University of Wyoming Human Anatomy Final Fall 2016

A surgeon would prefer to do an incision parallel to cleavage line. A. True B. False

A. True

Muscle that is attached to the bone is known as______ muscle. A. cardiac B. skeletal C. involuntary D. smooth E. osseous

B. skeletal

Which is NOT a function of the vertebral column? A. Protecting the spinal cord B. Supporting the weight of the head C. Passageway for spinal nerves D. Passageway for cranial nerves E. Maintaining upright body position

D. Passageway for cranial nerves

The medullary cavity of a long bone is lined with a thin layer of connective tissue called the A. trabeculae B. diaphysis C. periosteum D. endosteum E. epiphysis

D. endosteum

The membranous sheets that connect developing cranial bones are called A. intraosseous membranes B. craniochondral articulations C. ossicles D. fontanelles E. sutures

D. fontanelles

Which is the result of oxygen deficiency in the blood? A. Jaundice B. Erythema C. Bronzing D. Hematoma E. Cyanosis

E. Cyanosis

At what location do the three bones of the os coxae fuse? A. Acetabulum B. Iliac crest C. Pubic symphysis D. Pelvic brim E. Ischial tuberosity

A. Acetabulum

What type of muscle contains intercalated discs? A. Cardiac B. Smooth C. Skeletal

A. Cardiac

Which type of cartilage would be punctured if you chose to pierce the auricle of your ear? A. Elastic cartilage B. Reticular cartilage C. Hyaline cartilage D. Articular cartilage E. Fibrocartilage

A. Elastic cartilage

Which is NOT one of the four primary tissue types? A. Endocrine B. Nervous C. Connective D. Muscle E. Epithelial

A. Endocrine

Which is avascular (lacks blood vessels)? A. Epithelial cells B. Muscle tissue C. Nervous tissue D. Connective tissue E. All of the choices are correct

A. Epithelial cells

Which bones articulate with the zygomatic bone? A. Frontal, temporal, and maxilla B. Frontal, parietal, and occipital C. Temporal, sphenoid, and maxilla D. Temporal and maxilla E. Temporal and parietal

A. Frontal, temporal, and maxilla

Which bone is NOT paired? A. Mandible B. Zygomatic C. Lacrimal D. Maxilla E. Nasal

A. Mandible

Which is a sesamoid bone? A. Patella B. Sphenoid C. Cuboid D. Talus E. Scaphoid

A. Patella

Which bone bears the mandibular fossa? A. Temporal B. Frontal C. Mandible D. Zygomatic E. Maxilla

A. Temporal

Which is the physiological description rather than an anatomical one? A. The muscles of the intestinal wall contract slowly and in voluntarily. B. The esophageal wall includes a middle layer of dense irregular connective tissue. C. There are fenestrations (openings) between the epithelial cells in capillary walls. D. The muscles of the thigh are composed of skeletal muscle tissue. E. The walls of blood capillaries are composed of a thin epithelium.

A. The muscles of the intestinal wall contract slowly and in voluntarily.

Which is NOT among the bones in the proximal row of carpals? A. Trapezoid B. Lunate C. Triquetrium D. Pisiform E. Scaphoid

A. Trapezoid

The head, neck, and trunk make up the _________ region of the body. A. axial B. appendicular C. cephalic D. thoracic E. caudal

A. axial

From deep to superficial, the order of the strata of the epidermis is A. basale - spinosum - granulosum - lucidum - corneum. B. corneum - granulosum - lucidum - spinosum - basale. C. corneum - lucidum - granulosum - spinosum - basale. D. basale - granulosum - spinosum - lucidum - corneum. E. spinosum - granulosum - basale - lucidum - corneum.

A. basale - spinosum - granulosum - lucidum - corneum.

A metatarsal bone in an example of a(n) __________ bone. A. long B. sesamoid C. short D. irregular E. flat

A. long

The superior portion of the sternum is called the A. manubrium B. coccyx C. xiphoid process D. body E. gladiolus

A. manubrium

The ______ is responsible for forming the outer, limiting barrier of a cell. A. plasma membrane B. peroxisome C. ribosome D. mitochondrion E. centrosome

A. plasma membrane

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium would be found lining A. portions of the respiratory system B. the oviduct C. ducts of sweat glands D. the larger blood vessels E. large kidney tubules

A. portions of the respiratory system

The primary function of serous fluid appears to be A. to minimize friction B. insulation C. a stabilizing force D. to provide an attachment surface E. energy storage

A. to minimize friction

How many pairs of ribs are "floating ribs" that do not articulate with the sternum? A. 12 B. 2 C. 5 D. 7 E. 10

B. 2

What is the composition of the subcutaneous layer? A. Adipose connective tissue B. Areolar connective tissue and adipose connective tissue C. Areolar connective tissue and dense irregular connective tissue D. Areolar connective tissue E. Dense irregular connective tissue

B. Areolar connective tissue and adipose connective tissue

Which of the following is NOT a body membrane? A. Synovial B. Cartilaginous C. Serous D. Mucous E. Cutaneous

B. Cartilaginous

Which of these skull bones cannot be palpated? A. Temporal B. Ethmoid C. Parietal D. Occipital E. Frontal

B. Ethmoid

In general, the mechanical stresses on bones that result from exercise tend to weaken them and lead to more frequent fractures. A. True B. False

B. False

Osteons run perpendicular to the diaphysis of a long bone. A. True B. False

B. False

Which is NOT a function of bone? A. Hemopiesis B. Horomone synthesis C. Body movement D. Mineral storage E. Protection

B. Horomone synthesis

Where in the body would you expect to find a Haversian system? A. In the nervous system B. In the bone C. In cartilage D. In skin E. In the skeletal muscle

B. In the bone

Which level consists of related organs that work to achieve a common function? A. Tissue level B. Organ system level C. Organ level D. Chemical level E. Cellular level

B. Organ system level

What is the function of cartilage located in the epiphyseal plates? A. Supports soft tissues B. Serves as model for bone formation C. Provides flexibility D. Provides passageway for blood vessels E. Forms articular surface

B. Serves as model for bone formation

Which type of epithelial tissue would be the least protective? A. Stratified squamous B. Simple squamous C. Stratifies keratinized D. Transitional E. Simple columnar

B. Simple squamous

Which serous membrane covers the external surface of an organ? A. The parietal layer B. The visceral layer C. The ventral layer D. The dorsal layer E. The muscle layer

B. The visceral layer

Which curves of the vertebral column are present at birth? A. Cervical and thoracic B. Thoracic and sacral C. Lumbar and sacral D. Lumbar and thoracic E. Lumbar and cervical

B. Thoracic and sacral

Each of the depressions on the maxillae and mandible that holds a tooth is called a(n) A. sinus B. alveolus C. foramen D. fossa E. sulcus

B. alveolus

The anatomic term for the wrist region is A. olecranal B. carpal C. tarsal D. perineal E. digital

B. carpal

Another name for the skin is the ________ membrane. A. visceral B. cutaneous C. parietal D. mucous E. serous

B. cutaneous

Of the abdominopelvic regions, the one that is the superior of the middle column is called the A. hypogastric B. epigastric C. hypochondriac D. lumbar E. umbilical

B. epigastric

In anatomic position, the radius lies ______ to the ulna. A. superior B. lateral C. posterior D. inferior E. medial

B. lateral

The reason a human may be paler when exposed to cold temperature is A. constriction of the dermal collagen and elastic fibers. B. vasoconstriction has occurred. C. purely psychological. D. dehydration of the stratum corneum. E. vasodilation has occurred.

B. vasoconstriction has occurred.

The vertebral column includes ____ cervical, ____ thoracic, and ____ lumbar vertebrae. A. 6; 13; 5 B. 7; 13; 4 C. 7; 12; 5 D. 5; 12; 7 E. 6; 14; 6

C. 7; 12; 5

The skull consists of ______ cranial bones and _______ facial bones. A. 9; 11 B. 10; 12 C. 8; 14 D. 5; 7 E. 7; 12

C. 8; 14

Which feature is unique to the axis? A. Superior articular facet B. Bifid spinous process C. Dens D. Transverse foramen E. Vertbral foramen

C. Dens

Which is a nonmembrane-bound organelle? A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum B. Mitochondrion C. Microtubule D. Golgi apparatus E. Lysosome

C. Microtubule

Which is NOT a function of the integument? A. Protection B. Temperature regulation C. No exceptions; all are functions of the integument. D. Water loss prevention E. Synthesis of cholecalciferol (vitamen D precursor)

C. No exceptions; all are functions of the integument.

Which connective tissue protein fibers form a meshlike framework that provides structural support for many organs? A. Mucoid fibers B. Cartilaginous fibers C. Reticular fibers D. Elastic fibers E. Collagen fibers

C. Reticular fibers

Which bones comprise each pectoral girdle? A. Sternum and clavicle B. Scapula, clavicle, and sternum C. Scapula and clavicle D. Scapula, clavicle, and humerus E. Scapula, clavicle, sternum, and humerus

C. Scapula and clavicle

The anatomic term for the cheek is A. crural B. pelvic C. buccal D. cervical E. sacral

C. buccal

In compact bone, _________ connect adjacent lacunae, thereby providing pathways for nutrients and other materials to pass between osteocytes. A. blood vessels B. lamellae C. canaliculi D. perforating canals E. ostenic canals

C. canaliculi

In compact bone, the matrix rings that surround the central canal of each osteon are called A. canaliculi B. circumferential lamellae C. concentric lamellae D. interstitial lamellae E. perforating canals

C. concentric lamellae

The steps in the process of endochondral ossification are a: Ossification center forms in the diaphysis b: Cartilage calcifies and a bone collar forms c: Ossification centers form in the epiphyses d: Bone replaces cartilage e: Epiphyseal plates ossify f: Cartilage model develops The correct chronological order for these steps is A. b - c - f - a - e - d B. f - b - c - d - a - e C. f - b - a - c - d - e D. a - c - b - d - e - f E. a - e - c - d - b - f

C. f - b - a - c - d - e

The head of the humerus articulates with the A. intertubercular sulcus B. greater trochanter C. glenoid cavity D. trochlear notch E. greater tubercle

C. glenoid cavity

The term "hallux" refers to the A. lateral-most toe B. thumb C. great toe D. middle digit E. little finger

C. great toe

The most common type of cartilage, which is also the weakest, is A. elastic cartilage B. fibrocartilage C. hyaline cartilage D. reticular cartilage E. areolar cartilage

C. hyaline cartilage

The system responsible for providing protection, regulating body temperature, and being the site of cutaneous receptors is the _______________ system. A. muscular B. nervous C. integumentary D. urinary E. respiratory

C. integumentary

The directional term that means "away from the midline of the body" is A. inferior B. medial C. lateral D. caudal E. superior

C. lateral

The two types of cells that make up the nervous system are A. mast cells and fibrocytes B. neurons and mast cells C. neurons and glial cells D. neurons and chondrocytes E. macrophages and mast cells

C. neurons and glial cells

The inner, gelatinous region of each intervertebral disc is called the A. chondral ring B. articular ring C. nucleus pulposus D. annulus fibrosus E. lamella

C. nucleus pulposus

The scientific discipline that studies the function of the body structures is A. archeology B. anthropology C. physiology D. astronomy E. anatomy

C. physiology

The portion of the sphenoid bone that houses that pituitary gland is the A. lesser wing B. pterygoid process C. sella turcica D. greater wing E. pterygoid plate

C. sella turcica

Tactile (Merkel) cells are sensitive to A. heat B. sound C. touch D. light E. cold

C. touch

What is the function of the nuchal lines? A. Passageway for cranial nerves B. Grooves for dural sinuses C. Attachment for dura mater D. Attachment for muscles and ligaments E. Passageway for jugular vein

D. Attachment for muscles and ligaments

Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs? A. Hyaline cartilage B. Articular cartilage C. Elastic cartilage D. Fibrocartilage E. Reticular cartilage

D. Fibrocartilage

Which type of hair forms the beard on the faces of males? A. Vellus B. Lanugo C. Pilus D. Terminal E. Nonpigmented

D. Terminal

The majority of connective tissues contain A. a dense collection of protein fibers with no extracellular matrix. B. an even distribution of cells and extracellular matrix. C. large numbers of cells and very little extracellular matrix. D. a large amount of extracellular matrix and a few scattered cells. E. a large number of cells with a small amount of liquid matrix.

D. a large amount of extracellular matrix and a few scattered cells.

Bone growth in which the bone increases in diameter is called A. endosteal growth B. cancellous bone growth C. epiphyseal growth D. appositional growth E. interstitial growth

D. appositional growth

Rami, trochanters, tubercles, and tuberosities are bone markings that serve as A. articulating surfaces B. pits of depressions to hold cartilage C. passageways for nerves D. attachments for ligaments or tendons E. passageways for blood vessels

D. attachments for ligaments or tendons

Nails are hard derivatives formed from the stratum ________ of the epidermis. A. granulosum B. basale C. lucidum D. corneum E. spinosum

D. corneum

When you rest your hands on your hips, just below the waist, you are resting them on the A. ischial spines B. superior gluteal lines C. arcuate lines D. iliac crests E. ischial tuberosities

D. iliac crests

The epidermis is a _________ epithelium. A. nonkeratinized stratified squamous B. nonkeratinized stratified cuboidal C. keratinized stratified cuboidal D. keratinized stratified squamous E. transitional

D. keratinized stratified squamous

Endocrine glands A. secrete mucus directly into a body cavity. B. possess ducts to secrete their products into the bloodstream or into interstitial fluid. C. possess short ducts and secrete their products directly into the skin surface. D. lack ducts and secrete their products into the bloodstream or into interstitial fluid. E. lack ducts and secrete their products onto the skin surface.

D. lack ducts and secrete their products into the bloodstream or into interstitial fluid.

Cells that produce new bone tissue by secreting matrix are called A. osteoprogenitor cells B. bone-lining cells C. osteoclasts D. osteoblasts E. osteocytes

D. osteoblasts

The moist, two-layered serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity is called the A. pleura B. pericardium C. synovium D. peritoneum E. diaphragm

D. peritoneum

The word ________ implies an imaginary flat surface passing through the body. A. section B. tangent C. figure D. plane E. direction

D. plane

The directional term that means "in back of or toward the back surface" is A. proximal B. anterior C. caudal D. posterior E. cephalic

D. posterior

The part of the hair that extends beyond the skin surface is called the A. papilla B. root C. alopecia D. shaft E. bulb

D. shaft

Gross anatomy refers to the study of A. structures not visible to the unaided eye B. nasal secretions C. structures formed by cells D. structures visible to the unaided eye E. cells

D. structures visible to the unaided eye

Groups of similar cells and extracellular products the carry out a common function are called A. organs B. organ systems C. matrices D. tissues E. None of the choices are correct

D. tissues

The bones of the vertebral column form a cavity called the A. nervous system passageways B. abdominal cavity C. spinal cavity D. vertebral canal E. None of the choices are correct

D. vertebral canal

What is the total number of phalanges in a normal human body? A. 14 B. 50 C. 28 D. 42 E. 56

E. 56

Which bone count is NOT correct? A. 8 carpals per wrist B. 14 phalanges per foot C. 5 metacarpals per hand D. 5 metatarsals per foot E. 8 tarsals per ankle

E. 8 tarsals per ankle

Which is a characteristic of cartilage connective tissue? A. Gel-like ground substance B. Matrix of protein fibers C. Cells called chondrocytes D. Avascular E. All of choices are correct.

E. All of choices are correct.

Functions of the human body cells include A. covering B. storage C. movement D. communication E. All of the choices are correct

E. All of the choices are correct

Which of these is NOT a connective tissue? A. Adipose tissue B. Bone C. Ligaments D. Blood E. All of the choices are correct

E. All of the choices are correct

Which affects osteblast and osteoclast activity? A. Gravity B. Mechanical stress C. Calcitonin and parathyroid horomone levels D. Blood calcium level E. All of the choices are correct.

E. All of the choices are correct.

Which describes the anatomic position? A. The body is upright B. Palms are facing forward C. Thumbs point away from the body D. Feet are flat on the floor E. All of these apply

E. All of these apply

Which bone bears the infraorbital foramen? A. Mandible B. Zygomatic C. Temporal D. Frontal E. Maxilla

E. Maxilla

Which is the definition for a greenstick fracture? A. The bone is spintered into several fragments. B. The fracture is at an oblique angle to the long axis of the bone. C. The fracture is at right angles to the long axis of the bone. D. The bone is twisted as it fractures. E. One side of the bone is broken and the other side is bent.

E. One side of the bone is broken and the other side is bent.

Which bone is NOT part of the facial complex? A. Maxilla B. Nasal C. Mandible D. Zygomatic E. Temporal

E. Temporal

An exocrine gland has two parts, A. an acinus and brush border B. a duct and a basement membrane C. a basement membrane and goblet cell D. a brush border and glandular portion E. a duct and a secretory portion

E. a duct and a secretory portion

Which actions happen in the stratum granulosum? a: Keratinization b: Cell flattening c: Plasma membranes thicken d: Plasma membranes become less permeable A. a, c, d B. a, c C. c, d D. b, c, d E. a, b, c, d

E. a, b, c, d

Blood capillaries that supply the epidermis are located in the A. epidermis proper B. friction ridges C. epidermal ridges D. subcutaneous layer E. dermal papillae

E. dermal papillae

The formation of bone from a cartilaginous model is termed A. bone remodeling B. orthodontia C. intramembranous ossification D. mesenchymal ossification E. endochondral ossification

E. endochondral ossification

Epidermal dendritic (Langerhans) cells function as part of the _______ response. A. tanning B. sensory C. heating D. sweating E. immune

E. immune

The ________ are responsible for synthesizing most of the human body cell's ATP. A. microfilaments B. lysosomes C. nucleoli D. ribosomes E. mitochondria

E. mitochondria

An example of a flat bone would be the A. calcaneous B. trapezoid C. femur D. radius E. parietal

E. parietal

The function of the melanin in the skin is to A. prevent infections B. help regulate body temperature C. keep the epidermis soft and pliable D. reduce water loss E. protect against UV light

E. protect against UV light