What Is Nutrition?
Which of the following are overarching goals for Healthy People 2020?
All options are correct. Healthy People 2020 is a set of disease prevention and health promotion objectives for Americans to meet during the second decade of the new millennium. The overarching goals for Healthy People 2020 include (1) Attaining high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death; (2) achieving health equity, eliminating disparities, and improving the health of all groups; and (3) creating social and physical environments that promote good health for all. Another overarching goal of the plan is to promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across every stage of life. There are more than 35 topic areas in Healthy People 2020, ranging from ensuring that Americans have adequate access to health services to making improvements in their diets and physical activity. Objectives are developed within each topic area. The U.S. Surgeon General has issued a nationwide health improvement program since 1979. Healthy People 2020 is the latest edition of this program and sets health goals for the current decade.
Determining the types of fats people should consume to lower their risk of heart disease based on their genetic makeup is an example of what field of study?
Determining the types of fats people should consume to lower their risk of heart disease based on their genetic makeup is an example of nutritional genomics.
Which of these nutrition-related diseases is the leading cause of death in the United States?
Heart disease is a nutrition-related disease that is the leading cause of death in the United States.
Which of the following nutrients provide energy?
Macronutrients provide energy. Carbohydrates, fats (lipids), and proteins are called macronutrients because the body requires more of them than it does other nutrients in order to maintain good health. Carbohydrates, fats (lipids), and proteins provide energy in the form of calories.
Which of the following factors can influence an individual's food choices?
People's food choices are influenced by their ethnic background, their schedule, and their habits and emotions. People make numerous decisions every day about what to eat, and they make these decisions for reasons of which they may not even be aware. The foods individuals choose to put on their plate is often influenced by their culture. A culture's cuisine is greatly influenced by the environment. This includes not only the climate and soil conditions but also the native plants and animals, as well as the distance people live from rivers, lakes, or the sea. People tend to consume foods that are accessible, and many people often have little experience eating foods that are scarce. Due to global food distribution networks, this is less of an issue today for most Americans than in the past. However, it still rings true for some food items.
Which of the following individuals would be the most credible source of information for diet assessment and healthy weight loss?
A registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN)
An estimated _______ percent of American adults are overweight or obese.
An estimated 65 percent of American adults are overweight or obese.
Which of the following is NOT an overarching goal of Healthy People 2020?
Increasing the use of sustainable resources to reduce global warming
All of the following are energy-yielding macronutrients EXCEPT:
Minerals are not macronutrients; that is, they do not provide energy in the form of calories.
Nutrients are divided into _____ classes.
Nutrients are divided into six classes: carbohydrates, fats (lipids), proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water.
How many kilocalories are provided by 10 grams of carbohydrate?
Ten grams of carbohydrate provide 40 kilocalories.
In general, the U.S. diet is:
All options are correct. In general, the U.S. diet is too low in dietary fiber; too high in sugar, sodium, and saturated fat; and too low in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables.
All of the following are ways in which proteins are used in the body, EXCEPT:
Proteins are not used to help cushion organs and act as insulation under the skin to help regulate body temperature.
What is the first step in the scientific method?
The first steps in the scientific method are to make observations and ask questions.
A well-balanced diet contains:
A well-balanced diet contains macronutrients (carbohydrates, fats, and proteins), vitamins and minerals (micronutrients), and other important compounds, including phytochemicals and fiber.
Which of the following is the most credible person to turn to for accurate nutrition
For accurate nutrition advice, turn to a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN).
Ian is writing a research paper about the effect of caffeine on blood pressure. Where is the best place for him to look for reliable resources?
The best place to look for reliable resources for a research paper about the role of caffeine on blood pressure is in peer-reviewed journal articles.
How many kilocalories are in a meal that contains 100 grams of carbohydrate, 20 grams of protein, and 10 grams of fat?
There are 570 kilocalories in a meal that contains 100 grams of carbohydrate, 20 grams of protein, and 10 grams of fat. The number of kilocalories in this meal can be determined based on (1) the amount (weight in grams) of carbohydrates, protein, and fat in the meal and (2) the number of kilocalories per gram of that nutrient. Carbohydrates and protein provide 4 kilocalories per gram, and fats provide 9 kilocalories per gram. To find out the total kilocalories provided by each macronutrient, multiply the total grams of the each nutrient by the number of kilocalories per gram of that nutrient: 100 grams carbohydrates × 4 kilocalories = 400 kilocalories; 20 grams protein × 4 kilocalories = 80 kilocalories; 10 grams fat × 9 kilocalories = 90 kilocalories. Next, add the amount of kilocalories of each macronutrient portion of the meal to calculate the total kilocalories in the meal: 400 kilocalories of carbohydrates + 80 kilocalories of protein + 90 kilocalories of fat = 570 kilocalories.
Which of the following must be considered when assessing whether or not the nutrition and health information on a website is accurate and current?
who wrote it, when it was written, and when it was last updated.
What is the definition of nutrition?
Nutrition is the scientific study of how the nutrients and compounds in the foods people eat nourish and affect their body functions and health.
The majority of an individual's daily kilocalories should come from __________.
The majority of an individual's daily kilocalories should come from carbohydrates.
Which of the following nutrients help enzymes function in the body?
Vitamins and minerals are the nutrients that help enzymes
The energy-yielding macronutrient that provides the most kilocalories per gram is:
The energy-yielding macronutrient that provides the most kilocalories per gram is fat.
What is meant by the term scientific method?
The scientific method is a stepwise process used by scientists to generate sound research findings.
The research design in which neither the scientists nor the subjects can distinguish between the experimental group and the control group is called:
The research design in which neither the scientists nor the subjects can distinguish between the experimental group and the control group is called double-blind, placebo controlled.
