UNCG MST 100- Test 3

Listservs

An Internet discussion group made up of subscribers that use e-mail to exchange messages between members of the group

Corporation for Public Broadcasting

A nonprofit organization dedicated to offering educational television programming; created in 1967

Broadcast netowks

ABC, CBS, NBC, Fox, WB, ION are all examples of what?

Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers

AMPTP union that represents producers

Camera operator

Actually operates the camera

Production

Actually shooting the motion picture

Persistence of vision

An image is retained on the retina for a fraction of a second, blending one image into another

"Blockbuster" era

In 1975, "Jaws" created this summer phenomenon. It is successjon of big-budget films with very wide release. In 2015, "Star Wars: Episode VII" had biggest box office to date

From analog to digital

In 2010, all television broadcast signals were forced to change from what electronic system to a new one?

Best Boy Grip

Manages to day to day operation and oversees the rest of the grips

"The Great Train Robbery"

Film that has groundbreaking effects of projection and editing. They colored each slide by hand, called tinting. It was the first narrative film for that time, and it established basic film storytelling conventions, including development of editing.

Audience research

Asking the public about what they think of a film; allowing them to see it first and then giving them a survey. It can affect how the final product turns out because certain parts might be changed based on how the surveyed audience reacts.

Second assistant director

Assists 1st AD and directs the background actors

Motion Picture Production Code

Birthed in the 1920's; Hays Code. It attempted to avoid local censorship rules, and had strict rules on sex, profanity, and violence.it failed because in the 1960's, movies were released with code approval. MPAA also caused the code to fail because it launched the movie-rating system in 1968.

Nielsen Media Research

Company that provides television audience ratings data

Warner Brothers Studios

First "sync" sound film was made here.

Motion Picture Patents Company

Comprised of companies that held patents to the motion camera equipment. Tried to make sure that no independent filmmakers could make movies. Independent filmmakers moved to Los Angeles, California area to get away from this group.

"The Jazz Singer"

First "sync" sound film; was with Warner Bros.

Vertical integration

Control by the studios of production, distribution, and exhibition

Director of photography (DP)

Crafts the look of the film in collaboration with the director, using lenses, lighting, and camera movement. May or may not operate the camera.

"Birth of a Nation"

Created the feature-length film (epic). This film had highly controversial content.

Directors Guild of America

DGA union

Best Boy Electric

Day to day management and hiring of the lighting crew; in control of renting, ordering, inventory, and returning of lighting equipment.

Pentagon's Advanced Research Projects Agency

Department of the US government that initially developed the Internet.

Epics

Developed because of the possibilities due to CinemaScope; thousands of extras in "Ben Hur" and "Ten Commandments"

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

Development by Bob Kahn and Vint Cerf that allows computers to exchange data and communicate with one another

Cable networks

ESPN, HGTV, Bravo, etc. are all examples of what?

Community Antenna Television (CATV)

Early form of cable television used to distribute broadcast channels in communities with poor television reception

Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS)

Early satellite TV required large/expensive dish. This smaller, pizza-sized contraption was cheaper, easier to use than older systems; competing with cable.

Post-production

Editing, addition of CGI effects, addition of music, foley, etc.

Will Hays

First president of the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America who created a set of content guidelines to avoid public censorship of motion pictures.

United States vs. Paramount

Found the studios in violation of anti-trust laws and made them sell off the theaters they owned. It changed the way Hollywood movies were produced, distributed, and exhibited.

Distribution

Getting the motion pictures to where they can be accessed by audiences

Dolly grip

Grips who are operating the camera dolly

Premium channels

HBO, Showtime are examples of what?

Craft services

Has snacks available throughout the day while shooting a film

Gaffer

Head of lighting department; sometimes called the lighting designer

Sound mixer

Head of sound department; responsible for recording all the location's sound in the production.

Property master

Head of the properties department; in charge of items that actors interact with that are not part of the scenery.

Production designer

Heads the art department; works with the director and director of photography to figure out the look of the production from the sets, costumes, and props.

Filmed, not live; multi-camera with a live audience

How did Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz change the way situation comedies were shot?

Concessions

How do theaters make most of their profits?

International Alliance of Theatrical and Stage Employees

IATSE union

International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers

IBEW union

Edwin Porter

In 1903, this man directed "The Great Train Robbery."

D.W. Griffith

In 1915, this man directed "Birth of a Nation." The era of movie stars started under him.

Boom operator

In charge of operating the microphone boom

Eadward Muybridge

In the 1870's and 80's, this man captured motion by photographing a horse with all four of its hooves on the grojnd

Thomas Edison and William Dickson

In the late 1880's, these men invented the kinetoscope

Out of sequence

In what order are films shot?

Acacemic

Internet's primary early use

Vladimir Zworykin

Invented the iconoscope; RCA attempted to promote him as the inventor of TV.

Production

Making the motion pictures

Location manager

Manage locations and permits for production

Internet

Mass medium incorporating elements of interpersonal, group, and mass communications. A diverse set of independent networks, interlinked to provide its users with the appearance of a single, uniform network.

General audiences

Meaning of "G" rating

No one under age 17 admitted

Meaning of "NC-17" rating

Parental guidance suggested

Meaning of "PG" rating

Parents strongly cautioned

Meaning of "PG-13" rating

Restricted

Meaning of "R" rating

Exhibition

Motion picture screenings for audiences

Cord cutting and streaming

New technologies affecting the business model and future of television

Grip

Non-electrical components of lighting

Above the line

Non-technical creative costs such as salary for producers, directors, writers, talent, as well as script acquisition costs.

Pay-per-view

One has to pay to watch things on these channels

Unit production manager

Overseas the day to day operations, including time cards, reviewing the production reports, and approving calls sheets

Transportation coordinator

Oversees drivers who transport film companies to and from certain locations

Rating point

Percentage of potential television audience actually watching the show

Share

Percentage of television sets in use tuned to a show

Limited partnership

Producer seeks outside investors who agree to provide funds in return for the motion picture profits.

First run syndication

Programs seen on the local stations for the first time

Off-net syndication

Programs which originally ran on networks-reruns

Public Broadcasting System (PBS)

Provides network-like programming to member stations. Initially known for children's programming like "Sesame Street"; in the 1990's, this expanded audience with programming like Ken Burns documentaries.

Local-access channels

Public, Governmental and Education Access are all examples of what?

Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America

Represented the major motion picture studios of the time. Will Hays ran it in the beginning. It created a Production Code in 1930, dictating what could and could not be shown or said in motion pictures.

Director

Responsible for all of the film's artistic and dramatic aspects. There can only be one person filling this position at a time, unless there is a directing team.

Screen Actors Guild/American Federation of Television and Radio Artists

SAG/AFTRA union

Pre-production

Script acquisition, hiring, location selection, script break-downs

Producer

Selects the script, hires talent, raises money, organizes distribution. Champion of the film from beginning to ending.

Call sheet

Shows crew positions, and who's who on a film or television set

The pick-up

Studio distributing the picture provides a document guaranteeing they will distribute it. Producers go out to bank to get loans.

Distributor financed

Studio distributing the picture provides the upfront financing

AT&T, Dish Network

Two major DBS providers

International Brotherhood of Teamsters

Teamsters union

Below the ljne

Technical creative costs such as salary for the crew, equipment rental, film costs, insurance

96.5%

Television is found in what percentage of American homes?

The Blacklist

The HUAC held a hearing on Communist influences in Hollywood. The Hollywood Ten resisted testifying, and so they were jailed. By 1953, as many as 324 were shunned, including many prominent screenwriters. This continued until 1960, when Hollywood Ten member Dalton Trumbo was hired to write "Spartacus, Exodus."

Joint venture

Two studios join forces to finance a motion picture. Share production and distribution responsibilities.

Uniform resource locator (URL)

The address of the content placed on the Web

ABC, CBS, CW, Fox, Ion, My Network, NBC

The current seven broadcast television networks

90/10 deal

The film exhibitor deducts the house allowance for operating expenses, plus a sum that is pure profit, and then sends the remaining money to the distributor.

Sliding scale

The first arrangement between film distributors and exhibitors. The film exhibitor agrees to pay the distributor based on the box office revenue, such that as the box office revenue increases, so does the amount that is paid to the distributor.

The "nut"

The house allowance for operating expenses

Mobile devices

The larges change in people's use of the Internet since 2014; going from "always on" to "anytime-anywhere" access

Hypertext markup language (html)

The programming language used to describe the content on Web pages

Percentage split

The second arrangement between film distributors and exhibitors. The film distributor and the exhibitor reach an agreement in which the box office receipts are shared according to an agreed upon percentage, such as 50/50 the first week, 60/40 the second, and so on.

Hypertext transfer protocol (http)

The standard set of rules for sending web content over the Internet

Charlie Chaplin, Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks

The three "stars" that were involved with the founding of United Artists Studio

Pre-production, production, post-production

The three stages of the motion picture production process

Block booking

Theaters had to show "B" movies in order to show "A" movies

George and Noble Johnson

These men were the first African American filmmakers. They made "The Realization of a Negro's Ambition" in response to "Birth of a Nation" in 1916.

Philo T. Farnsworth

This man diagramed plans for television at age 16. In 1930, he received the patent for the cathode ray tube.

Ted Turner

This man is a cable pioneer. In 1963, he inherited a failing billboard company from his father. In 1970, he bought Channel 17 in Atlanta, and bought the Atlanta Braves and Hawks sports franchises to provide programming for the channel. This turned Channel 17 into Superstation WTBS in 1976, taking the local station national. In 1980, CNN became the first cable 24-hour news network, which he founded. He developed the idea of repackaging content across multiple channels.

Kinetoscope

Thomas Edison's electronically operated peephole viewer

Production assistants

Those who assist on set, in the office, etc.

Production, distribution, exhibition

Three areas into which the motion picture industry is organized

True

True or false: by 1953, movie ticket sales dropped from 80 million sold per week to 46 million, due to television.

Peoplemeters

Used in larger markets; sweeps periods used to measure audience size of individual statuons

Writers Guild of America

WGA union

Superstations

WTBS and WGN are examples of what?

House Un-American Activities Committee

What does the HUAC stand for?

Phi phenomenon

When one light source goes out and another one close by lights up, it appears to be that the light moves

First assistant director

Works on scheduling production; in charge of the day to day operation of filming and running the floor. Must have an authoritative personality.