activity that is so blatantly anticompetitive that it is a per se violation of the Sherman Act. T/F

condemnation proceeding

Eminent domain is traditionally invoked using a(n) _____. Multiple Choice condemnation proceeding bundle of rights acquisition agreement sublease

comity.

France enacted a national law pertaining to the import and export requirements for certain types of wine. If the United States defers to the French law and honors its import and export requirements, it is exhibiting Multiple Choice convention. comity. sovereign immunity. protocol.

a Ponzi scheme

Gamma Consultants, a financial firm, promises its clients a 20 percent rate of return on their investments in just one month. However, instead of investing the clients' money, Gamma takes out a loan and pays the investors the returns promised. The high returns received by the investors encourage other investors to start investing large sums of money. This time, Gamma uses the deposits from the previous investors to pay the dividends. After a year or so, Gamma runs out of money and can no longer pay the investors the returns promised, causing the investors to lose huge amounts of money. In this scenario, the investors are victims of _____. Multiple Choice a Ponzi scheme arson a mortgage fraud libel and slander

automatic stay

In a bankruptcy, a(n) _____ protects the debtor by prohibiting creditors' initiation or continuation of any debt collection action against the debtor or her property. Multiple Choice automatic stay preferential transfer involuntary bankruptcy petition promissory note

beyond a reasonable doubt that Jenna committed the murder.

Jenna is on trial for murder in the first degree. To be found guilty of the crime, the jury must be sure Multiple Choice beyond a reasonable doubt that Jenna committed the murder. that Jenna was 75 percent more likely than anyone else to have committed the murder. that Jenna had a personal relationship with the murder victim. by a preponderance of the evidence that Jenna committed the murder.

liable as a bailee unless it can show that the valet acted with reasonable care.

Josh drove to a restaurant and handed his car keys to the valet at the entrance. After dinner, Josh learned that the valet accidentally left the car unlocked and the car was stolen. In the context of bailment relationships, the restaurant is most likely Multiple Choice liable as a bailor because it did not fulfill its duty of care and duty to act reasonably. not liable because it was providing a gratuitous service for which it has no responsibility. liable as a bailee unless it can show that the valet acted with reasonable care. not liable because the car was the restaurant's responsibility only until it was parked in its parking basement.

The bank must pursue Joshua and attempt to collect as much as possible from him before it can pursue Emily.

Joshua applies for a bank loan to purchase a new house. However, Joshua's creditworthiness is questionable so the bank requests that a third party with reasonable creditworthiness cosign the loan agreement. Joshua's sister, Emily, cosigns as a guarantor while Joshua is the surety. Within the year, Joshua loses his job and his loan payments are delayed for over two months. Which of the following is most likely to be true in this case? Multiple Choice The bank cannot hold Joshua liable in any way because the loss of his job was not his fault. The bank must void Joshua's loan agreement immediately and fine Joshua for defaulting on his payments. The bank must pursue Joshua and attempt to collect as much as possible from him before it can pursue Emily. The bank must immediately hold Emily liable for the entire repayment of the loan.

misappropriation

Max is a waiter at a five-star restaurant. He was offered $500 to obtain the recipe of the chef's signature dish and pass it on to Jack, a chef from another, less popular restaurant. Considering that the recipe is one of the trade secrets of the five-star restaurant, Max will most likely be charged with _____. Multiple Choice disparagement trademark dilution trademark infringement misappropriation

Max should return the watch to the man who approached him, as this man is the actual owner.

Max purchased an antique watch from a local store for $500. As soon as Max stepped outside the shop with the watch, a man approached him claiming that the watch was actually his and had been stolen over a week ago. He claimed that the watch was personalized with his initials and showed Max his driver's license. Max checked the watch and realized that he was in fact the owner of the watch. In the context of rights of ownership, which of the following is true in this scenario? Multiple Choice Max should return the watch to the man who approached him, as this man is the actual owner. Max has title to the watch as it was a legitimate purchase, whether or not he knew it was stolen. Max has title to the watch since he purchased it in good faith, without knowing that it was stolen. Max should return the watch to the store owner, who has title to the watch because he sold it.

preliminary adjudication

Once a suspect has been charged with a criminal violation, the prosecutor may decide to prosecute the defendant on that original charge. The next step in the criminal justice process is the defendant's right to a(n) _____. Multiple Choice misdemeanor arrest warrant preliminary citation preliminary adjudication

Quarter Inc. can be legally charged because sovereign immunity does not apply to foreign entities engaged in a commercial enterprise on U.S. soil.

Quarter Inc. is an Italian company that set up its ventures in the United States. It sells watches—designed and manufactured in Italy—in the United States. For the past few months, Quarter Inc. has not been doing well and has not paid rent for its establishment. According to the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA), which of the following most likely applies to Quarter Inc.? Multiple Choice Quarter Inc. can be legally charged because sovereign immunity does not apply to foreign entities engaged in a commercial enterprise on U.S. soil. Quarter Inc. cannot be legally charged because as a foreign entity, it cannot be tried in a U.S. court of law. Quarter Inc. can be legally charged only if Italy recognizes U.S. laws and defers to them under the concept of comity. Quarter Inc. cannot be legally charged because as a foreign entity, it is exempt from prosecution based on sovereign immunity.

finance charge

Standard Bank gives John a substantial loan to purchase a new home. This credit transaction is governed by the Truth in Lending Act (TILA), which requires that certain written disclosures be made before a credit transaction is consummated. The TILA disclosure statement specifies the amount of $15,000, which represents the sum of interest charges John will be required to pay along with the principal amount of $100,000. This specification best exemplifies the _____. Multiple Choice annual percentage rate transaction charge finance charge loan original fees

after the debtor requests the collection agent to cease contact.

The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA) prohibits collector contact Multiple Choice during a time scheduled by the debtor. after the debtor requests the collection agent to cease contact. before the collector is informed that the debtor is represented by an attorney. before the debtor gives notice that she refuses to pay the debt.

probable cause

The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects individuals (and sometimes businesses) from unreasonable search and seizure by government agents and permits warrants to be issued only if _____ exists. Multiple Choice obstruction of justice preliminary adjudication reasonable doubt probable cause

False

The Hart-Scott-Rodino Act, enacted in 1976, provides broader regulatory authority to curb price discrimination. T/F

descriptive

The Lanham Act does not provide protection for ______ trademarks because they are not inherently distinctive, except when they have acquired a secondary meaning. Multiple Choice fanciful descriptive arbitrary suggestive

consumers

The Magnuson-Moss Act applies to warranties given to _____. Multiple Choice merchants creditors consumers lessors

The degree of consumer confusion brought about by an infringing mark.

The Trademark Dilution Revision Act (TDRA) includes factors for a court to consider in determining whether there is dilution by blurring. Which of the following is NOT one of the factors specified by the TDRA? Multiple Choice The degree of consumer confusion brought about by an infringing mark. The degree of inherent or acquired distinctiveness of an infringing mark. The degree of recognition (fame) of an infringing mark. The degree of similarity between an infringing mark and a famous mark.

Clayton Act

The _____ is a federal antitrust law enacted in 1914 as a preventive statute that deals with specific types of trade restraints, including exclusive dealing arrangements, tie-in sales, price discrimination, mergers and acquisitions, and interlocking directorates. Multiple Choice Curt Flood Act of 1998 Federal Trade Commission Act Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act Clayton Act

American Arbitration Association (AAA)

The _____ provides that its International Arbitration Rules apply only in the absence of any designated rules. Multiple Choice American Arbitration Association (AAA) London Court of International Arbitration (LCIA) International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) International Court of Arbitration

the power of eminent domain

The authority of the state and federal government to take private property is called _____. Multiple Choice the power of eminent domain the power of implied domain police power express power

bribery

The term "kickback" is best associated with _____. Multiple Choice bribery rehabilitation arson self defense

treaties, customs, and judicial decisions.

The three primary sources of international law are Multiple Choice preamble, amendments, and articles. treaties, customs, and judicial decisions. copyrights, patents, and trademarks. civil law systems, common law systems, and religious-based legal systems.

price leading

There are two ice cream stalls on the same lane. Each time one vendor lowers the price of an ice cream, the other vendor does the same. If one of the vendors increases the price of an ice cream, the other vendor does the same. This is an example of _____. Multiple Choice vertical restraint price leading exclusive selling price-fixing

70 years from the death of the author.

Under the Copyright Act, the copyright duration for a book written in 1985 by a single author is Multiple Choice 120 years from the date of creation. 70 years from the death of the author. 95 years from the date of publication. 15 years from the death of the author.

False

Under the Sherman Act, any kind of monopoly is illegal. True/False

False

Vertical price-fixing occurs when a seller attempts to control the resale price of a product at a higher level in the supply chain. T/F

False

Violators of antitrust laws are subject to civil penalties, not to criminal penalties. True/False

insolvent

When a business venture no longer has adequate assets to maintain its operations and can no longer pay its bills as they become due in the usual course of trade and business, it is considered _____. Multiple Choice insolvent discharged foreclosed reorganized

Allan, who borrows money from a commercial bank to buy a house.

Which of the following is likely to be covered under the Truth in Lending Act (TILA)? Multiple Choice Zen Bank, which borrows money from another bank to balance its deficits. Lint Bank, which lends money to a business to cover the business's corporate debt. Stacy, who lends some money to her neighbor for an emergency. Allan, who borrows money from a commercial bank to buy a house.

Blue Daze Inc. attempts to monopolize a part of trade.

Which of the following is most likely to be considered an offense by the Sherman Act? Multiple Choice Crimson Inc. invents a new device that happens to put others out of business. Yellow Ink Corp. introduces a new product in the market, which gains unexpected popularity. Blue Daze Inc. attempts to monopolize a part of trade. Jade Corp. unknowingly acquires monopoly power in a relevant market.

A landlord may begin the process of evicting a tenant by first filing a lawsuit of eviction in a local court.

Which of the following is one of the rights of the landlord in a landlord-tenant agreement? Multiple Choice A landlord may evict a tenant from the premises even if the tenant has paid rent only a few days late in a particular month. A landlord may not hold a tenant's security deposit even if the tenant has not paid rent, and must claim any amounts due by filing a lawsuit. A landlord may hold a tenant's security deposit for more than 45 days after the end of a lease. A landlord may begin the process of evicting a tenant by first filing a lawsuit of eviction in a local court.

Choreographic works

Which of the following is protected under the Copyright Act? Multiple Choice Discoveries Choreographic works Abstract ideas Methods of operation

In a sublease, a tenant transfers her interests to a subleasee for a term that is less than the remaining term of the original lease.

Which of the following is true of a property sublease? Multiple Choice In a sublease, a tenant transfers her interests to a subleasee for the entire remaining length of the term of the original lease. In a sublease, a tenant is not bound to the original lease agreement even if the landlord does not release the tenant from that particular obligation. In a sublease, a tenant transfers her interests to a subleasee for a term that is less than the remaining term of the original lease. In a sublease, a subleasee does not receive the full legal benefits of a tterm-26enancy.

They strongly favor use of case law, as opposed to legislation, as the ordinary means of expressions of general law.

Which of the following is true of common law systems? Multiple Choice They operate in countries that have drawn their body of law largely from Roman law heritage. They rely heavily on written codes to define their laws and do not favor the notion of courts filling in any gaps in the statutes. They are used exclusively by European, Latin American, African, and Asian countries. They strongly favor use of case law, as opposed to legislation, as the ordinary means of expressions of general law.

They are applicable to sales made by one merchant to another merchant.

Which of the following is true of implied warranties under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC)? Multiple Choice They do not include a warranty that the product is fit for its ordinary use. They are applicable to sales made by one merchant to another merchant. They are applicable only when a seller makes a specific promise about the goods. No disclaimer of implied warranties is permitted under any circumstances.

The relationship between mortgagor and mortgagee is primarily governed by state statutes.

Which of the following is true of mortgages? Multiple Choice They are not public records that others can look up. The relationship between mortgagor and mortgagee is primarily governed by state statutes. They are typically accompanied by stocks. The creditor is known as the mortgagor, and the borrower is known as the mortgagee.

It exempts nations from jurisdiction by other nations' courts.

Which of the following is true of sovereign immunity? Multiple Choice It exempts nations from jurisdiction by other nations' courts. It cannot be waived by a foreign country. It allows no exceptions. It prevents governments from fulfilling contractual obligations.

It does not regulate a creditor collecting her own debt.

Which of the following is true of the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA)? Multiple Choice It does not regulate agents involved in debt collection. It does not regulate a creditor collecting her own debt. It does not regulate attorneys who are collecting consumer debts on behalf of a debtor. It does regulate the collection agents of a consumer.

It gives advisory opinions on legal questions submitted to it by duly authorized international organs.

Which of the following is true of the International Court of Justice? Multiple Choice It coordinates aid to developing international organizations and takes steps toward eliminating bribery and other corruption from developing economies. It is intended to promote stability of international currencies and provide temporary assistance for countries to help prevent the collapse of their economies. It gives advisory opinions on legal questions submitted to it by duly authorized international organs. It is the final arbiter of the codes governing European Union (EU) member countries.

All patents must meet the novelty standard to be protected.

Which of the following is true of the different categories of patents? Multiple Choice All patents must meet the novelty standard to be protected. All patents last for a period of 20 years from the date of filing the application. A utility patent covers the invention of new and useful designs for manufacture. An important subcategory of design patents is the business method patent.

A professor studies an experiment in a published journal and draws analogies with it during a class lecture.

Which of the following situations involving infringement is most likely to be protected by a fair use defense? Multiple Choice A student borrows a textbook from her university library, makes copies of it, and sells it to her friends. A professor studies an experiment in a published journal and draws analogies with it during a class lecture. A researcher compiles content from various published textbooks and sends it for publishing as her own work. A playwright uses the book Pride and Prejudice to create a screenplay for his next satire.

Actus reus

_____ requires the government to prove that a defendant's actions objectively satisfied the elements of a particular offense. Multiple Choice Trial do novo Contra legem Actus reus Mens rea

In a commercial lease, a certain degree of sophistication is imputed to tenants; in a residential lease, it is not.

Which of the following statements accurately describes a difference between a commercial lease and a residential lease? Multiple Choice In a commercial lease, a certain degree of sophistication is imputed to tenants; in a residential lease, it is not. Commercial lease tenants have a duty of reasonableness in care and use of the property, residential tenants do not. Commercial lease landlords can keep a tenant's security deposit if the tenant has not paid rent for a few months; residential lease landlords cannot. In a commercial lease, courts are eager to protect the habitability right of the tenants; in a residential lease, they are not.

The CISG specifically provides that contracts are not subject to requirements as to format.

Which of the following statements accurately describes a feature of the U.N. Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG)? Multiple Choice The CISG requires an offer for the sale of goods to have complete terms in order to be valid. The CISG provisions apply to transactions in which one party is a nonmerchant. The CISG gives buyers an absolute right and obligation to cure. The CISG specifically provides that contracts are not subject to requirements as to format.

Criminal law defines the boundaries of behavior and sanctions for violating those boundaries; criminal procedure refers to the legal processes and safeguards afforded to individuals during criminal investigations.

Which of the following statements accurately differentiates between criminal law and criminal procedure? Multiple Choice Criminal law defines the boundaries of behavior and sanctions for violating those boundaries; criminal procedure refers to the legal processes and safeguards afforded to individuals during criminal investigations. Criminal law sets limits on the government's authority in applying criminal procedure; criminal procedure is a body of law designed to prevent harm to society. Criminal law is designed to compensate parties, including businesses, for damages as a result of another's conduct; criminal procedure is the court process that leads to a verdict assigning the amount of compensation that a party has to pay. Criminal law refers to the protections provided to individuals during criminal proceedings; criminal procedure refers to punishments such as a fine or imprisonment given to someone who violates a law.

To prevent, punish, and deter certain unfair business practices.

Which of the following statements best highlights the purpose of antitrust law? Multiple Choice To enable some companies to manipulate their prices. To subject violators to civil penalties, not criminal sanctions. To prevent, punish, and deter certain unfair business practices. To protect individual competitor companies, not the competitive process.

Our desserts, made of the richest cocoa, will make you want more.

Which of the following statements is the best example of puffery in advertising, assuming that the product fails to meet the claims specified? Multiple Choice Our desserts, made of the richest cocoa, will make you want more. The device is 100 percent dust-proof and requires no battery change for two years. We promise a complete cash refund if you are not happy with our product. This car gives excellent gas mileage of 40 miles per gallon.

International arbitration usually has no connection with the country in which the arbitration is being held.

Which of the following statements is true of international arbitration? Multiple Choice International arbitration awards can only be enforced in the country that the dispute originates in. Arbitration that is international is always administered by a single, universal arbitration forum. Arbitration is only considered international if the subject matter of the dispute involves two states from a country. International arbitration usually has no connection with the country in which the arbitration is being held.

The government alleged that Microsoft used its monopoly in the computer operating system market to eliminate competition from a more popular Internet browser.

Which of the following statements is true of the famous U.S. v. Microsoft case? Multiple Choice The government alleged that Microsoft used its monopoly in the computer operating system market to eliminate competition from a more popular Internet browser. Microsoft sued the federal government for anticompetitive behavior in the development and distribution of its Internet browser software called Explorer. The trial court proved that Microsoft did not employ illegal anticompetitive means to maintain and further its monopoly of the operating system market. The court affirmed the finding by the trial court and ruled that the appropriate standard was the rule of per se standard.

The Equal Credit Opportunity Act.

Which of the following statutes was driven primarily by the civil rights movement of the late 1960s and 1970s to prevent what was then a relatively common practice of considering gender or race in credit decisions? Multiple Choice The Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act. The Fair and Accurate Credit Transaction Act. The Truth in Lending Act. The Equal Credit Opportunity Act.

The Sherman Act.

Which of the following statutes was enacted in 1890, and is the centerpiece of antitrust law? Multiple Choice The Sherman Act. The Clayton Act. The Robinson-Patman Act. The Federal Trade Commission Act.

holder considers the mark distinctive enough even though it is not yet registered with the USPTO.

While acquiring rights for trademark protection, a mark holder may use the symbol TM to indicate that the Multiple Choice mark is registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). mark cannot be used by anyone, even if he or she used the mark in commerce prior to the registration. holder considers the mark distinctive enough even though it is not yet registered with the USPTO. holder thinks that the mark should be protected even though it is not distinctive enough.

Structural-offense laws

Wind-Block Inc. manufactures equipment required for building wind turbines. It is the monopoly holder in the industry, which gives it the inherent power to set prices without any chance of losing market share to competition. Which of the following antitrust laws is designed to combat this problem? Multiple Choice Class-action laws Affirmative-action laws Horizontal-restraint laws Structural-offense laws

Criminal law

_____ consists of a body of law that, for the purposes of preventing harm to society, declares what conduct is unlawful and prescribes the punishment to be imposed for such conduct. Multiple Choice Civil law Civil procedure Criminal procedure Criminal law

Leasehold estate

_____ ownership interests afford the least amount of general rights associated with real estate. Multiple Choice Easement Life estate Leasehold estate Fee simple