What Is Life Review?
Control
The part of the experiment that the scientist does not change or add the tested variable to
Response
The reaction to the stimulus
Biology
The study of life
Independent Variable
The variable that is changed by the scientist; the 'I control' variable
Dependent Variable
The variable that might change - what is being measured or the results
Compound
Two or more elements bonded together to form something new and different
Line Graph
Used to show change over time; can show trends to help with predictions
Bar Graph
Used to show comparisons of categorical data
Pie Chart/Circle Graph
Used to show percentages
Chloroplasts
Where photosynthesis occurs; in plant cells only
Population
a group of organisms of the same species living in the same area
Community
a group of populations (different species) living in the same area
tissue
a group of similar cells that work together to perform a particular function
organs
a group of tissues that work together to carry out a function in the body
Element
a substance that cannot be broken into simpler substances
Biosphere
all the ecosystems combined (earth)
Ecosystem
all the living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) factors that are interdependent on each other.
Unicellular
an organism that is made up of a single cell.
Multicellular
an organism that is made up of many cells.
cells
the smallest unit of life
Cell Membrane
In both plant AND animal cells; allows things to enter or exit the cell
Nucleus
In both plant and animal cells; controls cellular functions: the "brain" of the cell
Quantitative Data
Information gathered through measurements and numbers - think "quantity"
Qualitative Data
Information we gather with our senses - think "quality"
Asexual Reproduction
Produces an exact copy of the parent
Stimulus
Something that causes an organism to react
Constant
Something that scientist makes sure is the same throughout the experiment to ensure a FAIR test is run.
Ribosome
Synthesizes (makes) protein
Abiotic
A non-living factor to the environment
Homeostasis
Balance within an organism
Vacuole
Plant cells have large one to store water and food, animals have smaller vacuoles
Cell Theory
1. All living things are made of cells. 2. All cells come from a cell. 3. The smallest unit of life is a cell.
Steps to the Scientific Method
1. Ask a Question 2. Form a Hypothesis 3. Conduct the Experiment 4. Analyze data 5. Draw a Conclusion
The 3 characteristics that allow life on Earth
1. Proximity to the sun 2. Water 3. Composition of the atmosphere
Characteristics of Life
1. contains DNA 2. reproduces 3. responds to the environment 4. made of one or more cells 5. obtains and uses energy 6. grows and develops
Eukaryotic
A cell in which the genetic material is enclosed within a nucleus, surrounded by its own membrane.
Prokaryotic
A cell that lacks a nucleus and other organelles, with DNA that is not organized into chromosomes.
Biotic
A living factor to the environment
Organelle
A structure in a cell that is enclosed by a membrane and that performs a particular function
Hypothesis
An educated guess or prediction in an "If _____, then_____" statement
organism
An individual living thing, made up of one or many cells, which is capable of growing and reproducing
Sexual Reproduction
Combines DNA from two parents (offspring are different than their parents)
Cytoplasm
Jelly-like substance the cell organelles float in
Mitochondria
Organelle that converts oxygen and glucose into energy for the cell.
Cell Wall
Organelle that gives structure, shape and support to the cell.
organ system
groups of organs that work together to perform a function that helps the body meet its needs for energy and materials