US History Semester 2 Final
Based on the map, which region most supported the ERA?
Northeast
In legal terms, the Brown decision in 1954...
declared the basis for segregation and Jim Crows laws illegal.
Truman used an executive order to end segregation in the military after...
Congress defeated his civil rights measures.
Which statement best describes the human toll of the Great Depression?
All types of people suffered in all areas of the country.
What was the main constitutional issue raised by the Japanese internment during World War II?
American citizens were denied due process of law.
What can you conclude from the graph about the amount of aid distributed by the Marshall Plan?
Billions of dollars were distributed in total US aid.
Most victims of the Dust Bowl moved to...
California.
Which statement best describes opponents of the New Deal?
Critics of the New Deal existed on both the left and the right.
In 1940, the United States decided it would provide "all aid short of war" to allies after...
Germany took France and attacked Great Britain.
How did the New Deal affect government's role in the economy?
Government took a more active role in managing the economy.
How did Roosevelt's foreign policy before the attack on Pearl Harbor reflect his ideas about neutrality?
He did everything he could to support democratic governments.
What does this quotation show about Justice Harlan's views about civil rights?
He disagreed with the majority of the Supreme Court.
How did Ronald Reagan's actions contribute to the end of the Cold War?
He increased US defense spending, which put extra pressure on the Soviet economy.
How did President Franklin Roosevelt respond to African American demands for equal rights?
He issued an executive order barring discrimination in jobs with federal contracts.
What did A. Philip Randolph do to push civil rights in 1941?
He organized a march to demand equal rights for African Americans.
How did President Roosevelt help farmers during the Great Depression?
He paid farmers to destroy some crops and leave fields unplanted.
How did Gorbachev's policies affect Soviet society?
His ideas of openness and reform led to independence for former satellites.
Which of the following groups was most influenced by the ideas of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.?
Hispanic farm workers in California
Which statement best describes a political reason for providing aid through the Marshall Plan?
If a country's economy was strong, communism was less attractive to voters.
How did professors sports chance after World War II?
Interest in professional sports was spread through nationwide television.
How did the New Deal coalitions affect politics in the United States?
It brought together a variety of groups that supported the Democratic Party.
Which best describes the Supreme Court decision handed down in Korematsu v. United States (1944)?
It declared the internment of Japanese Americans to be legal as a matter of military necessity.
How did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 affect equal access to education?
It gave the federal government more power to speed up school desegregation.
How did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 affect voter registration?
It increased the role of the federal government in voter registration.
How did the Federal Reserve affect investment in the stock market during most of the 1920s?
It kept interest rates low, and people borrowed money to invest in stocks.
How did assistance to Europe after World War II help the US economy?
It provided strong markets for US food and manufactured goods.
How did the Marshall Plan promote unity in Europe after World War II?
It required European countries to work together on a plan for economic recovery.
What effect did the 1979 invasion of Afghanistan have on the USSR?
It started a long war that was a factor in economic collapse.
Which statement best describes the diffusion i'd beat literature in the 1950s?
It started on both coasts and spread to college students.
How did the World Bank affect relationships between Europe and the United States?
It strengthened ties between Europe and the United States by helping build strong economies.
How did the United States respond to the rise of militarists and dictators in Japan, Germany, and Italy before 1937?
It tried to remain isolated from European conflicts.
Which statement is an argument for using the atomic bomb?
It was like other weapons of war, just more powerful.
How did the US military treat African Americans before World War II?
It was segregated and limited African American opportunities.
What was the significance of the Supreme Court's ruling in Pearson v. Murray in 1936?
It was the first victory for Charles Houston's legal strategy.
Which statement is an argument against using the atomic bomb?
Its power was greater than needed to defeat the Japanese.
Which president expanded the role of the federal government in social welfare programs the most?
Johnson
Which statement best describes how Americans felt about serving in the military during World War II?
Large numbers volunteered in spite of the hardships they would face.
The best-known resistance to school desegregation in 1958 occurred in...
Little Rock, Arkansas.
What role did Howard University play in the fight against segregation?
Many NAACP lawyers were trained at Howard Law School.
How did architecture reflect the values of the 1950s?
Mass-produced houses in the suburbs reflected the culture of conformity.
Which statement about conditions for African Americans in World War II is true?
Millions of African Americans served in the military and worked in defense industries.
How did the New Deal affect minority groups?
Minority groups became more politically active during the New Deal.
What was the result of raising tariffs after the Depression had begun?
Other countries did the same thing and exports dropped.
The Brown v. Board of Education case in 1954 overturned the ruling of...
Plessy v. Ferguson.
How did events in Birmingham, Alabama, in 1963 relate to the SCLC?
Protests and boycotts organized by the SCLC ended segregation in the city.
Which statement best describes integration in the US military during World War II?
Races were segregated, and minorities were often kept from combat roles.
How did African Americans gain more access to defense industry jobs during World War II?
Roosevelt signed an order for equal access after they threatened a large protest.
The Montgomery bus boycott of 1956 was sparked by the actions of...
Rosa Parks.
Which of these groups grew out of the SCLC?
SNCC
How did the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 affect Europe?
Some new constitutions in Europe reflected its guaranteed rights.
How are the Four Freedoms speech and the Atlantic Charter related?
The Atlantic Charter was built on the ideas in the Four Freedoms speech.
Based on the map, which statement about Europe in 1955 is true?
The Cold War had changed European alliances after World War II.
What does the cartoon show about the relationship between the Constitution and the Watergate crisis?
The Constitution had planned for the need to remove a president from office.
How did the Cold War affect the United Nations?
The UN became a forum where the United States and the USSR competed for power.
Which of these events was the most immediate cause of Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor?
The United States cut off oil sales to Japan.
Based on the graph, what can you conclude about countries that received aid under the Marshall Plan?
The aid helped Germany rebuild.
Why did the US military fear invading Japan in the summer of 1945?
The battles for Iwo Jima and Okinawa showed that an invasion would cost many casualties.
How did the civil rights movement affect the passage of civil rights laws in the 1960s?
The movement created pressure on Congress and helped pass civil rights laws.
How did the Cold War affect the economy of the USSR?
The nuclear arms race was a drain on the economy.
How did the power of the presidency increase during World War II?
The president expanded the government's role in controlling the economy.
Which statement best describes the way black and white lawyers worked to fight segregation after 1930?
The strategy was mostly defined and carried out by blacks with white support.
What did the Cuban Missile Crisis reveal about the Cold War?
The threat of nuclear war was a constant danger.
Which statement best describes the consequences of dropping atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the end of 1945?
There were several thousand casualties beyond the initial impact.
How did presidents Roosevelt and Truman support the fight against segregation in higher education?
They appointed liberal justices to the Supreme Court.
What was the reaction of President Hoover and Congress when the Great Depression first began?
They did not take action because they believed the economy could fix itself.
Which statement best describes ways Roosevelt's policies worked for financial reform?
They inspected and regulated banks and regulated the stock market.
What role did African-American churches in the North and South play in the spread of the civil rights movement?
They were centers for community action and helped organize civil rights protests.
President Carter proposed the "moral equivalent to war" to combat the problem of...
US dependence on foreign oil.
The United States and Great Britain broke the USSR's Berlin Blockade by airlifting supplies into the city. As a result...
West Berlin remained free of Soviet control.
Eastern European countries formed the Warsaw Pact in 1955 after...
West Germany was allowed to re-arm.
What was one of the main findings of the Presidential Commission on the Status of Women in the 1960s?
Women were generally paid far less than men.
Thurgood Marshall was extremely successful as...
a lawyer and judge who supported civil rights through the legal system.
In President Truman's view, the atomic bomb was...
a military weapon that should be used.
President Johnson's "Great Society" was...
a plan for government to support social programs.
One result of President Reagan's new economic policies was...
a sharp rise in the national debt.
"Pop art" in the 1960s took images from...
advertisements and comic strips.
What did the Supreme Court rule against in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke?
affirmative action programs that set a rigid quota for minority admissions
Social Security was established during the New Deal to provide pensions for retired workers. It also provided...
assistance for children and disabled people.
Why did both jazz and rock 'n' roll have their roots in the American South?
because they were both grounded in African-American culture
Thousands of Navajos distinguished themselves during World War II...
by using their language as a code the Japanese could not break.
The Supreme Court ruling in the case of Dred Scott v. Sanford in 1857...
denied the rights of any African Americans to be citizens.
President Clinton's welfare reform program changed welfare distribution so that money went...
directly to the states.
For the United States, the main success of the Korean War was that...
communism was contained without the use of nuclear weapons.
The issue in Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896 was whether African Americans...
could use the same facilities as whites.
The WPA and the CCC programs showed Roosevelt's belief in...
creating government jobs to get people back to work.
The Dust Bowl was caused by...
drought, winds, and poor farming practices.
According to the chart, the period when defense spending was the greatest percentage of the US budget was...
during the Cold War.
The specific effect of the 24th Amendment on voting was...
eliminating poll taxes.
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) was established to...
encourage nations to cooperate on monetary issues such as exchange rates.
By planning a protest in Washington in 1941, A. Philip Randolph helped...
end discrimination in defense hiring.
After World War II, Roosevelt's policies continued to influence Japan. They encouraged Japan to...
establish a new democratic constitution.
To help boost industry, Roosevelt...
established rules for industrial production, working conditions, and competition.
For President Kennedy, the New Frontier included...
exploring space and helping poor people.
The communist economy in the USSR before 1979...
had performed very poorly over many years.
Projects like the Tennessee Valley Authority and Central Valley Project in California...
harnessed natural resources to improve the quality of life in those areas.
Roosevelt accepted some of Stalin's ideas during the Yalta Conference because...
he needed Stalin's support in the war against Japan and for the United Nations.
Medicare and Medicaid were intended to provide...
health care for the elderly and the poor.
What did the African American and Hispanic American experiences during World War II have in common?
increased racial hostilities
The "New Frontier" is associated with...
increased spending on defense and the space program.
The cartoon refers to Roosevelt's attempt to increase his presidential power by...
increasing the number of judges on the Supreme Court.
President Franklin Roosevelt increased the power if the presidency by...
involving the government in the economy through the new agencies and programs.
New Deal farm programs were designed to reduce supply and raise prices. Opponents objected because they thought...
it was wrong to limit production of food when many people were hungry.
Which phrase best describes the focus of Charles Houston's legal strategy against segregation?
lack of equal opportunities for professional education
Combat soldiers in World War II often had...
little communication with loved ones at home.
One big change in women's roles during the World Wars was the...
number of women who worked in jobs previously reserved for men.
Legal victories by Native Americans during the 1970s and 1980s gained...
restoration of native land in several states.
After the Berlin Wall was opened in 1989, East Germany...
reunited with West Germany.
The cash-and-carry system of 1939 allowed the United States to...
sell war materials to allies as long as they paid cash and transported the goods themselves.
The California Master Plan of 1960 established...
state system of public college education for residents.
New Deal labor policies and programs generally...
supported fair labor practices, including a minimum wage for workers.
The United States containment policy in Latin America during the Cold War involved using...
the CIA to support any regime that opposed communism.
By 1941, the United States was in an undeclared war with Germany because...
the Navy was authorized to shoot at German submarines.
The Atlantic Charter of August 1941 became the basis of...
the United Nations.
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) helped...
the United States and European countries establish stronger ties through increased trade.
The constitutional crisis of Watergate concerned...
the balance of power and the system of checks and balances.
One effect of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was...
the creation of a federal commission to insure fair employment practices.
Presidential power expanded during the Great Depression because...
the economic and social problems were so severe.
Martin Luther King, Jr. wrote his "Letter from Birmingham Jail" to explain...
the need to protest against unfair treatment.
Malcolm X and the Black Muslims disagreed with Martin Luther King, Jr. over...
the philosophy of nonviolent resistance.
American women who worked in defense industries during World War II performed...
the same jobs as men but were paid less.
The United Stated suspended Jewish immigration around 1939. One reason was that...
there was fear of competition for jobs during the Depression.
Why was SEATO formed after France withdrew from Indochina in 1954?
to contain the spread of communism in Southeast Asia
What was the purpose of California Proposition 209?
to end affirmative action in state programs
Which goal best describes the USSR's intentions after World War II?
to expand communism into countries around the world
What was the main purpose of Roosevelt's Four Freedoms speech?
to set out a vision for a world in which war would be less likely
The greatest changes in presidential power during the Cold War involved...
use of troops without declaring war.
Martin Luther King, Jr. led civil rights protests that...
used nonviolence as their central approach.
One way Eisenhower showed his belief in the US Constitution was by...
using federal troops to enforce a Supreme Court decision.
The Double V campaign referred to...
victory against fascism and for equal rights.
Passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 came shortly after...
violent police response to a voting rights campaign in Selma.
During World War II, millions received a Purple Heart, a medal which signifies that a soldier...
was injured or killed in action.
African Americans during World War II...
were decorated as skilled pilots and soldiers.
At the time of the attack on Pearl Harboring 1941, the United States and Japan...
were involved in peace talks concerning conflicts in Asia.
According to the cartoon, Congressmen investigating suspected communists...
were willing to trample the rights of citizens as they hunted communists.
Most programs on 1950s television reflected images of...
white families living in the suburbs.
The United Nations is open to all nations...
willing to follow its rules.
Some people who opposed the ERA suggested that...
women's liberation was a threat to traditional American life.