Unit 4 quiz

Light Independent Reactions

- Energy in ATP and NADPH are used to FIX carbon into glucose - Occurs in the Stroma

light-dependent reactions

- Light is used to break water into H, O, and energized e - - Energized e- used to make ATP and NADPH. - Occurs in the Thylakoid • Light Independent Reactio

What happens in the Krebs Cycle?

- products of glycolysis are broken down - releases CO2 - transfers electrons and hydrogens to NAD+ and FAD - occurs in matrix of mitochondria - Synthesizes net 2 ATP

3 steps of Cellular respiration

1st glycolysis 2nd Krebs cycle 3rd Electron Transport Chain

How many atp molecules are produced in Aerobic Respiration

36 ATP molecules

What do all living things need to survive

ALL living things require a constant source of energy to survive.

What do cells store energy in

ATP

What is cells usable source of energy called

ATP

What are the 2 ways to release energy(ATP)

Aerobic and Anaerobic

Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Aerobic respiration needs oxygen to occur, while anaerobic does not. Both come from ATP and Glycosis

How is alcohol fermentation different from lactic acid fermentation?

Alcohol fermentation happens in bacteria or yeast while lactic acid fermentation happens in muscle cells.

Draw a diagram to show the interrelated nature of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

DRAWING

Where does energy for living things come from

Energy for living things comes from food. Originally, the energy in food comes from the sun.

What happens in glycosis

Glucose is split in half - occurs in the cytoplasm -synthesizes a net 2 ATP

What is Chlorophyll

It the pigment inside the chloroplast (specifically the thylakoids) that absorbs light for photosynthesis

How is lactic acid produced

Lactic acid is produced in the muscles during rapid exercise when the body cannot supply enough oxygen to the tissues—causes a burning sensation in muscles

What are heterotrophs?

Organisms that CANNOT use the sun's energy to make food

How do autotrophs obtain energy?

Organisms that use light energy from the sun to produce food

How do photosynthesis and aerobic respiration implement to each other

Photo synthesis is how energy goes in and aroebic resperation is how it goes out. Also the products of one proccess are reactants of the other

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

REACTANTS- Water- from roots through the xylem to the leaf Carbon dioxide- through the stomata of the leaf Sunlight- captured by chlorophyll in the chloroplast

What must all living things do to survive

Release energy (ATP)

ATP stands for

adenosine triphosphate

examples of heterotrophs

animals and most microorganisms

What is all energy stored in

bonds of compounds

How is energy released

breaking the bond releases energy

How is ATP converted into ADP

by breaking the bond between the second and third phosphate groups and releasing energy for cellular processes.

Formula of Photosynthesis

carbon dioxide + water + light = glucose + oxygen 6CO2 + 6H 2O + light = C 6H12O6 + 6O 2

Where does photosynthesis occur?

chloroplasts (plant cells)

What happens in the electron transport chain?

energized electrons are used to make a hydrogen gradient to make ATP - occurs in the inner membrane and intermembranous space of the mitochondria - Synthesizes a net 32 ATP

Formula for aerobic respiration

glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + energy

products of photosynthesis

glucose and oxygen

where does alcholic fermentation take place

in bacteria, yeast, and plants

where does latic acid fermentation take place

in muscle cells

What is Cellular respiration

it is the process by which the energy of glucose is released in the cell to be used for life processes (movement, breathing, blood circulation , etc...)

What are the two main steps of photosynthesis

light dependent reactions and light independent reactions

Where does Aerobic Respiration occur

mitochondria

When does Anaerobic Respiration occur

occurs when no oxygen is available to the cell (2 kinds: Anaerobic Respiration also known as fermantation

Aerobic Respiration requires what

oxygen

Examples of autotrophs

plants, algae, & cyanobacteria

When the cell has energy available what can it do

store this energy by adding a phosphate group to ADP(adenosine diphosphate) which produces ATP

Photosynthesis is the process by which

the energy of sunlight is converted into the energy of glucose

Does respiration occur in all cells

yes