US Government Exam 1 Part 2

The _________ is the term researchers use to characterize the overall collection of national, state and local government in the United States.

intergovernmental system

A power NOT specifically mentioned in the Constitution but necessary if another specific grant of power is to be carried out is called a(n) _______ power.

Implied

Numerous recent preemptions have focused on

homeland security

In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Court argued the "the power to tax...

involves the power to destroy."

How likely are voters to participate in state and local elections compared with national elections

less likely

A requirement that a stat undertake an activity or provide a service that maintains a minimum national standard is called a(n)

mandate

Which metaphor best describes cooperative federalism?

marble cake

In recent years, the Supreme court has denied states the power to execute individuals who are

mentally disable and/or seventeen years old

When Roger B. Taney became chief justice in 1836, the Court imposed firm limits on the powers of

national government

According to John Marshall's decision in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819), the elastic clause might be interpreted to mean that congress can take a particular action not specified in the Constitution if that action is

plainly adapted to achieving a legitimate constitutional end

In the 2011 Chamber of Commerce of the United States v. Whiting decision, the Roberts Court upheld which state law?

Legal Arizona workers act

A proponent of states' rights and enumerated powers would be more likely to quote the _____ Amendment to the Constitution

Tenth

When responding to the economic downturn that afflicted the nation at the beginning of his first term, President Obama drew on the logic of

The New Deal and the preamble to the Constitution

Which of the following is an incorrect description of the cooperative federalism model?

The functions and responsibilities of the national governments are clearly defined

Which of the following is NOT an essential premise of dual federalism

The relationship between nation and state is best characterized by cooperation

While government at all levels and private sector businesses all share responsibilities over managing the nations' ports, each port has a _____ assigned to be the captain of the port.

U.S. Coast Guard Officer

Some have argued that the use of the drug Midazolam is executing inmates is ________; in the 2015 case Glossip v. Gross, the Court ______ with its assertion

a violation of the Eighth Amendment; disagreed

Foreigners who live in the United States but are not citizens of the United States are known as

aliens

According to the text, political liberals feared stronger states' rights because it

allowed inequality and supported racism

Competitive grants are awarded based on

an application submitted by prospective recipients.

REAL ID, a federal mandate that imposes security standards for state driver's licenses, is an example of

an unfunded mandate.

Suppose Congress funds elementary education by giving states a grant. The sates may then designate the specific educational programs (elementary, secondary or vocational) to receive the funds. This is an example of a _______ grant

block

The constitution expressly gives the federal government the power to_____ within the states

create a postal system

The Constitution did not give Congress the authority to establish the exnternal Revenue Service. Congress did so, however, to implement it's power to "lay and collect taxes." This is an example of the use of a(n) _______ power

implied

The "necessary and proper" clause of Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution is an example of a(n) _______

elastic

State;s tights supporters believe that Congress should restrict its activities to

enumerated powers

A central question in the McCulloch case was whether or not Congress had the power to

establish a national bank

A notable trend in the backgrounds of recent presidents is experience as a

governor

Which of the following is not a reason that states have improved their ability to govern capably over the last few decades?

All previously unelected officials, such as those in programs that deal with transportation andsocial services, are now elected.

Under Chief Justice John Marshall, the early Supreme Court generally

increased national power

According to the text, one could see the rise of coercive federalism as simply shifting the pluralist struggle from

state capitals to Washington D.C.

The lines that define congressional districts are usually drawn by

state legislature

The power to coin money belongs to _____ and the power to grant divorces belongs to

the federal government; the states

The Constitution explicitly recognizes

the national government and state governments

In 2012, the Supreme Court cited _______ in uploading the "individual mandate" provision of the Affordable Care Act.

the national government's taxing power

Home rule is

the right of municipal governments to enact their own legislation in certain administrative areas.

Conflicts related to power-sharing between states and the national government are settled by

the supreme court.

The basic premise of federalism is that

two or more governments share power and authority over the same land and people

The complexity of the American federal system encourages

pluralism

In Dread Scott, the Supreme Court decided that Congress had no power to

prohibit slavery

The national government has come to rely increasingly on its _______ power to shape state policies.

regulatory

A(n) _______ forbids state governments from exercising certain powers.

restraint

A government unit created to perform particular functions, such as fire protection and water purification and distribution is known as a(n)

special district

Problems with establishing democracy in Iraq are, according to the text, chiefly a function of the fact that

"There is no meaningful Iraq identity."

Based on 2012 data from the U.S. Census Bureau, the United States is a home to as man as ____________ local governments of different sorts.

90,000

Since the 1990s the court has typically favored states, however, the best example of a decision in which the court did NOT defend state prerogatives is

Bush v. Gore

Which of the following statements regarding the New Deal eras incorrect?

Congress temporarily claimed extra constitutional powers to meet the national emergency.

The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) is an example of ________ federalism

Cooperative

Which metaphor best describes federalism

Layer cake

According to the theory of dual federalism, __________ the nation and the states

a rigid wall separates

Formula grants and project grants are both types of _______ grants

categorical

In response to the use of national mandates and restraints that have become so dominant, theorists have developed a new theory know as ______ federalism.

coercive

The use of highway construction funds has been an effective means to promote

cooperative federalism

Conservatives are often associated with _________, while liberals are often associated with

dual federalism; cooperative federalism

The Great Depression represented a shift away from _____ and toward

dual federalism; cooperative federalism

Since 1995 the Supreme Court has frequently

favored states' rights.

Medicaid is an example of a(n)

grant-in-aid

The power of Congress to enact laws by which the national government assumes complete of partial responsibility for a state government function is known as

preemption

The process of preclearance used when states are

redistiricting

The process of redrawing boundaries for electoral jurisdictions is known as

redistricing

Preclearance is the process of

submitting the redistricting plans to the Justice Department for approval

From the 1930s to the mid 1990s, the Supreme Court

tended to support expansion of national authority.

In the last 200 year, Congress has tremendously increased the scope of the national government by using

the elastic clause combined with its enumerated powers.

The general conclusion of the Supreme Court in United States v. Lopez was that

there are limits to the national government's ability to regulate behavior based on the commerce clause