US History EOC Review Guide

Which headline best illustrates the operation of checks and balances?

"President Andrew Johnson Impeached by the House of Representatives"

"U.S. Sends Aid to Greece and Turkey" "China Falls to Red Communists" "Senator Joe McCarthy Claims Communists Infest U.S. Government" Which generalization regarding these headlines is most valid?

. The Cold War affected United States domestic and foreign policy.

diverse religions including Protestants, Jews, Catholics, and Quakers hundreds of miles of navigable rivers fertile soil and mild winters natural harbors including the cities of Philadelphia and New York peaceful existence with Native Americans based on trade Which of the following colonial regions is BEST described in the bullets above?

Mid-Atlantic

Put the following time periods in correct chronological order from first to most recent.

The Great Awakening Indian Removal Reconstruction The Progessive Era

Which statement about the Missouri Compromise (1820) is most accurate?

The balance between free and slave states was maintained.

"Uncle Tom's Cabin Stirs Controversy" "Kansas Rocked by Bloody Conflict" "John Brown's Raid Angers South" Which statement about the United States in the 1850s is best supported by these headlines?

The nation had grown increasingly divided over the future of slavery.

I. _________________________________ 1. national government unable to levy direct taxes 2. no single national currency 3. lack of a powerful chief executive Which heading best completes the partial outline above?

Weaknesses under the Articles of Confederation

What was one effect of the Bolshevik Revolution (October 1917) on the United States?

a. Fear of domestic socialism increased, leading to the Red Scare.

American colonial troops led by General Horatio Gates British army had planned to seize control of New York City Securing the high ground over the Hudson River Valley gave colonists a tactical advantage American victory solidified the French alliance with the colonies Which battle during the American Revolution is described in the bullets above?

a. Saratoga

"This Government, as promised, has maintained the closest surveillance of the Soviet Military buildup on the island of Cuba. Within the past week, unmistakable evidence has established the fact that a series of offensive missile sites is now in preparation on that imprisoned island. The purpose of these bases can be none other than to provide a nuclear strike capability against the Western Hemisphere. . . ." — President John F. Kennedy, October 22, 1962 Which action did President Kennedy take following this statement?

a. ordering a naval blockade of Cuba

In the Camp David Accords (1978), President Jimmy Carter succeeded in

a. providing a foundation for a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel

"Franklin Roosevelt's rapid conversion from Constitutionalism to the doctrine of unlimited government is an oft-told story. . . . I am here concerned . . . by the unmistakable tendency of the Republican Party to adopt the same course. The result is that today neither of our two parties maintains a meaningful commitment to the principle of States' Rights. Thus, the cornerstone of the Republic, our chief bulwark against the encroachment of individual freedom by Big Government, is fast disappearing under the piling sands of absolutism...." Source: Barry Goldwater, a Republican senator from Arizona, The Conscience of a Conservative, 1960. According to the passage above, conservative leader Barry Goldwater believed that

a. the authority of the federal government had exceeded the Constitution's original intention

Slavery throughout the United States was permanently abolished by the

adoption of the 13th amendment to the Constitution

". . . Every thing that is right or reasonable pleads for separation. The blood of the slain, the weeping voice of nature cries, 'TIS TIME TO PART. . . ." — Thomas Paine, "Common Sense" In this quotation, Thomas Paine is trying to convince the colonists to

b. declare their independence from England

Two reasons the decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) was so controversial is that it

b. declared that persons held in slavery are legally considered property

What was a major success of the national government under the Articles of Confederation (1781-1788)?

b. developing a plan for the admission of new states

Demands for the calling of a Constitutional Convention in 1787 reflected the growing belief that the

b. national government needed to be strengthened

We intend to begin on the first of February unrestricted submarine warfare. We shall endeavor in spite of this to keep the United States of America neutral. In the event of this not succeeding, we make Mexico a proposal or alliance on the following basis: make war together, make peace together, generous financial support and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona.... - Zimmerman telegram, 1917 The disclosure of this document contributed to

b. the entry of the United States into World War I

Britain ended the practice of salutary neglect following the French and Indian War (1754-1763) which directly contributed to the

c. colonial protests of Americans against new taxes

The development of suburban areas in the United States during the 1950s can best be attributed to

c. increasing development of the national highway system

"It is necessary only to glance at a map to realize that the survival . . . of the Greek nation [is] of grave importance in a much wider situation. If Greece should fall under the control of an armed minority, the effect upon its neighbor, Turkey, would be immediate and serious. Confusion and disorder might well spread throughout the entire [region]. . . ." — President Harry Truman, 1947 The United States government responded to the situation described in this quotation by

c. offering economic aid to many European nations

Because of the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765, many colonists began to believe that

c. they should only abide by laws enacted by their own representatives

What was one major result of the Soviet launch of Sputnik I and the "space race" that followed during the 1950s and 1960s?

d. improvements in math and science education

Before 1763, most American colonists settled near the Atlantic Coast or rivers because

d. navigable water offered easier access to trade and employment

"... It is important that the reasons for my action be understood by all our citizens. As you know, the Supreme Court of the United States has decided that separate public educational facilities for the races are inherently unequal and therefore...school segregation laws are unconstitutional...." — President Dwight D. Eisenhower, September 24, 1957 Which action did President Dwight D. Eisenhower take to enforce the Supreme Court decision described above?

d. sending United States Army troops to enforce school integration

During George Washington's presidency, the authority of the federal government was strengthened by the

d. suppression of the Whiskey Rebellion

Civilian Conservation Corps Tennessee Valley Authority Agricultural Adjustment Act Public Works Administration Federal Emergency Relief Agency The governmental agencies listed above were created in response to

d. the economic problems associated with the Great Depression

In the early 1900s, Progressive Era reformers sought to increase citizen participation in government by supporting the

direct election of US senators

The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 served to restrict

freedom of speech and freedom of the press

European Enlightenment writers of the 17th and 18th centuries such as John Locke influenced America's colonial development by providing

ideas about self-government and political rights

In the 1700s, the part of the triangular trade system known as the "Middle Passage" led directly to the

increased importation of enslaved Africans to the Western Hemisphere

During both Andrew Jackson's presidency in the 1830s and the Progressive movement in the early 1900s, democracy was expanded by

increasing citizen participation in the government

...In this present crisis, government is not the solution to our problem; government is the problem. From time to time we've been tempted to believe that society has become too complex to be managed by self-rule, that government by an elite group is superior to government for, by, and of the people. Well, if no one among us is capable of governing himself, then who among us has the capacity to govern someone else? All of us together, in and out of government, must bear the burden. The solutions we seek must be equitable, with no one group singled out to pay a higher price.... — President Ronald Reagan, Inaugural Address, January 20, 1981 The Reagan administration tried to deal with the situation described in this statement by

limiting the role of the federal government

Identify TWO of the main reasons that the Southern colonies developed an economy based almost exclusively on agriculture in the 17th century?

long, warm growing seasons and fertile soil

The D-Day invasion in June 1944 was important to the outcome of World War II because it

opened a new Allied front in Europe

Before the former Confederate states could be readmitted to the Union, the congressional plan for Reconstruction required them to

ratify the 14th amendment

A major effect of the Watergate scandal of the 1970s was that it

reduced people's trust in government

During World War II, the federal government urged Americans to support the war effort by

reducing consumption of resources needed for the military

At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the Great Compromise and the Three-fifths Compromise both involved the issue of how

states would be represented in the national government

The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) affected African Americans by

upholding racial segregation