US History semester test

Where was the Western Front?

between Germany and France

How did American Admiral William Sims change the war at sea?

by creating convoys in which merchant ships and small, maneuverable warships called destroyers traveled together

How did American fund the $32 billion war effort?

by raising taxes and selling bonds

The crisis in the Balkans represented a clash between which two ideals that were emerging in Europe?

nationalism and imperialism

What strike led to the dismissal of the entire tricking workforce

the Boston Strike

what was the purpose of the Committee on Public Information?

to sell the war effort to Americans

What was the aftermath of the war?

• Labor unrest: strikes, inflation, unemployment,racial unrest • Red Scare • Election of 1920-Warren G. Harding "Return to Normalcy"

What leads the US into the war?

• Propaganda (British & Germany) • Business community supported British • Unrestricted German U-boat attacks • Sinking of the Lusitania • Germany breaking the Sussex pledge • Zimmermann Telegram (Germany to Mexico)

What were the European alliances that were triggered when Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia?

Russia and France allied with Serbia against Austria-Hungary and Germany

How did the unification of the German states and the emergence of the German Empire lead to tensions in Europe?

Several countries feared that Germany would invade them and begin to create alliances.

Austria-Hungary's annexation of Bosnia in 1908 had what effect on the empire's relations with the Slavic people?

Slavs felt that Austria-Hungary had no intention of giving them independence

Why did England seek to forge alliances with France and Russia?

because Germany was creating a naval fleet that threatened the British navy

Why did trench warfare result in such horrific casualties?

because artillery and machine guns had made capturing an enemy's position nearly impossible

How did the Fuel Administration attempt to conserve coal and oil during the war?

by instituting Heatless Mondays and creating daylight savings time

What effect did the war have on women in America?

many took jobs that were traditionally held by men

The desire to promote one's own country's culture and interests above all other nations is called _________?

nationalism

General Pershing insisted the American soldiers who entered the war ________.

remain in American units under American command

What battle on the Western Front resulted in a massive German retreat?

the Battle of the Argonne Forest

Advancements in technology led to what new theater of battle?

the air, with dogfights between planes

Why did Congress pass the Selective Service Acts?

to draft Americans into the armed forces

What was the purpose of the wartime agencies created in the U.S. during WW1?

to foster cooperation between the national war effort and private businesses

What were the purposes of the Espionage and Sedition Acts?

to prevent spying and curtail criticism of the government

How did the arrival of American troops in Europe change the attitude of those fighting the war?

Allied forces were enthusiastic and German forces demoralized

What was the result of alliances between European countries against one another?

Countries began to engage in militarism

Who consisted of the Triple Alliance (central powers)?

Germany Austria-Hungary Italy

Who consisted of the Triple Entente (Allies)?

Great Britain France Russia

Why is it believed that Harding won by such a wide margin?

He promised an end to the reforms that had led to so much strife

During the Red Scare, Americans often linked ________ with radicalism

Immigrants

What caused rapid inflation in the U. S. after the war ended?

Jobs were scarce, and companies that were forced to keep prices low during the war raised them dramatically

What event triggered the start of WW1?

June 28, 1914:assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo by Gavrillo Princip

What were the 4 main causes of WW1

Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism

What event in April 1919 further fueled fears of Communist radicals in America?

The Postal Service intercepted 30 bombs to prominent Americans

What event allowed Germany to sign a treaty with Russia, ending their campaign in the east?

The Russian Revolution and establishment of anCommunist state

What result of inflation caused national unrest across the country in 1919?

Workers began to strike in massive numbers

What was the Red Scare?

a fear of Communists seizing control of America

In the 1920s election, Warren G. Harding ran on the platform of ________?

a return to normalcy

What were three of the main ideas in Wilson's Fourteen Points?

free trade and open diplomacy, national self-determination, and the establishment f the League of Nations

What were "victory gardens"?

gardens in which citizens grew their own vegetables

What was the primary reason that the Senate rejected the Treaty of Versailles?

it rejected the notion of a League of Nations

What event in 1914 triggered the beginning of WW1?

the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary

What was the "Great Migration"?

the movement of massive numbers of African Americans to the North to take factory jobs

What was the major cause of the outbreak of race riots during 1919?

the scarcity of jobs

What was the final German act that caused the United States to declare war on Germany?

the sinking of six American ships by German submarines

What was the Zimmermann telegram?

the telegram to Mexico from Germany promising to give Mexico land lost to the U.S. if they joined the war

What was the primary purpose of the War Industries Board?

to coordinate the production of war materials

What was the purpose of the Palmer Raids?

to seize and deport immigrant anarchists

What were some of the outcomes of WW1?

• Russia leaves-1917 (Russian Revolution) • US enters-1917 • Armistice-November 11, 1918 • Paris Peace Conference • Big Four -Woodrow Wilson(US) -David Lloyd George(GB) -Vittorio Orlando(Italy) • Wilson's Fourteen Points • League of Nations • Rejection of Treaty

What was combat like in WW1?

• Trench Warfare (no mans land) • poison gas • tanks • airplanes/blimps • convoys • American Expeditionary Force • John J Pershing

What were the effects of the war on the US?

• War Industries Board/National War Labor Board • Victory Gardens • Bond drives • Daylight savings time • "Great Migration" • Selective Service Act • African Americans and Women in the military