The Menstrual Cycle

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The structure noted within the Graafian follicle containing the developing ovum is the:

Cumulus oophorus

Which hormone released by the ovary during the proliferative phase stimulates endometrial thickening?

Estrogen

which structure remains after the corpus luteum has regressed?

corpus albicans

which hormone maintains the corpus luteum during pregnancy?

hCG

The first menstrual cycle is termed:

menarche

what is the typical sonographic appearance of the endometrium during the secretory phase?

hyperchoic and thick

When the sonographic three line sign is present the functional layer of the endometrium typically appears:

hypoechoic

The periovulatory phase may also be referred to as the:

late proliferative phase

Which of the following could also be described as intermenstrual bleeding?

metrorrhagia

What structure produces hormones that directly act upon the endometrium to produce varying thicknesses and sonographic appearances?

ovary

When the ovary is in the luteal phase, the endometrium is in the:

secretory

The second phase of the endometrial cycle is the:

secretory phase

The arteries within the functional layer of the endometrium that are altered by the hormones of the ovary are shed with menstruation are the:

spiral arteries

The two hormones produced by the anterior pituitary gland that impact the menstrual cycle are:

LH and FSH

FSH is produced by the:

anterior pituitary gland

LH is the produced by

anterior pituitary gland

Painful and difficult menstruation is termed:

dysmenorrhea

An increase in the number of endometrial cells is termed:

endometrial hyperplasia

The first phase of the ovarian cycle is the:

follicular phase

The hormone produced by the trophoblastic cells of the early placenta is:

hCG

During which phase of the endometrial cycle would the endometrium yield the three-line sign?

late proliferative

Which of the following is said to be a common cause of DUB?

polycystic ovary syndrome

What is defined as frequent regular cycles but less than 21 days apart?

polymenorrhea

The corpus luteum primarily releases:

progesterone

What hormone maintains the thickness of the endometrium after ovulation?

progesterone

Which of the following hormones is released by the ovary during the second half of the menstrual cycle?

progesterone

The first phase of the endometrial cycle is the:

proliferative phase

The measurement of the endometrium during the early proliferative phase ranges from:

4 to 8 mm

A change in menstrual bleeding associated with lesions w/i the uterus relates to:

AUB

The temporary endocrine gland that results from the rupture of the Graafian follicle is the:

Corpus luteum

The hormone that surges at ovulation is:

LH

The second phase of the ovarian cycle is called the:

luteal phase

Ovulation typically occurs on day - of the menstrual cycle

14

The average menstrual cycle lasts:

28 days

The hormone produced by the hypothalamus that controls the release of the hormones for menstruation by the anterior pituitary gland is:

GnRH

The dominant follicle prior to ovulation is termed the:

Graafian follicle

what structure may be noted on the ovary just prior to ovulation ?

Graafian follicle

Ectopic endometrial tissue within the uterus that leads to AUB is termed:

Adenomyosis

The hormone of the pituitary gland that stimulates follicular development of the ovary is:

FSH

which of the following would not be a cause of AUB?

ovarian torsion


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