Unit 3: GI/GU/Endocrine Practice
A child is admitted with jaundice and cholestasis. The nurse observes yellow discoloration of skin and the sclerae. The child's serum bilirubin is 5 mg/dL, which is not very high. What can the nurse infer from the symptoms? The child is suffering from:
Biliary atresia (BA)
The nurse is assessing a child with Wilms' tumor before surgery. What does the nurse monitor in the patient to prevent complications?
Blood pressure Urinary output Signs of infection
The nurse is assessing a child with nephrosis. The medical history indicates that there have been relapses even after steroid therapy. Which medication is likely to be prescribed for the child?
Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Which conditions can be seen in a child with hypopituitarism?
Delayed dentition Delayed sexual development Diminished height
The nurse is treating a child with dehydration. What are the symptoms that the nurse should look for?
Fall in blood pressure Tissue hypoxia Hypovolemic shock
The nurse is providing care for a child with Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Which symptoms should the nurse be alert for while providing care?
Fever Chills Vomiting
Which intervention does the nurse implement if a child with diabetes mellitus has decreased food intake due to flu?
Frequently monitor the blood glucose levels and urinary ketones
A child has been prescribed desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) nasal spray for enuresis. The nurse observes that two sprays before bedtime cause nasal irritation in the child. Which intervention does the nurse implement?
Give a tablet form of the medication
A child with diabetes mellitus suddenly becomes unresponsive and unconscious, and suffers from seizures. Which prescribed medication does the nurse administer immediately?
Glucagon
A child with acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) with edema and oliguria is hospitalized. Which sign does the nurse remain alert for in the child?
Hypertension
A child is admitted to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain. The nurse observes that the child is screaming and drawing the knees toward the chest. During assessment, the nurse detects a palpable, sausage-shaped mass in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen. What can the nurse deduce from these symptoms and findings? The child has:
Intussusception
The nurse caring for a child admitted with acute diarrhea and dehydration. What is the accurate step the nurse should take?
Monitor the intravenous (IV) fluid every day
The nurse is discharging a 10-year-old patient admitted to the hospital in diabetic ketoacidosis. The child has been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) on this admission. The nurse should teach the child and parents which signs of type 1?
Nocturia Dry skin Blurred vision
The nurse is caring for a boy with probable intussusception. He had diarrhea before admission; but, while waiting for administration of air pressure to reduce the intussusception, he passes a normal brown stool. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
Notify physician
Which statement best describes Hirschsprung's disease?
The colon has an aganglionic segment
An infant is admitted with excessive salivation and drooling accompanied with coughing, choking, and cyanosis. What can the nurse infer from the symptoms?
Tracheoesophageal fistula
The parents of a school-age child tell the nurse that the child goes to the toilet frequently and the urine smells strong. For which condition is the nurse likely to evaluate the child?
Urinary tract infection
The nurse is assessing a female adolescent for urinary problems. On further assessment the nurse finds that the patient is sexually active. What instructions does the nurse give the patient?
Urinate soon after having intercourse
The parents of an infant with cleft palate (CP) report the following, "Our child can't eat properly and is not getting proper nutrition." What does the nurse suggest to the parents? "The infant:
"Needs a pigeon bottle for feeding."
The nurse is speaking to day care center staff regarding prevention of giardiasis in children. What does the nurse tell the staff?
"Take small children frequently to the restroom while swimming."
The parents of a child report that their child suffers from intense perineal itching and general irritability. How does the nurse respond? "Your child:
"might be suffering from enterobiasis."
A child with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) is prescribed steroid therapy. What information does the nurse provide to the family before starting the therapy? Select all that apply.The nurse:
-Informs the family about the side effects of the therapy -Instructs the family how to detect signs of relapse or complications -Emphasizes on the importance of long-term care. -Emphasizes that dietary rules need to be followed strictly
A 3-year-old child is scheduled for surgery to remove a Wilms' tumor from one kidney. The parents ask the nurse about which treatments, if any, will be necessary after recovery from surgery. The nurse's best response is:
"Chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy is indicated."
A parent of a child with enuresis tells the nurse that they often scold the child for bedwetting, but it has not made any difference in the child's behavior. How does the nurse respond?
"I would suggest you use positive reinforcement"
What does the nurse tell the parents of a newborn child with juvenile hypothyroidism about the treatment of the condition?
"If it is not treated, it may cause decreased mental capacity."
A 7-year-old boy has been diagnosed with precocious puberty. What is the best explanation of the condition the nurse gives to the parents?
"It is sexual development in boys before the age of 9 years."