Topic 3 Review: Challenges in the Late 1800s

"I love to roam over the prairies.. . . . [B]ut when I go down to the river I see camps of soldiers on its banks. These soldiers cut down my timber; they kill my buffalo. . . . We have to protect ourselves. We have to save our country. We have to fight for what is ours."—Chief Satanta In this quote, Chief Satanta is explaining how important the buffalo herds were to Native Americans. how the white men ruined the Native Americans' way of life. why the Native Americans resisted the white men. the Native Americans' view on nature and spirituality.

C.

Which type of people were most likely to support the Populist Party in the 1890s? small farmers railroad workers immigrants cattle ranchers

A

"There are three great crops raised in Nebraska. One is the crop of corn, one a crop of freight rates, and one a crop of interest. One is produced by farmers who sweat and toil to farm the land. The other two are produced by men who sit in their offices and behind their bank counters and farm the farmers."—Farmers' Alliance, 1890 What opinion does this quote imply? Farmers are unfairly exploited by businessmen. Railroads are necessary to the farming industry. Significant economic disparity exists in Nebraska. Transportation and commerce help Nebraska's economy.

A.

How did the 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act affect Chinese immigrants? The act banned any new Chinese laborers from entering the United States. The act forced all Asians who were not of Chinese descent to leave the United States. The act excluded Chinese immigrants from certain privileges and duties of citizenship. The act forced all people of Chinese descent to leave the United States.

A.

How was William Jennings Bryan different from the majority of other presidential candidates of the era? He toured the nation, doing his own campaigning. He pledged to lead a corruption-free administration. He came from an impoverished rural background. He argued against the gold standard, supporting silver instead.

A.

The U.S. government outlawed practices such as this traditional Native American ceremony in order to weaken tribal cultures and encourage assimilation. prevent conflict between rival tribes. make it more difficult for Native Americans to enter mainstream society. make reservations more hospitable for land speculators.

A.

Why was sod a common building material for homesteaders in the Great Plains? It was readily available in the Great Plains. It insulated houses better than lumber. It kept houses clean during dust storms. It stood up well to the harsh Great Plains blizzards.

A.

"The white tenant lives adjoining the colored tenant. . . . They are equally burdened with heavy taxes. They pay the same high rent. . . . They pay the same enormous prices for farm supplies. . . . Now the People's Party says to these two men, 'You are kept apart that you may be separately fleeced of your earnings. . . You are deceived and blinded that you may not see how this race antagonism perpetuates a monetary system which beggars both.'"—Thomas Watson, "The Negro Question in the South," 1892 Which argument is Thomas Watson making in this quote? Racial equality would have a negative impact on the South. The People's Party supports segregation while assisting people of both races. Conflict between the races has made it more difficult to achieve economic justice for the poor. In legal terms, blacks and poor whites in the South are treated equally.

.

"Our country finds itself confronted by conditions for which there is not precedent in the history of the world; our annual agricultural productions amount to billions of dollars in value, which must, within a few weeks or months, be exchanged for billions of dollars' worth of commodities consumed in their production; the existing currency supply is wholly inadequate to make this exchange; the results are falling prices, the formation of combines and rings, the impoverishment of the producing class. We pledge ourselves that if given power we will labor to correct these evils by wise and reasonable legislation, in accordance with the terms of our platform. . . ."—Preamble, Populist Party Platform What solution did the Populists propose to solve the problem of crop prices not meeting their cost of production? lifting tariffs on imports to encourage lower prices minting silver coinage to increase inflation granting government control of the railroads implementing a graduated income tax

B.

Circle chart McKinley carried larger states, while Bryan carried smaller ones. McKinley carried states with large numbers of electoral votes. Bryan carried Southern states, while McKinley carried those in the North. A state's electoral votes are not entirely dependent on its population.

B.

What conflict arose between farmers and ranchers settling western lands? Grazing cattle damaged growing crops of nearby farms. Farmers demanded water rights from ranchers. Ranchers and miners used more water than allowed by local contracts. Growing crops depleted available land for grazing.

B.

What step did the Populist Party support to reduce the cost of railroad shipping? having unions control the railroads having the national government control the railroads having states control the railroads having the Populist Party control the railroads

B.

"If they dare to come out in the open field and defend the gold standard as a good thing, we shall fight them to the uttermost, having behind us the producing masses of the nation and the world. Having behind us the commercial interests and the laboring interests and all the toiling masses, we shall answer their demands for a gold standard by saying to them, you shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns. You shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold." —William Jennings Bryan, "Cross of Gold" speech Whom does Bryan refer to when he speaks of "the producing masses"? owners of factories and other centers of production bankers and others who support businesses that produce things laborers, farmers, and others who are directly involved in producing goods and services political leaders who support businesses that produce things

C.

"If you strike off into the broad, free West, and make yourself a farm from Uncle Sam's generous domain, you will crowd nobody, starve nobody, and neither you nor your children need evermore beg. . . ."—Horace Greeley, New York Tribune, February 5, 1867 In this quote, Horace Greeley is criticizing the urban poor for being burdens. analyzing the advantages of the Western frontier. ignoring the existence of Native Americans on the Great Plains. warning potential settlers of the dangers of the West.

C.

How did the federal government affect the practice of mining in the West? It enacted stricter laws for water usage and land reclamation. It instituted a high tax on all mined materials. It provided land and patents for new inventions for large mining companies. It called for higher populations of Mexican and Chinese immigrants to enter the nation.

C.

President Grant is remembered as a corrupt president because he appointed his relatives and friends to important positions. was not supported by his own party on grounds of campaign corruption. allowed members of his administration to engage in corruption. plundered millions of dollars from New York's city treasury

C.

What conflict arose between farmers and ranchers settling western lands? Grazing cattle damaged growing crops of nearby farms. Growing crops depleted available land for grazing. Farmers demanded water rights from ranchers. Ranchers and miners used more water than allowed by local contracts.

C.

What does this political cartoon suggest about William Jennings Bryan? He is trying to destroy the Democratic Party so that the Republican Party can advance. He is a former Democrat who has betrayed the Democratic Party. He is a Populist who is trying to overwhelm and absorb the Democratic Party. He is a corrupt politician who will do whatever it takes to advance the Democratic Party.

C.

"I was not hostile to the white man... We preferred our own way of living. We were no expense to the government then. All we wanted was peace and to be left alone. Soldiers were sent out in the winter, who destroyed our villages. Then 'Long Hair' [Custer] came in the same way. They say we massacred him, but he would have done the same to us had we not defended ourselves and fought to the last. Our first impulse was to escape with our squaws and papooses, but we were so hemmed in that we had to fight. ... I came here with the agent [Lee] to talk with the big white chief, but was not given a chance. They tried to confine me, I tried to escape, and a soldier ran his bayonet into me. I have spoken." —Crazy Horse Based on this text, what would Crazy Horse have thought of Manifest Destiny? He would have supported the goals of Manifest Destiny, but not the way it was carried out. He would have thought that Manifest Destiny did not affect his people. He would have supported the goals of those who believed in Manifest Destiny. He would have opposed the goals of those who believed in Manifest Destiny.

D

In this political cartoon, the large figures standing in the back of the room represent politicians. the states. unions. monopolies.

D.

What was the primary effect of Native Americans being confined to reservations? They were given access to improved healthcare facilities and schools. They received education and religious teaching from settlers. The conflict between Native Americans and settlers decreased. Their nomadic way of life was increasingly restricted.

D.