The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Immunoglobulin E

Appears in glandular secretion; associated with allergic reactions

Immunoglobulin G

Effective against bacteria, viruses, and toxins

Immunoglobulin M

First Ig produced after infection; develops in blood plasma in response to certain antigens

T lymphocytes

T cell

cytotoxic cell

T cell that helps destroy foreign cells or substances (CD8)

B lymphocyte

a kind of lymphocyte that manufactures antibodies

Hodgkin's lymphoma

a type of lymph cancer that generally appears in early adulthood

pathogen

disease-causing agent

thrombocyte

platelets

interleukin

protein produced by T cells; helps regulate immune system

erythrocyte

red blood cell

lymphadenectomy

removal of a lymph node

thymectomy

removal of the thymus gland

splenomyelomalacia

softening of the spleen and bone marrow

leukocyte

white blood cells

lymphocytes

white blood cells made in the bone marrow that are critical to the body's defense against disease and infection

monocyte

associated with engulfing cellular debris, antigen processing

White blood cells

contained in lymph tissue

vaccinations

give acquired active immunity

antitoxins

give acquired passive immunity

immunity

resistance to particular pathogens

lymph node

specialized organ that filters harmful substances from the tissues and assists in the immune response

splenomegaly

spleen enlargement

thymoma

tumor of the thymus

helper cell

T cell that stimulates antibody production/immune response (CD4)

suppressor cell

T cell that suppresses B cells and other immune cells; regulates the amounts of antibody produced

Immunoglobulin A

Transfers immunity from mother to infant in breast milk

non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

a cancer of the lymph nodes with some cells resembling healthy cells and spreading in a diffuse pattern; appears mid-life

interferon

a protein produced by T cells and other cells; destroys disease-causing cells with its antiviral properties; manufactured and given in high doses in immune disorders

lymphocyte

a type of leukocyte; produced from lymphoid stem cells and give rise to B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells; produce antibodies and regulate immune response (specific)

interferon and interleuken

agents of T cells taht destroy disease causing cells

AZT

an AIDS drug that blocks virus growth

infectious mononucleosis

an acute infectious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus

anaphylaxis

an allergic reaction; a reaction so severe that it can be life threatening by decreasing blood pressure, affecting breathing, and causing loss of consciousness

lymphadenotomy

an incision into a lymph node

toxanemia

anemia resulting from a poison

antitoxin

antibodies directed against a particular disease or poison; helps produce resistance to a disease or a poison

gamma globulin

antibodies given to prevent or lessen certain diseases

immunoglobulin

antibody

immunoglobulin E

antibody associated with allergic reactions

IgD

antibody important in B-cell division

vaccine

antigen developed from a different organism that causes active immunity in the recipient

antigen

any substance that can provoke an immune response

basophils

associated with hypersensitivity and release histamine

eosinophils

associated with parasitic infection and allergic response

B cells

become plasma cells; produce antibodies (immunoglobulins)

adenocyte

cell of a gland

lymphocele

cystic mass containing lymph

lymphangiectasis

dilation of the lymphatic vessels

neutrophil

engulf bacteria and cellular debris (non-specific)

toxicologist

expert in the science of poisons

lymph

fluid that contains white blood cells and other substances and flows in the lymphatic vessels

splenorrhagia

hemorrhage from a spleen

thymosin

hormone secreted by the thymus gland that aids in distribution of thymocytes and lymphocytes

lymphadenitis

inflammation of a lymph node

sarcoidosis

inflammatory condition that can affect lung function; lesions involving the lymph nodes, lungs, and other organs

phagocytosis

ingestion of foreign substances by specialized cells

natural immunity

inherent resistance (have it at birth) to disease found in a species, race, family group, or certain individuals

vaccination

injection of an antigen from a different organism to cause active immunity

acquired passive immunity

inoculation against disease or poison, using antitoxins or antibodies from or in another person or another species

immunodeficient

lacking in some immune function

T cell

lymphocyte associated with cellular immunity

lymphangiosarcoma

malignancy in the lymphatic vessels

spleen

organ of lymph system that filters and stores blood, removes old red blood cells, and activates lymphocytes

hypersplenism

overactive spleen

lymphoid

resembling lymph

acquired active immunity

resistance to a disease acquired naturally or developed by previous exposure or vaccination

cell-mediated immunity

resistance to disease mediated by T cells

humoral immunity

resistance to disease provided by plasma cells and antibody production

toxiderma

skin disease caused by a poison

microphage

small phagocytic cell that devours foreign substances

thymus gland

soft gland with two lobes that is involved in immune responses; located in the mediastinum

macrophage

special cell that devours foreign substances

macrophages and microphages

special cells that ingest foreign substances

plasma cell

specialized lymphocyte that produces immunoglobulins

antibody

specialized protein that fights disease; immunoglobulin; protein produced by B cells that fights foreign cells

T cells

specialized white blood cells that receive markers in the thymus, are responsible for cellular immunity, and assist with humoral immunity

interstitial fluid

the fluid in the space between tissues

radiation and chemotherapy

used to treat lymphomas

immunization

vaccination