Uprep Electrolytes/ acid base balance/ fluids

The pH of plasma indicates balance or impending

acidosis or alkalosis

Respiratory acidosis

is when the carbon dioxide level is high and the ph is low.

A 50-year-old client with hypertension is being treated with a diuretic. The client reports muscle weakness and falls easily. The nurse should assess which electrolyte?

potassium

Diuretics, commonly given to treat high blood pressure and heart failure, can cause an extracellular deficit or loss of electrolytes including

potassium, calcium, and magnesium.

The complete blood cell count measures

the components of the blood, focusing on the red and white blood cells.

The urinalysis assesses

the components of the urine.

An older adult has fluid volume deficit and needs to consume more fluids. Which approach by the nurse demonstrates gerontologic considerations?

Offer small amounts of preferred beverage frequently.

The nurse is calculating the infusion rate for the following order: Infuse 1000 ml of 0.9% NaCl over 8 hours, with gravity infusion. Your tubing delivers 20 gtts/min. What is the infusion rate?

When infusing by gravity, divide the total volume in ml (1000 ml) by the total time in minutes (480 minutes) times the drop factor, which is given as 20 gtts/min. The correct answer is 42 gtts/min.

Metabolic acidosis

a proportionate deficit of bicarbonate in ECF. The deficit can occur as the result of an increase in acid components or an excessive loss of bicarbonate such as in diarrhea.

ABGs are used to

assess acid-base balance.

Metabolic alkalosis

associated with an excess of HCO3, a decrease in H+ ions, or both, in the extracellular fluid (ECF). This may be the result of excessive acid losses or increased base ingestion or retention. Loss of stomach acid may result in this condition

Basic metabolic panel (BMP) assess

kidney function (BUN and creatinine), sodium and potassium levels, and blood glucose level.

Respiratory alkalosis

when the carbon dioxide level is low and the ph is high.