US History Chapter 10
Who didn't like the Compromise of 1850 and vowed to use force if southern states tried to secede?
President Zacary Taylor
"bleeding Kansas"
Rival governments exsisted in Kansas (one for slaves, one against). Slave supporters attacked the town of Lawrence where antislavery settlers lived. Antislavery settlers retaliated. Soon armed bans roamed the territory. A newspaper used the term to describe the "civil war" that was happening in Kansas.
What issue resulted because of the Missouri Compromise?
Sectionalism; means different areas of the country had an exaggerated loyalty to their part of the country.
What was the reaction of the Fugitive Slave Act? Who stepped up to catch fugitives and who refused to follow or cooperate with the law? THIS IS ON PINK SHEET
Slaveholders in the south tried harder to catch runaways, but northerners refused to cooperate and created the Underground Railroad to help the slaves get to freedom.
To resolve the crisis in 1850, who divided Clay's plan into 5 main parts that could be voted on separately
Stephen Douglas
Who proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854 and what did it say? THIS IS ON PINK SHEET
Stephen Douglas; repeal (abandon) the Missouri Compromise of 1820. Reorganize the area into two regions: Nebraska and Kansas and let the settlers to each territory vote on whether to allow slavery. What was most important to him was Popular Soverienty (let the people decide)
The annexation of what state became the main issue in the presidential election of 1844? (Polk vs. Clay)
Texas. (If Texas were added they would be a slave state and again balance in congress would be upset).
What led to the bloodshed in Kansas?
1. Passage of the Nebraska-Kansas Act would allow popular sovereinty. 2. Kansas voted to have a pro-slavery legislature 3. The Pro-slave legislature refused to allow anyone opposing their views to be in legislature. 4. The Anti-slave people got angry and formed rival government
What was the secret route to lead slaves out of the south to freedom? Who was a leading supporter to help slaves become free?
The Underground Railroad Harriet Tubman
Henry Clay's multi-part plan to settle the issues dividing congress in 1850 launced an emotional debate that lasted how long?
7 months
After the Missouri Compromise, slavery issue settled down, but rose it's head again in the 1840's. Why?
The annexation of Texas (where slavery already existed and we were trying to get more lands westward. The issue of slavery became a main issue in the presidential election of 1844 because we were looking to add Texas to the USA.
Why did Douglas even want to get rid of the Missouri Compromise of 1820? What caused him to do this?
We were getting new territories in the west, he wanted to make a plan that would please both the north and the south so he created the Kansas Nebraska act.
How did the idea of popular soverignty lead to violence?
When people got to decide on Kansas, border ruffians came to vote and caused Kansas to go to a pro-slave legislature. prior to that time, that same region was banned of slavery under the missouri compromise of 1820. This led to more problems.
During the war with Mexico, David Wilmont proposed an idea that would ban slavery in any lands that might be annexed from Mexico. What was his idea called?
Wilmont Proviso
what is civil war?
a conflict between citizens of the same country.
What is popular sovereignty?
allows the people to decide. a popular vote
In 1850, Senator Henry Clay again tried to find a compromise. (California applied to become a free state, Washington DC wanted to ban slavery, The southern states wanted stronger laws re: runaway fugitives and talked about seceding from the Union). The key issue still was the _______.
balance of power in the Congress (senate side)
During 1848, the possiblity of new states entering the Union renewed Southern concern over the balance of power in ___________
congress, particularly the senate side.
Butler's cousin, Preston Brooks, beat Sumner with a cane on the senate floor. This incident and the Kansas feud reveled that tensions concerning slavery remain very ______ and there was rising hostility between the northerners and the southerners.
high
After the Kansas voted to be a slave state, the antislave people refused to accept laws set up so they created their own _______
rival government, where they armed themseleves, had their own elections and even adopted a constitution banning slavery.
Senator John Calhoun countered the idea by David Wilmont by proposing that neither Congress nor a territorial government had the authority to ban _____________ or regulate or control it. (David you can't do that)!
slavery
Finally, it seemed the issue of slavery was over because of the compromise of 1850. How long before the issue came up again, and the civil war began?
ten years
What part of the country really resented the Fugivite Slave Act?
the northern states
In 1820 how many states were "free" or "slave" at that time? What was the problem with just adding Missouri as a slave state?
there were 11. It would upset the balance of power in congress bc there would be more slave states if Missouri just entered Union.
Right after the Kansas-Nebraska act became law, what happened to Kansas? THIS IS ON PINK SHEET
A Pro-slavery legislature was elected. (The Anti-slavery people got mad and made their own government. So two rival governments existed in Kansas which led to violence and the "bleeding of Kansas"
Why did the Missouri Compromise become an issue again in 1850?
Because Douglas wanted to get rid of it and reorganize the area and called it the Kansas-Nebraska
What happened when California applied to be a state in 1849? (did they want to be a free or slave state)?
California wanted to enter the union as a free state.
Clay's proposal of 1850 was a compromise which means each side doesn't get everything. What did the people who opposed slavery gain? And what did people who were for slavery gain?
California would be a free state and Slave trade would be banned from DC; All the new territories would have no limits on slavery
During the election of 1848, what political party was formed when neither presidential candidate would take a stand on slavery. Their slogan was "Free Soil, Free Speech, Free Labor and Free Men"
Free-Soil party
What was John Brown's role in events that will become known as "Bleeding Kansas"?
He retaliated because of the attack on Lawrence. He believed he was to rid the country of slavery so he attacked pro-slave people on the Pottawatomie creek and killed them. Armed bans soon roamed the territory and civil war broke out in Kansas.
Who was the speaker of the house who proposed the Missouri Compromise and what did he propose?
Henry Clay; said to 1. add Maine(who wanted to break away from Mass.) as a free state, 2. add Missouri as a slave state 3. ban all slavery in the remainder of the LA territory NORTH of 36/30 north parallell.
What was the Fugitive Slave Act?
It was part of the Compromise of 1850. It required all citizens to help catch runaway slaves. Anyone who helped slaves got fined $1,000 or imprisoned.
Who was it that oppossed Clay's plan saying that the north and south should get along, but if they couldn't he'd let the south secede from the Union.
John Calhoun
President Zacary Taylor died, so who became President? He supported the compromise of 1850.
Millard Fillmore
In 1820 what state wanted to enter the union as a slave state? KNOW THIS DATE
Missouri
Who protested the Passage of the Kansas - Nebraska act? What were their feelings about it?
Northerners protested because it was in free for 30 years and passage of the act could allow slavery into those areas.
violence in congress! Charles Sumner was an _______ senator from Massachusetts that spoke on The Crime Against Kansas. He criticized pro slavery senators such as Andrew Butler of South Carolina.
Abolitionist (one who opposed slavery)
Who were border ruffians and what did they do?
They were Missourians who crossed the border to help Kansas become a slave state.
How did the Fugitive Slave Act and the Kansas-Nebraska Act further divide the North and the South?
The slave act made northerners more bitter toward the south; the Kansas -Nebraska Act resulted in a civil war in Kansas ("Bleeding Kansas")
What territories (name them) renewed the dispute over the issue of slavery in the 1840's?
The territories of Texas, New Mexico, and California