VET 121 Veterinary Medical Terminology
The proper pronunciation of the prefix meta is
MEHT-ah
The suffix ____ means to surgically remove.
-ectomy
Hypochromia means
a condition in which RBCs have an decreased hemoglobin content, causing decreased pigmentation
The medical term for removal of a part is
ablation
Azoospermia means
absence of sperm production
Rupture of the cruciate ligament is a common injury to the stifle joint of dogs. The cranial cruciate ligament is more commonly ruptured than the caudal ligament. Rupture of either cruciate ligament may be accompanied by rupture of the medial collateral ligament and damage to the medial meniscus. Acute lameness is the most common sign of a cruciate ligament rupture, which will decrease in severity over time. Chronic lameness and osteoarthritis may result if the stifle joint is not stabilized via surgery. The primary sign of a cruciate ligament rupture is
acute lameness
The prefix ____ means toward the midline.
ad-
Disease of the adrenal glands is termed
adrenopathy
Which of the following urinary system hormones regulates electrolyte balance via reabsorption of sodium?
aldosterone
Another name for the gastrointestinal system is the
alimentary tract
The lateral gait that differs from the pace by being slower and more broken in cadence is the
amble
Vasopressin is also known as
antidiuretic hormone
A chemical agent that kills or prevents the growth of microorganisms on living tissue is an
antiseptic
Encephalomyelopathy is
any disease of the brain and spinal cord
The sheet of fibrous connective tissue that gives attachment to muscular fibers and is a means of origin or insertion for flat muscle is called
aponeurosis
Which of the following types of neuron carries impulses from one neuron to another?
associative
The medical term for stumbling or without coordination is
ataxia
A collection or mass of blood on the outer ear is termed
aural hematoma
Listening to body sounds is called
auscultation
The term for the thickness of fat along the dorsum of the pig is
backfat
Which of the following is a substance dangerous to life?
biohazard
Another term for dull is
blunt
Physiology is the study of
body function
Osteomyelitis means inflammation of the
bone including the bone marrow
Which of the following is paramyxovirus infection of bovine associated with fatal pneumonia?
bovine respiratory syncytial
The moveable joint of any ringed instrument is the
boxlock
The opposite of tachypnea is
bradypnea
Which of the following describes the horse marking known as a blaze?
broad, white stripe on the face
The medical term for a large vesicle is a
bulla
In cattle, the third and fourth metacarpal form which of the following?
cannon bone
Which of the following is the smallest blood vessel?
capillary
A horse with thickening of the skin or a large callus at the point of the hock is said to have which of the following?
capped hock
What is the function of the ureter?
carry urine to the urinary bladder
A stiff dressing used for immobilization of various body parts is a
cast
Excessive mucus secretion by mucous membranes is termed
catarrh
Inflammation of connective tissue is called
cellulitis
The spinal cord is part of the ____ nervous system.
central
The atlas, which supports the skull, is the first ____ vertebrae.
cervical
The neck of the uterus is called the
cervix
Which of the following resemble small rabbits but with shorter ears and bushy tails?
chinchillas
Coagulation is another word for
clotting
Dove-like birds that have short beaks and two forward-facing toes and two rear-facing toes are considered which of the following?
columbiformes
What type of fracture results when the bone is splintered?
comminuted
A neurologic deficit in which the animal appears to not know where its limbs are is referred to as
conscious proprioceptive deficit
A common term meaning to catch a disease is
contract
The outer layer of the kidney is known as the
cortex
The root of the mane in horses is called the
crest
The top part of the equine rump is called the
croup
The formation of a new opening into the urinary bladder is known as
cystostomy
The process of pithing involves which of the following?
destruction of the brain and spinal cord
The rudimentary first digit of dogs and cats is called the
dewclaw
The term for the shaft of a long bone is
diaphysis
Removal of intervertebral disc material by perforating and scraping out of its contents is called
disc fenestration
Pathology is the study of
diseases
Where in the nephron does secretion occur?
distal convoluted tubule
The medical term for a double row of eyelashes is
distichia
The solid part of a sheep's tail is called the
dock
The method of riding in which a rider guides a trained horse through natural maneuvers is known as
dressage
In general, normal hamster skin is all of the following EXCEPT
dry
Mouth lacerations or cuts would most likely cause
dysphagia
A dog or cat that is docile is which of the following?
easygoing
The procedure of ultrasounding the heart is called
echocardiography
Fluid escaping from blood or lymphatic vessels into tissues or spaces is termed
effusion
Which of the following procedures is used to record a muscle's response to electrical stimulation?
electromyography
An instrument used to reflect tissue from bone is an
elevator
Which of the following layers of the heart wall lines the heart chambers and valves?
endocardium
The opposite of eversion of the eyelid is
entropion
Removal of the eyeball is termed
enucleation
Excessive tear production is termed
epiphora
The long tube that carries food to the stomach is called the
esophagus
The process of cholecystectomy involves which of the following?
excision of the gallbladder
Breathing out is called
exhalation
To eviscerate is to
expose or remove internal organs
Another term for perforation is
fenestration
The plural of fistula is
fistulae
Easily crumbled is also known as
friable
Which of the following is not a surgical procedure of the digestive system?
gastroenteritis
The genetic makeup of an individual for a particular trait is known as
genotype
Which of the following parts of the nephron is a cluster of capillaries that filter blood?
glomerulus
The combining form for pregnant is
gravid/o
In goat terminology, which of the following describes the clip?
hair harvested from one animal in one shearing
Nephrosclerosis is ____ of the kidney.
hardening
Of the following canine viruses, which is associated with listlessness, nasal discharge, rash, and neurologic signs?
herpesvirus
The chemical secretions of endocrine glands are called
hormones
Deficient gland secretion is called
hypocrinism
A disorder caused by treatment is said to be
iatrogenic
During a seizure, the stage where an animal may convulse, lose control of excretory functions, shake, or appear confused is called the
ictus
All of the following are examples of rodents EXCEPT
iguanas
Porcine proliferative enteropathy causes which of the following?
ileitis
The term for the phrase to tighten with sutures is
imbricate
Antibodies are
immunoglobulins
Cystectomy is a procedure that involves which of the following?
incision of the urinary bladder
Hypertension means
increased blood pressure
Which layer of tissue is the endometrium?
inner
The prefix ____ means between, while the prefix ____means within.
inter-; intra-
The term for between the toes is
interdigital
The space within a tissue or organ is known as
interstitial
The term polyuria
is the opposite of anuria
Incision into the cornea is called
keratotomy
The carpus in ungulates is called the
knee
What is the name for the soft, white substance that results when pig fat is rendered?
lard
The cecum is part of the
large intestine
Surgical removal of the voice box is
laryngectomy
A device that transfers light into an intense beam for various purposes is a
laser
The act of tying is known as
ligation
Which of the following terms pertain to the tongue?
lingual and glossal
A benign growth of fat cells is a
lipoma
Focus is a
localized region
Acid is to alkaline as ____ is to ____
low pH; high pH
The vertebrae that support the lower back or loin are
lumbar
The combining form for yellow is
lute/o
An abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels forming a mass (usually benign) is a
lymphangioma
A malignant black tumor of skin is a
melanoma
Which of the following words does NOT refer to a large cell?
microcyte
The study of form is called
morphology
The term myotomy means incision into
muscles
In horses, which part of the head contains the two nostrils and the muscles of the upper and lower lip?
muzzle
A synonym for chorea is
myoclonus
The caudodorsal portion of a bird's neck is known as the
nape
Relative to a distal tubule, a proximal tubule is
nearer the glomerulus
Dead tissue is said to be
necrotic
What is another name for a kidney stone?
nephrolith
A disorder caused by pathogenic organisms contracted in a facility or clinic is known as
nosocomial
In the word gastroenteritis, what is the combining vowel?
o
The term for blockage of a vessel is
occlusion
Asystole means
Absence of heart beat
How many viable offspring has a primipara produced?
one
Which of the following are the combining forms for mouth?
or/o and stomat/o
Male llamas or alpacas use which of the following to call others of their species?
orgle
A combining form for bone is
oste/o
Rupture of the cruciate ligament is a common injury to the stifle joint of dogs. The cranial cruciate ligament is more commonly ruptured than the caudal ligament. Rupture of either cruciate ligament may be accompanied by rupture of the medial collateral ligament and damage to the medial meniscus. Acute lameness is the most common sign of a cruciate ligament rupture, which will decrease in severity over time. Chronic lameness and osteoarthritis may result if the stifle joint is not stabilized via surgery. A result of an unrepaired cruciate ligament rupture is
osteoarthritis
The medical term that means the opposite of osteosclerosis is
osteomalacia
Surgical repair of bone is known as
osteoplasty
Inflammation of the outer ear is called
otitis externa
An instrument used to examine the ear is an
otoscope
The term ectopic means
outside the usual place
An egg-bearing animal is said to be
oviparous
Examination by feeling is
palpation
The formal name for feline distemper is feline
panleukopenia
The membrane that lines the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities is called the
parietal peritoneum
The hypocalcemic disorder known as ____ or milk fever appears in late pregnancy or early lactation.
parturient paresis
Finches, sparrows, mynahs, and canaries are all members of which group?
passeriforme
The bacteria that causes respiratory disease and sometimes leads to pericarditis and pleuritis is
pasteurella
Which of the following is NOT a pelvic bone?
patella
Something that remains open is said to be
patent
The medical term for producing disease is
pathogenic
Blood flow through a tissue is
perfusion
Cells that "eat" foreign material are called
phagocytes
The common term for a prolapsed rectum in swine is
piles
What is the name of the liquid part of blood that has been treated with an anticoagulant to keep clotting proteins in it?
plasma
A radiographic film of the urinary bladder after air has been placed in the bladder via a urinary catheter is called a
pneumocystogram
In equines, the top of the head is called the
poll
An animal with more than the normal number of digits has the condition known as
polydactyly
The state of increased thirst/drinking, abbreviated as PD, is called
polydipsia
Which of the following is a small breed of equine, usually about 14 hands?
pony
Something that is adapted for grasping and seizing is considered which of the following?
prehensile
An anticoagulant is a substance that
prevents blood from clotting
Phonation is the act of
producing sound
Lactogenic hormone is also known as
prolactin
Muscles that rotate the palmar or plantar surface downward are classified as
pronator
Prolapse or drooping is called
ptosis
The abbreviation PLR represents
pupillary light reflex
The medical term for producing or containing pus is
purulent
The term ovulation means
release of an egg by the ovary
What kind of skin is tanned into leather and typically used to make boots?
rhea
Intercostal muscles are located between the
ribs
Which of the following describes an orange-brown animal with dark brown or black ticking?
ruddy
Underdeveloped horns that are not attached to the skull are known as
scurs
The significance of the master gland is that it
secretes hormones to which other glands respond
Which of the following terms describes an animal with one color of fur?
self
Enteritis is inflammation of which of the following?
small intestine
The jejunum is part of which of the following?
small intestine
Which of the following types of muscle fiber is spindle-shaped without stripes or striations?
smooth
The upper lip and apex of the nose of swine is the
snout
The flow of urine out of the urinary bladder to the urethra is controlled by which of the following?
sphincters
Of the different types of reptile, which includes iguanas and lizards?
squamata
Another name for narrowed nostrils is
stenotic nares
The plural of stimulus is
stimuli
The prefix ____ means under.
sub-
A ruminant with more than the normal number of teats is said to have what?
supernumerary teats
An animal that lacks resistance to a disease is said to be
susceptible
Overfunctioning sudoriferous glands produce excessive amounts of which of the following?
sweat
Which of the following words is paired with its correct definition?
tactile - touch
In livestock, the nipple of the mammary gland is called the
teat
Another term for the end is
terminal
Sperm are produced in the
testes
All of the following are part of the skeletal system EXCEPT
All of the above are components of the skeletal system: cartilage, joints, and bones
What do atrial septal defects and ventricular septal defects have in common?
Both involve abnormal wall openings that separate the heart's right and left sides.
Rupture of the cruciate ligament is a common injury to the stifle joint of dogs. The cranial cruciate ligament is more commonly ruptured than the caudal ligament. Rupture of either cruciate ligament may be accompanied by rupture of the medial collateral ligament and damage to the medial meniscus. Acute lameness is the most common sign of a cruciate ligament rupture, which will decrease in severity over time. Chronic lameness and osteoarthritis may result if the stifle joint is not stabilized via surgery. The paragraph points out that
the medial meniscus may also be injured with cruciate ruptures
The ribs articulate with the ____ vertebrae.
thoracic
Puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid or air from the pleural cavity is called
thoracocentesis
How many flaps of tissue does a tricuspid valve have?
three
Which of the following glands regulates metabolism and iodine uptake?
thyroid
Enlargement of the thyroid gland is termed
thyromegaly
The term urinary calculus means
urinary bladder stones
The ____ or preen gland in birds, which is lateral to the tail feather attachment, secretes oil that is used to waterproof feathers.
uropygial
The portion of the female reproductive tract in birds that directs the egg to the cloaca is the
vagina
Withdrawing blood from a vein is called
venipuncture
Spondylitis is inflammation of which of the following?
vertebrae
Of the following types of camelid, which are the smallest with the highest-quality wool?
vicunas
An animal with healthy growth or high energy is said to have
vigor
The strength of an organism to cause disease is termed
virulence
An animal that bears live young is said to be
viviparous
A natural or an artificial wading area that is used to cool swine is known as what?
wallow
In goats, the appendage that suspends from the head, under the chin, is called the
wattle
