U.S. History Reconstruction to Present

What made the American Industrial Revolution so important in terms of what was accomplished during it?

Older inventions had vast improvements made on them.

President Benjamin Harrison was responsible for creating government policy with regard to Central and South America. This was to be the stepping-stone for future diplomatic endeavors. What was the name of this future organization?

Pan American Union

The U.S. Supreme Court case of _____ enforced the policy of "separate but equal" in this country.

Plessy v. Ferguson

Which political party developed the Omaha Platform of 1892?

Populist

John O'Sullivan coined the phrase ____ to describe America's right to expand to the Pacific Ocean.

"Manifest Destiny"

The Pendleton Act helped to relieve the issue of corruption in government. How did this act accomplish this goal?

Employment was based on an exam.

Susan Anthony and Elizabeth Stanton were responsible for starting the American ____ Rights Association in 1866.

Equal

What made farmers leave their farms and migrate to the big cities to work in factories?

Few regulations protected the prices of crops.

What were the three requirements of the Homestead Act if someone wanted to take advantage of its offer?

Fill out an application. File a deed of ownership. Make land improvements.

____ factors force people to move away due to persecution or famine while ____ factors make people want to move away due to better job opportunities.

Push, pull

Why was China able to be taken advantage of early in the twentieth century by nations who traded with her?

The other nations were more technically advanced.

Although trains were invented long ago, what kept them from being really efficient?

Their tracks were too brittle.

How did Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Company get around laws that forbade companies in one state from underselling or doing business in other states?

They developed the idea of creating trusts.

What are two things Southern whites did to circumvent the Fifteenth Amendment?

They put into force a literacy requirement for the right to vote. They established a poll tax to make it too expensive to vote.

Why did conflict break out between the Filipino rebels and their ally, the U.S.?

They thought America would grant them total autonomy.

Match the vocabulary word with its meaning.

fear, alarm, or anxiety about a situation - consternation a belief that one race is superior to other races - racism to prevent a person from enjoying a privilege such as voting - disenfranchise

In 1792, the Federal treasury department determined that gold was worth how many times more than silver?

fifteen

Which of the following kinds of people were restricted from immigrating to America, based on a series of laws?

folks with diseases mentally unstable criminals

Ward bosses were responsible for _____.

handing out contracts and securing jobs.

Horace Mann believed that much needed to be done to improve education in America. What are three of the things he advocated to make that happen?

higher pay for teachers public funding for all schools mandatory education for all

What two events or circumstances drastically changed the demographics of larger, industrial cities?

immigrants ex-farmers

Match the following:

not limited by restrictions or regulations - unfettered the beginning; the start - inception dishonest or untrustworthy, especially in dealings with others - unscrupulous favoritism toward the native-born citizens of a country - nativism scrambling or climbing quickly toward something - clambering

According to the lesson, the ____ were the lowest level of workers in a political machine.

precinct captains

In the area of immigration, there are two factors that contribute to people leaving their countries for other ones. Which factor is related to a person leaving in order to experience more freedom and opportunity unrelated to persecution?

pull factor

Match the vocabulary word with its meaning.

required of all people in a particular group - compulsory a method of learning by repeating something over and over again - rote describes something that uses information from a variety of sources - eclectic

The U.S. Supreme Court ruling involving Homer Plessy reinforced a policy called _____.

separate but equal

The Populist Party got its start because of what event?

the Panic of 1873

After a naval board of inquiry determined that a mine had detonated under the hull, the press immediately placed all blame on ____ for the sinking of the battleship, U.S.S. Maine.

the Spanish

According to the lesson, what two things put an effective end to the Jim Crow laws in this country?

the Voting Rights Act of 1965 the Civil Rights Act of 1964

What did Roosevelt call himself after McKinley was assassinated?

the accidental president

Factors that led to the establishment of Jim Crow Laws included which of the following? (4/5 correct)

the literacy test requirement which prevented many blacks from voting Southerners' resentment of Federal troops on their soil

According to the lesson, what did the American Industrial Revolution give rise to as far as its citizens were concerned?

the middle class

Although the Emancipation Proclamation did nothing to actually free slaves,

the world then knew slavery would not be tolerated in the United States.

Match the vocabulary word with its meaning.

to lessen or decrease in size - abate the act of turning over a business to an independent entity while going through bankruptcy - receivership the process and actions of campaigning or running for office - politicking

Match the vocabulary word with its meaning.

to make something easier to accomplish; to help - facilitate to make something worse than it already is - exacerbate to trespass or intrude on another person's land - encroach

As immigrants arrived from many nations, why did it become necessary to restrict who and how many came to America?

Differences in culture were causing issues.

____ was responsible for the development of high schools.

Benjamin Franklin

The Spanish-American War took place in and around three island nations. What are their names?

Cuba Puerto Rico Philippines

What are three acquisitions that greatly expanded the territory of America before the Civil War?

Louisiana Purchase Texas Northwest Territory

How is steel made from iron?

Alloys are added to the iron.

The enduring understanding for this unit is: Choices made by people and nations impact and shape ____ history.

American

According to the lesson, what state passed the first immigration law in 1862?

California

Who was the French explorer who established Quebec?

Champlain

According to the lesson, what two Native American tribes suffered most from the Indian Removal Act?

Cherokee Choctaw

In the early years of America, why was the education of children not much of a priority?

Children had to work with parents, to help their families survive.

In part, the ____ Amendment states that no person who has committed treason or rebelled against the United States can hold public office.

Fourteenth

Protection for the U.S. government from having to pay back Confederate debts fell under the _____ Amendment

Fourteenth

The _____ did much to educate and provide jobs for newly freed slaves following the end of the Civil War.

Freedmen's Bureau

Which of the following was NOT invented in the early 1900s?

Frisbee

Generally speaking, why were girls not as well-educated as boys early in America's history?

Girls were expected to stay at home and learn domestic duties.

In what ways did railroads help both businesses and consumers?

Goods could be transported more cheaply. Costs went down while profits went higher.

America consists of different ____ of people.

Groups

President ____ was responsible for seeing that the Interstate Commerce Act, which regulated railroads, was passed.

Grover Cleveland

Who is the only American president to be married in the White House?

Grover Cleveland

Why did Benjamin Harrison and Grover Cleveland not campaign prior to the election of 1892?

Harrison's wife was gravely ill.

The U.S.S. Maine sank while sitting in ____ Harbor.

Havana

According to the lesson, why did President McKinley want to avoid getting involved in the conflict between Spain and Cuban rebels?

He knew it would require the use of a strong navy.

This 1862 act gave large tracts of land to people who were willing to move.

Homestead Act

What two things made it possible for the West to be settled so quickly?

Homestead Act Transcontinental Railroad

Jane Addams and Ellen Starr were the women who founded ____ House in 1890.

Hull

What was the significance of building the Panama Canal to America?

It connected the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, giving America more control of the Western Hemisphere.

What did the Nineteenth Amendment accomplish?

It gave women the right to vote.

What did the Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890 require the Federal government to do?

It had to purchase at least four million ounces of silver each month.

Why was the equal protection clause added to the Fourteenth Amendment?

It restricted the power of Black Codes already in force.

What organization did the Pendleton Act establish?

It started the Civil Service Commission.

What are two things that white encroachment did to Native American tribes?

It took away their hunting grounds. They lost sacred burial grounds.

Educator _____ was responsible for creating the first normal school.

James Carter

____ reinforced the idea of "separate but equal" in everyday American life.

Jim Crow laws

What famous businessman owned Standard Oil Company?

John D. Rockefeller

What was unique with political races during the Gilded Age?

Never had votes in presidential elections been so close.

The inventor ____ made a working electric motor that revolutionized the business world.

Nikola Tesla

Who was responsible for inventing the first working four-stroke engine?

Nikolaus Otto

Who was the founder of Christian Science?

Mary Baker Eddy

President ____ was the last president to have been a Civil War veteran.

McKinley

Julia Howe and Lucy Stone were responsible for the founding of the ____ Women Suffrage Association in 1869.

National

The first major labor union was founded in 1866 by William Sylvis. What was the name of this union?

National Labor Union

Which of the following is NOT a reason Europeans immigrated to the U.S. during the latter half of the nineteenth century?

Nativist groups began to encourage immigration.

What are three reasons why Reconstruction failed to live up to its potential?

Self-serving individuals took advantage of others. America could not overcome the issue of racism. There was a lack of unity in national government.

How was Rockefeller able to become so successful in the oil business?

Since he had so much money, he would underbid other companies. He set about forcing competitors to sell out to him.

Historically speaking, nations tend to follow the same pattern as they develop. Put the following time periods in the order in which they normally appear.

a period of exploration - first settlement of a region - second establishment of government - third growth of agriculture - fourth expansion of territory - fifth the birth of industry - sixth age of maturity - seventh stagnation and decline - eighth

Which of the following inventors made important strides in the field of electricity?

Tesla Faraday Edison

The term "Jim Crow" most likely came from _____.

a song and dance routine called Jump Jim Crow

Why did the due process clause need to be added even though it was already in the U.S. Constitution?

The clause needed to be added on a state level, not just Federal.

What kind of lasting effects did the Spanish-American War have on the United States?

The country acquired a number of different islands. There was need for a navy that could cover two oceans.

In what state did the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads meet after finishing the transcontinental railroad?

Utah

What American educator was partially responsible for the creation of the NAACP?

W.E.B. Du Bois

Match the vocabulary word with its meaning.

a state of being where something has reached its conclusion or outcome - fruition a state of being combined or included with something else - conjunction quickly and methodically growing or expanding - burgeoning

Match the vocabulary word with its meaning.

a system of commerce in which several companies work together to control prices and limit competition - trust to change back and forth, such as prices going up and down - fluctuate awkward, bulky, or difficult to deal with - cumbersome

What two purposes did the St. Lawrence River serve?

access to the Atlantic Ocean trading routes

A (n) ____ takes an act of two-thirds of Congress and ratification by three-fourths of the states.

amendment

What are three items from the Populist Party platform that eventually made their way into American life?

an eight-hour workday the direct election of senators a graduated income tax

According to the lesson, what things kept working conditions so poor in factories?

desire for big profits greed

The term ____ means to prevent a person from enjoying a privilege such as voting.

disenfranchise

Match the vocabulary words to their definitions.

to officially endorse or approve something, usually a document - ratify a change in a legal document, such as the Constitution - amendment a Northerner who moved to the South during Reconstruction - carpetbagger to prevent a person from enjoying a privilege, such as voting - disenfranchise to control all of a product or another person's time - monopolize favoritism toward the native-born citizens of a country - nativism a Southern white who joined the Republican Party during Reconstruction - scalawag a system of commerce in which several companies work together to control prices and limit competition - trust

Match the vocabulary word with its meaning.

to officially endorse or approve something, usually a document - ratify a change in a legal document, such as the Constitution - amendment the state of being ruled by another as a punishment - servitude

Match the following.

to take back or make void such as a ruling or decision - rescind ideas added to an already established plan of action - corollary a type of policy decision that increases a nation's territory or economy - expansionist

For what purpose was Harvard College originally founded?

to train ministers

Match the following terms:

very profitable or productive - lucrative an uprising or rebellion against established authority - insurrection the state of being blamed or considered guilty of a crime or misdeed - culpability

According to the lesson, what two events helped to redefine the social and economic characteristics of America during the latter half of the nineteenth century?

westward expansion Industrial Revolution

The social gospel movement was involved with:

women's suffrage children's rights