Transtheoretical model/ stages of change

stages of change theory

* conceptualizes behavior change as an ongoing process * suggests that people move through a series of five "stages" when changing a behavior or adopting a health promoting behavior

characteristics of maintenance

* continuation of change, not the absence of change * trying to avoid "slipping" back into past behavioral patterns * changed behavior is becoming a part of daily living

moving contemplation to preparation

* identify and reinforce positive beliefs * identify and address concerns and perceived barriers * provide or suggest resources for learning more about the solutions * ask them to imagine themselves after they'd changed the behavior, and discuss their thoughts and feelings about it

characteristics of precontemplation

* may be unaware of his/her problem * may see no reason for changing * lacks motivation to change

characteristics of action

* person taking concrete steps to enact change * efforts to change are often more visible to others * efforts to change get more attention from others

characteristics of preparation

* pros of changing outweigh the cons * usually has made some small changes in the previous year * thinking about how to change the behavior

action

person is changing the behavior to address the problem

preparation

person is intending to take action in the near future

maintenance

person is sustaining a change already made and preventing relapse

moving action to maintenance

* provide both tangible and emotional reiforcement and rewards * teach relapse prevention and coping skills * teach stimulus avoidance and control * teach relaxation techniques * remind them of positive outcomes they've achieved

avoiding relapses with maintenance

* provide both tangible and emotional reinforcement and rewards * teach relapse prevention and coping skills * teach stimulus avoidance and control * teach relaxation techniques * remind them of positive outcomes they've achieved

move from precontemplation to contemplation

* raise consciousness, provide info about problem * encourage expression of feelings about the problem and solutions * show how the behavior may affect others around them * show the pros of changing outweigh the cons * identify things that motivate them and build on these

moving preparation to action

* teach specific skills * teach coping strategies * help develop a plan of action * enhance self-efficacy * understand motives (internal vs external)

characteristics of contemplation

* thinking about the problem and the solution * weighing the pros and cons of changing * know what they want to do, but aren't ready to start yet

10 Processes of Change

1. Consciousness raising 2. Dramatic relief 3. Self-evaluation 4. Environmental re-evaluation 5. Self-liberation 6. Social Liberation 7. Counterconditioning 8. Contingency management 9. Stimulus control 10. Helping relationships

name the 5 stages of change

1. Precontemplation 2. Contemplation 3. Preparation 4. Action 5. Maintenance

precontemplation

Person has no intention of changing behavior in the foreseeable future

Contemplation

Person is aware that a problem exists and is seriously thinking about changing