West Civ Test 2/1/24

freedom of worship to all citizens of the Roman Empire

"We, Constantine and Licinius the Emperors, having met in concord at Milan and having set in order everything which pertains to the common good and public security . . ." What did the document quoted here proclaim in the Roman empire?

Battle of Tours

(732 CE) European victory over Muslims. It halted Muslim movement into Western Europe.

Protestantism rejected papal authority, especially relating to what was regarded as the corrupt selling of indulgences.

27. There is no divine authority for preaching that the soul flies out of the purgatory immediately the money clinks in the bottom of the chest. "28. It is certainly possible that when the money clinks in the bottom of the chest avarice [extreme greed] and greed increase; but when the church offers intercession [intervention], all depends in the will of God." —Martin Luther, 95 Theses Which of the following provides an accurate historical context for this excerpt from Martin Luther's 95 Theses?

Jesus

? was not a Christian

Polytheists worshiped both the Roman gods alongside their own

As long as citizens accepted the emperor as divine and honored Roman gods, Rome tolerated religious diversity. What practice helped support this religious tolerance?

Counter Reformation

Catholic Church's attempt to stop the protestant movement and to strengthen the Catholic Church-organized by Pope John Paul III

Saul (Paul)

Christianity (Catholicism) spread throughout the Ancient World as ? spread it after the death of Christ

Helena

Constantine's mother who exposed him to Christianity when he was a boy.

The Red Cross

Each crusader had a huge ? made out of fabric, stitched onto their shirts or armor-all-regardless of rank-a unified army-fighting a holy cause

John Calvin

French religious reformer who believed in predestination-God is all knowing-and a strict sense of morality for society

his rejection of papal authority and his refusal to recant

I have cast the die. . . . I will not reconcile myself to them [the Roman Catholic Church] for all eternity. . . . Let them condemn and burn all that belongs to me; in return I will do as much for them. . . . Now I no longer fear, and I am publishing a book in the German tongue about Christian reform, directed against the pope, in language as violent as if I were addressing the Antichrist."—Martin Luther "The Growing Challenge" by Martin Luther from The Reformation by Sarah Flowers. Copyright (c) 1995 Lucent Books. What prompted Martin Luther to take the actions described in this quotation?

Gutenburg

Invented the printing press and printed the Bible

Austria and Poland

Look at the map. In which area would Protestants be most likely to face persecution?

have salvation

Paul taught that people who believed in Jesus would

Thecla

She helped Paul form the Christian movement after having been "saved miraculously" twice.

Acts

The New Testament recounts the spread of Christianity in what book?

Constantine

This painting illustrates a pattern of Roman treatment of Christians that ended with the reign of Emperor

reformed

What did the Catholic Church do in response to the Protestant Reformation?

Calvin's belief in predestination

Which idea differentiates the Protestant doctrines of Calvinism and Lutheranism?

a government run by religious leaders

Which of the following is the best example of a theocracy?

Bibles in the vernacular

Which of the following was a characteristic of Protestantism but not of Roman Catholicism?

Simony

abuse of the church about selling church offices

Pluralism

abuse of the church about the practice of holding more than one church office at a time

Edict of Milan

announced that people should have the liberty to follow the religion that appeared best to them (313 AD)

"Bloody Mary"

daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon who was Queen of England from 1553 to 1558; she burned many at the stake

Council of Trent

ended Simony and Pluralism and sale of indulgences; established new seminaries, reaffirmed Catholic traditional views and set stage for Age of Religious Wars.

Western Church (Roman Catholic)

influenced by Rome saw Pope as the head power Latin unleavened bread

Eastern Church (Eastern Orthodox)

influenced by the patriarch of Constantinople and the Byzantine Emperor saw the Pope as a regular archbishop Greek leavened bread

Holy Roman Empire (962-1806)

one of Europe's largest medieval/early modern states, but its power base was unstable and continually shifting; it was a confederation of small and medium-sized political activities

Protestant Reformation

outrage at corruption in the church is part of what led to the ?

Pauline Letters

primary source documents that show the spread of Christianity to Jewish and Gentile societies

English Reformation

result of the disagreement between Henry VIII (all the wives) and the Pope, created the Church of England or Anglican Church which was separate from the Catholic Church, still left little room for religious freedom-HE WAS AGAINST the Protestant Reformation

Battle of Milvian Bridge (312 AD)

solidified Constantine's power over the Romans in the west

Roman Catholic Church & Eastern Orthodox Church

the church was split into these two separate churches-one in east and one in west

The Great Schism

the official split between the Roman Catholic and Byzantine churches that occurred in 1054