Topic 3: Integumentary System
The average adult body has ____ square feet of skin.
21.5
integumentary system includes the ___, ______, ______, _____, and ________.
skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands
The epidermis is made up of ____ cells, a flat, scaly layer of cells.
squamous epithelium
The top sublayer of epidermis is called ____.
stratum corneum
The bottom layer of the epidermis is called ______. This is where new cells are produced and pushed to the stratum corneum. It is a nonvascular layer of skin.
stratum germinativum
Collagen is a protein substance that is very tough, yet flexible. When collagen fibers stretch they form _____________ (aka stretch marks)
striae
The ______ layer is the layer between the dermis and the body's inner organs.
subcutaneous layer
What is the layer below the dermis?
subcutaneous layer
What layer of skin contains fatty tissue?
subcutaneous layer or hypodermis
Which glands are found almost everywhere on the body surface?
sweat
hidr/o
sweat
Hair serves to _____ and ______ the areas it covers.
cushion and protect
The excretion of sweat is called ____.
diaphoresis
xer/o
dry
xeroderma
dryness of skin
Small sweat glands found on many places of the body that excrete colorless fluid that keeps the body at a constant temp are called ____________ glands.
eccrine
The skin has 3 main layers: the _____, _____, and _____.
epidermis dermis subcutaneous or hypodermis
Term for the removal of hair from the root
epilation
adiposis
excessive accumulation of body fat
What are the glands that secrete outward toward the surface of the body through ducts?
exocrine
steat/o
fat
adip/o
fatty
lip/o
fatty
ichty/o
fish, scaly
myc/o
fungus
pil/o
hair
trich/o
hair
Hair grows upward from the root through the __________.
hair follicle
In regards to hair: the ________ protrudes from the skin and the ________ lies beneath the surface of the skin.
hair shaft hair root
kerat/o
horny tissue
dermatitis
inflammation in the skin
steatitis
inflammation of fatty tissue
disease of the hair
trichopathy
Secretions exit the skin through _____.
pores
Sweat is composed of ____ and _____.
water sodium chloride
xanth/o
yellow
hidrosis
production and excretion of sweat
Hair shaft is composed of outer layers of ______ cells filled with inner layers of soft and hard ________.
scaly keratin
What glands located in the dermins secrete an oily substance that lubricates and protects the skin (aka skin barrier)
sebaceous
What oily substance is secrete to lubricate and protect the skin? (skin barrier)
sebum
seb/o
sebum
What determines the texture/shape of hair?
shape of the follicle
What is the largest organ in the body?
skin
cutan/o
skin
dermat/o
skin
pilocystic
skin cyst with hair
keratosis
skin lesion covered by a horny layer of tissue
melan/o
black, dark
______ gland are specialized glands in the surface of the ear that secrete cerumen, a waxy substance that lubricates the ear.
ceruminous
The dermis contains connective tissue that is primarily composed of ___________ fibers that form a strong elastic network.
collagen
What is the waxy substance that protects and lubricates the ear?
Cerumen
True or false: All parts of the body's skin contain all of the sublayers of epidermis.
False
What does the integumentary system do for the body?
covers and protects regulate temp excrete waste Synthesize vit D Sense pain and sensation
What is keratin?
a waterproof barrier that keeps moisture in and microorganisms out
The subcutaneous layer consists of ________ tissue and some layers of fibrous tissue.
adipose
mycosis
any skin condition caused by fungus
Nails are plates made of hard _______ that cover the dorsal surface of the distal bone of fingers and toes.
keratin
At the base of most nails, there's a whitish half moon that is called the ______.
lunula
rubella
measles
Hair color is determined by the presence of _____________.
melanin
Cells that produce melanin are called __________.
melanocytes
Gray hair occurs when?
melanocytes stop producing melanin
onych/o
nail
incision into the nail
onychotomy
The epidermis is the ________ layer of skin and ranges from ______ to ____ of an inch thick. It consists of several _____.
outer 1/20, 1/200 strata
infection on skin from insect
pediculosis