Week 3 - Bassett Ch. 6 & Ch. 11 edit

Which statement describes hot to avoid a false-negative aspiration?

Rotate the syringe a quarter turn then reaspirate to release the bevel from a vessel wall.

Needle pathway

Route a needle travels as it advances to a target site.

Which anesthetic cartridge has the most vasoconstrictor? A. 2% Xylocaine w/ epi. 1:50,000 B. 2% Xylocaine w/ epi. 1:100,000 C. 0.5% Marcaine w/ epi. 1:200,000

A. 2% Xylocaine w/ epi. 1:50,000

Epinephrine is metabolized by? A. COMT and MOA B. hepatic enzymes C. renal isoenzymes D. COMT only

A. COMT and MOA

Which of the following medical conditions does not require precaution when using vasoconstrictors? A. Liver disease B. Diabetes w/ significant cardiovascular disease. C. Radiation therapy of the jaws. D. Cerebrovascular accident/stroke.

A. Liver disease

Deposition site

Anatomical location at which a drug is deposited.

What is the maximum dose of epinephrine allowed for a healthy adult? A. 2.0mg B. 0.2mg C. 0.002mg D. 0.04mg

B. 0.2mg

What is the minimum recommended rate of injection? A. 0.5mL per minute B. 1.8mL per minute C. 1.0mL per minute D. 3.0mL per minute

B. 1.8mL per minute

Compare the potency of levonordefrin to the potency of epinephrine. A. Levonorderfin is 1/4 as potent. B. Levonordefrin is 1/6 as potent. C. Levonordefrin is twice as potent. D. Levonordefrin is six times as potent.

B. Levonordefrin is 1/6 as potent.

What is the primary reason it is recommended to orient needle bevels toward bone during infiltration injections? A. Needles should be angled away from bone during penetration. B. Trauma to periosteum is lessened if bone is inadvertently contacted. C. False aspirations can be prevented. D. Discomfort from needles is reduced.

B. Trauma to periosteum is lessened if bone is inadvertently contacted

Positive aspiration

Blood visible within the cartridge.

Which formulation of local anesthetic drug w/ levonordefrin is available in the United Stated today? A. 2% lidocaine; 1:20,000 levonordefrin B. 4% prilocaine; 1:20,000 levonordefrin C. 2% mepivacaine; 1:20,000 levonordefrin D. 3% mepivacaine; 1:20,000 levonordefrin

C. 2% mepivacaine; 1:20,000 levonordefrin

Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of an epinephrine overdose reaction? A. Nausea B. Heart racing C. Bronchospasm D. Weakness

C. Bronchospasm

Which of the following vasoconstrictors is the most useful in providing hemostasis? A. Levonordefrin B. Felypressin C. Epinephrine D. Phenylephrine

C. Epinephrine

Which one would NOT be exhibited during an overdose reaction to a vasoconstrictor? A. Racing heart B. Intense anxiety C. Hives D. Hyperventilation

C. Hives

What is added to anesthetic solutions to increase its tissue absorption? A. Levonordefrin B. Felypressin C. Hydrochloric Acid D. Phenylephrine

C. Hydrochloric Acid

Which of the fololwing is the most important safety step following an injection? A. Rinsing the patient's mouth. B. Assessing the patient for adverse reactions. C. Recapping the needle with a one-handed technique.* D. Making a complete chart entry.

C. Recapping the needle with a one-handed technique.

The maximum dose of epi. allowed for a patient w/ cardiovascular compromise is? A. 2.0mg B. 0.2mg C. 0.002mg D. 0.04mg

D. 0.04mg

What are the two most important safety steps when delivering anesthesia? A. Informed consent and a cooperative patient. B. Armamentaria in good working order and a thorough understanding of head and neck anatomy. C. A thorough health history review and a list of all medications. D. An aspiration test and slow delivery of anesthetic.

D. An aspiration test and slow delivery of anesthetic.

Levonordefrin is biotransformed by? A. COMT and MOA B. hepatic enzymes C. renal 450 isoenzymes D. COMT primarily

D. COMT primarily

Which of the following is NOT an indication for the use of a vasoconstrictor? A. Reducing the risk of toxicity of local anesthetic drugs. B. Prolonging the duration of local anesthetic drugs. C. Providing hemostasis D. Providing vasodilation following treatment.

D. Providing vasodilation following treatment.

Infiltration Injection

Deposition of local anesthetic directly at or near small terminal nerve endings in the immediate area of treatment.

Nerve Block Injection

Deposition of local anesthetic near the primary nerve trunk a greater distance away from the areas of treatment, providing a wider area of anesthesia.

Which statement best describes why retraction of tissue keeping the tissue taut is important during injections?

It allows for ease of needle penetration and establishes a point of stability for the syringe.

Supportive communication includes all of the following, except:

It lets patients know that injections will be more comfortable compared to previous injections.

Which best explains why vasoconstrictors are effective in increasing duration's for local anesthesia?

Primary action on alpha receptors causes contraction of smooth muscles in blood vessels.

Penetration site

Specific location where a needle first enters the mucosa.

Which statement describes the correct positioning of the long window of the syringe?

Toward the clinician to permit visibility throughout the injection.

T or F: Allergic responses to epinephrine is nearly impossible.

True

T or F: Gently pulling the mucosa taut will ease penetration of the needle and establish a point of stability for the syringe.

True