Us History: Unit 4: lessons
By 1914 two opposing camps had formed. The 1._____ was a pact between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. The 2._____ was a military pact between the United Kingdom, France, and the Russian Empire.
1.Triple Alliance 2.Triple Entente
Under President Roosevelt more than ___ acres of land were brought under government protection.
230,000,000
Select four simple strategies that Americans followed to help with wartime food conservation.
Sweetless Saturdays Wheatless Mondays War Gardens Meatless Tuesdays
To prevent a German ship from delivering arms and munitions to Mexico, Wilson ordered American troops to the city of _________.
Veracruz
The ___ within the U.S. Shipping Board coordinated the building or refurbishing of ships to provide troop transports and cargo ships.
Emergency Fleet Corporation
What is the purpose of the Federal Reserve?
The Federal Reserve was created to maintain a stable financial situation in our country.
Who developed the first commercially practical incandescent bulb?
Thomas Edison
Match the descriptions with the words. 1. enlist 2. exempt 3. conscription 4. defer 5. discretionary power
--- 1. to voluntarily enroll for military service 2. free from the same obligations that others are subject to 3. mandatory enrollment for military service 4. to put off some action until a future time 5. authority given to persons in authority to act according to their best judgement based on the current situation
What were the results of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913? a. created the _____ System b. divided the country into 12 regions with a(n) _____ in each region c. required all _____ to become members of the Federal Reserve System d. established how much money member banks must hold in _____ e. place limits on the amount of money banks could _____ f. controlled credit expansion through control of the _____, which is the amount of interest the Federal Reserve charges member banks on the money they borrow from the Fed g. issues paper currency called _____ Notes
--- a. Federal Reserve b. Federal Reserve Bank c. national banks d. reserve e. loan f. rediscount rates g. Federal Reserve
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1._____ new national parks and 2._____ wildlife preserves were created while Roosevelt was in office.
1. 5 2. 50
Political tensions in Europe in the first decade of the 20th century were caused by the conflicting philosophies of 1._____, which is the philosophy of extending the rule or authority of one nation over other nations either by conquest or colonization, and 2._____, which is the desire for national advancement or political independence. They were compounded by the numerous political and military 3._____ that had formed between European powers.
1.imperialism 2.nationalism 3.alliances
The American School Hygiene Association was formed in _____ to inspect schools for proper levels of health and sanitation.
1906
If you were 35 years old and the mayor of your town in 1918, you would have been classified as Class _____ by the Selective Service, which means that you would have been exempt from military service.
3
On October 15, 1914, Congress adopted the ___, which made interlocking directorates illegal if directors sitting on the boards of competing companies would form a monopoly if those companies merged. It also enabled the Supreme Court to break up holding companies that were deemed harmful to the economy.
Clayton Antitrust Act
An act of sabotage occurred at Black Tom Island in New York Harbor in which 2 million pounds of ammunition and explosives were detonated by ________ spies.
German
After President Madero of Mexico was murdered, _____ took over the government. His rule was determined to be hazardous to American interests, so President Wilson provided arms and munitions to his rivals, Venustiano Carranza and _____.
Victoriano Huerta Francisco "Pancho" Villa
If there are any errors contact us at: And remember crt+f for success
Congress passed a law requiring contributions to _______ to be made public.
political campaigns
Select the three basic tenets of Economic Progressivism.
redistribution of wealth public welfare regulation of business
Which Regional Federal Reserve bank issues notes with the following codes? 1. E5 2. H8 3. B2 4. K11
--- 1. Richmond 2. St. Louis 3. New York 4. Dallas
The ________ Act expanded the Sherman Antitrust Act to apply to holding companies.
Clayton Antitrust
________ was created to help settle disputes between laborers and business owners.
Department of Labor
Taft's foreign policy was called ________ which was intended to encourage American businessmen to invest capital in Latin America and the Far East.
Dollar Diplomacy
The ___ was designed to help conserve food and fuel and to regulate the flow and distribution of food and fuel during World War I.
Food and Fuel Control Act
The climax of the War of Currents came when ___ won the contract to illuminate the Chicago World's Fair.
George Westinghouse
In 1921, Congress approved separate peace treaties with _________, __________, and __________ that were signed by Wilson's successor, Warren G. Harding.
Germany Hungary Austria
What does an individual need to do to open an account with the Fed?
Individuals cannot open an account.
The United States tried to promote peaceful solutions to the potential conflicts by taking part in two international peace conferences held at The Hague in the Netherlands. The conference of 1899 allowed for the establishment of the ________ to help settle international disputes.
International Court of Arbitration
______ was the founder of the Sierra Club.
John Muir
President Wilson was so convinced that future world peace could only be effectively achieved through establishment of an open forum, called the __________, that he was willing to compromise on other issues to get his idea accepted.
League of Nations
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The "Big Three" who hammered out the final details of the peace treaty with Germany were President 1._____ of the United States, Prime Minister 2._____ of the United Kingdom, and Prime Minister 3._____ of France.
1. Woodrow Wilson 2. David Lloyd George 3. Georges Clemenceau
Economic progressives believed in 1._____ and free-enterprise but also believed that business without any oversight would become 2._____.
1. capitalism 2. corrupt
On September 26, 1914, Congress created the Federal Trade Commission, which has the authority to: a. investigate businesses involved in 1._____ b. issue 2._____ on business practices it determines to be unfair
1. interstate commerce 2. restraints
The overt act of war committed by Germany on March 17, 1917, was the sinking of three 1._____ American merchant ships by German 2._____, which resulted in Congress declaring war on April 6, 1917.
1. unarmed 2. U-boats
________ and ________ were admitted to the United States.
Arizona New Mexico
Which Regional Federal Reserve bank issued this note?
New York
In response to the raid on American soil, President Wilson sent General John Pershing and 15,000 troops to Mexico to attempt to capture _______.
Pancho Villa
______ allowed delivery of packages.
Parcel post
Why did the Progressive Party become known as the Bull Moose Party?
Political cartoonists picked up on Roosevelt's statement that he felt "like a bull moose."
The first act of unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany to gain international attention occurred on May 7, 1915, with the sinking of the ________, a large passenger liner returning to England from a trip to New York.
RMS Lusitania
On December 24, 1906, ___ successfully transmitted his voice and music using radio waves.
Reginald Fessenden
Wilson also prompted Congress to pass the ___, which imposed a progressive income tax on wage earners.
Revenue Act of 1913
Before becoming the President after Roosevelt, William Howard Taft had been _______.
Secretary of War
Research question—Which two Federal Reserve notes depict men who were never president?
The $10 bill The $100 bill
How does the Fed accomplish its goal?
The Federal Reserve manipulates the money supply and credit rates to maintain financial balance in our country.
President Roosevelt used ________ to get the United Mine Workers back in the coal mines.
arbitration
The peace treaty, known as the __________ was signed on June 28, 1919—exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand.
Treaty of Versailles
A Federal Reserve note is "cash." It only has value (fiat) because the government says it does.
True
A collector could exchange Thrift Stamps for ___ Stamps, which would earn interest, so that when the war was over, they could be redeemed for their face value plus the interest they had earned.
War Savings Certificate
The creation of new nations and the enlarging of others according to the terms of the treaty was an attempt to carry out Wilson's principle of political self-determination for various nationalities of __________ Europeans.
eastern
At the center of dispute in 1914 were the Balkan States, which included the countries on the Balkan Peninsula as well as Romania, Slovenia, parts of Italy, and western Turkey. The interests in this region were primarily _________, but they were serious enough to produce the spark that lit the fuse of world war.
economic
Formed to hold stock in companies but not get involved in everyday operation.
holding company
To raise money for the war effort, the U.S. government increased income taxes and initiated new tax programs, such as excess profit taxes, inheritance taxes, and ___ taxes on theater tickets, tobacco products, and other such items.
luxury
Form of management that exclusively controls a product or service.
monopoly
On March 15, 1913, Woodrow Wilson became the first President to give a ___, which is a time when the President meets with journalists and answers their questions.
press conference
Select five types of public welfare programs enacted by Progressives.
social security programs education health care workers' safety public services
President Roosevelt was concerned that wage earners get a "______ deal."
square
Germany's interference of the freedom of the seas consisted of unrestricted ________ warfare, which resulted in the sinking of merchant and passenger ships, causing lives, as well as property, to be lost.
submarine
A legal entity acting on the behalf of a person, group, or business to manage their assets.
trust
In 1897, ___ conducted a series of demonstrations in which he transmitted Morse code using radio waves.
Guglielmo Marconi
Which statement is true about Thomas Edison?
He proposed using DC electricity to provide power for home and commercial lighting.
Which statement best describes President Wilson's attitude toward World War I at the beginning of the war?
He thought that the United States should not get involved with the war and should remain neutral and impartial.
One of the major opponents to the League of Nations was _______, a U.S. senator from Massachusetts, who was also chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.
Henry Cabot Lodge
In a progressive income tax system, the tax rate ______ as earnings increase.
increases
Match the following actions by President Roosevelt's administration and how they contributed to protecting the environment. 1. Reclamation Act (1902) 2. U.S. Forest Service 3. Antiquities Act
--- 1. desert land was put to productive use 2. created to manage and protect 150 national forests 3. allows natural landmarks to be protected as national monuments
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______ won the War of Currents.
Alternating Current
What best explains the origins of social Darwinism and why it eventually lost popularity?
Herbert Spencer, inspired by Charles Darwin, believed that the "survival of the fittest" would ultimately produce a perfectly balanced society. Its popularity declined after two major world wars convinced followers that the world was not getting better.
On April 24, 1917, the U.S. Treasury Department began issuing ___ that Americans could purchase, and then, after the war, they could redeem them for the face value plus interest.
Liberty Bonds
How did mass production of Model T Fords enable Henry Ford to sell his cars for only $240?
Mass production decreased production time so he could sell more and charge less.
What happened on November 2, 1920, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania?
The first commercially licensed radio station, KDKA Radio, broadcast the 1920 Presidential election returns.
Match the economic philosophies in order of their relative positions on the illustration.
--- E. laissez-faire capitalism C. social-market capitalism B. socialism A. communism D. free-market capitalism
A group that, without a formal agreement, agrees to cooperate in order to control a market or industry.
pool
After the assassination, Austria issued a(n) _________ with a series of demands that had to be met within 48 hours.
ultimatum
In 1912, Theodore Roosevelt formed the Progressive Party. Their platform included: a. strict government regulation of b. a simpler and quicker method of amending the c. women's d. an aggressive program e. a(n) work day f. elimination of
--- a. big business b. Constitution c. suffrage d. conservation e. eight-hour f. child labor
Match the descriptions with the words. 1. international combustion 2. mass production 3. standardization 4. interchangeable 5. division of labor 6. Henry Ford 7. aviation 8. zeppelin 9. blimp 10. Orville and Wilbur Wright
--- 1. type of engine powered by the burning of fuel inside cylinders within the engine 2. large-scale production of a manufactured item using standardization and division of labor 3. concept in which manufactured parts of an item are all made to a certain standard and each part meets that same standard 4. part that can be exchanged for the same part of another of the same item 5. concept in which a task is divided among several workers who each complete a step contributing to the completion of the whole task 6. owner of an automobile company who used mass production to make affordable cars 7. the production, operation, and use of aircraft 8. airship with a lightweight, rigid frame to maintain its shape 9. airship without a rigid frame that relies on the pressure of the gas to maintain its shape 10. built the first successful controlled, powered, manned, heavier-than-air craft
The 1.____-2.____ Act of 1910 strengthened government control over railroad shipping rates and over means of communication like telephone, telegraph, and cable companies.
1. Mann 2. Elkins
1._____ devised a scheme to get the United States to remove Carranza from power by murdering 18 Americans in northern 2. _____ and blaming Carranza. Then he led a raid across the border into 3. _____, 4. _____.
1. Pancho Villa 2. Mexico 3. Columbus 4. New Mexico
German agents in the United States tried to stop the flow of munitions to the Allies by inciting 1. ____, plotting 2. _____, setting 3. _____, and other 4. _____ acts of .
1. labor strikes 2. bombings 3. fires 4. sabatoges
As a result of political tension, Russia, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Austria-Hungary were all building up their military strength. Russia, France, and Germany had each doubled the size of their 1._____. Great Britain and Germany had greatly increased the size of their 2._____.
1.armies 2.navies
When the Mexican dictator, Huerta, fled to Europe in the summer of 1914, _______ took over the government and promised to end all hostilities and respect the lives and property of all foreigners.
Carranza
Financial stability was achieved in the regions of ________ and the ________ with the financial and military support of the United States.
Dominican Republic Haiti
Which statement is NOT true about George Westinghouse?
He was backed by the inventions of Albert Einstein.
Which statement is NOT true of Woodrow Wilson?
He was the only President to be elected by an Electoral Commission.
What happened on December 17, 1903, on the beach near Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina?
Orville and Wilbur Wright flew the first successful controlled, powered, manned, heavier-than-air craft.
______ allowed post offices to function as savings banks.
Postal savings system
To mobilize transportation, President Wilson issued an executive order creating the U.S. ___ that consolidated all railroads under the authority of Secretary of the Treasury.
Railroad Administration
As the first major tariff revision since the Civil War, the ___ was signed into law by Wilson in order to lower tax rates and even place some items on the tax-free list.
Underwood-Simmons Bill
U.S. mobilization for the war had several aspects: a. _____, such as the Army and Navy, had to be recruited and trained. b. _____ had to be reorganized to produce things necessary for the war effort. c. _____ had to be restructured to better serve the war effort. d. _____, such as money, food, medical supplies, and raw materials, had to be reallocated to support the war effort.
a. Armed Forces b. Industries c. Transportation d. Resources
In preparation for war, the U.S. Congress passed the National Defense Act in 1916 which provided for: a. increasing the size of the _____ b. organizing a(n) _____ of 450,000 men c. authorizing the spending of over $500 million for the building of _____
a. Army b. National Guard c. warships
Discuss the Zimmermann Telegram: a. It was a coded telegram sent on January 16, 1917, from _____, Germany's State Secretary for Foreign Affairs, to _____, Germany's ambassador in Mexico. b. The telegram asked the ambassador to discuss with the Mexican President the possibility of Mexico declaring war on the United States if the _____ should enter the war in _____. c. In return, Germany would help finance their war effort and help Mexico recover all the territory lost to the United States as a result of the _____. d. The telegram was intercepted and decoded by _____ agents and made public.
a. Arthur Zimmerman - Heinrich von Eckardt b. United States - Europe c. Mexican-American War d. British
Two alliances emerged from the warring factions: a. The Triple Alliance became the _____, which included Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire. b. The opposing faction was the _____, which included the United Kingdom, France, Russia, Serbia, Belgium, Romania, Japan, Portugal, Montenegro, Greece, and Italy.
a. Central Powers b. Allied Powers
U.S. sympathy was growing toward the Allies in World War I because: a. Americans had a heritage in _____ law, institutions, and culture. b. Americans had a high respect for _____ for the help it had given America in the American War for Independence. c. Americans believed that an Allied victory would help extend the ideals of self-government and _____ throughout the world. d. The German ____ was not compatible with American ideals, so the Germans were considered the "bad guys." e. Americans were angered by reports of ____ during the war.
a. English b. France c. freedom d. dictatorial government e. German atrocities
List some facts about the Balkan country of Serbia. a. It won its independence from the _____ in 1814. b. Though small in size, it had a large, efficient _____. c. Its economy was largely under the control of the . d. Because it was intensely _____, Serbians wanted to unite all the South Slavs into one nation that they wished to name _____, which means land of the South Slavs. e. It was also this feeling that led Gavrilo Princip, a young Serbian, to assassinate _____, heir to the Austrian throne, in Sarajevo.
a. Ottoman Empire b. army c. Austria-Hungary Empire d. nationalistic - Yugoslavia f. Archduke Franz Ferdinand
After the SS Sussex, a French passenger ferry was torpedoed by a German U-boat, the United States threatened to break off diplomatic relations with Germany. Germany issued the Sussex Pledge promising: a. _____ would not be targeted. b. Merchant ships would not be sunk until the presence of _____had been established, if necessary by a search of the ship. c. Merchant ships would not be sunk without provision for the safety of passengers and _____.
a. Passenger ships b. weapons c. crew
Men were mobilized in two ways: a. Many men voluntarily _____ in the military. b. Congress passed the Selective Service Act of 1917 that authorized the government to use _____ (mandatory enrollment) to raise an army.
a. enlisted b. conscription
One of the most significant advances in technology during the Progressive Era was in the area of ___, which is the supplying of electricity to a region or area.
electrification