What does this button do?

shallow deep

A large aperture will result in a ___ depth of field (blurry background) while a small aperture will result in a ___ depth of field (everything super sharp).

Automatic (A)

Camera mode that is completely point-and-shoot. It controls everything except for focus.

Program (P)

Camera mode where the camera chooses the aperture and shutter speed and you choose the ISO and adjust from there. It is a step up from point and shoot, but is rather useless unless you want something automatic.

Manual mode (M)

Camera mode where you control everything. You can and should use this all the time. It comes in handy when the camera, the machine, is not reading light how you want it to. It also allows users to keep numbers the same every time.

Aperture priority mode (Av or A)

Camera mode where you manually set the lens aperture and the camera chooses the right shutter speed. You have control of depth-of-field because you have control of the aperture. It is less limiting than shutter priority mode because you have a wider range of options. It's fairly easy to rely on because you can control depth-of-field and the camera will try to expose it correctly.

Shutter priority mode (Tv or S)

Camera mode where you manually set the shutter speed and the camera chooses the right aperture. Use this when you want to freeze time or intentionally blur it. It may not allow for the correct type of aperture based on the type and amount of light present.

TIFF

File type that is great for editing small files. The cookies are baked, but they're rather gooey and warm on the inside. You can save the file as a very large size, and it retains information well. The file is usually not compressed and can be edited a little easier. Use this file type when saving images that need to be larger, often for printing, and when you want to keep your layers separate.

JPEG

File type that is harder to edit but is still good. The cookies are done and a little crisp. This file type flattens files and information, making things much more difficult to edit. However, it is great for making small files or uploading anything, as well as online use, when your file might be too big, or when you need to print under a certain size.

RAW

File type that is huge and can be edited very easily. It is very malleable, like raw cookie dough. You have all the ingredients (information) and even though they're mixed up (the photo has been taken) you have a lot of control over how they are baked (how the image looks). Use this every time you take a photo that is important.

Depth of field

How in focus the background of an image is. It is controlled by the aperture. The smaller the hole, the cleaner the background is. It controls the distance between subject and background.

sensor higher noise low

ISO is controlled by the very expensive ___ in the camera. The ___ the ISO, the more sensitive the camera is to light, and the more light it can read in the dark. This also means there will be more ___ (grain) in the photo. Usually, keep the ISO ___ and use a tripod.

ISO

Stands for the International Standards Organization, how sensitive the camera is to light. It is an agreed industry standard between camera companies for the sake of sameness.

Aperture

The hole which opens and closes to let more or less light enter the camera. A bigger hole lets in more light but is represented by a smaller number. The higher the number, the smaller the hole. Think of how a pupil dilates to absorb more light. Bigger = more light.

shutter speed, ISO, aperture

These three functions control overall exposure:

Shutter speed

This is the amount of time the curtain or flap of the camera is open, exposing the film to light. It allows x amount of light in, stopping any extra light from entering after a certain point.

burn auto

With ISO, think of skin sensitivity. The higher the amount and the longer amount of time exposed to the sun, the more it will ___. ISO can be a consistent number, allowing for personal preference. Try not to go above an ISO of 600 inside, 200 when outside. Don'f use ___ ISO.

blurry frozen

With shutter speed, images can either have more motion (___) or look ___ in time depending on how long the shutter is open. The higher the shutter speed, the less time the flap is open, the less light let into the camera, the more frozen in time the image.

faster

With shutter speed, the higher number you have, the ___ the picture will take. In reality, 8000 refers to 1/8000 of a second, but we omit the fraction.