US HISTORY CHAPTER 5 QUIZ

What could be the motto of the middle colonies? What does this mean?

"God gives all things to industry" God will reward you for commerce. Work is faith.

What similarities did all the colonies in North America have?

-Economic roots in agriculture -Religion declined in the 18th century -Identity as British colonists -Consumption of British exports

Compare 1700 Middle Colonies to 1770 Middle Colonies

1770 - Tons and tons of immigrants because of freedom of religion and opportunity. Economy in 1770 was much better than in 1700 because of the increase in grain exports. in 1700 the middle colonies were 1/2 as populated as New England colonies. Became more diverse because of european immigrants. Became the bread bowl.

Enlightenment

A philosophical movement that put stress on the use of reason. looked at old doctrines and traditions in a new way and encouraged examination of the world --> Science.

Partible Inheritance

A system in New England where sons of families were given equal pieces of land. The bigger families got, the less land each son got and the less profit they could make from this land. This caused a lot of people to move out of their family land. It also caused Land speculators to come and buy up small plots of land (Early american capitalism.)

Task System

A system slave owners used that set daily tasks for slaves. If the slaves finished their daily task, they could have free time. This gave the slaves more freedom than most systems.

Great Awakening

A wave of religious speakers attempting to revive religion in the colonies. Emphasized religious faith and personal choice. Preachers would give powerful sermons in front of a lot of people.

Who is George Whitefield?

An Anglican revivalist who is considered the most famous revivalist because of his powerful sermons

Why didn't immigrants like to go to New England?

Because the Puritans controlled most of New England and they didn't allow freedom of religion and other freedoms

Who was the symbolic New Englander? Why?

Commerce became more important in peoples lives than religion so the merchants were the symbolic new englanders instead of the priests.

What caused the decline in religion in the 18th century?

Commerce became more important than religion because it more directly affected the colonist's every day lives.

Where did New England make its money?

Fish, Livestock, Logging,

Presidios

Forts built by Spain in California to keep the Russians out.

What made so many immigrants come to the middle colonies?

Freedom of religion, opportunity, land, lots of labor jobs

What were the major markets for trade coming out of Europe?

Going out: Manufactured goods Coming in: Tobacco, Rice, Grain, Fish, Fur

Redemptioners

Like Indentured Servants. Mostly German people who couldn't pay for their passage to the New World who made a deal with a ship captain. They would make money in the New World to pay for their passage to Philadelphia , usually by working as a servant. Redemptioners had more choice than Indentured servants and did not serve terms as long as Indentured Servants.

Where did The Middle Colonies make their money?

Mostly grain products

New Negroes

Newly arrived African slaves.

How rich was the average New England individual?

Not rich compared to colonists in the middle and south colonies, but wealthy enough to get by for the most part. The average person in New England was better off than the average person in England

Scots-Irish

People from Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Northern England who came to America (mostly the middle colonies) because of the deteriorating economic situations in their home countries.

Compare 1700 Southern Colonies to 1770 Southern Colonies

Population grew due to natural increase and immigration. Especially slave immigration. Slavery grew a ton between 1700 and 1770. Southern colonies grew so much economically due to the increase in slavery. They supplied 90% of all north american exports to Britain in 1770. Rice and indigo production grew. Influenced by African cultures.

Natural Increase

Population increase by reproduction. This was a large contributor to the population growth in the colonies, especially New England since they did not have as many immigrants as other colonies.

Compare 1700 New England to 1770 New England

Puritans had a tighter grasp on New England society in 1700. Income gap grew larger. Growth lagged behind other colonies in 1770 because of Puritan power. Population, wealth, and commercial activity changed a lot from 1700-1770. Commerce began to compete with religion. Very populated compared to other colonies in 1700 but less so in 1770. Other colonies caught up in population and surpassed in wealth.

What was the overall dominant faith in the colonies in the 18th century?

Religious Indifference

How did slavery influence the society and economy of the southern colonies?

Slavery drastically changed the society and economy in the South because of how widely it was used. In some parts of the Southern colonies, the slaves were the majority. This caused African cultures to rub off on the colonies. Since slaves worked for life, they were a good investment for the planters who desperately needed labor. With all of their labor needs being met because of slavery, Southern planters made huge profit on their crops.

What was the Stono Rebellion and why is it significant?

The Stono rebellion was a slave rebellion where a group of slaves tried to rebel against their white owners but were shut down immediately. This highlighted how slaves in the 18th century had no chance of overturning slavery and could not defend themselves if they tried to attain freedom.

Pennsylvania Dutch

The german immigrants in the middle colonies

Middle Passage

The route the slaves were shipped on. Awful conditions. Too many slaves on one boat.

What caused many colonists to go into debt?

Their "eagerness to consume exceeded their ability to pay" People realized you did not have to be rich to buy things they did not need. People now thought of themselves as individuals who had the power to make decisions that influenced the quality of their lives.

What did colonists think of Native Americans in the 18th century?

They thought of them as dangerous enemies, powerful allies, and good trade partners

What was the dual identity if British North American colonists?

They thought of themselves as colonists and as British. Bonds with British Empire forced them to see themselves as British subjects but the colonies were so different than Britain. They developed a completely new way of living. These battling identities were the source of built up tension between the colonists and the British Empire.

Where did Southern Colonies make their money?

Tobacco, Rice, Indigo