The Nile River - 10 Facts

Why did the ancient Egyptians settle near the Nile and how is it important?

The Egyptians settled near the Nile because it provided food, water and transportation. The Nile was one of the only sources of fresh water in the hot, dry desert. If it were not for the Nile, Egypt would not exist today.

Which way does the Nile flow and where does it empty?

The Nile River flows north and empties into the Mediterranean Sea. This is why the northern part of Egypt was "Lower Egypt" and the southern part was "Upper Egypt."

How do farmers use the Nile?

The Nile irrigated farmer's crops. Farmers used to haul buckets of water from the Nile to their fields. With the invention of a "shadoof," watering crops became easier and more efficient for farmers.

What is the Nile River and how long is it?

The Nile is the longest river in the world. It is 4,258 miles long.

What are the 4 countries that the Nile runs through?

The Nile runs through Sudan, Ethiopia, Egypt, and Uganda.

How is the Nile a "highway?"

The ancient Egyptians and Kushites traveled on water using boats and rafts. This could let them trade with other civilizations for goods that they did not have.

How did the Nile provide food and drinking water?

The fresh water in the Nile was the Egyptian's and Kushite's drinking water. The Nile provided fish for the Egyptians and Kushites.

What are two plants growing on the Nile's banks?

Dates and Papyrus grew near the Nile. Dates are sweet, raisin-like fruits that grow on trees that look like palm trees. Papyrus is a reed used for making paper, boats, baskets, and rope.

How does the Nile flood and how did it help farmers?

Melted snow from the Zagros Mountains causes the Nile to overflow. When the water receded, it left a layer of silt. Silt aerates the soil, letting the roots of crops get water and minerals.

How did the Nile prevent disease?

People would bathe in the water and wash their clothes in it. This helped the Egyptians and Kushites to keep clean and prevent disease.