Week 5 Cardiovascular challenges questions

A client's monitor shows a PQRST wave for each beat and indicates a rate of 120 beats/minute. The rhythm is regular. What does the nurse conclude that the client is experiencing?

sinus tachycardia

A client being treated for uncontrolled hypertension and chest pain calls out to the nurse and reports a nosebleed. Upon entry to the client's room, the nurse immediately applies pressure. Which action should the nurse take next?

Assess the client's blood pressure.

When an older client with heart failure is transferred from the emergency department to the medical service, what should the nurse on the unit do first?

Assess the client's heart and lung sounds

What should the nurse suggest for a client with right ventricular failure?

"Avoid emotionally stressful situations."

A client experiences elevated triglycerides and cholesterol. The client appears discouraged and says, "Well, I guess I'd better cut out all the fat and cholesterol in my diet." Which is the nurse's most appropriate response?

"You need some fat to supply the necessary fatty acids, so it's mainly just a need to cut down on the amount of fat you consume."

A client who is diagnosed as having a myocardial infarction is admitted to the coronary care unit with prescriptions for bed rest and medication for chest pain. Within an hour after admission, the nurse finds the client walking around the unit. What is the nurse's best initial response?

"You need to rest. You should get back into bed."

A client whose total cholesterol level is found to be 210 mg/dL (5.5 mmol/L) at a screening session at a health fair asks the nurse what to do in light of this result. How should the nurse respond?

"Your cholesterol is elevated slightly. A diet low in saturated fats should be followed."

The nurse notes asystole on the cardiac monitor. Which action should the nurse take immediately?

Assess the client's pulse Pulse should be immediately assessed because a lead or electrode coming off may mimic this dysrhythmia. Asystole is characterized by complete cessation of electrical activity.

A hospitalized client receiving a diet that limits sodium to 2 g complains about the bland food and refuses to eat dinner. What is an appropriate nursing response?

Asking the client about what foods are eaten at home

A client is admitted to the emergency department with a blood pressure of 240/150 mm Hg. The client complains of a severe headache, blurred vision, and swelling of the ankles. How should the nurse respond to the clinical manifestations?

Assess the client's pulse and respirations.

A nurse is caring for a client with the diagnosis of right ventricular failure. Which condition unrelated to cardiac disease is the major cause of right ventricular failure?

COPD

The nurse provides discharge teaching to a client with a history of angina. The nurse instructs the client to call for emergency services immediately if the client's pain exhibits which characteristic?

Continues after rest and nitroglycerin

Which information should the nurse include when teaching a client with heart disease about cholesterol?

Decreases when saturated fats are substituted for unsaturated fats

The nurse is planning to teach a client with heart failure about the signs and symptoms of cardiac decompensation. What clinical manifestations should the nurse include? Select all that apply

Extreme fatigue, coughing at night and difficulty breathing

When developing a plan of care for a client who had a cardiac catheterization via a femoral insertion site, what should the nurse include?

Maintaining the supine position for a minimum of 4 hours

The family of a client with right ventricular heart failure expresses concern about the client's increasing abdominal girth. What physiologic change should the nurse consider when explaining the client's condition?

Increased pressure within the circulatory system.

A primary healthcare provider prescribes an antihypertensive medication. Which over-the-counter medication should the nurse teach the client to avoid because it has the potential to counteract the effect of the antihypertensive?

Pseudoephedrine has a pressor effect that may counteract antihypertensive medications, causing an increase in blood pressure.

What should the nurse teach client who is taking antihypertensives to do minimize orthostatic hypotension?

Sit on the edge of the bed for 5 minutes before standing.

What criteria should the nurse use to determine normal sinus rhythm for a client on a cardiac monitor? Select all that apply.

The RR intervals are relatively consistent. One P wave precedes each QRS complex.

A client is brought to the emergency department with chest pain. The client asks why an electrocardiogram (ECG) has been prescribed. What does the nurse explain that the ECG will do?

aid in detecting heart damage

The nurse is assessing a client with the diagnosis of chronic heart failure. Which clinical finding should the nurse expect the client to experience?

dependent edema in the evening

A nurse expects that a client with right-sided heart failure will exhibit which of these signs or symptoms?

distended neck veins

The nurse is caring for a client who had a massive myocardial infarction and developed cardiogenic shock. Which clinical manifestations support these diagnoses? Select all that apply.

rapid pulse and decreased urinary output

An 80-year-old client with a history of coronary artery disease is admitted to the hospital for observation after a fall. During the night the client has an episode of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. In what position should the nurse place the client to best decrease preload?

orthopneic

A client with a long history of cardiovascular problems, including angina and hypertension, is scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization. During preprocedure teaching, what does the nurse explains to the client is the major purpose for catheterization?

to visualize the disease process in the coronary arteries