Unit 2 Review Questions

Which of the following factors does NOT affect membrane permeability to ions or molecules? A. electrical charge of ions or molecules B. presence of channel proteins C. lipid-solubility of ions or molecules D. molecule size E. all these affect permeability

All of them affect permeability.....E

Cell membranes are polarized, with relatively more _________ on the inner surface and more ___________ on the outer surface. A. anions; cations B. anions; proteins C. cations; anions D. glycolipids; proteins E. phospholipids; fatty acids

Anions; Cations....A

The net movement of solute molecules from a region of higher concentration into one of lower concentration is best described as: A. facilitated diffusion B. active transport C. diffusion D. osmosis E. two of these

Diffusion...C

The pancreas secretes the hormone insulin into the blood as an ________ gland and secretes digestive enzymes into a duct as an ________ gland. A. holocrine; apocrine B. merocrine; holocrine C. endocrine; exocrine D. exocrine; endocrine E. sebaceous; sudoriferous

Endocrine; Exocrine...C

Glands associated with hair follicles that secrete oily sebum are _______________ glands called _______________. A. exocrine; sebaceous glands B. exocrine; eccrine glands C. exocrine; apocrine sweat glands D. endocrine; ceruminous glands E. endocrine; sebaceous glands

Exocrine; Sebaceous Glands...A

The transport of a certain molecule exhibits the following characteristics: (1) The molecule moves down its concentration gradient; (2) A carrier protein is involved; and (3) No energy is expended by the cell during transport. Which transport process is occurring? A. active transport B. facilitated diffusion C. receptor-mediated endocytosis D. phagocytosis E. osmosis

Facilitated Diffusion...B

Tissue that provides padding for shock absorption within the knee joint is: A. adipose tissue B. elastic cartilage C. fibrocartilage D. reticular tissue E. stratified squamous epithelium

Fibrocartilage...C

A chromosome consists of two sister chromatids during: A. G0 phase B. G1 phase C. G2 phase D. anaphase E. telophase

G2 phase...C

Goblet cells produce and secrete mucus. Which of the following organelles packages mucus for transport to the cell surface for secretion? A. lysosomes B. microtubules C. mitochondria D. Golgi apparatus E. peroxisomes

Golgi Apparatus....D

The solution in Question 4 is ____________________ to red blood cells. A. hydrophobic B. hydrostatic C. hypotonic D. hypertonic E. isotonic

Hypotonic...C

Which of the following is false? The sodium-potassium pump.... a. Helps establish a chemical (concentration) gradient b. Helps establish an electrical gradient c. Is and antiport d. Is an example of facilitated diffusion e. Is a mechanism of primary active transport

Is an example of facilitated diffusion...D The sodium potassium pump is an example of Active Transport. More specifically its an example of Primary Active Transport.

What happens to a cell that is placed in a hypertonic solution? A. nothing B. it gains water and swells C. it loses water and shrivels D. the cell secretes protein E. two of these

It loses water and shrivels...C

Macrophages (cells that engulf bacteria) have an abundance of ____________________ to aid in intracellular digestion. A. ribosomes B. lysosomes C. centrosomes D. Golgi E. E.R.

Lysosomes...B

Which of the following processes reduces chromosome number from diploid (2n) to haploid (n)? A. fertilization B. meiosis I C. meiosis II D. mitosis E. all of the above

Meiosis I....B

Which of the following processes removes cholesterol from blood by binding lipoproteins (which contain cholesterol) at the plasma membrane and transporting them into cells? A. exocytosis B. phagocytosis C. osmosis D. pinocytosis E. receptor-mediated endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis... E Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a mechanism for targeting and concentrating specific substances (e.g. cholesterol bound to lipoproteins) into a cell.

Connective tissue that is found as the supporting framework of soft organs such as the lymph nodes: A. dense regular B. elastic cartilage C. fibrocartilage D. areolar E. reticular

Reticular...E

Which of the following organelles does not have phospholipids as part of its structure? a. Lysosomes b. Golgi Apparatus c. Endoplasmic Reticulum d. Ribosomes e. Mitochondria

Ribosomes...D ribosomes only have rRNA and protein as part of their structure. Lysosomes, Golgi apparatus, ER, and Mitochondria all have phospholipids.

An individual suffers a burn that results in blistering and considerable pain at the site of the injury. The burn would be classified as a: A. first-degree burn B. second-degree burn C. third-degree burn D. fourth-degree burn E. fifth-degree burn

Second degree burn......B

Which of the following tissues is under voluntary control by the nervous system? A. osseous tissue B. smooth muscle C. cardiac muscle D. skeletal muscle E. all of the above

Skeletal Muscle...D

A microscopic examination of a sample of skin tissue reveals an abnormal growth of keratinocytes in superficial layers of the epidermis. The abnormal cells have failed to undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death). Deeper layers of the epidermis appear normal. Which type of skin cancer is most likely? A. squamous cell carcinoma B. basal cell carcinoma C. lymphoma D. melanoma E. sarcoma

Squamous Cell Carcinoma...A

Examination of a sample of glandular cells reveals an extensive network of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Which of the following would be a likely product of the smooth ER in these cells? A. digestive enzymes B. protein hormones C. steroid hormones D. transport proteins E. all of the above

Steroid Hormones...C

Epithelial tissue that comprises the epidermis: A. pseudostratified columnar epithelium B. stratified squamous epithelium C. simple columnar epithelium D. simple cuboidal epithelium E. transitional epithelium

Stratified Squamous Epithelium.... B

Which layer of the epidermis most actively undergoes mitosis? A. stratum spinosum B. stratum granulosum C. stratum lucidum D. stratum basale E. stratum corneum

Stratum Basale...D

Which of the following connective tissues can be found in the dermis? A. areolar B. dense irregular C. stratified squamous D. all of the above E. two of the above

Two of the above. -Dense irregular(B) -Areolar (A)

The solute concentration inside red blood cells is about 1%. Placing red blood cells in a 0.1% solution will cause: A. crenation B. no net movement of water C. water to leave the cells D. water to enter the cells E. two of these

Water enters the cell...D

Which is the best definition of osmosis? A. Movement of gas molecules from an area of their higher concentration to an area of their lower concentration. B. Movement of gas molecules from an area of their lower concentration to an area of their higher concentration. C. Movement of a substance against its concentration gradient through the release of energy from ATP. D. Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher solute concentration to an area of lower solute concentration. E. Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Water is moved through a semipermeable membrane from low to high concentration...E