Unit 3: Ch 4 Study Guide Exam 1

The leading cause of unintentional injury and death in children in this country is due to ________

Drowning

The nurse is observing a 3 year old boy in a daycare center. Which behavior might suggest and emotional problem?

A. Has persistent separation anxiety

The nurse is assessing a 3 year old child. The nurse notes the child is able to understand that objects hidden from sight still exist. The nurse correctly documents the child is displaying:

A. Object permanence

Dietary fiber

Applesauce, carrots, corn, green beans

Vitamin A

Apricots, cantaloupe, carrots, sweet potatoes

Explain the care for the toddler's teeth and gums. How does the care change after the child reaches the age of 2 years?

At the age of 1, every child should have an initial dental visit. To prevent the development of dental caries children should be weaned by 15 months of age. in addition, the use of sippy cups should be limited. Cleaning of the toddler's teeth should progress from brushing simply with water to using a very small pea-sized amount of fluoridated toothpaste with brushing beginning at age 2.

Folate

Avocados, broccoli, green peas, dark greens

The nurse is assessing a 2 year old boy during a well-child visit. The nurse correctly identifies the child's current stage of Erikson's growth and development as:

B. Autonomy versus shame and doubt

The parents of a 2 year old girl are concerned with her behavior. For which behavior would the nurse share their concern?

B. Frequently babbles to herself when playing

The nurse is teaching a mother of a 1 year old girl about weaning her from the bottle and breast. Which recommendation should be part of the nurse's plan?

B. Give the child an iron-fortified cereal

The nurse is teaching a first-time mother with a 14 month old boy about child safety. Which is the most effective overall safety information to provide guidance for the mother?

B. Never let him out of your sight when outdoors

Vitamin C

Broccoli, oranges, strawberries, tomatoes

The parents of an overweight 2 year old boy admit that their child is a bit "chubby", but argue that he is a picky eater who will eat only junk food. Which response by the nurse is best to facilitate a healthier diet?

C. Give him more healthy choices with less junk food available

The nurse is discussing sensory development with the mother of a 2 year old boy. Which parental comment suggests the child may have a sensory problem?

C. He doesn't respond if I wave to him

The nurse is assessing the language development of a 3 year old girl. Which finding would suggest a problem?

C. Speaks in 2 to 3 word sentences

Discuss the changes in the genitourinary system in the toddler that allow for readiness for toilet training?

Changes in anatomy of the toddler's genitourinary system make toilet training possible. The kidney functions reach adult levels between 16 and 24 months of age. The bladder is able to hold urine for increased periods of time.

The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parents of an 18 month old girl. Which recommendation should be the most helpful to the parents?

D. Describing proper behavior when she misbehaves

The parents of a 3 year old boy have asked the nurse for advice about a preschool for their child. Which suggestion is most important for the nurse to make?

D. The staff should be trained in early childhood development

The nurse is discussing the activities of a 20 month old child with his mother. The mother reports the children of her friends seem to have more advanced speech abilities than her child. After assessing the child, which finding is cause for follow up?

D. Understands approximately 200 words

Ritualism

Familiar routine that provides structure and security for the toddler

Individuation

Internalizing a sense of self and one's environment

When ________ of the spinal cord is achieved around age 2 years, the toddler is capable of exercising voluntary control over the sphincters

Myelinization

During the _______ stage of development, according to Piaget, children begin to become more sophisticated with symbolic thought

Preoperational

Discuss ways to prevent temper tantrums in toddlers

Prevention is best concerning temper tantrums. Fatigue or hunger may limit the toddler's coping abilities, so adhering to reasonable food and sleep schedules help prevent tantrums. When parent's note the beginnings of frustrations during activities, friendly warnings, distractions, refocusing, or removal from the situation may prevent the tantrum.

The ability to understand what is being said or asked is called _______ language

Receptive

Echolalia

Repetition of words and phrases without understanding

Regression

Returning to a prior developmental stage

Egocentrism

Self-interest due to an inability to focus on another's perspective

Toddlers generally have a swayback appearance. What is the underlying cause of this manifestation?

The abdominal musculature is weak in the young toddler. This causes a pot-bellied appearance. In addition the child appears sway-backed. As the muscles mature, this resolves.

Describe appropriate discipline for a toddler

Toddler discipline should focus on clear limit setting, consistency, negotiation, and techniques to assist the toddler to learn problem solving. Positive reinforcement should be used as much as possible while avoiding spanking and other forms of corporal punishment

The ______ remains short in both the male and female toddler, making them more susceptible to urinary tract infections compared to adults

Urethra

Place the following descriptions of expressive language in the order the toddler will display them

Uses a finger to point to things Babbles in what sounds like sentences Uses primarily descriptive words (hungry, hot) Talks about something that happened in the past

The mother of an 18 month old girl voices concerns about her child's social skills. She reports that the child does not play well with others and seems to ignore other children who are playing at the same time. What response by the nurse is indicated?

A. It is normal for children to engage in play alongside other children at this age

The nurse is observing a 36 month old boy during a well-visit. Which motor skill has he most recently acquired?

A. Undress himself

Telegraphic Speech

Speech that uses essential words only