Unit 6 History 122
Which headline related to the Spanish-American War is an example of yellow journalism?
"Spanish Troops Slaughter Innocent Cuban Citizens"
Which title best describes the message of this cartoon?
"Temptations of the Imperialist Menu"
Which of the following best describes President McKinley's desire for an Open Door Policy?
All nations should be allowed to continue trade with China
Late in the 19th century, many Americans believed that the United States should establish a colonial empire because
American industries needed raw materials and markets
I. __________________________________________ A. No government without consent of the governed B. High cost of defending territories outside the United States C. United States tradition of non- involvement Which title best completes the partial outline?
Arguments Opposing Imperialism
In which of the following ways was the Mandate System SIMILAR to the Berlin Conference?
Both were used by Europeans to divide up different parts of the world along ethnic, not geographic lines
How did Henry Ford revolutionize the auto industry?
He saw workers as potential customers, paid them the unheard of wage of $5 / day, and introduced a more efficient assembly line for mass production
At the onset of World War I, what was U.S. President Woodrow Wilson's position in regard to America's involvement?
He wanted to play a small role in world affairs and remained neutral for the first years of the war
In an address to Congress in 1823, President James Monroe said that the Western Hemisphere was closed to further European colonization and interference in political affairs. The ideas expressed in this speech became known as the Monroe Doctrine and influenced American foreign policy up until the early 20th century. Which action is an example of a U.S. intervention in foreign affairs that the U.S. claimed was justified by the principles set forth in the Monroe Doctrine?
In 1895, Secretary of State Richard Olney sent a letter to Great Britain asking them to use arbitration to settle the boundary dispute between Venezuela and British Guiana
Which of the following statements is true about the 1920s?
It was an era of extreme economic growth, big social changes, and political conservatism
What is the best Social-Darwinist defense for U.S. imperialism?
It was natural for superior nations to economically and politically dominate less-advanced nations
Which statement describes the role played by the U.S. journalists during the Spanish-‐American War?
Journalists exaggerated events to build support for the war, giving the president and Congress little chance to resolve the conflict diplomatically
"Chronic wrongdoing may ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, an adherence to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States to the exercise of an international police power." -Theodore Roosevelt, 1904 Which world region was the focus of the foreign policy expressed in this statement?
Latin America
Why was the Sacco and Vanzetti trial, in which two anarchists were convicted of murder, controversial when it occurred in 1921?
Many believed the two Italians did not receive a fair trial because of the anti-immigrant and anti-radical ideals of the era
On June 2, 1919, an anarchist's bomb exploded in front of the house of Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer. Other bombs had been set that day against different government officials. Palmer and the Department of Justice responded in January of 1920 with raids that arrested thousands of people who were suspected anarchists. It was soon questioned whether these "Palmer Raids" were constitutional, however, as a lack of communications and planning resulted in many innocent people being taken from their homes. In which way were the Palmer Raids possibly unconstitutional?
Many people were arrested without evidence
What was one effect of the Bolshevik Revolution (October 1917) on the United States?
Nativism increased, leading to the Red Scare
Why does this cartoon depict Roosevelt carrying his "big stick" through the Caribbean?
Roosevelt believed that an aggressive foreign policy was needed to prevent Caribbean nations from incurring major debts with European nations
Which generalization can best be drawn from the experiment with national Prohibition?
Social attitudes can make laws difficult to enforce
Imperialism is a policy where
Stronger countries exert their economic, political, and military control over weaker countries
Which sentence provides information needed to complete BOTH the cause and effect portions of this diagram?
The 1898 Spanish-American War led to world power status for the United States
Why was it difficult for the US to stay neutral during the first part of World War I?
The U.S. had a close relationship with Great Britain, and the war interfered with trade
In 1902, Secretary of State John Hay negotiated a treaty with Colombian Foreign Minister Tomás Herrán in which the United States was granted permission to build a canal in Panama, which was controlled by Colombia at the time. The U.S. Senate approved this treaty, but the Colombian government did not. What did the US do after the rejection of this treaty?
The United States assisted in a Panamanian revolt against Colombia, and Panama became an independent country
Which of the following helps to explain the reason for American expansionism in the mid-1800s and early 1900s?
The United States sought new markets for agricultural and industrial products
"Harding Rejects Wilson's Foreign Policy—Wants Return to 'Normalcy'" "Coolidge Declares: 'The Chief Business of the American People Is Business'" "Hoover Calls for 'Rugged Individualism'; Rejects Paternalism and Socialism" Which policy of Republican presidents in the 1920s is most consistent with the positions stated in these headlines?
The federal government should assist business and limit foreign commitments
"To His Excellency William McKinley, President, and the Senate, of the United States of America . . .We, the undersigned, native Hawaiian citizens . . . who are members of the Hawaiian Patriotic League of the Hawaiian Islands, and others who are in sympathy with the said League, earnestly protest against the . . . [addition] of the said Hawaiian Islands to the said United States of America in any form or shape." — Petition, 1897 What were these Hawaiian citizens protesting?
The forced annexation of the islands as a U.S. territory after the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy
During World War I, the War Industries Board was established to shift the United States to a wartime economy. To accomplish this, they fixed prices and wages, set industrial priorities, and converted factories to producing war materials. Over 20 percent of the nation's production shifted to meet wartime goals. It was a defining moment of federal power; during this time, the government assumed many functions that it continues to have today. Which of these best demonstrates that the U.S. government grew during World War I?
The government gained responsibilities that it would keep after the war
Which action completes this diagram?
The use of machine guns resulted in massive casualties
Which of the following is a true statement that created the most controversy in the United States at the end of the Spanish-American War?
There was a tremendous battle in the American press over acquisition of the Philippines
Which statement accurately describes the involvement of African Americans during World War I?
They were organized into rigidly segregated units
Which conclusion is most clearly supported by information on the map?
United States military action was used to protect American interests
"Hawaiian Planters Urge American Annexation" "U.S. and Germany Negotiate for Control of the Samoan Islands" "U.S. Gains Control of Wake Island and Guam" Which conclusion can best be drawn from these headlines?
United States territorial expansion increased in the Pacific Ocean
PHILIPPINES: "What yer got?" CUBA: "Pie." THE PHILIPPINES: "Where'd yer git it?" CUBA: "Mah Uncle Sam gin it to me; an maybe if you was half way decent he' gin you some." Considering the cartoon and caption above, which of the following foreign policies best suits how Americans felt about Cubans and Filipinos?
White Man's Burden
"I took the Canal and let Congress debate." -Theodore Roosevelt This quotation best demonstrates
a Presidential action that achieved a foreign policy objective
Which of these describes the image of the flapper?
a fashionable woman with a bobbed haircut, make-up, and clothes considered to be revealing
The Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s can best be described as
a period of great achievement by African- American writers, artists, and performers
A major result of the Spanish-American War (1898) was that the United States
assumed a more prominent role in world affairs
President George Washington in his Farewell Address, President James Monroe in the Monroe Doctrine, and the opponents of the League of Nations all wanted the US to
avoid European conflicts
The cartoonist is expressing concerns about the ability of the United States to
control territories spread out over vast distances
Shortly after World War I ended, some complained that the Versailles Treaty did nothing more than declare a truce for twenty years. Their assumptions proved correct when the unstable peace agreements and cooperation that had been established at the Paris Peace Conference were broken. Although U.S. President Woodrow Wilson had declared that the Great War was "the war to end all wars," in less than twenty years after it began in 1914, many nations had entered a second, devastating conflict. Due to the greater number of casualties, physical destruction, and tragedies, World War II often eclipses the memory of the First World War. According to this excerpt, the Treaty of Versailles
created a short-lived, unstable peace
One common theme in many of the writings of Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Langston Hughes was
dissatisfaction with the American culture of the 1920s
"We intend to begin on the first of February unrestricted submarine warfare. We shall endeavor in spite of this to keep the United States of America neutral. In the event of this not succeeding, we make Mexico a proposal of alliance on the following basis: make war together, make peace together, generous financial support and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. The settlement in detail is left to you. ..." — Telegram of January 19, 1917 This telegram was part of an effort to
enlist Mexican support for Germany if the United States declared war
After World War I, one way in which the Red Scare, the passing of the Quota Acts, and the growth of the Ku Klux Klan were similar is that they all
exploited fears about people who were considered un-American
What was a major factor leading to the erosion of regional cultural differences in the 1920s?
growing popularity of radio and motion pictures
The conclusion that can best be supported by the information on this map is that construction of the Panama Canal was motivated by the desire of the United States to
increase naval mobility and expand overseas markets
World War I was vastly different from previous wars because
it used modern weaponry, such as tanks and machine guns
"The system of quotas... was the first major pillar of the Immigration Act of 1924. The second provided for the exclusion of persons ineligible to citizenship.... Ineligibility to citizenship and exclusion applied to the peoples of all the nations of East and South Asia. Nearly all Asians had already been excluded from immigration.... The exclusion of persons ineligible to citizenship in 1924... completed Asiatic exclusion. . . Moreover, it codified the principle of racial exclusion into the main body of American immigration and naturalization law." - Mae M. Ngai, historian, Impossible Subjects: Illegal Aliens and the Making of Modern America, 2004 The Immigration Act of 1924 produced highly discriminatory results because it
placed restrictions on immigration by national origin, ethnicity, and race
A goal of President Theodore Roosevelt's Big Stick policy and President William Howard Taft's Dollar Diplomacy policy toward Latin America was to
protect American economic and political interests
"I object in the strongest possible way to having the United States agree, directly or indirectly, to be controlled by a league [of nations] which may at any time ..., be drawn in to deal with internal conflicts in other countries. . . . We should never allow the United States to be involved in any internal conflict in another country." -Senator Henry Cabot Lodge Senator Lodge was raising objections to the
ratification of the Treaty of Versailles, which ended World War I
"Congress Passes Alien and Sedition Acts'' "Lincoln Suspends Habeas Corpus'' "Wilson Signs 1918 Sedition Act" These headlines show that the federal government can
restrict citizens' rights in times of crisis
The cartoon illustrates the actions of President Theodore Roosevelt in
securing the land to build the Panama Canal
A major purpose of President Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points (1918) was to
set goals for achieving peace after World War I
Which concept is expressed in this cartoon?
support for United States imperialism
Which event sparked the onset of World War I?
the assassination of the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne
What describes a pull factor that drew African Americans during the Great Migration?
the availability of good jobs in the North and West
Which of the following describes a major political change of the late decades of the nineteenth century?
the diplomatic pattern from isolationism to imperialism
President Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points were based on the belief that
the principle of self-determination should be applied to people of all nations
One of President Theodore Roosevelt's favorite phrases was an African proverb which was "Speak softly, and carry a big stick, you will go far." Roosevelt's foreign policy became known as big stick diplomacy. Which statement best describes big stick diplomacy?
the threat of using military force in foreign policy
What was the main purpose of this poster?
to generate financial support for the war
Propaganda created during WWI was primarily concerned with
uniting a diverse population against the common enemy
The headlines in this newspaper are an example of
yellow journalism
