WGS 2900 Final

comparable worth, prohibiting pay secrecy, pay data collection, caregiver credits to closing the gender wage gap

Approaches to closing the gender wage gap

discrimination, human capital, organization of jobs

Explanation for gender wage gap

women do more unpaid work than men do

Gender based division of household labor

men are thought of as choice they make (positive way), women are thought of as forced and just seen as mothers (negative way)

How are women migrants viewed differently from men who migrate?

domestic work and home based work

Types of informal labor

tasks traditionally thought of as women's work continue to be primarily performed by women

What are the different explanations for gender based division of household labor?

routine housework, cooking and cleanup, childcare, care for adults, non-routine house work, yard work, repairs, and sociability work

What does unpaid work include?

work is paid, but unstructured and unregulated

What is informal labor?

50%

What percentage of migrants are women?

South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa

What region has the highest rates of women in the labor force?

because women do more work than a lot of en, as they are for the home and children and the chores as a form of informal labor while still typically doing formal labor, such as their 9-5 jobs

Why is studying the informal economy important for understanding women's paid work?

caregiver credits

a way to bolster retirement security for caregivers (who are often women) who have taken time out of the work force to care for others (children, sick, elderly)

Norway's 40% rule

a way to break the glass ceiling (40% of corporate board must be women)

glass ceiling

an unofficially acknowledged barrier to advancement in a profession, especially affecting women and members of minorities (cannot go passed a certain point)

comparable worth

designs systematic ways to evaluate jobs in order to create pay scales that don't discriminate against occupations that are dominated by women

gender perspective

household labor is a symbolic representation of gender relations

glass escalator

in female-dominated industries, such as social work, nursing and education, the number of opportunities for women is generally increased. However, when the effect occurs, men still tend to rise to higher levels than women and do so by hidden advantages

vertical segregation

in same job categories, women are ranked lower and hold the prestigious positions ex: education, women teacher assistants, preschool and kindergarten, men- secondary and postsecondary education

domestic work

invisible informal work

horizontal segregation

men and women hold different types of job, tendency for jobs mainly held by men to have higher pay rates ex: women-personal cares and services, office and administrative support, healthcare support, education, CEO, man-architecture, construction, repair

remittances

money transfers by migrants to there relatives or other persons in country of origin

unpaid work

production of goods and services by household members that are not sold on the marker

sticky floor

refers to the fact that globally most women (and men) work in the lowest paid, lowest skilled jobs in manufacturing and service

job ladders

some jobs have many levels for potential advancement whereas other jobs dot have as many opportunities for advancement

socialization theory

teaches boys and girls skills in certain kinds of housework and we train them to feel responsible with some activities and not others

pay data collection

the process of requiring or incentivizing employers to collect and provide their pay data to government bodies

home based work

visible informal work

sociability work

volunteering

relative resources

whoever makes more money is responsibility for less household work. however even women out ear men, women often do more housework

time availability

women spend less time in paid workforce, giving them more time for unpaid work