Unit 1 Biology

Cells can generate as many as 36 to 28 molecules of ATP from the metabolism of one molecule of glucose. Which cellular process results in this amount of ATP production?

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

The combined observations of Mattias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann and Rudolph Virchow resulted in the formation of the cell theory. Which of the following is NOT part of the cell theory?

All cells contain a nucleus

In a study of physical endurance, researchers observed significant increases in the heart rates and breathing rates of participants immediately after they engaged in strenuous exercise. Which statement best explains the increase in the heart rate and the breathing rate during exercise?

Body cells require increased oxygen as energy is expended

Diatoms are one of the most common types of phytoplankton in marine habitats. Like plants, diatoms contain chlorophyll and produce glucose from which of the following?

CO2 and H2O

Dak took the notes shown below while learning about cells. * Forms boundary between a cell and the outside environment. * Controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell. * Consists of double layer of phospholipids He forgot to write the name of the cell structure that his class was studying that day. What structure is described in his notes?

Cell membrane

Cell theory was first proposed in 1838. Evidence obtained through additional scientific investigations resulted in the current cell theory. Which statement describes a component of theorgiinal cell theory that was removed because of the new scientific knowledge.

Cells from through spontaneous generation

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both involve the use and release of gases. Which statement correctly identifies the role of gases in the two processes?

Cellular respiration uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, while photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.

Some components of cells are listed below: 1. Cytoplasm 2. Nucleus 3. Chloroplasts 4. Cell Wall 5. Cell membrane Which of the components could be observed using a microscope in a prepared slide of leaf epidermal cells but not in a prepared slide of human cheek cells?

Components 3 and 4 only

Scientists publish the details of important experiments so that

their work can be repeated, their experimental procedures can be reviewed, others can try to reproduce the results

When enough experimental data support a hypothesis, the hypothesis becomes a (an)

theory

Which statement accurately describes the energy needs for photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Solar energy is needed for photosynthesis, and chemical energy in the form of glucose is needed for cellular respiration.

The graphs show the reaction rate for an enzyme across a range of temperatures and pH. graph.png Based on these data, this enzyme functions best at what temperature and pH?

Temperature of 37C and a pH of 6

Enzymes are proteins that have a three-dimensional shape that is specific for a particular substrate. Environmental conditions can change the shape of the protein. What is the most likely result if the shape of the enzyme changes?

The enzyme will no longer be able to catalyze the reaction with the substrate.

You suggest that the presence of water could accelerate the growth of bread mold. This is a

hypothesis

In science, a hypothesis is useful only if

it can be tested

An advertisement for a health supplement for dogs claims to build lean muscle and strengthen tendons and ligaments, as well as provide energy. Which two biomolecules must the supplement contain to provide these benefits?

proteins and carbohydrates

The statement "the worm is 2cm long" is a

quantitative observation

The cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide to pass through. Because other substances are blocked from entering, this membrane is called:

semi-permeable

You have been injured in the laboratory (cut, burn, etc.). First you should -----

tell the science instructor at once

Which of these is NOT an example of a qualitative

The pencil measured 9 cm.

Which statement best describes the relationship between the products of photosynthesis and the reactants in cellular respiration?

The products of photosynthesis serve as the reactants in cellular respiration to provide chemical energy.

Information gathered from observing a plant that grows 3 cm over a two-week period results in

data

Carbohydrates are more easily metabolized than lipids. However, on a gram-for-gram basis lipids provide cells with more

energy