UTM Krueger Bio 130 Mock Exam 4

Arthropods

Animal phylum that contains the most known species

Ecdysozoa Phylums

Arthropoda and Nematoda

Phylum mollusca classes

Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Cephalopoda

Cnidocytes

Cells along tentacles in cnidarians which contain a nematocyst (projectile)

Cnideria

Diploblast

Deuterostome Phylums

Echinodermata(starfish, sea urchins) and Chordata(sea squirts, lancelets, vertebrate)

Arthropods

Have jointed appendages

Jawless Fish

Includes hagfish and lampreys

acelomates

No true gut(flat worm)- phylum Platyhelminthes

Protostome Phylums

Phylum Mollusca(octopus, squid), Phylum Arthropoda(lobster, centipedes, insects), Phylum Annelida(earthworms, leeches),

Lophotrochozoa Phylums

Platyhelminthes(flatworms), Mollusca(mollusks), Annelida(segmented worms)

Phylum Nematoda

Pseudocoelomates(hydrostatic skeleton), Cylindrical body, unsegmented, covered by cuticle

Bivalvia (Mollusca)

These have a muscular foot, mantle, and a visceral mass(Oysters, clams, mussels)

Bivalves differ from other molluscs in that they ___________. a. are predators d. have no cephalization b. have shells e. have radial symmetry c. are aquatic

d. have no cephalization

The 2 pairs of limbs in tetrapods is thought to have evolved from ________. a. jawless fish d. lobe-finned fish b. amphibians e. tunicates c. echinoderms

d. lobe-finned fish

Crustaceans

lobster are in this subgroup

Antheridium

male gametangia in land plants

Microphyll

most primitive leaf type containing only one strand of vascular tissue

Phylum Porifera (parazoa)

multicellular organisms without tissues, organs, or body cavity, sessile adults, suspension feeders, only one that isn't Eumetazoa

Insects

only arthropod group with some species that can fly

Platyhelminthes

phylum containing acoelomate worms

Angiosperms

plant group that produces fruits

Nonvascular Plants

plant group with a gametophyte-dominated life cycle

Angiosperms

plants that produce seeds in carpels

Deuterostome cleavage pattern

radial and indeterminate

Gastropoda (Mollusca)

snails and slugs

Phylum Mollusca

soft bodied animals clams, octopus, snails, squid

Protostome cleavage pattern

spiral and determinate

Cephalapoda (Mollusca)

squids and octopus

Amphibians

tetrapods that are tied to the water for reproduction and gas exchange through their skin

Chondricthyes

this group of jawed fish has a cartilage skeleton, but lacks a swim bladder

Gemmae

tiny bits of tissue that detach from a moss or liverwort forming new individuals through asexual reproduction

Coelomates

true gut

Megaspore

type of spore that develops into a female gametophyte in a heterosporous plant

Nonvascular Plants

use rhizoids to attach them to surfaces

Nematoda

worms that molt a cuticle

Annelida

All but the leeches have chaetae

Parazoa/Eumetazoa Split

- Absence/Presence of tissues - Asymmetry/Symmetry

Tracheids

1st water-conducting cells to evolve in plants

Crustaceans

2 pairs of antennae

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Worms with flat bodies that provide high surface area for gas exchange and waste disposal(planarians). Some parasitic(trematodes and tapeworms)

Which of the following is the most diverse group of mammals? Their offspring undergo complete embryonic development inside the mother and are, therefore, born more developed than offspring in the other mammal groups. a. Eutherians d. Turtles b. Birds e. Monotremes c. Marsupials

a. Eutherians

Which of the following animal groups is matched with an incorrect characteristic? a. Parazoa - have tissue b. Protostomes - have determinate cleavage c. Deuterostomes - have radial cleavage d. Acoelomates - lack a body cavity e. Diploblasts - have endoderm

a. Parazoa - have tissue

True or False. "Both angiosperms and gymnosperms produce seeds and pollen." a. True b. False

a. True

Stomata in plants do which of the following? a. allow gas exchange d. increase water uptake b. provide support for upright growth e. transport sugars through the plant c. enhance nutrient uptake

a. allow gas exchange

Because many angiosperms are animal pollinated, an alteration in the shape or color of a flower can select for new adaptions in its pollinator. This phenomenon, where a genetic change in one species triggers a change in the other, is called _______________. a. coevolution d. homology b. adaptive radiation e. convergent evolution c. codominance

a. coevolution

Animals without limbs sometimes move using a fluid filled body cavity than can change shape with different muscle contraction. This system of body support/movement is called a(n) ___________. a. hydrostatic skeleton d. archenteron b. nematocyst e. amnion c. gastrodermis

a. hydrostatic skeleton

Which of the following is an advantage associated with pollen? a. it allows the sperm to be carried through the air. b. it can remain dormant until conditions are right for seed germination. c. it allows the plant to reproduce asexually. d. it is protected by a fruit. e. it can enhance photosynthesis.

a. it allows the sperm to be carried through the air.

Butterflies undergo complete metamorphosis. Therefore, right after they hatch from the egg they enter the __________ stage of their life cycle. a. larvae d. nymph b. adult e. juvenile c. pupa

a. larvae

Conifers ____________. a. produce cones d. two of the above b. are homosporous e. all of the above c. are typically animal-pollinated

a. produce cones

In deuterostomes ___________. a. the blastopore becomes the anus d. two of the above b. embryos have only two tissue layers e. None of the above c. the organisms undergo molting

a. the blastopore becomes the anus

True or False. "The cells that make up xylem tissue are dead at maturity." a. true b. false

a. true

Radiata

are diploblastic and have radial symmetry(cnidaria).

Bilateral

are triploblastoc and have bilateral symmetry.

Which of the following statements concerning gingkos is false? a. Gingkos have seeds that are not enclosed in a fruit. b. Gingkos have evergreen leaves. c. Gingkos have separate male and female parts. d. Gingkos produce smelly seeds. e. Gingkos have an extensive fossil record, but only one species still exists today.

b. Gingkos have evergreen leaves.

Echinoderms have all of the following characteristics except __________. a. tube feet d. radial cleavage b. bilateral symmetry in the adults e. spiny skin c. water vascular system

b. bilateral symmetry in the adults

Which primary cell layer becomes the lining of the digestive tract in a developing triploblast embryo? a. mesoglea d. epidermis b. endoderm e. ectoderm c. mesoderm

b. endoderm

The exoskeleton of arthropods ____________. a. functions in reproduction. b. must be molted several times during the organism's life. c. is absent in millipedes and centipedes. d. expands at the joints when the arthropod grows. e. is composed of cellulose.

b. must be molted several times during the organism's life.

Which of the following is a shared derived trait for mammals? a. endothermic d. 4 limbs b. the ability to produce milk (lactation) e. placenta c. amniotic egg

b. the ability to produce milk (lactation)

Deuterostome blastopore fate

blastopore becomes anus

protostome blastopore fate

blastopore becomes mouth

Myriapods

body made up of two parts (a head + a long segmented trunk)

All of the following characteristics are found exclusively in vertebrates except _______. a. neural crest cells d. vertebrae b. a cranium e. none of the above c. a notochord

c. a notochord

During the evolution of land plants we see all of the following except ________. a. the sporophytes becoming more complex in the more evolved plants. b. a shift from homospory to heterospory. c. a shift from diploid to haploid dominance. d. the development of vascular tissue. e. a shift from plants that reproduce without seeds to plants with seeds.

c. a shift from diploid to haploid dominance.

Which of the following statements concerning animals is incorrect? a. animal cells lack cell walls. b. animals are motile at some point in their life cycle. c. animals are autotrophic. d. animals have eukaryotic cells. e. animals store their energy as glycogen, oil, or fat.

c. animals are autotrophic

The stinging cells on the tentacles of sea anemones are called ____________. a. amoebocytes d. choanocytes b. mesophyls e. spicules c. cnidocytes

c. cnidocytes

Which characteristic is not found in all types of gastropods and cephalopods? a. muscular foot b. visceral mass c. shell d. mantle e. all of the above characteristics are found in all gastropods and cephalopods

c. shell

Myriapods

centipedes are in this subgroup

Chelicerates

claw-like mouth parts

Gymnosperms

conifers belong to this plant group

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding parasitic animals? a. Ticks are blood sucking parasites belonging to the arachnids. b. Tapeworms do not have a mouth or digestive system. c. Leeches are parasites that belong to Phylum Annelida. d. Tapeworms are segmented worms that reproduce by shedding proglottids. e. Some nematodes are internal parasites of humans.

d. Tapeworms are segmented worms that reproduce by shedding proglottids.

Which of the following statements concerning sponges is false? a. The adults are sessile. b. Sponges are suspension feeders. c. Sponges have asymmetry. d. Water enters the spongocoel through the osculum and exits through pores in the body. e. Amoebocytes digest food and transport nutrients throughout the sponge.

d. Water enters the spongocoel through the osculum and exits through pores in the body.

Green algae and land plants share which of the following features? a. store energy as glycogen d. cell walls made of cellulose b. lignin e. stomata c. cuticle

d. cell walls made of cellulose

The three parts of a seed are ___________. a. fruit, stamen, carpel d. embryo, nutritive tissue, seed coat b. seed coat, stigma, style e. sporophyte, pollen grain, ovary c. fruit, embryo, zygote

d. embryo, nutritive tissue, seed coat

The koi fish pictured below belongs to the ________ and has _______ body symmetry. a. lobe-finned fish, bilateral b. cartilage fish, asymmetrical c. jawless fish, asymmetrical d. ray-finned fish, bilateral e. lobe-finned fish, radial

d. ray-finned fish, bilateral

Mosses do not reach a large size because ___________. a. they lack chlorophyll. b. they lack cellulose. c. moss photosynthesis does not take place at a very fast rate. d. they do not have specialized vascular tissue to transport water very high. e. alternation of generations does not allow the plant to grow very tall before reproduction.

d. they do not have specialized vascular tissue to transport water very high.

Diploblastic

develops 2 tissue layers(endoderm and ectoderm)

Triploblastic

develops 3 germ layers(endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) and the blastocoel will develop into a body cavity

Endoderm

develops into gut lining

Mesoderm

develops into muscle and internal organs

Ectoderm

develops into nerve tissue and skin

Which of the following best describes what sori are? a. tiny bits of tissue that detach from a moss or liverwort forming new individuals through asexual reproduction. b. stages within the alternation of generations life cycle. c. root-like structures that attach bryophytes to surfaces. d. structure that carries pollen from one plant to another. e. a cluster of sporangia on the lower surface of a fern frond.

e. a cluster of sporangia on the lower surface of a fern frond.

Which adaptation found in some animals would be beneficial in dry habitats because it involves a fluid-filled sac around the embryo during development? a. chitin d. coelom b. cuticle e. amnion c. aleurone

e. amnion

All reptiles are ectothermic except _________. a. amphibians b. turtles/tortoises c. snakes/lizards d. crocodilian e. birds

e. birds

_______________ is an evolutionary process whereby sensory structures and nerve cells become concentrated in a head. a. segmentation d. gastrulation b. adaptive radiation e. cephalization c. binary fission

e. cephalization

Which cells in sponges resemble the protist ancestor of animals? a. spongocoels d. tracheids b. parenchymas e. choanocytes c. amoebocytes

e. choanocytes

Which of the following terms is NOT associated with a female portion of a plant? a. megaspore d. stigma b. archegonium e. filament c. carpel

e. filament

Bony fish can alter their buoyance in water using their __________. a. lungs d. water vascular system b. osculum e. swim bladder c. hydrostatic skeleton

e. swim bladder

3 germ layers

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

Angiosperms

eudicots belong to this plant group

Seedless Vascular Plants

ferns belong to this plant group

Phylum Arthropoda

has jointed appendages (body extensions that give them a wide range of controlled motion); most successful because they are the most diverse, living in a great range of habitats; body symmetry: bilateral; eg. lobsters, centipedes, butterflies, spiders

Birds

have air-filled bones and feathers

Chelicerates

have no antennae

Insects

have three body regions: head, thorax, and abdomen

Chelicerates

horseshoe crabs are in this subgroup

Reptiles

includes birds and crocodilians

Lancelets

invertebrates that have all 4 chordate characteristics as an adult

Phylum Cnidaria

jellyfish, sea anemones, corals

Porifera

lack tissue