Unit 7: Solutions

insoluble

(of a substance) not easily dissolved

homogenous mixture

-a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout, -Mixture that is the same throughout -a mixture that has substances that has substances that cannont be distingyused from one another -solutions

concentrated solution

-high concentration of solute particles -close to saturated -large # of solute particles in a given amount of solvent

dilute solution

-low concentration -small # of solute particles in a given amount of solvent

properties of solutions

1)uniform distribution of particles 2)won't settle out 3)transparent 4)can't be filtered out(small particle size)

supersaturated solution

Contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution at the same temperature

solution

a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. - in a solution solvent particles are: -very small -evenly distributed -will not separate/cannot be separated by filtering

solvent

a liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances. dissolving medium in a solution.

colloid

a mixture consisting of tiny particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and those in suspensions and that are suspended in a liquid, solid, or gas

heterogenous mixture

a mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout, A mixture with uneven distribution of different substances, solids, liquids, gases.

homogenous mixture

a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout (appears the same throughout)

solvated

a solute particle that is surrounded by solvent molecules

saturated solution

a solution in which no more solute can dissolve

unsaturated solution

a solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution does and that is able to dissolve additional solute

Aqueous solution

a solution where the solvent is water

endothermic

energy absorbed; cold

soluble

homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase.

solution formation

if the attraction of water to a salt is greater than the force of ion-ion attractions (called lattice energy), the salt will dissolve

mixture

material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined

suspension

particles in a solvent are so large that they settle out, unless the mixture is constanstly stirred, or agigated., heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle

exothermic

releases energy, gives off heat

solute

substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution

solubility

the ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a given temperature and pressure

concentration

the mass of solute in a given volume of solution, or mass/volume, the strength of a solution, strengthening the concentration (as of a solute in a mixture) by removing extraneous material

hydration

the process in which an ion is surrounded by water molecules arranged in a specific manner

boiling point

the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas

freezing point

the temperature below which a liquid turns into a solid

dilution

weakening (reducing the concentration) by the addition of water or a thinner -adding more solvent