WCEMT Block 4: Chapter 29

The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the?

brain and spinal cord

you should be most suspicious that a patient has experienced a significant head injury if his or her pulse is?

slow

the most reliable sign of a head injury is?

a decreased level of consciousness

A short backboard or vest-style immobilization device is indicated for patients who?

are in a sitting position and are clinically stable

The ____________ nervous system consists of 31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves

peripheral

What part of the nervous system controls the body's voluntary activities?

somatic

which of the following interventions may be used to help reduce intracranial pressure?

30-degree elevation of the head

during immobilization of a patient with a possible spinal injury, manual stabilization of the head must be maintained until?

the patient is fully immobilized on a long backboard

Coordination of balance and body movement is controlled by the?

cerebellum

the brain, a part of the central nervous system (CNS), is divided into the?

cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem

You should NOT remove an injured football player's helmet if?

the face guard can easily be removed and there is no airway compromise

the ideal procedure for moving an injured patient from the ground to a backboard is?

the four-person log roll

the tough, fibrous outer meningeal layer is called the?

dura mater

an epidural hematoma is most accurately defined as?

bleeding between the skull and dura mater

as you are assessing a 24-year-old man with a large laceration to the top of his head, you should recall that?

blood loss from a scalp laceration may contribute to hypovolemic shock in adults

a 44-year-old man was struck in the back of the head and was reportedly unconscious for approximately 30 seconds. He complains of a severe headache and "Seeing stars," and states that he regained his memory shortly before your arrival. His presentation is MOST consistent with a(n)?

concussion

The frontal and parietal bones of the skull are especially susceptible to?

depressed skull fractures

a patient who experiences an immediate loss of consciousness followed by a lucid interval has a(n)?

epidural hematoma

the hormone responsible for the actions of the sympathetic nervous system is?

epinephrine

a distraction injury to the cervical spine would MOST likely occur following?

hanging-type mechanisms

When placing a patient onto a long backboard, the EMT at the patient's __________ is in charge of all patient movements.

head

In contrast to a cerebral concussion, a cerebral contusion?

involves physical injury to the brain tissue

once a cervical collar has been applied to a patient with a possible spinal injury, it should not be removed unless?

it causes a problem managing the airway.

when opening the airway of a patient with a suspected spinal injury, you should use the?

jaw-thrust maneuver

A man is found slumped over the steering wheel, unconscious and making snoring sounds, after an automobile accident. His head is turned to the side and his neck is flexed. You should?

manually stabilize his head and move it to a neutral, in-line position

your patient is a 21-year-old male who has massive face and head trauma after being assaulted. He is lying supine, is semiconscious, and has blood in his mouth. You should?

manually stabilize his head, log roll him onto his side, and suction his mouth

when a patient experiences a severe spinal injury, he or she?

might lose sensation below the level of the injury

Signs and symptoms that might be found in a patient who has experienced a concussion include?

nausea and ringing in the ears

A young male was involved in a motor vehicle accident and experienced a closed head injury. He has no memory of the events leading up to the accident, but remember s that he was going to a birthday party. What is the correct term to use when documenting his memory loss?

retrograde amnesia

the spinal cord is encased in and protected by the?

spinal canal