Tissues Chapter 4 - Checking Understanding

What type of membrane consists of epithelium and connective tissue, and lines the body cavities open to the exterior?

A mucus membrane consists of both connective tissue and epithelium. It lines the body cavities open to the exterior.

What common secretion do all unicellular exocrine glands produce?

All unicellular exocrine glands secrete the protein mucin (which becomes music on mixing with water).

Which connective tissue has a soft weblike matrix capable of serving as a fluid reservoir?

Areolar connective tissue.

You are looking at muscle tissue through a microscope ad you see striped branching cells that connect with one another. What type of muscle are you viewing?

Cardiac muscle cells have striations and are branching cells.

What are the four functions of connective tissue?

Connective tissue functions to bind, support, protect and insulate body organs.

What type of connective tissue is damaged when you cut your index finger tendon?

Dense regular connective tissue is damaged when you lacerate a tendon.

What are the names of three embryonic germ layers?

Ectoderm, Mesdoderm, &Endoderm.

Which germ layer gives rise to the nervous system?

Ectoderm.

Which of the following properties apply to epithelial tissue? Has blood vessels, can repair itself (regenerate), cells joined by lateral contacts.

Epithelial tissue can regenerate and its cells are joined by lateral contacts.

Epithelial tissue is the only tissue type that has polarity, that is apical and basal surface. Why is this so important?

Epithelial tissue lines body cavities and covers the body's external surface; thus polarity with one free (apical) surface is a requirement.

Which two tissue types remain highly mitotic throughout life?

Epitheliem and blood-forming tissue.

What is the purpose of fixing tissue for microscopic viewing?

Fixing tissue preserves it and prevents from deteriorating.

What types of stains are used in stain tissues to be viewed with an electron microscope?

Heavy metal salts.

What gland type (merocrine or holocrine) would you expect to have the highest rate of cell division? Why?

Holocene glands have the highest rate of cell division. The secretory cells fragment and are lost in the secretion; thus the secretory cells must continuously replaces.

John wants to become a professional basketball player. Unfortunately he is short for his age and his epiphyseal plates have already fused. What type of connective tissue forms epiphyseal plates?

Hyaline cartilage forms the growth plates.

Why does a deep injury to the skin result in an abundant scar tissue?

More severe injuries damage and destroy more tissue, requiring greater replacement with a scar tissue.

Some epithelia are pseudo-stratified. What does this mean?

Pseudo-stratified epithelia appear to be stratified because their cells nuclei lie at different distances from the basement membrane. However, all cells rest on the basement membrane. ("False" - 1 layer)

What are the three types of fibers found in connective tissue?

Reticular, collagen, and elastic fibers.

Stratified epithelia are "built" for protection or to resist abrasion. What are the simple epithelia better at?

Simple epithelia are better at absorption and filtration across their thin epithelial barriers.

What muscle type(s) is voluntary? Which is injured when you pull a muscle while exercising?

Skeletal muscle tissue is voluntary and is the muscle tissue injured when you "pull a muscle" while exercising.

What type of membrane ones the thoracic walls and covers the lungs, and what is it called?

The serous membranes called pleurae line the thorax walls and cover the lungs.

How are multicellular exocrine glands classified?

These exocrine glands are classified by duct structure and secretory mode.

Where is transitional epithelium found and what is its importance at those sites?

Transitional epithelium is found in the urinary bladder and other hollow urinary organs. The ability of this epithelium to thin allows the urinary organs to handle (store or transport) a larger urine volume when necessary.

How does the extended length of a neuron's processes aid its function in the body?

With extended process, a neuron can conduct electrical signals a great distance within the body.

What are three main steps of tissue repair?

inflammation, organization, and regeneration and fibrous (which is a permanent repair).