TMA Chapters 1-4 Exam Review
name four purposes of an advanced directive?
1. States an individual's wishes regarding healthcare if the individual is not able to speak for him or herself 2. names an individual to make decisions for an individual if he or she becomes incapable of doing this 3. expresses an individual's wish to donate organs when he or she dies 4. States and individuals wish not to be resuscitated if his or her heart stops beating
three Trends in modern medicine that have led to an increase in office-based health care are?
1. desire to reduce Healthcare cost for employers governments and insurance companies 2. medical offices and Clinics providing a wide range of Diagnostic and treatment services to avoid having to admit patients to the hospital 3. evidence in research on outcomes demonstrating that people feel better the less they must be confined in or go to a hospital for treatment
name three kinds of health professionals that can manage routine patient care?
1. physician 2. nurse practitioner 3. physician assistant
give three examples of a patient's rights?
1. right to life 2. right to privacy 3. right to autonomy
give four reasons why neatness and good grooming are important for medical assistants?
1. they help the medical assistant project a professional image 2. clean hair and hands help prevent the spread of infection 3. if medical office staff looks professional it helps patients believe that they will receive competent care 4. excessive jewelry can become Tangled and equipment
how many employees must a business have for them to be protected by Equal Opportunity Employment laws?
15 people
when was the American Association of medical assistants organized?
1956
how many contact hours must an RMA obtain in order to recertify?
30 contact hours
Managed Care
A system that manages the delivery of healthcare with the intention of controlling costs
which of the following agencies accredits medical assisting education programs?
CAAHEP
which law or government agency is primarily responsible for the regulation of Laboratories and laboratory tests?
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA '88)
denial
Defense mechanism by which people refuse to accept reality.
what is a key concept of the Hippocratic Oath?
Do no harm
what are the four D's of malpractice
Duty derelict direct cause damage
which federal law regulates minimum wage?
Fair labor standards Act
which federal act includes incentives to encourage adoption of electronic medical records by physicians and health care facilities?
HITECH
what kind of facility now functions primarily to provide acute care and diagnostic services?
Hospital
what kind of insurance plan is designed to provide health insurance for low-income people?
Medicaid
what encouraged the development of medical assisting as a profession?
Medical Offices had to submit insurance forms for patients covered by government insurance plans
what kind of federal insurance plan provides health insurance for the elderly the disabled and those with end-stage kidney disease?
Medicare
which federal agency is responsible for physical protection of employees in the workplace?
OSHA
what is defensive medicine?
Physician's order more diagnostic tests than before as a defense against a possible lawsuit
open questions
Questions that allow for a variety of extended responses
what credential is obtained if a medical assistant passes the certification examination in medical assisting given by the American Medical technologists (AMT)?
RMA
Respondeat Superior
Responsibility of an employer for the acts of an employee
what US Supreme Court decision in 1973 established the right of a woman to obtain an abortion in any state?
Roe versus Wade
what does the doctrine of respondeat superior mean?
The Physician is liable for the negligent actions of his or her employees
what is the current name for the health insurance plan for dependent spouses and children of active-duty military personnel?
Tricare
what examination must have physician pass in order to obtain a state license to practice medicine?
United States medical licensing examination (USMLE)
common law
Unwritten body of law based on General custom
Act
a bill or measure that has become law
what is the legal nature of the doctor-patient relationship?
a contract
a drug that has potential for addiction and or abuse is called?
a controlled substance
subpoena
a court order for a witness to appear and give testimony
subpoena duces tecum
a court order to produce documents or records
malfeasance
a crime or wrongdoing that is illegal
comparative negligence
a defense to a lawsuit that establishes a percentage of responsibility for injury on the part of the plaintiff
arbitration
a formal process whereby the parties to a dispute agree to submit to the decision of a neutral party
res ipsa loquitur
a legal doctrine that assumes negligence because of the type of injury
misdemeanor
a less serious crime punishable by a fine or imprisonment for less than a year
formulary
a list of prescription drugs covered or preferred by managed care insurance company
fee-for-service
a means of payment for health care in which the cost for each service provided is reimbursed in full or in part
patient-centered medical home
a model of primary care that emphasizes patient-centered Healthcare based on personal relationship among the patient a physician and the patient's care team
what is utilization review?
a process to determine whether Health Care is medically necessary
what is a right?
a strong claim
anxiety
a vague unpleasant emotion of fear or dread often accompanied by restlessness or nervousness
a physician has discontinued care of a patient without properly notifying the patient what is this called?
abandonment
capitation
accept payment provided by managed care insurance per patient per month regardless of the amount of service the patient receives
how should a medical assistant deal with a patient going through denial?
accepting the denial without reinforcing it
how can the medical assistant show empathy for a patient?
acknowledging the patient's feelings
the type of listening when a medical assistant remains in the moment and focus is fully on the patient's message is called?
active listening
what type of law refers to law arising from the actions of federal government agencies such as the Social Security Administration and the Internal Revenue Service?
administrative law
when does a physician participate in a residency program?
after finishing medical school
what is an advantage to a student of completing an accredited medical assisting program?
after graduation the student is eligible to take a medical assisting certification examination
if the patient looks away and the medical assistant continues to seek eye contact what can this be perceived as?
aggression
when a patient comes to the office for care and then leaves and goes home what type of care has the patient received?
ambulatory
what is undoing?
an attempt to make amends for a feeling or behavior that makes a person feel guilty
tort
an injury or wrong against a person or property that does not involve breach-of-contract
hospice
an organization that manages care for dying patients including Comfort pain relief and personal care
what is a psychological response to a perceived threat?
anxiety
utilization review
assessment of medical services to determine whether they appropriate necessary and of high quality
what is rationalization?
assigning logical reasons or excuses for actions that may have been motivated by self-interest or other emotions that the person does not wish to acknowledge
what is compensation?
attempting to overcome a real or perceived handicap by developing some other ability or trait
what is the name for a patient's right to make decisions about health care according to individual values?
autonomy
how can the medical assistant facilitate good communication non-verbally?
be aware of his or her own and the patient's body language
how can the medical assistant be a good communicator?
be effective and sending and receiving messages
what is the name for the concept that a health professional should do the best possible?
beneficence
where is patient billing usually performed?
billing may be done in an individual office, in a centralized location for several offices ,or by a private billing service
what are the uses of arm gestures facial expressions and turning one's head all examples of?
body language
how is reasonable care determined for a physician?
by other physicians in his community or similar communities within his specialty
what is it called when a physician receives one monthly fee from the insurance company for each subscriber in his or her practice?
capitation
traditionally what distinguished a clinic from other types of medical offices?
care was free or very low-cost
hierarchy
classified according to rank or importance
what kind of Medical Practice might include a pediatrician an internist a dermatologist an allergist a neurologist and a general surgeon?
closed panel Health maintenance organization (HMO)
body language
communication that is expressed through facial expressions body position muscle activity and other non-verbal means
nonverbal
communication that occurs without words
holistic
considering the whole in medicine
what is the branch of law that deals with offenses against the public welfare that affect all people?
criminal law
judgemental
critical or negative
what is suppression?
deciding to put uncomfortable or painful thoughts out of awareness
how should the medical assistant help a sight-impaired patient?
describe the environment clearly in words
what agency should employees complain to if they feel they have been discriminated against in their hiring firing or employment?
equal employment opportunity commission
non malfeasance
ethical concept requiring than action Do no harm or do less harm than good
what is the name for normal acceptable behavior in our society?
etiquette
how often must a CMA(AAMA) recertify to continue to use credential?
every five years
chronic
existing over a long period of time
what is selective inattention?
failing to hear or pay attention to information that may provoke an anxiety
nonfeasance
failing to perform an act that should have been performed resulting in injury
negligence
failure to act as a reasonably prudent person would in similar circumstances
abandonment
failure to continue to provide medical care to a patient without proper notification
what type of insurance plan pays a physician separately for each procedure that was performed?
fee-for-service insurance
what is the name for a serious crime punishable by death or imprisonment?
felony
what is the duty to meet reasonable expectations of patients?
fidelity
what is an important part of active listening for a medical assistant?
focusing all attention on the patient
what is the name for an insurance plans list of approved medications?
formulary
what is the name for the crime of billing and insurance company for tests and procedures that were never performed?
fraud
embezzlement
fraudulent appropriation of funds or property of an employer or client
what was included in the original model for health maintenance organizations hmos?
full service clinics in which the Physicians were employees
what is one way for medical assisting program to demonstrate high quality?
gaining and maintaining accreditation
experimental treatments that attempt to treat or Cure Disease by giving patients new jeans that have been synthesized in a laboratory is called?
gene therapy
when one employee engages another with unwanted comments or physical contact of a sexual nature what is this called?
harassment
Hippocrates often called the father of Western medicine?
he believed that disease was caused by physical and environmental that could be studied
a system by which a person pays insurance company a yearly amount of money in exchange for the insurance company is paying some or most of the person's medical expenses for that year is?
health insurance
which is more common, a patient with total deafness or a hearing impaired patient?
hearing impairment that interferes with communication
where are paper medical records usually stored?
in a medical records area near the reception area
the ability to begin or carry through on a plan of action independently?
initiative
when a patient must cope with a serious illness offering choices is most helpful because?
it helps the patient gain some sense of control
case law
law established by the outcome of former cases
empirical
learned from observation or experiment
if a patient's Vision cannot be corrected to 20 / 200 in the better eye what is this called?
legal blindness
to whom would Physicians report in cases of specific infectious diseases?
local Board of Health
genetic engineering
making altering or repairing genetic material
if both sides are willing some disagreements can be settled out of court with the help of a facilitator what is this process called?
mediation
malpractice
negligence by a professional
does attending an accredited medical assisting program guarantee employment?
no
which aspect of our communication is most likely to convey our true feelings and beliefs?
nonverbal communication
how should a physician terminate a relationship with a patient in order to avoid a possible lawsuit for abandonment?
notify the patient in writing
empathy
objective awareness and sensitivity to the feelings and emotions of others
what is an important element of professionalism for medical assistants and Physicians?
obtaining continuing education and staying current in the profession
cities and towns enact laws that have to do with the general welfare of its citizens what are these laws called?
ordinances
which type of primary care seeks to balance the structure and function of the body through manipulation of muscles and joints?
osteopathy
give an example of an internal factor that can interfere with communication?
pain
what is the name for treatment that reduces symptoms of a disease but does not cure the disease?
palliative
what activities occur at the patient check-in window or counter?
patience and a new patient information forms and health insurance cards
which 1990 law recognizes the rights of adults who refuse treatment for disease?
patient self-determination act
active listening
paying close attention to a speaker without thinking of anything else
misfeasance
performing a legal act in an improper
once a medical facility has received notice that a patient has initiated a lawsuit what type of statement must the patient sign?
permission to release information
physiologic
pertaining to body processes
what agency is responsible for issuing a state license to practice medicine?
physician Licensing Board of each state
what is the Practical experience in a physician office that is included in a medical assisting program called?
practicum
malpractice insurance is also known as?
professional liability insurance
health insurance
protection for covered Services related to health care
describe Family Medicine?
provides General Medical Care of children adolescents and adults
closed questions
questions answered with a yes or no
what is not a common reaction to illness?
relief
what is the legal meaning of the word liability?
responsibility
what is regression?
returning to the emotional adjustment of an earlier stage of growth and development
paraphrasing
rewording an original passage
what right is the basis for informed consent?
right to autonomy
what type of Healthcare in Courage is regular check-ups immunizations and well-child visits?
routine care
what are the procedures that a medical assistant is trained for and allowed to performed by law called?
scope of practice
what are tone of voice voice pitch voice volume and voice quality examples of?
secondary nonverbal communication
what is displacement?
shifting an emotion or behavior from the original object to more acceptable substitute
oral
spoken
the level of appropriate care legally required of any other practitioner within the same Education and Training providing the same care in the same geographic region is called?
standard of care
larceny
stealing another person's property or money without violence
fee splitting
the practice of sharing fees with colleagues especially for making referrals
litigation
the process of taking a lawsuit through the courts
symptomatic treatment
therapy for symptoms of a disease or condition that does not remove the disease itself
palliative treatment
therapy that reduces the effects of a disease or condition but does not remove the disease itself
what function do ego defense mechanisms serve?
they protect against being overwhelmed by painful feelings
why should doorways in the medical office be at least three feet wide?
this is required by the Americans with Disabilities Act so that patients in wheelchairs have access
what is the typical personal distance or comfort zone for conversation with others?
three to four feet
what is one important reason for medical assistant to study
to develop the intellectual skills to analyze complex problems
what is an example of an important character trait for a medical assistant to have?
tolerance of different beliefs and attitudes
what branch of law compensates individuals for an injury?
tort law
Curative treatment
treatment that cures disease
ego defense mechanism
unconscious mental process that offers psychological protection
what is repression?
unconsciously excluding unacceptable ideas impulses or emotions from awareness
what is projection?
unconsciously identifying thoughts or feelings as originating in someone else when they really are the one's own thoughts and feelings
what is denial?
unconsciously refusing to acknowledge something that is difficult to accept
informed consent is consent based on?
understanding of a medical procedure and it's possible outcomes
if a patient is not comfortable with English what should the medical assistant avoid?
using the patient's child as a translator
the expectation of truthfulness by all healthcare workers is called?
veracity
when were the medical assistant used closed questions?
when looking for one word or short answer
when is it appropriate for the medical assistant to use silence in an interview with a patient?
when the medical assistant wants to encourage the patient to speak more