word list 7-29

enclosure

the process of enclosing, the state of being enclosed.

agility [əˈdʒɪləti]

the quality or state of being agile Syn: dexterity, nimbleness

conclusion

the result or outcome of an act or process

enamored

Fond of; feeling love towards; [E.g] Enamored is to interested as meticulous is to careful. (** Degree)

conservative

Favoring traditional views and values; tending to oppose change

altitude

Vertical distance or elevation above any point or base-level, as the sea.

desiccated [ˈdesɪkeɪtɪd]

中 adj. 脱水的，干燥的；无生气的 英 ① dry, arid ② lacking spirit or animation 同 arid, dehydrated

puffy [ˈpʌfi]

中 adj. 膨胀的，肿胀的 英 being puffed out 同 bloated, dilated, inflated, swollen

pretentious [prɪ ˈtenʃəs]

中 adj. 自命不凡的；做作的，夸耀的 英 ① claiming or demanding a position of distinction or merit, especially when unjustified ② making or marked by an extravagant outward show; ostentatious 同 ostentatious, showy

temperate [ˈtempərət]

中 adj. 自我克制的，有节制的；适度的；气候温和的，温带的 英 ① exercising moderation and self-restraint ② moderate in degree or quality; restrained ③ characterized by moderate temperatures, weather, or climate; neither hot nor cold 同 mild, moderate, restrained

pompous [ˈpɑːmpəs]

中 adj. 自负的；浮华的，虚夸的；壮观的，盛大的 英 ① characterized by excessive self-esteem or exaggerated dignity; pretentious ② full of high-sounding phrases; bombastic ③ characterized by pomp or stately display; ceremonious 同 conspicuous, flamboyant, flashy, ostentatious, showy

renown [rɪ ˈnaʊn]

中 n. 名望，声望 英 the quality of being widely honored and acclaimed; fame 同 celebrity, character, fame, reputation

monarch [ˈmɑːnərk]

中 n. 君主；统治者，指挥者；国王蝴蝶，大花蝶 英 ① one who reigns over a state or territory, usually for life and by hereditary right ② one that commands or rules ③ a kind of butterfly 【考点精析】Monarch is to migrate as grizzly is to hibernate. 动物及其 习性的关系。"国王蝴蝶"冬天"迁徙"，"灰熊"冬天"冬眠"

majesty [ˈmædʒəsti]

中 n. 君王的尊严，威严；上帝的权威和力量；最高权威或力量；容貌 或仪态的皇家尊严，高贵 英 ① the greatness and dignity of a sovereign ② the sovereignty and power of God ③ supreme authority or power ④ royal dignity of bearing or aspect; grandeur

moan [moʊn]

中 n. 呜咽声 vi. 发出呜咽声 vt. 叹惜，悲叹 英 n. ① a low, sustained, mournful cry, usually indicative of sorrow or pain vi. ② to utter a moan or moans vt. ③ to bewail or bemoan 同 bemoan, bewail, grieve for, lament, mourn, regret

perimeter [pəˈrɪmɪtər]

中 n. 周界，周围；周长 英 ① a closed curve bounding a plane area ② the length of such a boundary 【考点精析】Perimeter is to figure as outline is to object. 事物及其外围 的关系。"周围"是"图形"的外围，"轮廓"是"物体"的外围。

consultation [ˌkɑːnsl ˈteɪʃn]

中 n. 咨询；磋商会议；会诊 英 ① the act or process of consulting ② a conference at which advice is given or views are exchanged ③ a meeting between physicians to discuss the diagnosis or treatment of a case 同 interview, reference

throat [θroʊt]

中 n. 咽喉，喉咙；咽喉状部分，窄道 vt. 用沙哑的嗓音说 英 n. ① the anterior portion of the neck ② a narrow passage or part suggestive of the human throat vt. ③ to pronounce with a harsh or guttural voice

pint [paɪnt]

中 n. 品脱 英 a unit of volume or capacity in the U.S. Customary System, used in liquid measure, equal to 1/8 gallon or 16 ounces (0.473 liter) 【考点精析】Pint is to quart as week is to year. 计量单位的大小关 系。"品脱"和"夸脱"同属体积单位，"星期"和"年"同属时间单位。而 且前者均比后者小。

philosopher [fəˈlɑːsəfər]

中 n. 哲学家；哲人，贤哲；达观者，豁达者 英 ① a student of or specialist in philosophy ② a person who lives and thinks according to a particular philosophy ③ a person who is calm and rational under any circumstances

cushion

A pillow or a pad with a soft filling.

empathy

Identification with and understanding of another's situation, feelings, and motives

Actual

Syn authentic, concrete, factual, genuine, real, true

agronomy [əˈgrɑːnəmi]

a branch of agriculture dealing with field-crop production and soil management [E.g.】Agronomy is to agriculture as economics is to commerce.

container

a receptacle, such as a carton, can , or jar

consequently

as a result; therefore; Syn: accordingly, hence

contaminated

being polluted; Syn: corrupted, inflected, polluted

alien

belonging to a foreign country or nation

dank

disagreeably damp, musty, and typically cold; Syn; damp, humid, moist, muggy, wet

adaptable [əˈdæptəbl]

capable of being or becoming adapted Syn: plastic

cower

cringe from fear; to shrink away

aimless [ˈeɪmlɪs]

devoid of direction or purpose Syn: adrift, directionless, planless, rudderless, undirected 【E.g.】Aimless is to direction as inconsiderate is to thought.

admirable [ˈædmərəbl]

deserving the highest esteem Syn: commendable, deserving, excellent, praiseworthy

desert [ˈdezərt]

n. 荒野，沙漠 adj. 沙漠的；荒凉的 [dɪ ˈzɜːrt]# vt. 抛弃，遗弃 英 n. ① a barren or desolate area: a dry, often sandy region of little rainfall, extreme temperatures, and sparse vegetation adj. ② of, relating to, characteristic of, or inhabiting a desert ③ barren and uninhabited, desolated vt. ④ to leave empty or alone, abandon 同 abandon, forsake, leave

decoy 中 [ˈdiːkɔɪ]

n. 诱饵，诱惑物；圈套 [dɪ ˈkɔɪ]# vt. 诱捕 英 n. ① a living or artificial bird or other animal used to entice game into a trap or within shooting range ② an enclosed place, such as apond, into which wildfowl are lured for capture vt. ③ to lure or entrap by or as if by a decoy 同 bait; lure 【考点精析】Bait is to fish as decoy is to bird."诱捕"与"被诱捕"的关系。"鱼饵"用来诱捕"鱼"，"假鸟"用来诱捕"鸟"。

alert

watchful; wide awake; Syn: acute, alert, sharp, vigilant, watchful [E.g] Alert is to sentinel (a soldier or guard whose job is to stand and keep watch) as accurate is to sniper (**Function)

placidity [pləˈsɪdəti]

中 n. 平静，沉着 英 a feeling of calmness, a quiet and undisturbed feeling

maxim [ˈmæksɪm]

中 n. 格言，箴言，基本原理 英 a succinct formulation of a fundamental principle; general truth, or rule of conduct 同 principle, tenet

gauge [geɪdʒ]

中 n. 测量标准，规格 vt. 精确地测量；评估，判断 英 n. ① a standard or scale of measurement vt. ② to measure precisely ③ to evaluate or judge

prosper [ˈprɑːspər]

中 vi. 成功，繁盛，繁荣 英 to be fortunate or successful, especially in terms of one's finances; thrive 同 bloom, flourish, mushroom, thrive

deplete [dɪ ˈpliːt]

中 vt. 用光，耗尽 英 to decrease the fullness of, use up or empty out 同 bankrupt, drain, exhaust, impoverish

toxic [ˈtɑːksɪk]

同 noxious, poisonous, venomous

delighted [dɪ ˈlaɪtɪd]

英 filled with delight 同 beguiled, captivated, charmed, enthralled, entranced

impolite [ˌɪmpəˈlaɪt]

中 adj. 不礼貌的，无礼的 英 not polite

therapy [ˈθerəpi]

中 n. 治疗，疗法 英 treatment of illness or disability

guile [gaɪl]

中 n. 狡诈，狡猾 英 treacherous cunning, skillful deceit

defoliate [ˌdiːˈfoʊlieɪt]

中 vt. 除掉叶子；使落叶 vi. 落叶 英 vt. ① to deprive (a plant, tree, or forest) of leaves ② to cause the leaves (of a plant, tree, or forest) to fall off, especially by the use of chemicals vi. ③ to lose foliage 【考点精析】Defoliate is to leaf as depilate is to hair. 动宾关系。除去叶子，脱掉毛发。

deodorize [diːˈoʊdəraɪz ]

中 vt. 除臭 英 to mask or neutralize the odor of

conceal [kənˈsiːl]

中 vt. 隐藏，隐瞒 英 to keep from being seen, found, observed, or discovered 同 camouflage, cloak, cover, hide, veil

seclude [sɪ ˈkluːd]

中 vt. 隔离，孤立；使隐退，使隐居 英 ① to set or keep apart, as from social contact with others ② to screen from view; make private 同 isolate, keep apart, keep away

foretell [fɔːrˈtel]

中 vt. 预言，预示 英 to tell of or indicate beforehand, predict 同 forebode, forecast, predict, prophesy

engage [ɪnˈgeɪdʒ]

中 vt. 预订 (服务等)；雇佣；使订婚；吸引 英 ① to obtain or contract for the services of ② to arrange for the use of ③ to pledge or promise, especially to marry ④ to attract and hold the attention of 同 absorb, employ, engross, grip, hire, hold, involve, promise

somnolent [ˈsɑːmnələnt]

中 ① 昏昏欲睡的；催眠的 英 ① drowsy; sleepy ② inducing or tending to induce sleep; soporific 同 drowsy, sleepy, soporific

amorphous

(adj.) shapeless, without definite form; of no particular type or character; without organization, unity, or cohesion; [E.g] Amorphous is to shape as odorless is to scent ; ( **Lack of")

alias

(n.) an assumed name, especially as used to hide one's identity;

amaze

(v) to fill with great surprise Syn: astonish, astound, bewilder, surprise

deform

(v) to spoil the usual and true shape of something; Syn: disfigure, mar

confuse

(v.) cause to feel embarrassment. e.g. The constant attention of the young man confused her. Syn; baffle, bewilder, confound, nonplus, perplex, puzzle

amass

(v.) to bring together, collect, gather, especially for oneself; to come together, assemble; Syn: accumulate, assemble, collect, compile, gather, store up

dominate

(v.) to rule over by strength or power, control; to tower over, command due to height

cringe

(v.) to shrink back or hide in fear or submissiveness; Syn: cower, fawn

amalgamate

(v.) to unite; to combine elements into a unified whole

adjunct [ˈædʒʌŋkt]

. ① something joined or added to another thing but not essentially a part of it ② a person associated with another in a subordinate or auxiliary capacity adj. ③ added or connected in a subordinate or auxiliary capacity ④ attached to a faculty accessory, appendage, appurtenance, attachment

drill

1. a tool or machine with a pointed end for making holes 2. a way of learning something by means of repeated exercises 3. a practice of what to do in an emergency, for example if there is a fire

counterfeiter

A person who makes illegal copies (money for example)

cylinder

A solid shape with one curved surface and two congruent circular bases.

amplifier

An electric device that boots sound to a level that everyone can hear clearly. [E.g] Amplifier is to sound as magnifier is to size

Dominant

Describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait. 2. most important, powerful

Abundant

Marked by great plenty, amply supplied Syn. plentiful [E.g.】Meager is to abundant as decrepit is to robust.

emphasize

To give special attention to something, to stress

encourage

To inspire with courage, hope, or strength of mind. Syn: cheer, embolden, hearten, inspire, inspirit, support. [E.g] Encourage is to demand as suggest is to order (**Degree)

alcohol

a mixture of ethanol and water that is usually 95% ethanol; [e.g] Alcohol is to intoxicating as tonic is to invigorating

aficionado [əˌfɪʃəˈnɑːdoʊ]

a person who likes, knows about, and appreciates a usually fervently pursued interest or activity 同 devotee

Accompanist

a person who plays a musical instrument, especially a piano, while somebody else plays or sings the main part of the music; one (as a pianist) who plays an accompaniment

costume

a prevalent fashion of dress, including garments, accessories, and hairstyle, esp. as characteristic of a particular country, period, or people

adage [ˈædɪdʒ]

a saying often in metaphorical form that embodies a common observation Syn: byword, proverb, saw

compromise

a settlement of differences in which each side gives up something, Syn: concede, settle, yield

cottage

a small house in the country; Syn: cabin, hovel, hut, shack, shanty

alliance

a state of being joined or associated

Conflict

a state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests; a psychic struggle, often unconscious; Syn: battle, clash, contest, disagreement, struggle

ambush

a surprise attack by people lying in wait in a concealed position.

cornet

a wind instrument of the trumpet class

Accessory

a: a thing of secondary or subordinate importance b: an object or device not essential in itself but adding to the beauty, convenience, or effectiveness of something else Syn: adjunct, supplementary 【E.g.】Accessory is to necklace as cloth is to jacket.

Abstract

adj. ① disassociated from any specific instance ② expressing a quality apart from an object n. ③ a statement summarizing the important points of a text vt. ④ to take away, remove ⑤ to consider (a quality, for example) without reference to a particular example or object Syn: remove, take away 【E.g. 】Abstract is to understand as abstruse is to apprehend. (**Sth. abstract is hard to understand, and sth. abstruse is hard to apprehend)

elaborate 中 [ɪ ˈlæbərət]

adj. 精心制作的；复杂精美的 [ɪ ˈlæbəreɪt]# vt. 精心制 作；努力制作 vi. 详尽论述 英 adj. ① planned or executed with painstaking attention to numerous parts or details ② intricate and rich in detail vt. ③ to work out with care and detail, develop thoroughly ④ to produce by effort, create vi. ⑤ to express at greater length or in greater detail 同 develop, work out

ambition

an ardent desire for rank, fame, or power; Syn: aspiration, dream

egress

an exit; a means of going out

affiliation [əˌfɪli ˈeɪʃn]

closely associated with another typically in a dependent or subordinate positioning: Syn: alliance, association, collaboration, league

amphibian

cold-blooded vertebrate typically living on land but breeding in water; [E.g] Amphibian is to frog as a mammal is to hound ; (** Category / Example)

customary

commonly used or practiced; Syn: accustomed, conventional, habitual, traditional, well-established

concise

expressing much in few words; Syn: brief, short, succinct

dynamo

generator for producing electricity; energetic person

delight

great pleasure, satisfaction, or happiness

delicious

highly pleasing to the senses, especially to taste or smell; 2. very pleasant, delightful; Syn: luscious, savory, tasty

amiable

having or displaying a friendly and pleasant manner;[E.g] Amiable is to grumpy as friendly is to surly (** Antonym)

considerate

having regard for the feelings of others; 2. characterized by careful thought; Syn: kind, thoughtful

critical

inclined to find fault or to judge with severity, often too readily; Syn: choosy, picky, vital

altimeter

instrument for measuring altitude; [E.g] Altimeter is to altitude as scale is to weight. [Funciton]

Acumen

keenness and depth of perception, discernment, or discrimination especially in practical matters

deficient

lacking an essential quality; inadequate in amount or degree;Syn; inadequate, insufficient, lack, meager, scanty, scarce, short, skimpy, sparse

emu

large Australian flightless bird similar to the ostrich but smaller

amenable

likely to cooperate; likely to accept accountability for behavior; Syn: docile, meek, obedient

contaminate

make impure by mixture; pollute; defile; Syn: defile, inflect, pollute

elation [i ˈleɪʃn]

n. 兴高采烈 英 the quality or state of being elated 同 high spirits, lightness

contract [ˈkɑːntrækt]

n. 合同，契约；合约书；合同法；婚约 [kənˈtrækt]# vt. 订(约)；取得，招致；使缩小，使收缩 vi. 订合约；收缩 n. ① an agreement between two or more parties, especially one that is written and enforceable by law ② the writing or document containing such an agreement ③ the branch of law dealing with formal agreements between parties ④ marriage as a formal agreement vt. ⑤ to enter into by contract, establish or settle by formal agreement ⑥ to acquire or incur ⑦ to reduce in size by drawing together vi. ⑧ to enter into or make an agreement ⑨ to become reduced in size by or as if by being drawn together

coordinate [koʊˈɔːrdɪnət]

n. 同等的人或物；成套服装，成套家具；坐标 adj. 同等的；坐标的 # vt. 将...置于同一次序、类别或等级中；协调，调节 vi.协调一致 英 n. ① one that is equal in importance, rank, or degree ② a set of articles, as of clothing or luggage, designed to match or complement one other, as in style or color ③ any of a set of two or more numbers used to determine the position of a point, line, curve, or plane in a space of a given dimension with respect to a system of lines or other fixed reference adj. ④ of equal importance, rank, or degree ⑤ of or based on a system of coordinates vt. ⑥ to place in the same order, class, or rank ⑦ to harmonize in a common action or effort vi. ⑧ to form a pleasing combination, match 同 arrange, harmonize, organize

ambulatory

of or for walking; capable of walking; Syn; moving, walking

allergic

of, relating to, affected with, or caused by allergy

Accomplice

one associated with another especially in wrongdoing Syn: confederate

coward

one who has no courage or gets scared easily

Accountant

one who is skilled in the practice of accounting or who is in charge of public or private accounts

albino

person with skin deficient in pigment (melanin) [E.g] Bald is to hair as albino is to pigment (**Lack of)

delicate

pleasing to the senses, especially in a subtle way; easily hurt; very subtle in difference; Syn: dainty, fine, fragile, frail, sensitive, soft, tender

aloof

removed or distant either physically or emotionally; Syn: detached, disinterested, incurious, indifferent, unconcerned

coronary

relating to or denoting the arteries that surround and supply the heart.

divide

separate or be separated into parts.

aghast [əˈgæst]

struck with terror, amazement, or horror Syn: amazed, astonished, awed, surprised, thunderstruck

Academic

study; the doctrines of Plato's Academy

confusion

the act of confusing or the state of being confused

consumption

the act or process of consuming

comprehension

the action or capability of understanding something, Syn: understanding

concur

to be of the same opinion; to agree with

amend

to change in a formal way; to change for the better; Syn: correct, rectify

Acquire

to get as one's own: a: to come into possession or control of often by unspecified means b: to come to have as a new or added characteristic, trait, or ability (as by sustained effort or natural selection) Syn earn, gain, obtain, secure

alarm

to give warning to, 2. to strike with fear

alternate

to go back and forth; change from one thing to another

emulate

to imitate with the intent of equaling or surpassing the model

contemplate

to look at or view with continued attention; observe or study thoughtfully; Syn: deliberate, meditate, ponder, reflect

deject

to lower the spirits of; dishearten; Syn: depress, dismay

duplicate

to make an identical copy or double of something; to repeat

Abbreviate

to make briefer especially to reduce to a shorter form intended to stand for the whole Syn. abridge, compress, condense, contract, curtail, cut, reduce, shorten 【E.g.】Abbreviate is to shorten as express is to state.

alter

to make different in some particular, as size, style, course, or the like; modify

constrict

to make smaller or narrower, draw together, squeeze; to stop or cause to falter; Syn: compress, contract, press, squeeze

addle [ˈædl]

to throw into confusion confound

altruistic

unselfish, concerned with the welfare of others; [E.g] altruistic is to benevolent as choleric is to belligerent （ ** Synonym)

construct [kənˈstrʌkt]

v. 建造，构成；组 (词)，造 (句)；作 (图) [ˈkɑːnstrʌkt]# n. 构思，概念 英 v. ① to form by assembling or combining parts ② to create (an argument or a sentence, for example) by systematically arranging ideas or terms ③ to draw (a geometric figure) that meets specific requirements, usually with instruments limited to a straightedge and compass n. ④ a concept, model or schematic idea 同 build, create, form, manufacture

fortnight [ˈfɔːrtnaɪt]

中 n. 十四天，两周 英 a period of 14 days, two weeks

restrained [rɪ ˈstreɪnd]

中 adj. 克制的，受限制的 英 marked by restraint, not excessive or extravagant 同 controlled, limited, refrained, restricted

dispute 中 [dɪ ˈspjuːt]

vt. 争论，辩论；对...提出质疑；争夺 vi. 争论，辩论；争 执，争吵 【考点精析】Arbitrate is to dispute as solve is to mystery. 动宾搭配。调停纠纷，解决谜案。

convict [kənˈvɪkt]

vt. 宣告有罪；谴责；使知罪 vi. 判定有罪 [ˈkɑːnvɪkt]# n. 罪犯；囚犯 英 vt. ① to find or prove (someone) guilty of an offense or crime, especially by the verdict of a court ② to show or declare to be blameworthy ③ to make aware of one's sinfulness or guilt vi. ④ to return a verdict of guilty in a court n. ⑤ a person found or declared guilty of an offense or crime ⑥ a person serving a sentence of imprisonment

testy [ˈtesti]

中 adj. 易怒的，暴躁的 英 irritated, impatient, or exasperated; peevish 同 cranky, exasperated, impatient, irritable, ornery, peevish

adhere [ədˈhɪr]

① to give support or maintain loyalty ② to hold fast or stick by or as if by gluing, suction, grasping, or fusing ③ to bind oneself to observance Syn: cling, stick

Abandon

① to give up, withdraw ② to give (oneself) over unrestrainedly Syn: desert, forsake

tactile [ˈtæktl]

中 adj. 能触知的，有触觉的 英 perceptible to the sense of touch; tangible 同 haptic, tactual, tangible

copious

yielding something abundantly; Syn: ample, plenty, sufficient

Abdicate

① to cast off ② to relinquish (as sovereign power) formally Syn. abandon, give up, quit, relinquish, renounce, resign, surrender, vacate 【E.g.】Resign is to occupation as abdicate is to authority. 。

Accuse

① to charge with a fault or offense ② to charge with an offense judicially or by a public process Syn: blame, charge, denounce, impeach, indict

adept [əˈdept]

① a highly skilled or well-trained individual adj. ② very skilled Syn: apt, expert, proficient, skillful

administrator [ədˈmɪnɪstreɪtər]

① a person legally vested with the right of administration of an estate ② a: one who administers especially business, school, or governmental affairs b: a priest appointed to administer a diocese or parish temporarily

Acoustics

① a science that deals with the production, control, transmission, reception, and effects of sound ② (also acoustic) the qualities that determine the ability of an enclosure (as an auditorium) to reflect sound waves in such a way as to produce distinct hearing [e.g.】Acoustics is to sound as optics is to light.

Abode

① a temporary stay ② the place where one abides Syn: address, dwelling, home, housing, quarters, residence

Acute

① a(1): characterized by sharpness or severity (2): having a sudden onset, sharp rise, and short course (3): being, providing, or requiring short-term medical care (as for serious illness or traumatic injury) b: lasting a short time ② ending in a sharp point: as a: being or forming an angle measuring less than 90 degrees b: composed of acute angles ③ high in pitch Syn: astute, discerning, keen, quick, shrewd, smart 【E.g.】Soprano is to acute as contralto is to bass.

ahead [əˈhed]

① a: in a forward direction or position b: in front ② at or to an earlier time: in advance 同 before, forward

Acquaintance

① a: the state of being acquainted b: personal knowledge ② the persons with whom one is familiar, or a person whom one knows but who is not a particularly close friend Syn: conversance, conversancy, familiarity, Friend

Abjure

① a: to renounce upon oath b: to reject solemnly ② to abstain from Syn: forswear, recant, renounce, retract

affirmative [əˈfɜːrmətɪv]

① asserting a predicate of a subject ② asserting that the fact is so ③ positive or optimistic ④ favoring or supporting a proposition or motion Syn: approval, optimistic, positive

affable [ˈæfəbl]

① being pleasant and at ease in talking to others ② characterized by ease and friendliness 同 amiable, approachable, communicative, courteous, friendly, gracious, pleasant,sociable

aggregate

① constituting or amounting to a whole; total ② botany crowded or massed into a dense cluster ③ composed of a mixture of minerals separable by mechanical means n. ④ a total considered with reference to its constituent parts v. ⑤ to gather into a mass, sum, or whole

affluent [ˈæfluənt]

① flowing in abundance ② having a generously sufficient and typically increasing supply of material possessions 同 abundant, ample, bountiful, plentiful, rich, wealthy

agile [ˈædʒl]

① marked by ready ability to move with quick easy grace ② having a quick resourceful and adaptable character 同 adroit, dexterous, flexible, limber, malleable, nimble, skillful, supple 【e.g】Agile is to gymnast as muscular is to weight-lifter.

airy [ˈeri]

① of or relating to air ② high in the air ③ a: being light and graceful in movement or manner b: exceptionally light, delicate, or refined ④ a: open to the free circulation of air b: having openings or spaces ⑤ unreal, illusory Syn: breezy, fanciful, gay, graceful, light, lighthearted, merry

Abortive

① prematurely born ② imperfectly formed or developed ③ tending to cut short Syn: fruitless, unsuccessful

Accomplished

① proficient as the result of practice or training ② having many social accomplishments ③ established beyond doubt or dispute Syn: completed, established, proficient, realized

Accessible

① providing access ② a: capable of being reached b: easy to communicate or deal with available, open

akin [əˈkɪn]

① related by blood: descended from a common ancestor or prototype ② essentially similar, related, or compatible Syn: affiliated, alike, allied, associated, connected, related, simila

Absurd

① ridiculously unreasonable, unsound, or incongruous ② having no rational or orderly relationship to human life Syn: foolish, impossible, ludicrous, ridiculous, unbelievable

Abject

① sunk to or existing in a low state or condition ② a: cast down in spirit b: showing hopelessness or resignation Syn. mean

Accusation

① the act of accusing; the state or fact of being accused ② a charge of wrongdoing

Abyss

① the bottomless gulf, pit, or chaos of the old cosmogonies ② a: an immeasurably deep gulf or great space b: intellectual or moral depths Syn: abysm, chasm, gorge

agency [ˈeɪdʒənsi]

① the office or function of an agent ② the relationship between a principal and that person's agent ③ the means or mode of acting; instrumentality ④ the condition of being in action; operation Syn: instrumentality, means, operation

Acclaim

① to applaud, praise ② to declare by acclamation 同 accept, accredit, advocate, affirm, approve, confirm, encourage, endorse, favor,ratify, sanction, support [E.g.】Acclaim is to praise as berate is to scold.

Accomplish

① to bring about (a result) by effort ② to bring to completion Syn: achieve, carry out, complete, finish, fulfill, perform, realize.

Accompany

① to go with as an associate or companion ② to play a musical instrument,especially a piano, while somebody else plays or sings the main part of the music Syn: conduct, escort, chaperon

aggrandize [əˈgrændaɪz]

① to make great or greater ② to make appear great or greater ③ to enhance the power, wealth, position, or reputation of Syn: enlarge, increase

agitate [ˈædʒɪteɪt]

① to move with an irregular, rapid, or violent action ② to excite and often trouble the mind or feelings Syn: sturb, excite, incite, inflame, instigate, provoke

adjudicate [əˈdʒuːdɪkeɪt]

① to settle judicially ② to act as judge decide, judge, resolve, settle, try

direct [dəˈrekt]

【考点精析】Choreographer is to dancers as director is to actors. 人物指导关系。"编舞者"指导"舞者"，"导演"指导"演员"

dessert [dɪ ˈzɜːrt]

【考点精析】Dessert is to meal as finale is to performance. 部分与整体的关系。"甜点"是一顿"饭"的一部分，"结尾"是"表演"的一部分。

destination [ˌdestɪ ˈneɪʃn]

【考点精析】Destination is to signpost as solution is to clue."指引"关系。"路牌"指引人们找到"终点"，"线索"指引人们找到"解决问题的方法"。

diamond [ˈdaɪəmənd]

【考点精析】Diamond is to carat as heat is to calorie. 物质及其测量单位的关系。"钻石"用"克拉"来衡量，"热量"用"卡路里"来衡量。

herb [hɜːrb]

【考点精析】Dill is to herb as azure is to color. 种属关系。"茴香"属 于"草本植物"，"天蓝色"属于"颜色"。

dinosaur [ˈdaɪnəsɔːr]

【考点精析】Dinosaur is to reptile as dodo is to bird. 种属关系。"恐龙"是一种"爬行动物"，"渡渡鸟"是一种"鸟"。还需要注意到，恐龙 和渡渡鸟都是已经灭绝了的动物。

innocent [ˈɪnəsnt]

【考点精析】Dirt is to immaculate as guilt is to innocent. 缺乏关系。"一 尘不染的"缺乏"尘土"，"无辜的"缺乏"罪恶"。

dough [doʊ]

【考点精析】Dough is to bread as beef is to steak. 食物及其原材料的关系。"生面团"是"面包"的原料，"牛肉"是"牛排"的原料。

doughnut [ˈdoʊnʌt]

【考点精析】Doughnut is to bread as lemonade is to beverage. 种属关系。"甜甜圈"是一种"面包"，"柠檬水"是一种"饮料"。

dune [duːn]

【考点精析】Dune is to wind as gorge is to river. 事物及其成因的关系。"风"吹沙子形成"沙丘"，"河流"冲刷形成"峡谷"。

dwelling [ˈdwelɪŋ]

【考点精析】Dwelling is to cave as weapon is to club. 种属关系。"山洞"是一种"住所"，"棍棒"是一种"武器"。这都是对原始人而言的。

edible [ˈedəbl]

【考点精析】Edible is to eat as audible is to hear."可以"关系。"

elbow [ˈelboʊ]

【考点精析】Elbow is to arm as knuckle is to finger. 身体部位及其关节的关系。"手肘"是连接"胳膊"的大臂和小臂中的关节，可以活动；"指关节"是"手指"各指节中间的关节，也可以活动。

elephant [ˈelɪfənt]

【考点精析】Elephant is to ivory as hippopotamus is to tusk. 动物及其牙的关系。"大象"有"象牙"，"河马"有"獠牙"。

Enlarge

【考点精析】Enlarged is to big as widespread is to broad.

frog [frɔːg]

【考点精析】Frog is to toad as turtle is to tortoise. 近亲关系。"青 蛙"与"蟾蜍"、"海龟"与"陆龟"都属于近亲关系。

integrate [ˈɪntɪgreɪt]

【考点精析】Integrate is to coalesce as segregate is to isolate. 横向 同义 关系，纵向反义关系。

hibernation [ˌhaɪbərˈneɪʃn]

【考点精析】Monarch is to migration as grizzly is to hibernation. 动物 及其习性的关系。 "国王蝴蝶"冬天"迁徙"，"灰熊"冬天"冬眠"。

genius [ˈdʒiːniəs]#

【考点精析】Mountain is to valley as genius is to idiot. 反义关系。"山峰"对"山谷"相当于"天才"对"傻子"。

tuna [ˈtuːnə]

【考点精析】Parrot is to jungle as tuna is to ocean. 动物及其栖息地的 关系。"鹦鹉"生活在"丛林"里，"金枪鱼"生活在"海洋"里。

disaster [dɪˈzæstər]

【考点精析】Precaution is to disaster as antiseptic is to infection."消除"关系。"预防措施"消除"灾祸"，"杀菌剂"消除"感染"。

curve [kɜːrv]

【考点精析】Spiral is to curve as screw is to arc. 二维和三维的关系。

volcano [vɑːl ˈkeɪnoʊ]

【考点精析】Water is to spring as lava is to volcano. 组成关 系。"水"是"泉水"的组成部分，"岩浆"是"火山"的组成部分。

frantic [ˈfræntɪk]

中 adj. (因喜悦、愤怒等) 发狂似的；狂暴的，狂乱的 英 ① highly excited with strong emotion or frustration, frenzied ② characterized by rapid and disordered or nervous activity 同 angry, enraged, exasperated, furious, indignant, infuriated, irritated, outraged, vexed, wrathful

shivering [ˈʃɪvərɪŋ]

中 adj. (因寒冷或害怕而) 颤抖的；引起颤抖的；易碎的 英 ① trembling, as from cold or fear ② causing shivers; chilling ③ easily broken; brittle 同 brittle, chilling, quaking, quavering, trembling

petite [pəˈtiːt]

中 adj. (女子) 娇小的 英 small, slender, and trim, used of a girl or woman 同 little, slight, small

imminent [ˈɪmɪnənt]

中 adj. (尤指不愉快的事) 即将发生的，逼近的 英 about to occur, impending 同 approaching, forthcoming, impending, near, upcoming

veracious [vəˈreɪʃəs]

中 adj. 诚实的；精确的，准确的 英 ① honest ② accurate; precise

null [nʌl]

中 adj. (法律上) 无效的；无用的，无价值的；等于零的 vt. 使...无效 n. 零 英 adj. ① having no legal force; invalid ② of no consequence, effect, or value; insignificant ③ amounting to nothing, absent or nonexistent vt. ④ to make null n. ⑤ zero; nothing 同 futile, ineffective, invalid; zero value

frail [freɪl]

中 adj. (身体) 虚弱的；不够有力的，微弱的；易打破的，易毁坏的；意 志薄弱的，易被引诱的 英 ① physically weak ② not strong or substantial ③ easily broken or destroyed ④ easily led astray 同 assailable, breakable, brittle, delicate, exposed, fragile, insubstantial, susceptible, unprotected, vulnerable

vulnerable [ˈvʌlnərəbl]

中 adj. (身体上) 易受伤的；易受攻击的；易受批评的；易受诱惑的， 易于屈服的 英 ① susceptible to physical injury ② susceptible to attack ③ open to censure or criticism ④ liable to succumb, as to persuasion or temptation 同 assailable, breakable, brittle, delicate, fragile, frail, insubstantial, susceptible, unprotected

indistinct [ˌɪndɪ ˈstɪŋkt]

中 adj. (轮廓) 不清晰的；微弱的；模糊的；难以理解的，不好辨别的 英 ① not clearly or sharply delineated ② faint; dim ③ hazy, vague ④ difficult to understand or make out 同 dim, faint, hazy, unclear, vague

generic [dʒəˈnerɪk]

中 adj. 一般的，总称的 n. 无牌商品 英 adj. ① relating to or descriptive of an entire group or class, general n. ② a product, such as a drug or detergent, that is sold without a brand name or trademark

lax [læks]

中 adj. 不严格的；松弛的；不易控制的 英 ① lacking in rigor, strictness, or firmness ② not taut, firm, or compact; slack ③ loose and not easily retained or controlled 同 inactive, inert, passive, slack, sluggish 【考点精析】Lax is to resolution as deceitful is to sincerity. 缺乏关 系。"松懈的"人缺乏"决心"，"欺骗的"人缺乏"真诚"

inhumane [ˌɪnhjuːˈmeɪn]

中 adj. 不人道的，没有人情味的 英 lacking pity or compassion initiate 中 [ɪ ˈnɪʃieɪt] vt. 开始；给予入门指导；接纳 (新成员) adj. 新加入的； 接受初步知识的；启蒙的 [ɪ ˈnɪʃiət] n. 新加入者 英 vt. ① to set going by taking the first step; begin ② to introduce to a new field, interest, skill, or activity ③ to admit into membership, as with ceremonies or ritual adj. ④ initiated or admitted, as to membership or a position of authority ⑤ instructed in esoteric knowledge ⑥ introduced to something new n. ⑦ one who is being or has been initiated 同 introduce, launch, originate, start

obsolete [ˌɑːbsəˈliːt]

中 adj. 不再使用的，淘汰的；过时的，老式的 vt. 废弃，淘汰 英 adj. ① no longer in use ② outmoded in design, style, or construction vt. ③ to cause to become obsolete 同 old-fashioned, outdated

detrimental [ˌdetrɪ ˈmentl]

中 adj. 不利的，有害的 英 causing damage or harm, injurious 同 damaging, prejudicial, prejudicious

undeniable [ˌʌndɪ ˈnaɪəbl]

中 adj. 不可否认的 英 difficult or impossible to deny

irregular [ɪ ˈregjələr]

中 adj. 不合规则的，不符合要求或一般做法的；不合法的，不道德 的，违规的；不规则的，异常的；不均等的，不稳定的，无规律的 n. 不合格品；非正规军 英 adj. ① contrary to rule, accepted order, or general practice ② not conforming to legality, moral law, or social convention ③ not straight, uniform, or symmetrical ④ of uneven rate, occurrence, or duration n. ⑤ one, such as an item of merchandise, that is irregular ⑥ a soldier, such as a guerrilla, who is not a member of a regular military force 同 abnormal, distorted, erratic

inept [ɪ ˈnept]

中 adj. 不合适的；愚蠢的；笨拙的 英 ① not apt or fitting; inappropriate ② displaying a lack of judgment, sense, or reason; foolish ③ bungling or clumsy; incompetent 同 clumsy, foolish, improper, inappropriate

coy [kɔɪ]

中 adj. 不善社交的；害羞的，腼腆的；不肯作答的，含糊其辞的 英 ① tending to avoid people and social situations ② affectedly and usually flirtatiously shy or modest ③ unwilling to make a commitment 同 demure, humble, meek, shy, timid

sporadic [spəˈrædɪk]

中 adj. 不定时发生的；散发性的；孤立的，个别的 英 ① occurring at irregular intervals; having no pattern or order in time ② appearing singly or at widely scattered localities, as a plant or disease ③ isolated; unique 同 irregular, episodic, occasional; isolated, unique 【考点精析】Sporadic is to steady as episodic is to constant. 横向反义 关系，纵向同义关系。

intolerant [ɪnˈtɑːlərənt]

中 adj. 不容异说的，偏执的；难耐的，无法容忍的 英 ① not tolerant, especially unwilling to tolerate differences in opinions or beliefs, especially religious beliefs ② unable or unwilling to endure or support 同 bigoted, impatient, prejudiced

quirky [ˈkwɜːrki]

中 adj. 不寻常的，离奇的 英 unusual, especially in an interesting way

wretched [ˈretʃɪd]

中 adj. 不幸的；悲惨的，痛苦的；鄙陋的，恶劣的 英 ① in a deplorable state of distress or misfortune ② characterized by or attended with misery or woe ③ of a poor or mean character 英 dejected, depressed, desolate, despondent, dismal, forlorn, gloomy, grieved, lugubrious, morose, mournful, sad, sullen, woebegone, woeful

reluctant [rɪ ˈlʌktənt]

中 adj. 不情愿的，勉强的；阻挠的，顽抗的 英 ① exhibiting or marked by unwillingness; unwilling; disinclined ② offering resistance; opposing 同 disinclined, grudging, loathful, opposing, unwilling

unconcerned [ˌʌnkənˈsɜːrnd]

中 adj. 不感兴趣的；不关心的，不在乎的 英 ① not interested ② not anxious or apprehensive 同 apathetic, blasé, indifferent, nonchalant

loath [loʊθ]

中 adj. 不愿意的，不情愿的 英 unwilling or reluctant, disinclined

indefatigable [ˌɪndɪ ˈfætɪgəbl]

中 adj. 不懈怠的，不屈不挠的 英 incapable or seemingly incapable of being fatigued; tireless 同 tireless, unflagging, unwearying

inconvenient [ˌɪnkənˈviːniənt]

中 adj. 不方便的；不好接近的；不适合的；不合时机的 英 ① not convenient ② not accessible; hard to reach ③ not suited to one's comfort, purpose, or needs ④ inopportune 同 inaccessible, inopportune, improper

dim [dɪm]

中 adj. 不明亮的，暗淡的；无光泽的；模糊的，朦胧的 英 ① lacking in brightness, emitting only a small amount of light ②lacking luster, dull and subdued ③ faintly outlined, indistinct 同 darkish, faint, indistinct, pale, vague, weak

immortal [ɪ ˈmɔːrtl]

中 adj. 不死的，长生的；永恒的，不朽的 n. 神仙；流芳百世的人物 英 adj. ① not subject to death ② never to be forgotten, everlasting n. ③ one not subject to death ④ one whose fame is enduring 同 enduring, everlasting, permanent, unforgotten

dormant [ˈdɔːrmənt]

中 adj. 不活跃的；暂时停止活动的；休眠的 英 ① lying asleep or as if asleep, inactive ② temporarily quiescent ③ in a condition of biological rest or inactivity characterized by cessation of growth or development and the suspension of many metabolic processes 同 inactive, latent, quiescent, sleeping 【考点精析】Dormant is to grizzly as migratory is to wild goose. 动物及其特性(过冬方式)的关系。北美灰熊冬眠，大雁迁徙。dormant 是SSAT 考试的重点词汇，在类比关系中当dormant 和动物放在一起 时，基本上都是考某种动物冬眠的特性，而选项中则选择某种动物迁徙。

malcontent [ˌmælkənˈtent]

中 adj. 不满的 n. 不满者；反叛者 英 adj. ① dissatisfied with existing conditions n. ② a chronically dissatisfied person ③ one who rebels against the established system 同 disaffected, ill-affected, rebellious

peevish [ˈpiːvɪʃ]

中 adj. 不满的，抱怨的；坏脾气的；执拗的 英 ① querulous or discontented ② ill-tempered ③ contrary, fractious 同 argumentative, cantankerous, capricious, choleric, cranky, grouchy, grumpy, ill-tempered, surly

sterile [ˈsterəl]

中 adj. 不生育的；不结果实的；贫瘠的 英 ① not producing or incapable of producing offspring ② (used of plants or their parts) not producing or incapable of producing seed, fruit spores, or other reproductive structures ③ producing little or no vegetation; unfruitful 同 fruitless, unfruitful

weariless [ˈwirilis]

中 adj. 不疲倦的 英 displaying or feeling no fatigue

uneven [ʌnˈiːvn]

中 adj. 不相等的；非势均力敌的，力量悬殊的 英 ① not equal, as in size, length, or quality ② having ill-matched opponents 同 disparate, irregular, unequal

nonplussed [ˌnɑːnˈplʌst]

中 adj. 不知所措的 英 so surprised by something that you do not know what to say or do 同 baffled, bewildered, confused, muddled, perplexed, puzzled

dubious [ˈduːbiəs]

中 adj. 不确定的，犹豫不决的；可疑的；有问题的 英 ① fraught with uncertainty or doubt ② arousing doubt, doubtful ③ of questionable character 同 doubtful, questionable, uncertain

ominous [ˈɑːmɪnəs]

中 adj. 不祥的，不吉利的；预示的，预兆的 英 ① menacing, threatening ② of or being an omen, especially an evil one 同 fateful, portentous, sinister, threatening, unfavorable

inauspicious [ˌɪnɔːˈspɪʃəs]

中 adj. 不祥的，厄运的 英 not favorable; not auspicious 同 unfavorable

precarious [prɪ ˈkerəriəs]

中 adj. 不稳的，不安全的；不确定的；无法保证的，未经证实的 英 ① dangerously lacking in security or stability ② subject to chance or unknown conditions ③ based on uncertain, unwarranted, or unproved premises 同 dubious, hazardous, uncertain, unstable, unsure

rickety [ˈrɪkəti]

中 adj. 不结实的，不稳固的，摇晃的；年老体弱的；佝偻病的 英 ① likely to break or fall apart; shaky ② feeble with age; infirm ③ of, having, or resembling rickets

impenetrable [ɪmˈpenɪtrəbl]

中 adj. 不能穿过的，不能通过的；不能理解的；无动于衷的，不接纳 的 英 ① impossible to penetrate or enter ② impossible to understand; incomprehensible ③ impervious to sentiment or argument

lenient [ˈliːniənt]

中 adj. 不苛刻的，仁慈的 英 inclined not to be harsh or strict; merciful, generous, or indulgent 同 compassionate, merciful, pitiful, sympathetic

impious [ˈɪmpiəs]

中 adj. 不虔诚的，亵渎的；不敬的，不孝的 英 ① lacking reverence; not pious ② lacking due respect or dutifulness 同 insincere, insolent, undevoted

meager [ˈmiːgər]

中 adj. 不足的，缺乏的；贫乏的；瘦的 英 ① deficient in quantity, fullness, or extent; scanty ② deficient in richness, fertility, or vigor; feeble ③ having little flesh; lean 同 deficient, inadequate, insufficient, puny, scanty, scarce, skimpy, sparse

improper [ɪmˈprɑːpər]

中 adj. 不适当的；不合礼仪的；错误的；不规范的，不合标准的 英 ① not suited to circumstances or needs; unsuitable ② not in keeping with conventional mores; indecorous ③ not consistent with established truth, fact, or rule; incorrect ④ irregular or abnormal 同 abnormal, indecorous, unsuitable

opaque [oʊˈpeɪk]

中 adj. 不透光的，不透明的；不反光的，不发亮的 n. 不透明物体，不 透明颜料 英 adj. ① impenetrable by light; neither transparent nor translucent ② not reflecting light; having no luster n. ③ something that is opaque, especially an opaque pigment used to darken parts of a photographic print or negative

psychiatric [ˌsaɪki ˈætrɪk]

中 adj. 与精神病治疗有关的，精神病学的 英 relating to the study and treatment of mental illness

ugly [ˈʌgli]

中 adj. 丑陋的，难看的；令人厌恶的，讨厌的 英 ① displeasing to the eye ② repulsive or offensive 同 hideous, homely, ill-favored, offensive, repulsive, unsightly

tyrannical [tɪ ˈrænɪkl]

中 adj. 专制的，专横的，残暴的 英 of or relating to a tyrant or tyranny; characteristic of a tyrant or tyranny 同 authoritative, dictatorial, oppressing, overbearing, repressing

overbearing [ˌoʊvərˈberɪŋ]

中 adj. 专横的，傲慢的；压倒一切的 英 ① domineering in manner, arrogant ② overwhelming in power or significance, predominant 同 arrogant, authoritative, dictatorial, oppressing, repressing, tyrannical

mundane [mʌnˈdeɪn]

中 adj. 世俗的；寻常的，普通的 英 ① of, relating to, or typical of this world; secular ② relating to, characteristic of, or concerned with commonplaces; ordinary 同 banal, commonplace, drab, humdrum, ordinary, plain, prosaic, trite

severe [sɪ ˈvɪr]

中 adj. 严厉的，苛刻的；严格的；严峻的，艰难的；十分严重的 英 ① unsparing or harsh, as in treatment of others; strict ② marked by or requiring strict adherence to rigorous standards or high principles ③ extremely difficult to perform or endure ④ very serious; grave or grievous 同 austere, ascetic, dour, forbidding, stern, strict

inclement [ɪnˈklemənt]

中 adj. 严寒的；冷酷的 英 ① stormy ② showing no clemency; unmerciful 同 cold, cruel, harsh, rough, severe, stormy incline 中 [ɪnˈklaɪn ] vi. 倾斜；倾向，接近；俯首，弯腰 vt. 使倾斜；使倾向于； 低 (头)，弯 (腰) [ˈɪnklaɪn] n. 斜面，斜坡 英 vi. ① to deviate from the horizontal or vertical; slant ② to be disposed to a certain preference, opinion, or course of action ③ to lower or bend the head or body, as in a nod or bow vt. ④ to cause to lean, slant, or slope ⑤ to influence to have a certain tendency; dispose ⑥ to bend or lower in a nod or bow n. ⑦ an inclined surface; a slope or gradient

stern [stɜːrn]

中 adj. 严格的，严厉的，苛刻的；坚定的，不屈的 英 ① hard, harsh, or severe in manner or character ② grim, gloomy, or forbidding in appearance or outlook ③ firm or unyielding; uncompromising 同 firm, grim, hard, harsh, severe, uncompromising, unyielding

copious [ˈkoʊpiəs]

中 adj. 丰富的，多产的；大量的；冗长的 英 ① yielding or containing plenty ② large in quantity ③ abounding in matter, thoughts, or words 同 adequate, ample, plenty, sufficient

plump [plʌmp]

中 adj. 丰满的；丰富的，充裕的 vt. 使丰满，使鼓起 vi. 变丰满，鼓起 英 adj. ① well-rounded and full in form, chubby ② abundant, ample vt. ③ to make well-rounded or full in form vi. ④ to become wellrounded, chubby, or full in form 同 chubby, corpulent, obese, stout

discursive [dɪsˈkɜːrsɪv]

中 adj. 主题不明的，散乱的；推论的，论证的 英 ① covering a wide field of subjects; rambling ② proceeding to a conclusion through reason rather than intuition

surly [ˈsɜːrli]

中 adj. 乖戾的，粗暴的 英 sullenly ill-humored; gruff 同 brusque, curt, gruff, harsh, rude 【考点精析】Amiable is to grumpy as friendly is to surly. 横向反义关 系，纵向同义关系。amiable 和friendly 都是"友好的，和善的"意思， grumpy 和surly 都是"坏脾气的"意思。 surmise 中 [sərˈmaɪz] vt. 推测出，猜测出 vi. 推测，猜测 [ˈsɜːrmaɪz] n. 推测， 猜测 英 vt. ① to infer (something) without sufficiently conclusive evidence vi. ② to make a guess or conjecture n. ③ an idea or opinion based on insufficiently conclusive evidence; a conjecture 同 deduce, infer, presume, suppose, suspect

customary [ˈkʌstəmeri]

中 adj. 习惯上的，合乎习俗的；【律】按惯例的 英 ① commonly practiced, used, or encountered ② based on custom or tradition rather than written law or contract 同 accustomed, conventional, habitual, traditional, well-established

habitual [həˈbɪtʃuəl]

中 adj. 习惯性的，惯常的 英 of the nature of a habit 同 accustomed, conventional, customary, traditional, well-established

profane [prəˈfeɪn]

中 adj. 亵渎的，亵渎神灵的；非宗教的，世俗的；外行的，未经传授 的 vt. 亵渎，不敬 英 adj. ① marked by contempt or irreverence for what is sacred ② nonreligious in subject matter, form, or use; secular ③ not admitted into a body of secret knowledge or ritual; uninitiated vt. ④ to treat with irreverence 同 blasphemous, sacrilegious, secular, desecrate, violate

noisome [ˈnɔɪsəm]

中 adj. 令人作呕的，有恶臭的；(对身体) 有害的，危险的 英 ① offensive to the point of arousing disgust; foul ② harmful or dangerous 同 disgusting, harmful, malodorous, noxious

repugnant [rɪ ˈpʌgnənt]

中 adj. 令人反感的 英 arousing disgust or aversion; offensive or repulsive 同 abhorrent, detestable, disgusting, obscene, offensive, repulsive

pathetic [pəˈθetɪk]

中 adj. 令人同情的，可怜的；可悲的，可鄙的 英 ① arousing or capable of arousing sympathetic sadness and compassion ② arousing or capable of arousing scornful pity 同 pitiful

heartrending [ˈhɑːrtˌrendɪŋ]

中 adj. 令人心碎的，悲惨的 英 making you feel great pity, heartbreaking 同 regretful, remorseful, woeful

shocked [ʃɑːkt]

中 adj. 令人惊讶的，震惊的 英 feeling surprised and upset by something very unexpected and unpleasant 同 aghast, appalled, astonished, astounded, dismayed, petrified, stunned, startled

mendicant [ˈmendɪkənt]

中 adj. 以行乞为生的 n. 乞丐 英 adj. ① depending on alms for a living; practicing begging n. ② a beggar 同 beggar

supine [ˈsuːpaɪn]

中 adj. 仰卧的；掌心向上的；懒散的，倦怠的；向后倾斜的，向后靠的 英 ① lying on the back or having the face upward ② (used of the hand) having the palm upward ③ marked by or showing lethargy, passivity, or blameworthy indifference ④ inclined; sloping

optional [ˈɑːpʃənl]

中 adj. 任选的，非强制的 英 left to choice, not compulsory or automatic 同 elective, voluntary 【考点精析】Requirement is to optional as must is to able. 程度关 系。"要求"比"任选的" 程度深，"必须"比"可以的"程度深。

fallow [ˈfæloʊ]

中 adj. 休耕的 n. 休耕地；休耕期 vt. 使休耕 英 adj. ① plowed but left unseeded during a growing season n. ② land left unseeded during a growing season ③ the condition or period of being unseeded vt. ④ to plow (land) without seeding it afterward L MP3-12 IST 12

refined [rɪ ˈfaɪnd]

中 adj. 优雅的，礼貌的；纯净的，提纯的；精确的 英 ① free from coarseness or vulgarity; polite ② free of impurities; purified ③ precise to a fine degree 同 cultivated, perfect, polish, polite, purified

infectious [ɪnˈfekʃəs]

中 adj. 传染的，传染性的；有感染力的 英 ① capable of causing infection; caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection ② easily or readily communicated 同 contagious, transmitted

conventional [kənˈvenʃənl]

中 adj. 传统的，惯例的；拘泥于习俗的；死板的；普通的，常见的；会议的；(战争) 传统的，非核的 英 ① based on or in accordance with general agreement, use, or practice; customary ② devoted to or bound by conventions to the point of artificiality ③ unimaginative ④ represented, as in a work of art, in simplified or abstract form ⑤ of, relating to, or resembling an assembly ⑥ using means other than nuclear weapons or energy 同 accustomed, customary, habitual, traditional, well-established

incidental [ˌɪnsɪ ˈdentl]

中 adj. 伴随发生的；非主要的 英 ① occurring or likely to occur as an unpredictable or minor accompaniment ② of a minor, casual, or subordinate nature 同 casual, occasional, sporadic, unpredictable

mousy [ˈmaʊsi]

中 adj. 似鼠的；灰褐色的；具有鼠的特点的；胆小如鼠的 英 ① resembling a mouse ② having a drab, pale brown color ③ having small, sharp features ④ quiet; timid; shy

distasteful [dɪsˈteɪstfl]

中 adj. 使人不愉快的；令人反感的；表示厌恶的 英 ① unpleasant, disagreeable ② objectionable, offensive ③expressing aversion or dislike 同 disgustful, disgusting, foul, loathsome, repellent, repelling,revolting, unsavory, yucky

wearisome [ˈwɪrisəm]

中 adj. 使人厌倦的，乏味的 英 causing physical or mental fatigue

perplexing [pərˈpleksɪŋ]

中 adj. 使人困惑的；复杂的，费解的 英 ① puzzling, confusing ② being intricate or complicated 同 baffling, bewildering, confusing, muddling, nonplusing, puzzling

scary [ˈskeri]

中 adj. 使人惊慌的，吓人的；易受惊的，胆小的 英 ① causing fright or alarm ② easily scared; very timid 同 chilling, scary, shivery

rewarding [rɪ ˈwɔːrdɪŋ]

中 adj. 值得的；给予报偿的，有利可图的；作为奖赏的 英 ① offering or likely to offer satisfaction or gratification ② affording profit; remunerative ③ constituting a reward 同 profitable, remunerative, satisfying

spurious [ˈspjʊriəs]

中 adj. 假的，伪造的，欺骗性的 英 lacking authenticity or validity in essence or origin; not genuine; false 同 bastardly, false, inauthentic, specious

overblown [ˌoʊvərˈbloʊn]

中 adj. 做过头的，过分的；华而不实的，夸夸其谈的；已过盛期的 英 ① done to excess, overdone ② full of empty or pretentious language, bombastic ③ past the stage of full bloom 同 bombastic, overdone, pretentious

robust [roʊˈbʌst]

中 adj. 健康有力的；强健的，粗壮的；需要或适于体力或耐力的；(酒) 醇厚的 英 ① full of health and strength; vigorous ② powerfully built; sturdy ③ requiring or suited to physical strength or endurance ④ marked by richness and fullness; full-bodied 同 animated, energetic, vigorous, vivacious

sanitary [ˈsænəteri]

中 adj. 健康的；清洁的，卫生的 英 ① of or relating to health ② free from elements, such as filth or pathogens, that endanger health; hygienic 同 clean, hygienic, prophylactic, sterile

occasional [əˈkeɪʒənl]

中 adj. 偶发的，经常的；特殊场合用的；临时的 英 ① occurring from time to time, not habitual, infrequent ② created for a special occasion ③ intended for use as the occasion requires 同 accidental, inhabitual, sporadic

haphazard [hæpˈhæzərd]

中 adj. 偶然的，随意性的 n. 机会，偶然 adv. 偶然地 英 adj. ① dependent upon or characterized by mere chance n. ② mere chance, fortuity adv. ③ by chance, casually 同 accidental, occasional, random, sporadic, unordered; chance

soporific [ˌsɑːpəˈrɪfɪk]

中 adj. 催眠的；昏昏欲睡的 n. 催眠药 英 adj. ① inducing or tending to induce sleep ② drowsy n. ③ a drug or other substance that induces sleep; a hypnotic 同 drowsy, hypnotic, somnolent

insolent [ˈɪnsələnt]

中 adj. 傲慢的；无礼的 英 ① presumptuous and insulting in manner or speech; arrogant ② audaciously rude or disrespectful; impertinent 同 arrogant, conceited, haughty, lofty, proud

exuberant [ɪgˈzuːbərənt]

中 adj. 充满喜悦的；豪华的，浪费的；非凡的，极度的；丰富的，足够 的 英 ① full of unrestrained enthusiasm or joy ② lavish, extravagant ③ extreme in degree, size, or extent ④ growing, producing, or produced abundantly 同 flamboyant, lavish, lush, luxuriant, plentiful, prodigal, profuse

resentful [rɪ ˈzentfl]

中 adj. 充满愤恨的，愤慨的 英 full of, characterized by, or inclined to feel indignant ill will 同 adverse, bitter, ill-willed, indignant, malicious, spiteful

gleeful [ˈgliːfl]

中 adj. 充满欢喜的，欢欣的 英 full of jubilant delight, joyful 同 airy, blissful, delightful, elated, euphoric, exultant, jovial, joyful , jubilant

enthusiastic [ɪnˌθuːzi ˈæstɪk]

中 adj. 充满热情的 英 having or demonstrating enthusiasm 同 ardent, devoted, eager, fanatical, fervent, fervid, intense, passionate, vehement, zealous

sufficient [səˈfɪʃnt]

中 adj. 充足的，足够的 英 being as much as is needed 同 adequate, ample, competent

glorious [ˈglɔːriəs]

中 adj. 光荣的；辉煌的，荣耀的；壮观的，壮丽的；高兴的，愉快的 英 ① having or deserving glory, famous ② conferring or advancing glory ③ characterized by great beauty and splendor, magnificent ④ delightful, wonderful 同 grand, luxurious, magnificent, majestic, splendid, superb

overt [oʊˈvɜːrt]

中 adj. 公开的，明显的；公然的 英 ① open and observable; not hidden, concealed, or secret ② of, relating to, or being military or intelligence operations sanctioned or mandated by Congress 同 disclosed, exposed, glaring, obvious

impartial [ɪmˈpɑːrʃl]

中 adj. 公正的，不偏不倚的 英 not partial or biased, unprejudiced 同 just, unbiased, unprejudiced

concrete [ˈkɑːŋkriːt]

中 adj. 具体的；真实的；有形的；凝结的；用混凝土制成的 n. 混凝土；凝结物 vt. 用混凝土修筑；使凝结 vi. 硬化 英 adj. ① of or relating to an actual, specific thing or instance ②existing in reality or in real experience ③ of or relating to a material thing or group of things as opposed to an abstraction ④ formed by the coalescence of separate particles or parts into one mass ⑤ made of hard, strong, conglomerate construction material n. ⑥ a hard, strong construction material consisting of sand, conglomerate gravel,pebbles, broken stone, or slag in a mortar or cement matrix ⑦ a mass formed by the coalescence of particles vt. ⑧ to build, treat, or cover with hard, strong conglomerate construction material ⑨ to form into a mass by coalescence or cohesion of particles or parts vi.⑩ to harden, solidify 同 real, solid, substantial; cement, pavement

rigid [ˈrɪdʒɪd]

中 adj. 具刚性的，坚硬的；坚固的；精确的，严密的；严格的，苛刻的 英 ① not flexible or pliant; stiff ② not moving; fixed ③ marked by a lack of flexibility; rigorous and exacting ④ scrupulously maintained or performed 同 fixed, rigorous, stiff, strict, stringent

coronary [ˈkɔːrəneri]

中 adj. 冠状动脉的或静脉的；心脏的 英 ① of, relating to, or being the coronary arteries or coronary veins ② of or relating to the heart

frozen [ˈfroʊzn]

中 adj. 冰冻的，结冰的；严寒的；吓呆的，惊呆的；冻结的 英 ① made into, covered with, or surrounded by ice ② very cold ③ rendered immobile ④ impossible to withdraw, sell, or liquidate 同 chilled, freezed, stiffen

headstrong [ˈhedstrɔːŋ]

中 adj. 刚愎自用的，固执己见的 英 determined to have one's own way, stubbornly and often recklessly willful 同 absolute, dogged, dogmatic, mulish, obstinate, opinionated, pigheaded, stubborn

ingenious [ɪnˈdʒiːniəs]

中 adj. 制作精巧的；心灵手巧的 英 ① marked by inventive skill and imagination ② having or arising from an inventive or cunning mind; clever 同 clever, creative, inspired, inventive, original, proficient, skillful

pragmatic [prægˈmætɪk]

中 adj. 务实的，实干的；系统论述史实的；实用主义的 英 ① dealing or concerned with facts or actual occurrences ② relating to or being the study of cause and effect in historical or political events with emphasis on the practical lessons to be learned from them ③ of or relating to pragmatism 同 practical, realistic

shoddy [ˈʃɑːdi]

中 adj. 劣质材料的；粗制滥造的；失修的，破旧的；不诚实的，应受指 责的 n. 翻造毛线 英 adj. ① made of or containing inferior material ② of poor quality or craft ③ rundown; shabby ④ dishonest or reprehensible n. ⑤ woolen yarn made from scraps or used clothing, with some new wool added 同 deceptive, misleading, shabby, rundown

rapacious [rəˈpeɪʃəs]

中 adj. 劫掠的；贪婪的；捕食性的 英 ① taking by force; plundering ② greedy; ravenous ③ subsisting on live prey 同 edacious, esurient, predatory, raptorial, ravening, ravenous, voracious, vulturous, vulturine, wolfish

stout [staʊt]

中 adj. 勇敢坚定的，顽强的，不屈不挠的；健壮的 n. 肥胖的人 英 adj. ① having or marked by boldness, bravery, or determination; firm and resolute ② strong in body; sturdy n. ③ a thickset or corpulent person 同 sturdy

intrepid [ɪnˈtrepɪd]

中 adj. 勇敢的，无畏的 英 resolutely courageous; fearless 同 audacious, bold, dare, gallant, prow

valiant [ˈvæliənt]

中 adj. 勇敢的，英勇的 英 ① possessing valor; marked by or done with valor 同 audacious, bold, daring, gallant, intrepid

heinous [ˈheɪnəs]

中 adj. 十恶不赦的，极凶恶的 英 grossly wicked or reprehensible, abominable 同 atrocious, flagitious, grievous, monstrous

translucent [trænsˈluːsnt]

中 adj. 半透明的 英 transmitting light but causing sufficient diffusion to prevent perception of distinct images 同 semitransparent

solitary [ˈsɑːləteri]

中 adj. 单独的；唯一的；隐居的 n. 遁世者 英 adj. ① existing, living, or going without others; alone ② happening, done, or made alone ③ remote from civilization; secluded n. ④ a person who lives alone; a recluse 同 alone, individual, recluse, secluded, unique

erudite [ˈerudaɪt]

中 adj. 博学的 英 characterized by erudition, learned 同 learned, scholarly 【考点精析】Scholar is to erudite as orator is to eloquent. 人物及其正面 特征的关系。"学者"是"博学的"，"演说家"是"雄辩的"。

hygienic [haɪ ˈdʒenɪk]

中 adj. 卫生学的；保健的；卫生的 英 ① of or relating to hygiene ② tending to promote or preserve health ③ sanitary

perilous [ˈperələs]

中 adj. 危险的，冒险的 英 full of or involving peril, dangerous 同 dangerous, hazardous, precarious, risky

forthcoming [ˌfɔːrθˈkʌmɪŋ]

中 adj. 即将到来的；现成的；友善的；坦率的，乐意合作的 n. 来临 英 adj. ① about to appear or take place, approaching ② available when required or as promised ③ affable and outgoing ④ candid and willing to cooperate n. ⑤ the act or an instance of coming forth 同 imminent, impending

impending [ɪmˈpendɪŋ]

中 adj. 即将发生的，逼近的 英 being about to occur 同 approaching, forthcoming, imminent, near, upcoming

gregarious [grɪ ˈgeriəs]

中 adj. 合群的，爱交友的；群居的 英 ① seeking and enjoying the company of others, sociable ② tending to move in or form a group with others of the same kind 同 affable, amiable, amicable, companionable, friendly, sociable

primitive [ˈprɪmətɪv]

中 adj. 原本的，基本的；原始的，早期的；简单的，简陋的 n. 原始人； 单纯的人 英 adj. ① not derived from something else; primary or basic ② of or relating to an earliest or original stage or state; primeval ③ characterized by simplicity or crudity; unsophisticated n. ④ a person belonging to a nonindustrial, often tribal society, especially a society characterized by a low level of economic complexity ⑤ an unsophisticated person 同 ancient, barbarous, basic, elementary, original, prehistoric, uncivilized

contrary [ˈkɑːntreri]

中 adj. 反对的；相反的，逆向的；不利的 n. 对立物；对立方，对立面；反对命题 adv. 相反地 英 adj. ① opposed, as in character or purpose ② opposite in direction or position ③ adverse n. ④ something that is opposite or contrary ⑤ either of two opposing or contrary things ⑥ a proposition related to another in such a way that if the latter is true, the former must be false, but if the latter is false, the former is not necessarily true adv. ⑦ in an opposite direction or manner 同 conflicting, different, opposed, opposite

irate [aɪ ˈreɪt]

中 adj. 发怒的；令人愤怒的 英 ① extremely angry; enraged ② characterized or occasioned by anger 同 agitated, indignant, inflamed, irritated

musty [ˈmʌsti]

中 adj. 发霉的；陈腐的；过时的；生疏的，荒废的 英 ① stale or moldy in odor or taste ② hackneyed or trite; dull ③ out of date; antiquated ④ out of use or practice; rusty

fertile [ˈfɜːrtl]

中 adj. 受精的，能生育的；多产的，繁殖力强的；肥沃的；丰富的 英 ① capable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction; capable of growing and developing; able to mature ② bearing or producing crops or vegetation abundantly, fruitful ③ rich in material needed to sustain plant growth ④ highly or continuously productive 同 adequate, ample, copious, productive, prolific, rich, sufficient

weathered [ˈweðərd]

中 adj. 受风雨侵蚀的，饱经风霜的 英 worn, stained, or warped by or as if by exposure to weather

stale [steɪl]

中 adj. 变味的，腐坏的；陈腐的，没有新意的 英 ① having lost freshness, effervescence, or palatability ② lacking originality or spontaneity 同 insipid

oral [ˈɔːrəl]

中 adj. 口头的；口的，口部的 英 ① spoken rather than written ② of or relating to the mouth

inarticulate [ˌɪnɑːrˈtɪkjələt]

中 adj. 口齿不清的；说不出话的；拙于言辞的；难以言喻的 英 ① uttered without the use of normal words or syllables; incomprehensible as speech or language ② unable to speak; speechless ③ unable to speak with clarity or eloquence ④ going unexpressed

eccentric [ɪkˈsentrɪk]

中 adj. 古怪的，异常的；偏离轨道运行的；离心的 n. 古怪的人；偏心圆 英 adj. ① departing from a recognized, conventional, or established norm or pattern ② deviating from a circular form or path, as in an elliptical orbit ③ not situated at or in the geometric center n. ④ one that deviates markedly from an established norm, especially a person of odd or unconventional behavior ⑤ a disk or wheel having its axis of revolution displaced from its center so that it is capable of imparting reciprocating motion 同 abnormal, erratic, irregular, odd, outlandish, peculiar, quaint, queer, unusual 【考点精析】Eccentric is to orbit as betrayer is to loyalty."违背(缺 乏)"关系。"偏离轨道运行的"就是违背了(缺乏了") 轨道"，"叛徒"就是违背了(缺乏了") 忠诚"

plastic [ˈplæstɪk]

中 adj. 可塑的；造型的，塑造的；塑像的；赋予形态的；易受影响的 英 ① capable of being shaped or formed ② relating to or dealing with shaping or modeling ③ having the qualities of sculpture, wellformed ④ giving form or shape to a substance ⑤ easily influenced, impressionable 同 malleable, pliable

frightful [ˈfraɪtfl]

中 adj. 可怕的，令人震惊的；极度的，过分的；可恶的，讨厌的 英 ① causing disgust or shock, horrifying ② excessive, extreme ③ disagreeable, distressing 同 awful, horrible, terrible, ugly When an end is lawful and obligatory, the indispensable means to it are also law-ful and obligatory. 如果一个目的是正当而必须做的，则达到这个目的的必要手段也是正当而必须采 取的。 ——美国政治家林肯(Abraham Lincoln, American statesman) L MP3-13 IST 13

formidable [ˈfɔːrmɪdəbl]

中 adj. 可怕的；不可思议的，令人惊叹的；难对付的 英 ① arousing fear, dread, or alarm ② inspiring awe, admiration, or wonder ③ difficult to undertake, surmount, or defeat 同 difficult, hard, impressive, rough

odious [ˈoʊdiəs]

中 adj. 可憎的，令人作呕的 英 arousing or meriting strong dislike, aversion, or intense displeasure 同 disgusting, foul, hateful, obnoxious, repulsive, revolting, vile, wretched

prehensile [prɪ ˈhensl]

中 adj. 可盘卷的；聪明的，有洞察力的；贪婪的 英 ① adapted for seizing, grasping, or holding, especially by wrapping around an object ② having keen intellect; insightful ③ greedy; grasping 同 grasping, greedy, insightful, intellectual

various [ˈveriəs]

中 adj. 各种各样的，多样的；多方面的；具有多种特征的，多姿多彩 的 英 ① of diverse kinds ② many-sided ③ having a variegated nature or appearance

varied [ˈverid]

中 adj. 各种各样的，多样的；已改变的；杂色的，斑驳的 英 ① having or consisting of various kinds or forms ② having been modified or altered ③ of several colors

fair [fer]

中 adj. 合理的，恰当的；平等的，公正的；(数量、大小等) 相当大的； (皮肤) 白皙的；(天气) 晴朗的 n. 露天游乐场；集市，商品交易会 英 adj. ① acceptable and appropriate in a particular situation ② treating everyone equally and according to the rules or law ③ quite large in number, size or amount④ pale in color ⑤ bright and nor raining n. ⑥ a type of entertainment in a field or park at which farm animals and products are shown and take part in competitions ⑦ an event at which people, businesses, etc. show and sell their goods

volatile [ˈvɑːlətl]

中 adj. 易挥发的；易蒸发的；易波动的，不稳定的 英 ① evaporating readily at normal temperatures and pressures ② that can be readily vaporized ③ tending to vary often or widely, as in price

contemporary [kənˈtempəreri]

中 adj. 同时期的；同龄的；当前的，当代的 n. 同时代的人；同龄人 英 adj. ① belonging to the same period of time ② of about the same age ③ current, modern n. ④ one of the same time or age ⑤ a person of the present age

stingy [ˈstɪndʒi]

中 adj. 吝啬的；不足的 英 ① giving or spending reluctantly ② scanty or meager 同 meager, miserly, niggardly, parsimonious, penurious, scanty

vague [veɪg]

中 adj. 含糊的，不明确的；迷惑的 英 ① not clearly expressed ② indistinctly felt, perceived, understood, or recalled 同 dim, faint, hazy, indefinite, indistinct, misty, obscure

inaudible [ɪnˈɔːdəbl]

中 adj. 听不见的 英 impossible to hear 同 unhearable

salty [ˈsɔːlti]

中 adj. 咸的，含盐的；海洋的，航海生活的 英 ① of, containing, or seasoned with salt ② suggestive of the sea or sailing life

lachrymose [ˈlækrɪmoʊs]

中 adj. 哭的，爱哭的；使人流泪的，或易于流泪的 英 ① weeping or inclined to weep; tearful ② causing or tending to cause tears

mercenary [ˈmɜːrsəneri]

中 adj. 唯利是图的；雇佣的 n. 唯利是图的人；雇佣兵 英 adj. ① motivated solely by a desire for monetary or material gain ② hired for service in a foreign army n. ③ one who serves or works merely for monetary gain, a hireling ④ a professional soldier hired for service in a foreign army 同 materialistic, mercantile

talkative [ˈtɔːkətɪv]

中 adj. 喜欢说话的；健谈的；饶舌的，多嘴的 英 marked by or having a disposition to talk 同 communicative, garrulous, loquacious

olfactory [ɑːl ˈfæktəri]

中 adj. 嗅觉的 英 of, relating to, or contributing to the sense of smell

verbose [vɜːrˈboʊs]

中 adj. 嗦的，冗长的 英 using or containing a great and usually an excessive number of words 同 wordy, tedious, windy

steadfast [ˈstedfæst]

中 adj. 固定的，稳固的；坚定的 英 ① fixed or unchanging; steady ② firmly loyal or constant; unswerving 同 constant, fixed, steady, unchanging, uniform, unswerving

obstinate [ˈɑːbstɪnət]

中 adj. 固执的，顽固的；倔强的，难驾驭的；(疾病) 难医治的 英 ① stubbornly adhering to an attitude, an opinion, or a course of action; obdurate ② difficult to manage, control, or subdue; refractory ③ difficult to alleviate or cure 同 dogged, dogmatic, hidebound, mulish, opinionated, pertinacious, pigheaded, stubborn

rotund [roʊˈtʌnd]

中 adj. 圆形的，胖乎乎的；洪亮的，圆润的 英 ① rounded in figure; plump ② having a full, rich sound; sonorous 同 corpulent, obese, orotund, plump, round, weighty

underground [ˌʌndəˈgraʊnd]

中 adj. 地下的；隐藏的；不公开的，秘密的，非法的 英 ① situated, occurring, or operating below the surface of the earth ② hidden or concealed ③ of or relating to an organization involved in secret or illegal activity 同 clandestine, concealed, hidden, hiding, secret

terrestrial [təˈrestriəl]

中 adj. 地球的；世俗的；陆地的 n. 地球生物 英 adj. ① of or relating to the earth or its inhabitants ② having a worldly, mundane character or quality ③ of, relating to, or composed of land n. ④ an inhabitant of the earth

subterranean [ˌsʌbtəˈreɪniən]

中 adj. 地表下的，地下的；隐藏的，秘密的 英 ① situated or operating beneath the Earth's surface; underground ② hidden; secret 同 hidden, secret, underground

grumpy [ˈgrʌmpi]

中 adj. 坏脾气的，性情乖戾的 英 surly and peevish, cranky 同 cranky, peevish, surly 【考点精析】Amiable is to grumpy as friendly is to surly. 横向反义关 系，纵向 同义关系。amiable 和friendly 都是"友好的，和善的"的意 思，grumpy 和surly 都是"坏脾气的"的意思。

stocky [ˈstɑːki]

中 adj. 坚固的；结实的；矮胖的 英 ① solidly built; sturdy ② chubby; plump 同 chubby, plump, rotund, sturdy

mural [ˈmjʊrəl]

中 adj. 墙壁的，墙壁似的；画在或挂在墙上的 英 ① of, relating to, or resembling a wall ② painted on or applied to a wall

notorious [noʊˈtɔːriəs]

中 adj. 声名狼藉的，恶名昭彰的 英 known widely and usually unfavorably; infamous

reputable [ˈrepjətəbl]

中 adj. 声誉好的，可敬的 英 having a good reputation; honorable 同 honest, honorable, moral, respectable, upright, upstanding

multiple [ˈmʌltɪpl]

中 adj. 复合的，多样的，由多部分组成的 n. 倍数 英 adj. ① having, relating to, or consisting of more than one individual, element, part, or other component; manifold n. ② a number that may be divided by another number with no remainder

diplomatic [ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk]

中 adj. 外交的，外交工作的；老练的 英 ① of, relating to, or involving diplomacy or diplomats ② using or marked by tact and sensitivity in dealing with others

extroverted [ˈekstrəvɜːrtɪd]

中 adj. 外向的，喜欢社交的 英 marked by interest in others or in the environment as opposed to or to the exclusion of self; gregarious or outgoing

formal [ˈfɔːrml]

中 adj. 外形的，形式的；正规的；正式的 n. 礼服 英 adj. ① relating to or involving outward form or structure ② following or being in accord with accepted forms, conventions, or regulations ③ characterized by strict or meticulous observation of forms, methodical n. ④ something, such as a gown or social affair, that is formal in nature

exotic [ɪgˈzɑːtɪk]

中 adj. 外来的，外国的；奇特的，吸引人的 n. 外来的人或物 英 adj. ① from another part of the world ② intriguingly unusual or different n. ③ one that is exotic 同 foreign, strange 【考点精析】Exotic is to pedestrian as complex is to plain. 反义关 系。"奇特的"与"平淡的"是反义词，"复杂的"与"简朴的"是反义词。

redundant [rɪ ˈdʌndənt]

中 adj. 多余的；累赘的，冗长的；冗余的 英 ① exceeding what is necessary or natural; superfluous ② needlessly repetitive; verbose ③ of or involving redundancy in the transmission of messages 同 excess, extra, pleonastic, superfluous, surplus, supernumerary, tautologic

porous [ˈpɔːrəs]

中 adj. 多孔的，有孔的；能渗透的；易穿透的 英 ① full of or having pores ② admitting the passage of gas or liquid through pores or interstices ③ easily crossed or penetrated 同 penetrating, piercing

passionate [ˈpæʃənət]

中 adj. 多情的，易激动的；脾气暴躁的；激昂的，热烈的；有热情的 英 ① capable of, having, or dominated by powerful emotions ② wrathful by temperament, choleric ③ showing or expressing strong emotion, ardent ④ arising from or marked by passion 同 ardent, fervent, fervid, perfervid LIST 20 MP3-20

versatile [ˈvɜːrsətl]

中 adj. 多才多艺的，多面手的；多用途的，多功能的；反复无常的， 易变的 英 ① capable of doing many things competently ② having varied uses or serving many functions ③ variable or inconstant 同 all-around, applicable, inconstant, variable

hirsute [ˈhɜːrsuːt]

中 adj. 多毛的，有须的 英 covered with hair, hairy

prolific [prəˈlɪfɪk]

中 adj. 多育的，多产的 英 ① producing offspring or fruit in great abundance; fertile ② producing abundant works or results 同 creative, fertile, fruitful, plentiful, productive

crude [kruːd]

中 adj. 天然的；粗野的，没教养的；粗糙的 n. 原油 英 adj. ① being in an unrefined or natural state, raw ② lacking tact,refinement, or taste ③ not carefully or completely made, rough n. ④a substance, especially petroleum, in its unrefined state 同 crass, raw, rough, unrefined, vulgar

outlandish [aʊtˈlændɪʃ]

中 adj. 奇特的，古怪的；非常不熟悉的；偏僻的 英 ① conspicuously unconventional, bizarre ② strikingly unfamiliar ③ located far from civilized areas 同 bizarre, curious, odd, peculiar, queer, strange, weird

truculent [ˈtrʌkjələnt]

中 adj. 好战的；激烈反对的，尖刻的 英 ① disposed to fight ② expressing bitter opposition 同 aggressive, combating, opposing, pungent

nosy [ˈnoʊzi]

中 adj. 好管闲事的；爱追问的 英 ① given to prying into the affairs of others ② prying; inquisitive 同 prying

prurient [ˈprʊriənt]

中 adj. 好色的；淫秽的 英 ① inordinately interested in matters of sex; lascivious ② arousing or appealing to an inordinate interest in sex 同 lascivious, lubricious, lustful, salacious

masterly [ˈmæstərli]

中 adj. 娴熟的，精湛的 adv. 熟练地，巧妙地 英 adj. ① having or showing the knowledge or skill of a master adv. ② with the skill of a master 同 adroit, agile, crafty, dexterous, flexible, limber, nimble, skillful, supple

miserly [ˈmaɪzərli]

中 adj. 守财奴似的，吝啬的，贪婪的 英 of, relating to, or characteristic of a miser; avaricious, grasping, and penurious 同 avaricious, grasping, penurious

secure [səˈkjʊr]

中 adj. 安全的；保险的；安心的 vt. 保护，使安全；确信，确保；保障 英 adj. ① free from danger or attack ② free from risk of loss; safe ③ free from fear, anxiety, or doubt vt. ④ to guard from danger or risk of loss ⑤ to make certain; ensure ⑥ to protect or ensure the privacy or secrecy of (a telephone line, for example) 同 safe; ensure

serene [səˈriːn]

中 adj. 安详的，平静的；晴朗的 英 ① unaffected by disturbance; calm and unruffled ② unclouded; fair 同 calm, pacific, peaceful, tranquil, unruffled; fair, unclouded

domestic [dəˈmestɪk]

中 adj. 家庭的；爱家的；驯养的；本国的；国产的 英 ① of or relating to the family or household ② fond of home life and household affairs ③ tame or domesticated ④ of or relating to a country's internal affairs ⑤ produced in or indigenous to a particular country 同 internal, tame 【考点精析】Domestic is to dog as wild is to wolf. 动物及其特性的关系。"狗"是"家养的"，"狼"是"野生的"。

dense [dens]

中 adj. 密度大的；稠密的，密集的；不易理解的；愚笨的 英 ① having relatively high density ② crowded closely together ③ difficult to understand because of complexity or obscurity ④ slow to apprehend, thickheaded 同 compact, compressed, crowded, dull, heavy, solid, stupid, thick 【考点精析】Dense is to jungle as crowded is to city. 形容词修饰名词的关系。此关系的判断标准有二，一是要修饰得当，二是意义上有类似之处。"浓密的丛林"相当于"拥挤的城市"；一个是树木很多，一 个是人口很多。

shrill [ʃrɪl]

中 adj. 尖声的；发出尖声的 vt. 尖声说出 vi. 尖叫 英 adj. ① high-pitched and piercing in tone or sound ② producing a sharp, high-pitched tone or sound vt. ③ to utter in a shrill manner; scream vi. ④ to produce a shrill cry or sound 同 pierce, scream, screech

craggy [ˈkrægi]

中 adj. 峭壁多的；陡峭的，崎岖的 英 ① having crags ② rugged and uneven 同 rugged, steep, uneven

vulgar [ˈvʌlgər]

中 adj. 平民的，普通的，大众的；低俗的，粗俗的，粗鲁的；庸俗的， 炫耀的 英 ① of or associated with the great masses of people ② deficient in taste, delicacy, or refinement ③ offensively excessive in self-display or expenditure 同 common, coarse, indecent

tranquil [ˈtræŋkwɪl]

中 adj. 平静的，安宁的，安静的 英 free from commotion or disturbance 同 calm, peaceful, quiet, serene, undisturbed

penal [ˈpiːnl]

中 adj. 应受处罚的，受刑罚的；刑法的，刑事的 英 ① subject to punishment; legally punishable ② serving as or constituting a means or place of punishment

gargantuan [gɑːrˈgæntʃuən]

中 adj. 庞大的，巨大的 英 of immense size, volume, or capacity; gigantic 同 colossal, enormous, gigantic, huge, immense, mammoth, vast

pedigree [ˈpedɪgriː]

中 n. 家系，家谱 英 a line of ancestors, a lineage, a list of ancestors, a family tree

incendiary [ɪnˈsendieri]

中 adj. 引火的；燃烧的；纵火的；煽动的 n. 纵火犯；煽动者 英 adj. ① causing or capable of causing fire ② of or containing chemicals that produce intensely hot fire when exploded ③ of or involving arson ④ tending to inflame; inflammatory n. ⑤ an arsonist ⑥ one who creates or stirs up factionism or sedition; an agitator 同 inflammatory, seditious

puny [ˈpjuːni]

中 adj. 弱小的，微不足道的 英 of inferior size, strength, or significance; weak 同 deficient, inadequate, insufficient, meager, paltry, scanty, scarce, skimpy, slight, sparse, trifling, weak

obligatory [əˈblɪgətɔːri]

中 adj. 强制性的；有义务的；必须的，必修的 英 ① morally or legally constraining, binding ② imposing or recording an obligation ③ of the nature of an obligation, compulsory 同 compulsory, mandatory, required

potent [ˈpoʊtnt]

中 adj. 强有力的；有强效的；有影响力的；有权势的 英 ① possessing inner or physical strength ② exerting or capable of exerting strong physiological or chemical effects ③ exerting or capable of exerting strong influence ④ having great control or authority 同 cogent, effective, powerful

intense [ɪnˈtens]

中 adj. 强烈的，剧烈的；极端的；认真的，紧张的；深刻的，热切的 英 ① possessing or displaying a distinctive feature to an extreme degree ② extreme in degree, strength, or size ③ involving or showing strain or extreme effort ④ deeply felt; profound 同 fierce, profound, vehement, violent

petty [ˈpeti]

中 adj. 微不足道的，琐碎的；见识短浅的；心胸狭隘的；次级的，低微 的 英 ① of small importance, trivial ② marked by narrowness of mind, ideas, or views ③ marked by meanness or lack of generosity, especially in trifling matters ④ secondary in importance or rank, subordinate 同 contemptible, despicable, inferior, low, mean, puny, trivial

tepid [ˈtepɪd]

中 adj. 微温的，温吞的；不热心的，不热烈的 英 ① moderately warm; lukewarm ② lacking in emotional warmth or enthusiasm; halfhearted 同 halfhearted, lukewarm, mild

sane [seɪn]

中 adj. 心智健全的；明智的 英 ① of sound mind; mentally healthy ② having or showing sound judgment; reasonable 同 logical, rational, sensible

disturbed [dɪ ˈstɜːrbd]

中 adj. 心理不正常的 英 showing signs or symptoms of mental or emotional illness

patient [ˈpeɪʃnt]

中 adj. 忍耐的，耐苦的；宽容的，容忍的；坚忍的；耐心的 n. 病人，患 者 英 adj. ① bearing or enduring pain, difficulty, provocation, or annoyance with calmness ② tolerant, understanding ③ persevering, constant ④ capable of calmly awaiting an outcome or a result, not hasty or impulsive n. ⑤ one who receives medical attention, care, or treatment

jovial [ˈdʒoʊviəl]

中 adj. 快活的，愉快的 英 marked by hearty conviviality and good cheer 同 airy, blissful, delightful, elated, euphoric, exultant, gleeful, jovial, joyful, jubilant

rapid [ˈræpɪd]

中 adj. 快的，迅速的 n. 急流，湍流 英 adj. ① moving, acting, or occurring with great speed; swift n. ② (often used in the plural) an extremely fast-moving part of a river, caused by a steep descent in the riverbed 同 expeditious, fast, fleet, hasty, speedy, swift

nostalgic [nɑːˈstældʒɪk]

中 adj. 怀旧的，对往事怀恋的 英 a wistful or excessively sentimental yearning for return to or of some past period or irrecoverable condition; also something that evokes nostalgia

incredulous [ɪnˈkredʒələs]

中 adj. 怀疑的，不轻信的；表示怀疑的 英 ① skeptical; disbelieving ② expressive of disbelief 同 doubtful, dubious, skeptical

hidebound [ˈhaɪdbaʊnd]

中 adj. 思想偏狭的，顽固的；(动物) 皮包骨的 英 ① stubbornly prejudiced, narrow-minded, or inflexible ② having abnormally dry, stiff skin that adheres closely to the underlying flesh, used of domestic animals such as cattle 同 absolute, dogged, dogmatic, mulish, obstinate, opinionated, pigheaded, stubborn

panicky [ˈpænɪki]

中 adj. 恐慌的，惊慌失措的 英 very nervous and anxious

malicious [məˈlɪʃəs]

中 adj. 恶意的 英 having the nature of or resulting from malice; deliberately harmful; spiteful 同 hostile, malign, resenting, spiteful

malignant [məˈlɪgnənt]

中 adj. 恶毒的；非常有害的；致命的 英 ① showing great malevolence; disposed to do evil ② highly injurious; pernicious ③ threatening to life; virulent 同 deadly, fatal, harmfully, injurious, lethal

lugubrious [ləˈguːbriəs]

中 adj. 悲痛的，悲伤的 英 mournful, dismal, or gloomy, especially to an exaggerated or ludicrous degree 同 grieved, mournful, sad, woeful

depressed [dɪ ˈprest]

中 adj. 情绪低落的，沮丧的；心里压抑的；中间下陷的，凹的；下降 的，削弱的；萧条的 英 ① low in spirits, dejected ② suffering from psychological depression ③ sunk below the surrounding region ④ lower in amount, degree, or position ⑤ suffering from social and economic hardship 同 blue, dispirited, down in the mouth, downcast, downhearted, lowspirited

dreary [ˈdrɪri]

中 adj. 情绪低落的，阴郁的；令人生厌的，单调乏味的 英 ① dismal, bleak ② boring, dull同 bleak, cheerless, depressing, discouraging, dismal, dull, gloomy,somber

petrified [ˈpetrɪfaɪd]

中 adj. 惊呆的；石化的 英 ① extremely frightened, especially so frightened that you cannot move or think ② converted into stone 同 aghast, appalled, astonished, astounded, dismayed, fossilized, paralyzed, shocked, startled, stunned

congenial [kənˈdʒiːniəl]

中 adj. 意气相投的；性格温和的，友善的；适合的 英 ① having the same tastes, habits, or temperament ② of a pleasant disposition, friendly and sociable ③ suited to one's needs or nature 同 agreeable, mild

timid [ˈtɪmɪd]

中 adj. 胆小的，羞怯的 英 lacking self-confidence; shy 同 bashful, demure, restrained, retiring, sheepish, shy

dull [dʌl]

中 adj. 愚笨的，迟钝的；钝的；单调的，无趣的 英 ① intellectually weak or obtuse, stupid ② not having a sharp edge or point, blunt ③ arousing no interest or curiosity, boring 同 blunt, boring, dingy, dreary, flat, inactive, slow, sluggish, stupid, uninteresting

fatuous [ˈfætʃuəs]

中 adj. 愚蠢的，愚昧的；虚幻的 英 ① vacuously, smugly, and unconsciously foolish ② delusive

effusive [ɪ ˈfjuːsɪv]

中 adj. 感情流溢的；流出的，喷出的 英 ① marked by the expression of great or excessive emotion or enthusiasm ② characterized or formed by a nonexplosive outpouring of lava 同 emotional, gushing, gushy

sentimental [ˌsentɪ ˈmentl]

中 adj. 感情的；多情的，情绪化的；感情用事的；感伤的 英 ① characterized or swayed by sentiment ② affectedly or extravagantly emotional ③ resulting from or colored by emotion rather than reason or realism ④ appealing to the sentiments, especially to romantic feelings 同 affectionate, emotional, tender

maudlin [ˈmɔːdlɪn]

中 adj. 感情脆弱的 英 effusively or tearfully sentimental 同 delicate, sentimental, vulnerable, weak

grateful [ˈgreɪtfl]

中 adj. 感激的，感谢的；令人舒适的，使人愉快的 英 ① appreciative of benefits received, thankful ② affording pleasure or comfort, agreeable 同 appreciative, obliged, thankful

docile [ˈdɑːsl]

中 adj. 愿意学的，容易教的；听话的，易教导的 英 ① ready and willing to be taught, teachable ② yielding to supervision, direction, or management 同 gentle, mild, obedient, receptive, responsive, tame, willing, yielding

mature [məˈtʊr]

中 adj. 成熟的；充分发育的 vt. 使长成，使成熟 vi. 变成熟，长成 英 adj. ① having reached full natural growth or development; having reached a desired or final condition, ripe ② of, relating to, or characteristic of full development, either mental or physical vt. ③ to bring to full development; ripen vi. ④ to evolve toward or reach full development

straightforward [ˌstreɪtˈfɔːrwərd]

中 adj. 成直线前进的，径直的；坦率的 adv. 径直地；坦率地 英 adj. ① proceeding in a straight course; direct ② not circuitous or evasive; honest and frank adv. ③ in a direct course or an honest manner 同 aboveboard, direct, square

proprietary [prəˈpraɪəteri]

中 adj. 所有人的，业主的；私有的，私人的 n. 业主，所有人 英 adj. ① of or relating to a proprietor or to proprietors as a group; befitting an owner ② exclusively owned; private n. ③ a proprietor

handy [ˈhændi]

中 adj. 手巧的，灵巧的；手边的，现成的；有用的，便利的；易于使用 或操作的 英 ① skillful in using one's hands, manually adroit ② readily accessible ③ useful, convenient ④ easy to use or handle 同 adept, apt, available, convenient, dexterous

iconoclastic [aɪˌkɑːnəˈklæstɪk]

中 adj. 打破旧习的 英 attacking established beliefs and customs

knotty [ˈnɑːti]

中 adj. 打结的；多节的，多瘤的；棘手的，复杂难解的 英 ① tied or snarled in knots ② covered with knots or knobs; gnarled ③ difficult to understand or solve; puzzlingly intricate

refractory [rɪ ˈfræktəri]

中 adj. 执拗的，难以驾驭的；耐高温的；难以治愈的 n. 倔强的人；耐 高温的材料 英 adj. ① obstinately resistant to authority or control ② difficult to melt or work; resistant to heat ③ resistant to treatment n. ④ one that is refractory ⑤ material that has a high melting point 同 absolute, dogged, dogmatic, fractious, hidebound, mulish, obstinate, opinionated, pertinacious, pigheaded, recalcitrant, stubborn; recalcitrant

packed [pækt]

中 adj. 拥挤的，挤满的；被压缩的 英 ① crowded to capacity ② compressed

prompt [prɑːmpt]

中 adj. 按时的，守时的；立刻的，迅速的 vt. 促使，激起；激励，鼓舞 n. 提醒，暗示 英 adj. ① being on time; punctual ② carried out or performed without delay vt. ③ to move to act; spur; incite; give rise to; inspire n. ④ the act of giving a cue 同 apt, quick, ready, incite, inspire, spur

prodigal [ˈprɑːdɪgl]

中 adj. 挥霍的，奢侈的，浪费的；慷慨的 n. 挥霍者 英 adj. ① rashly or wastefully extravagant; marked by rash or wasteful extravagance ② giving or given in abundance; lavish or profuse n. ③ one who is given to wasteful luxury or extravagance 同 extravagant, lavish, luxuriant, profuse, spendthrift, wasteful; spendthrift

exclusive [ɪkˈskluːsɪv]

中 adj. 排他的，除外的；独有的，独占的；(团体等) 排外的；高级的， 时髦的，高价的 英 ① excluding or tending to exclude ② not divided or shared with others ③ excluding some or most, as from membership or participation ④ catering to a wealthy clientele, expensive 同 fashionable, single, sole, stylish

contiguous [kənˈtɪgjuəs]

中 adj. 接触的；毗邻的；连绵不断的；不间断的 英 ① sharing an edge or boundary ② neighboring ③ connecting without a break ④ connected in time 同 abutting, adjacent, adjoining, conterminous, joined, neighboring 【考点精析】Contiguous is to separate as joined is to apart. 横向反义关 系，纵向同义关系。contiguous 和joined 都有"临近的，接近的"的意 思，separate 和apart 都有"分开的"的意思。

episodic [ˌepɪ ˈsɑːdɪk]

中 adj. 插曲似的；短暂的 英 ① relating to or resembling an episode ② limited to the duration of an episode, temporary 同 occasional, temporary

willful [ˈwɪlfʊl]

中 adj. 故意的；固执的 英 ① said or done on purpose; deliberate ② obstinately bent on having one's own way 同 unruly

intended [ɪnˈtendɪd]

中 adj. 故意的；预期的，未来的 英 ① deliberate; intentional ② prospective; future 同 deliberate, intentional, predictive, prospective

feisty [ˈfaɪsti]

中 adj. 易怒的，好争吵的；精力充沛的，活跃的 英 ① touchy, quarrelsome ② full of spirit or pluck, frisky or spunky 同 energetic, enthusiastic, fiery, inflammable, quarrelsome, robust, vigorous, vivacious

hostile [ˈhɑːstl]

中 adj. 敌方的，敌人的；敌对的，敌意的 n. 敌对者，敌对物 英 adj. ① of, relating to, or characteristic of an enemy ② feeling or showing enmity or ill will, antagonistic n. ③ an antagonistic person or thing 同 adverse, malicious, resentful, spiteful

incisive [ɪnˈsaɪsɪv]

中 adj. 敏锐的，尖刻的 英 penetrating, clear, and sharp, as in operation or expression 同 acute, astute, brilliant, clever, discerning, ingenious, inspired, imaginative, keen, penetrating, perceptive, resourceful, shrewd

fetid [ˈfetɪd]

中 adj. 散发出恶臭的 英 having an offensive odor

illiterate [ɪ ˈlɪtərət]

中 adj. 文盲的，受教育不够的；语文差错多的；无知的，知识浅陋的 英 ① unable to read and write, having little or no formal education ② marked by inferiority to an expected standard of familiarity with language and literature, violating prescribed standards of speech or writing ③ ignorant of the fundamentals of a given art or branch of knowledge 同 ignorant

spartan [ˈspɑːrtn]

中 adj. 斯巴达的，斯巴达人的；严于律己的 n. 斯巴达居民 英 adj. ① of or relating to Sparta or its people ② rigorously selfdisciplined or self-restrained n. ③ a citizen of Sparta

ubiquitous [juːˈbɪkwɪtəs]

中 adj. 无处不在的 英 being or seeming to be everywhere at the same time 同 omnipresent

innocuous [ɪ ˈnɑːkjuəs]

中 adj. 无害的；平淡无味的 英 ① having no adverse effect; harmless ② not likely to offend or provoke to strong emotion; insipid 同 banal, harmless, insipid, ordinary, plain

fickle [ˈfɪkl]

中 adj. 无常的，易变的 英 characterized by erratic changeableness or instability, especially with regard to affections or attachments; capricious 同 inconstant

ruthless [ˈruːθləs]

中 adj. 无情的，残忍的 英 having no compassion or pity; merciless 同 brutal, cold, heartless, inhumane, merciless, savage Ordinary people merely think how they shall spend their time; a man of talent tries to use it. 普通人只想到如何度过时间，有才能的人设法利用时间。 ——德国哲学家叔本华(Arthur Schopenhauer, German philosopher) LIST 24 MP3-24

grim [grɪm]

中 adj. 无情的，残忍的；阴森的，令人生畏的；可怕的；阴沉的 英 ① unrelenting ② uninviting or unnerving in aspect, forbidding ③ ghastly ④ dismal; gloomy 同 gloomy, savage, somber

relentless [rɪ ˈlentləs]

中 adj. 无情的；持续不断的，不松懈的 英 ① unyielding in severity or strictness; unrelenting ② steady and persistent; unremitting 同 cruel, firm, harsh, heartless, inflexible, merciless, rigid, ruthless, uncompromising, unrelenting, unyielding

inane [ɪ ˈneɪn]

中 adj. 无意义的，空洞的，愚蠢的 英 lacking sense or substance; empty 同 asinine, fatuous, futile, invalid, mindless, vacuous

imperceptible [ˌɪmpərˈseptəbl]

中 adj. 无法察觉的；不知不觉的，极细微的 英 ① impossible or difficult to perceive by the mind or senses ② so subtle, slight, or gradual as to be barely perceptible 同 slight, subtle, unclear, vague

inanimate [ɪnˈænɪmət]

中 adj. 无生命的；无活力的，单调的 英 ① not having the qualities associated with active, living organisms; not animate ② not animated or energetic; dull 同 dull, inactive

futile [ˈfjuːtl]

中 adj. 无用的；微不足道的 英 ① having no useful result ② trifling and frivolous, idle 同 ineffective, invalid, null, zero value

spiritless [ˈspɪrɪtləs]

中 adj. 无精打采的 英 lacking energy or enthusiasm; listless. 同 dormant, inactive, inert, lax, listless, passive, sluggish

conspicuous [kənˈspɪkjuəs]

中 adj. 明显的；惹人注目的，出色的 英 ① easy to notice, obvious ② attracting attention, as by being unusual or remarkable 同 flamboyant, flashy, ostentatious, pompous, showy

judicious [dʒuˈdɪʃəs]

中 adj. 明智的，审慎的 英 having or exhibiting sound judgment; prudent 同 prudent, wise

somber [ˈsɑːmbər]

中 adj. 昏暗的，阴沉的；(颜色) 灰暗的；阴郁的，忧郁的 英 ① dark; gloomy ② dull or dark in color ③ melancholy; dismal 同 dark, dim, dismal, gloomy, murky, obscure, sullen

murky [ˈmɜːrki]

中 adj. 昏暗的；烟雾弥漫的；浑浊的 英 ① dark, dim, or gloomy ② heavy and thick with smoke, mist, or fog; hazy ③ darkened or clouded with sediment 同 dim, gloomy, obscure, somber, sullen

lethargic [ləˈθɑːrdʒɪk]

中 adj. 昏睡的，没精打采的 英 of, causing, or characterized by lethargy 同 dormant, inactive, inert, lax, lifeless, sluggish 【考点精析】Brazen is to tact as lethargic is to energy."缺乏"关系。"厚 颜无耻的"就是缺乏"机智得体"，"嗜睡的，无精打采的"就是缺 乏"能量"。

gullible [ˈgʌləbl]

中 adj. 易上当受骗的 英 easily deceived or duped 同 credulous, deceived, duped

supple [ˈsʌpl]

中 adj. 易弯曲的，柔韧的；轻快的，灵活的；顺从的，易屈服的 v. (使) 变柔顺；(使) 顺从 英 adj. ① readily bent; pliant ② moving and bending with agility; limber ③ yielding or changing readily; compliant or adaptable v. ④ to make or become supple 同 compliant, flexible, limber, malleable, pliant

pliable [ˈplaɪəbl]

中 adj. 易弯的；能适应的；易受影响的 英 ① easily bent or shaped ② receptive to change, adaptable ③ easily influenced, persuaded, or swayed; tractable 同 malleable, plastic

fussy [ˈfʌsi]

中 adj. 易怒的，大惊小怪的；(服饰等) 过分装饰的；挑剔的，难以取 悦的 英 ① easily upset, given to bouts of ill temper ② paying great or excessive attention to personal tastes and appearance, fastidious ③ calling for or requiring great attention to sometimes trivial details 同 choosy, fastidious, irritable, picky

inflammable [ɪnˈflæməbl]

中 adj. 易燃的；易怒的，易激动的 英 ① easily ignited and capable of burning rapidly; flammable ② quickly or easily aroused to strong emotion; excitable 同 ignited, irascible

showy [ˈʃoʊi]

中 adj. 显眼的，引人注目的；炫耀的，卖弄的；浮华的 英 ① making an imposing or aesthetically pleasing display; striking ② displaying brilliance and virtuosity of ability or performance ③ marked by or prone to ostentatious, often tasteless display; flashy 同 flashy, ostentatious, striking

seasick [ˈsiːsɪk]

中 adj. 晕船的 英 feeling ill when you travel in a boat, because of the movement of the boat in the water

mediocre [ˌmiːdi ˈoʊkər]

中 adj. 普通的 英 moderate to inferior in quality; ordinary 同 common, ordinary, plain, prosaic

lackluster [ˈlæklʌstər]

中 adj. 暗淡的 英 lacking brightness, luster, or vitality; dull 同 dim

tempestuous [temˈpestʃuəs]

中 adj. 暴风雨般的，暴风雪般的；剧烈的，狂暴的 英 of, relating to, or resembling a tempest 同 tumultuous, stormy

original [əˈrɪdʒənl]

中 adj. 最早的，起初的；原创的；有创意的，新颖的 n. 原型；真品 英 adj. ① preceding all others in time, first ② not derived from something else ③ productive of new things or new ideas, inventive n. ④ a first form from which other forms are made or developed ⑤ an authentic work of art 同 initial, inventive, new; beginning

principal [ˈprɪnsəpl]

中 adj. 最重要的，首要的 n. 首长，负责人；(尤指) 中小学校长 英 adj. ① first, highest, or foremost in importance, rank, worth, or degree; chief n. ② one who holds a position of presiding rank, especially the head of an elementary school or high school 同 chief, dominant, essential, foremost, prominent

supreme [suːˈpriːm]

中 adj. 最高的，至高无上的；最重要的，(程度、成绩等) 最大的；极 度的，终极的 英 ① greatest in power, authority, or rank; paramount or dominant ② greatest in importance, degree, significance, character, or achievement ③ ultimate; final 同 dominant, foremost, maximum, paramount, uppermost, ultimate, utmost

incumbent [ɪnˈkʌmbənt]

中 adj. 有义务的；压在上面的，倚靠的；在职的 n. 任职者 英 adj. ① imposed as an obligation or a duty; obligatory ② lying, leaning, or resting on something else ③currently holding a specified office n. ④ a person who holds an office or ecclesiastical benefice 同 responsible, obligatory

controversial [ˌkɑːntrəˈvɜːrʃl]

中 adj. 有争议的；爱争论的 英 ① of, producing, or marked by controversy ② fond of controversy 同 arguing, debating

lustrous [ˈlʌstrəs]

中 adj. 有光泽的；光辉的，光芒四射的 英 ① having a sheen or glow ② gleaming with or as if with brilliant light; radiant 同 burnished, glistening, glossy, sheeny, shining, shiny

distinct [dɪ ˈstɪŋkt]

中 adj. 有区别的，截然不同的；明显的，清楚的；确定无误的 英 ① readily distinguishable from all others ② easily perceived by the senses or intellect ③ clearly defined, unquestionable 同 clear, clear-cut, definite, different, dissimilar, diverse, exact,obvious, plain, precise, separate, unmistakable

influential [ˌɪnfluˈenʃl]

中 adj. 有影响力的 n. 有影响力的人物 英 adj. ① having or exercising influence n. ② one that is of considerable importance or influence

significant [sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt]

中 adj. 有意义的；意味深长的；重大的；数量可观的 英 ① having or expressing a meaning; meaningful ② having or expressing a covert meaning; suggestive ③ having or likely to have a major effect; important ④ fairly large in amount or quantity 同 important, meaningful, suggestive

poisonous [ˈpɔɪzənəs]

中 adj. 有毒的；含毒药的；恶毒的，邪恶的 英 ① having the capability of harming or killing by or as if by poison ② containing a poison ③ marked by apparent ill will 同 toxic, venomous

lively [ˈlaɪvli]

中 adj. 有活力的；欢快的；热烈的；鼓舞人心的 adv. 轻快地 英 adj. ① full of life and energy, vigorous ② full of spirit, gay and animated ③ marked by animated intelligence ④ invigorating, refreshing adv. ⑤ with energy or vigor; briskly

morbid [ˈmɔːrbɪd]

中 adj. 有病的，疾病的；病态的；不健康的，不正常的；令人毛骨悚然 的 英 ① of, relating to, or caused by disease; pathological or diseased ② psychologically unhealthy or unwholesome ③ characterized by preoccupation with unwholesome thoughts or feelings ④ gruesome; grisly 同 appalling, awful, dreadful, ghastly, grisly, gruesome

deficient [dɪ ˈfɪʃnt]

中 adj. 有缺点的；缺乏的 英 ① lacking an essential quality or element ② inadequate in amount or degree 同 inadequate, insufficient, lack, meager, scanty, scarce, short, skimpy,sparse

sober [ˈsoʊbər]

中 adj. 有节制的；未醉的，清醒的 v. (使) 变清醒 英 adj. ① habitually abstemious in the use of alcoholic liquors or drugs; temperate ② not intoxicated or affected by the use of drugs v. ③ to make or become sober 同 calm, mild, moderate, reasonable, sensible, temperate

historic [hɪ ˈstɔːrɪk]

中 adj. 有重要历史意义的，有历史影响的；历史的，历史上的 英 ① having importance in or influence on history ② historical

obedient [əˈbiːdiənt]

中 adj. 服从的，顺从的 英 dutifully complying with the commands, orders, or instructions of one in authority 同 amenable, docile, receptive, tame, tractable, yielding

unaware [ˌʌnəˈwer]

中 adj. 未意识到的 英 not aware or cognizant 同 ignorant, unconscious, unmindful

unkempt [ˌʌnˈkempt]

中 adj. 未梳理的，蓬乱的；没教养的，粗鲁的 英 ① not combed ② unpolished 同 rough, unpolished

inadvertent [ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtənt]

中 adj. 未留心的；疏忽造成的 英 ① not duly attentive ② marked by unintentional lack of care 同 inattentive, negligent, unintentional

untold [ˌʌnˈtoʊld]

中 adj. 未说出的，未泄露的；难以描述的，举不胜举的 英 ① not told or revealed ② beyond description or enumeration 同 secret, incalculable

immature [ˌɪməˈtʃʊr]

中 adj. 未长成的，未充分发展的；不成熟的，幼稚的 英 ① not fully grown or developed ② marked by or suggesting a lack of normal maturity 同 premature

essential [ɪ ˈsenʃl]

中 adj. 本质的；基本的，必需的 n. 基本要素；必需品 英 adj. ① constituting or being part of the essence of something ② basic or indispensable n. ③ something fundamental ④ something necessary or indispensable 同 cardinal, fundamental, vital estimate 中 [ˈestɪmeɪt]/ [ˈestɪmət] vt./ n. 估计，估量；评论，判断 英 vt. ① to calculate approximately (the amount, extent, magnitude, position, or value of something) ② to form an opinion about n. ③ the act of evaluating or appraising ④ a judgment based on one's impressions 同 assess, appraise, rate, value

shrewd [ʃruːd]

中 adj. 机敏的，精明的；奸诈的，狡猾的；强烈的 (风)，刺骨的 (风) 英 ① characterized by keen awareness, sharp intelligence, and often a sense of the practical ② disposed to artful and cunning practices; tricky ③ sharp; penetrating 同 acute, astute, brilliant, clever, crafty, cunning, discerning, ingenious, inspired, keen, resourceful, sly, wily

desultory [ˈdesəltɔːri]

中 adj. 杂乱的，不连贯的；偶然出现的 英 ① moving or jumping from one thing to another, disconnected ②occurring haphazardly, random 同 disordered, unmethodical, unplanned

humongous [hjuːˈmʌŋgəs]

中 adj. 极大的，奇大无比的 英 extremely large, enormous 同 enormous, gigantic, huge, immense, mammoth, vast

immense [ɪ ˈmens]

中 adj. 极大的，巨大的；浩瀚的 英 ① extremely large, huge ② of boundless or immeasurable size or extent 同 boundless, colossal, gigantic, huge

fatigued [fəˈtiːgd]

中 adj. 极度疲劳的 英 extremely tired 同 exhausted, strained, tired, tiresome, weary

destitute [ˈdestɪtuːt]

中 adj. 极度缺乏的；穷困的，贫困的 英 ① utterly lacking, devoid ② lacking resources or the means of subsistence, completely impoverished 同 bankrupt, down-and-out, penniless, poor 【考点精析】Destitute is to money as confident is to doubt."缺乏"关系。"贫穷的"就是缺乏"钱"，"有信心的"就是缺乏"怀疑"。

totalitarian [toʊˌtæləˈteriən]

中 adj. 极权主义的 n. 极权主义者 英 adj. ① of, relating to, being, or imposing a form of government in which the political authority exercises absolute and centralized control over all aspects of life, the individual is subordinated to the state, and opposing political and cultural expression is suppressed n. ② a practitioner or supporter of such a government

obese [oʊˈbiːs]

中 adj. 极胖的 英 extremely fat, grossly overweight 同 corpulent, fat, portly

ravenous [ˈrævənəs]

中 adj. 极饿的；劫掠的；贪婪的 英 ① extremely hungry; voracious ② rapacious; predatory ③ greedy for gratification 同 edacious, esurient, predatory, raptorial, ravening, voracious, vulturine, vulturous, wolfish 【考点精析】Hungry is to ravenous as communicative is to garrulous. 程 度关系。后者比前者程度更深。"饥饿的"与"极度饥饿的"，"健谈 的"与"唠叨的"。

conceptual [kənˈseptʃuəl]

中 adj. 概念的 英 of, consisting of, or relating to concepts or conception

summary [ˈsʌməri]

中 adj. 概括的，总结的，概要的，简明的；即刻的，从速从简的 n. 概 要 英 adj. ① presenting the substance in a condensed form; concise ② performed speedily and without ceremony n. ③ a presentation of the substance of a body of material in a condensed form or by reducing it to its main points; an abstract

subordinate [səˈbɔːrdɪnət]

中 adj. 次要的，级别低的，第二等级的；隶属的，从属的 n. 部属，下 级 vt. 把...置于次要地位；使服从 英 adj. ① belonging to a lower or inferior class or rank; secondary ② subject to the authority or control of another n. ③ one that is subordinate vt. ④ to put in a lower or inferior rank or class ⑤ to make subservient; subdue 同 dependent, inferior, secondary; subdue

festive [ˈfestɪv]

中 adj. 欢宴的，节日的；欢乐的，快乐的 英 ① of, relating to, or appropriate for a feast or festival ② merry, joyous 同 airy, blissful, delightful, elated, euphoric, exultant, gleeful, jovial, joyful, jubilant

hysterical [hɪ ˈsterɪkl]

中 adj. 歇斯底里的 英 of, characterized by, or arising from hysteria 同 delirious, frantic, frenzied, uncontrollable

posthumous [ˈpɑːstʃəməs]

中 adj. 死后的；死后出版的；遗腹子的 英 ① occurring or continuing after one's death ② published after the writer's death ③ born after the death of the father

residual [rɪ ˈzɪdʒuəl]

中 adj. 残留物的；残留的，剩余的 n. 剩余额 英 adj. ① of, relating to, or characteristic of a residue ② remaining as a residue n. ③ the quantity left over at the end of a process; a remainder 同 leftover

permanent [ˈpɜːrmənənt]

中 adj. 永久的，永恒的；不变的，固定的 n. 烫头 英 adj. ① lasting or remaining without essential change ② not expected to change in status, condition, or place n. ③ a long-lasting hair wave produced by applying a chemical lotion to the hair while wet, winding the hair on rollers, and drying it with heat 同 durable, remaining, stable

perpetual [pərˈpetʃuəl]

中 adj. 永远的；长期的，长久的；永久有效的；不间断的 英 ① lasting for eternity ② continuing or lasting for an indefinitely long time ③ instituted to be in effect or have tenure for an unlimited duration ④ continuing without interruption 同 durable, lasting, permanent, stable

pensive [ˈpensɪv]

中 adj. 沉思的，冥想的；忧郁的 英 ① deeply, often wistfully or dreamily thoughtful ② suggestive or expressive of melancholy thoughtfulness 同 contemplative, meditative, thoughtful

warrior [ˈwɔːriər]

中 n. 武士，战士，斗士，勇士 英 one who is engaged in or experienced in battle

taciturn [ˈtæsɪtɜːrn]

中 adj. 沉默寡言的，不苟言笑的，缄默不语的 英 habitually untalkative 同 silent, reticent 【考点精析】Taciturn is to words as thrifty is to money."缺乏"关 系。"沉默的"人不说"话"，"节俭的"人缺"钱"花。

reticent [ˈretɪsnt]

中 adj. 沉默寡言的；有节制的；不情愿的 英 ① inclined to keep one's thoughts, feelings, and personal affairs to oneself ② restrained or reserved in style ③ reluctant; unwilling 同 reluctant, silent, taciturn, unwilling

indecent [ɪnˈdiːsnt]

中 adj. 没品味的，不得体的；无礼的，粗鄙的 英 ① offensive to good taste; unseemly ② offensive to public moral values; immodest 同 immodest, inappropriate, unseemly

unfounded [ʌnˈfaʊndɪd]

中 adj. 没有事实根据的，没有理由的；尚未建立的 英 ① not based on fact or sound evidence ② not yet established 同 baseless, groundless, idle, unwarranted

insipid [ɪnˈsɪpɪd]

中 adj. 没有味道的，清淡的；枯燥无味的，无趣的 英 ① lacking flavor or zest; not tasty ② lacking excitement, stimulation, or interest; dull 同 banal, dull, normal, ordinary, plain 【考点精析】Banal is to conversation as insipid is to food. 形容词修饰 名词。平淡无聊的谈话，平淡无味的食物。

vain [veɪn]

中 adj. 没有结果的；无价值的；自负的 英 ① not yielding the desired outcome ② lacking substance or worth ③ excessively proud of one's appearance or accomplishments 同 empty, hollow, idle, otiose

despondent [dɪ ˈspɑːndənt]

中 adj. 沮丧的，垂头丧气的 英 feeling or expressing despondency 同 dejected, depressed, despairing, discouraged, downcast,downhearted, hopeless

therapeutic [ˌθerəˈpjuːtɪk]

中 adj. 治疗的，有疗效的 英 having or exhibiting healing powers

incompetent [ɪnˈkɑːmpɪtənt]

中 adj. 法律上无资格的；无能力的，不适合的；无行为能力的 n. 无 能力者 英 adj. ① not qualified in legal terms ② inadequate for or unsuited to a particular purpose or application ③ devoid of those qualities requisite for effective conduct or action n. ④ an incompetent person 同 impotent, improper, unqualified, unsuited

immaculate [ɪ ˈmækjələt]

中 adj. 洁净的，没有污点的；无瑕疵的，完美的；无过失的 英 ① impeccably clean, spotless ② free from stain or blemish, pure ③ free from fault or error 同 clean, pristine, spotless, stainless

hyperactive [ˌhaɪpərˈæktɪv]

中 adj. 活动过度的 英 highly or excessively active

fluid [ˈfluːɪd]

中 adj. 流动的，流体的；易被重塑的；不固定的，变化的 英 ① of, relating to, or characteristic of a fluid ② readily reshaped, pliable ③ changing or tending to change; variableflowing

prevalent [ˈprevələnt]

中 adj. 流行的，盛行的 英 widely or commonly occurring, existing, accepted, or practiced 同 common, in air, popular, prevailing

grizzly [ˈgrɪzli]

中 adj. 浅灰的，有灰斑点的 英 grayish or flecked with gray

drab [dræb]

中 adj. 浅褐色的；单调的，无趣的 英 ① of a dull light brown ② dull or commonplace in character 同 dull, flat, lifeless, unattractive

profound [prəˈfaʊnd]

中 adj. 深的；深奥的，造诣深的；深远的，深度的；深刻的；绝对的， 完全的 英 ① situated at, extending to, or coming from a great depth; deep ② coming as if from the depths of one's being ③ thoroughgoing; farreaching ④ penetrating beyond what is superficial or obvious ⑤ unqualified; absolute 同 absolute, deep, far-reaching, intense, thoroughgoing, unqualified

plain [pleɪn]

中 adj. 清晰的，明白的；简单的，简朴的；直截了当的，坦率的；普通 的，平凡的 n. 平原 英 adj. ① obvious to the mind, evident ② not elaborate or complicated, simple ③ straightforward, frank or candid ④ common in rank or station, average, ordinary n. ⑤ an extensive, level, usually treeless area of land 同 banal, colorless, commonplace, drab, humdrum, mundane, ordinary, trite, undistinguished, unexceptional, unimaginative, uninspired, unremarkable

precise [prɪ ˈsaɪs]

中 adj. 清晰的，确切的；精确的，正确的；恰好的；正统的 英 ① clearly expressed or delineated; definite ② exact, as in performance, execution, or amount; accurate or correct ③ strictly distinguished from others; very ④ conforming strictly to rule or proper form 同 absolute, accurate, explicit, meticulous, strict

meek [miːk]

中 adj. 温和的；柔顺的 英 ① showing patience and humility; gentle ② easily imposed on; submissive 同 compliant, docile, submissive, unassertive

lukewarm [ˌluːkˈwɔːrm]

中 adj. 温暖适度的；漠然的 英 ① mildly warm; tepid ② lacking conviction or enthusiasm, indifferent 同 apathetic, indifferent, nonchalant

irreligious [ˌɪrɪ ˈlɪdʒəs]

中 adj. 漠视宗教的，不敬神的 英 hostile or indifferent to religion; ungodly

dank [dæŋk]

中 adj. 潮湿的，阴湿的 英 disagreeably damp or humid 同 damp, humid, moist, muggy, wet

moist [mɔɪst]

中 adj. 潮湿的；含泪的，泪汪汪的 英 ① slightly wet, damp or humid ② tearful 同 damp, humid, muggy, wet

igneous [ˈɪgniəs]

中 adj. 火的，与火有关的，具有火的特点的；(岩石) 火成的；火成岩 的，熔灰岩的 英 ① of, relating to, or characteristic of fire ② formed by solidification from a molten state, used of rocks ③ of or relating to rock so formed, pyrogenic 【考点精析】Igneous is to rock as watercolor is to painting. 形容词和名 词的修饰关系。火成的岩石，水印的画。 【知识拓展】火成岩又称岩浆岩，是指岩浆冷却后(地壳里喷出的岩 浆，或者被融化的现存岩石)成形的一种岩石。现在已经发现700 多 种岩浆岩，大部分是位于地壳里面的岩石。常见的岩浆岩有花岗 岩、安山岩及玄武岩等。一般来说，岩浆岩易出现于板块交界地带 的火山区。

fiery [ˈfaɪəri]

中 adj. 火的，火焰的；燃烧的；易点燃的；易怒的 英 ① consisting of or containing fire ② burning or glowing ③ easily ignited, flammable ④ easily excited or emotionally volatile, tempestuous 同 flammable, glowing, volatile

gray [greɪ]

中 adj. 灰色的；昏暗的，黑暗的；不快乐的，阴郁的 n. 灰色 英 adj. ① of or relating to an achromatic color of any lightness between the extremes of black and white ② dull or dark ③ lacking in cheer, gloomy n. ④ an achromatic color of any lightness between the extremes of black and white

nimble [ˈnɪmbl]

中 adj. 灵敏的，敏捷的；聪明的，机敏的 英 ① quick, light, or agile in movement or action; deft ② quick, clever, and acute in devising or understanding 同 adroit, agile, dexterous, flexible, limber, malleable, skillful, supple

ostentatious [ˌɑːstenˈteɪʃəs]

中 adj. 炫耀的，卖弄的 英 characterized by or given to ostentation, pretentious 同 conspicuous, flamboyant, flashy, pompous, showy

tropical [ˈtrɑːpɪkl]

中 adj. 热带的；炎热的，潮热的 n. 热带植物 英 adj. ① of, occurring in, or characteristic of the Tropics ② hot and humid n. ③ a tropical plant

hearty [ˈhɑːrti]

中 adj. 热心的，热诚的；全力的，彻底的；健壮的，充满活力的；胃口 好的；(饭菜) 丰盛的 英 ① expressed warmly, exuberantly, and unrestrainedly ② complete or thorough, unequivocal ③ vigorous, robust ④ enjoying or requiring much food ⑤ substantial 同 cordial, lusty, substantial, robust, vigorous

fervid [ˈfɜːrvɪd]

中 adj. 热情的，热诚的；炽热的 英 ① marked by great passion or zeal ② extremely hot 同 ardent, devoted, eager, enthusiastic, fanatical, fervent, intense, passionate, vehement, zealous

reptilian [repˈtɪliən]

中 adj. 爬行动物的；像爬行动物的 英 ① of or relating to reptiles ② resembling or characteristic of a reptile

critical [ˈkrɪtɪkl]

中 adj. 爱挑剔的；评论的；批评的；重要的，关键性的；严重的；临界的 英 ① inclined to judge severely and find fault ② characterized by careful, exact evaluation and judgment ③ of, relating to, or characteristic of critics or criticism ④ forming or having the nature of a turning point, crucial or decisive ⑤ being or relating to a grave physical condition especially of a patient ⑥ of or relating to a point at which a curve has a maximum, minimum, or point of inflection 同 choosy, picky, severe, vital

meddlesome [ˈmedlsəm]

中 adj. 爱管闲事的 英 inclined to meddle or interfere

substantial [səbˈstænʃl]

中 adj. 物质的；真实的；结实的；丰盛的；重要的，价值重大的，大量 的；富裕的 n. 实质性的东西；结实的东西 英 adj. ① of, relating to, or having substance; material ② true or real; not imaginary ③ solidly built; strong ④ ample; sustaining ⑤ considerable in importance, value, degree, amount, or extent ⑥ possessing wealth or property; well-to-do n. ⑦ (often used in the plural) an essential ⑧ (often used in the plural) a solid thing 同 actual, affluent, ample, authentic, prosperous, stable, strong, wealthy

ecstatic [ɪkˈstætɪk]

中 adj. 狂喜的，欣喜若狂的 英 being in a state of ecstasy, joyful or enraptured 同 enraptured, joyful, rapt, rapturous 【考点精析】Ecstatic is to happy as hilarious is to funny. 程度关系。这组程度关系中的词在SSAT 中很常见，是SSAT 必备词汇。"欣喜若狂的"比"高兴的"程度深，"特别滑稽的"比"滑稽的"程度深。

enraged [ɪnˈreɪdʒd]

中 adj. 狂怒的 英 being put into an extreme rage 同 exasperated, fret, furious, incensed, infuriated, irritated, outraged, provoked, vexed, wrathful

crafty [ˈkræfti]

中 adj. 狡猾的 英 skilled in or marked by underhandedness, deviousness, or deception 同 cunning, shrewd, sly, wily

cunning [ˈkʌnɪŋ]

中 adj. 狡猾的，狡诈的；灵巧的，熟练的；精巧的，精致可人的 n. 诡 计，狡诈；灵巧，熟练 英 adj. ① marked by or given to artful subtlety and deceptiveness ② executed with or exhibiting ingenuity ③ delicately pleasing, pretty or cute n. ④ skill in deception ⑤ skill or adeptness in execution or performance 同 acute, astute, brilliant, clever, crafty, ingenious, inspired, shrewd, sly, wily 【考点精析】Wily is to cunning as aggressive is to combative. 同义关系。

wily [ˈwaɪli]

中 adj. 狡猾的，诡计多端的 英 full of wiles 同 crafty, cunning, shrewd, sly 【考点精析】Wily is to cunning as aggressive is to combative. 同义关 系。

ribald [ˈrɪbld]

中 adj. 猥亵的，开下流玩笑的 n. 猥亵的人，开下流玩笑的人 英 adj. ① characterized by or indulging in vulgar, lewd humor n. ② a vulgar, lewdly funny person 同 lewdly, obscene, vulgar

rosy [ˈroʊzi]

中 adj. 玫瑰色的；(脸色等) 红润的；玫瑰的，由玫瑰组成的，饰以玫 瑰的；美好的，光明的，乐观的 英 ① having the characteristic pink or red color of a rose ② flushed with a healthy glow ③ consisting of, decorated with, or suggestive of a rose or roses ④ bright or cheerful; optimistic

trivial [ˈtrɪviəl]

中 adj. 琐碎的，不重要的；普通的 英 ① of little significance or value ② ordinary 同 minute, paltry, petty, picayune, trifling

innate [ɪ ˈneɪt]

中 adj. 生来的；特有的，固有的；内在的，直觉的 英 ① possessed at birth; inborn ② possessed as an essential characteristic; inherent ③ of or produced by the mind rather than learned through experience 同 inborn, inbred, instinct

stark [stɑːrk]

中 adj. 生硬的；完全的，极端的；严酷的 adv. 完全，十足 英 adj. ① bare; blunt ② complete or utter; extreme ③ harsh; grim adv. ④ utterly; entirely 同 absolute, complete, downright, outright, whole

weary [ˈwɪri]

中 adj. 疲倦的，疲劳的；厌倦的，不耐烦的 英 ① physically or mentally fatigued ② expressive of or prompted by fatigue ③ having one's interest, forbearance, or indulgence worn out 同 exhausted, fatigued, tired, tiresome

slender [ˈslendər]

中 adj. 瘦长的，细长的；纤细的，苗条的；微弱的，微薄的，不足的 英 ① having little width in proportion to height or length; long and thin ② thin and delicate in build; gracefully slim ③ small in amount or extent; meager 同 meager, slim, thin

forthright [ˈfɔːrθraɪt]

中 adj. 直截了当的 adv. 径直地；直率地 英 adj. ① direct and without evasion, straightforward adv. ② directly ahead ③ directly and frankly 同 incisive, straight

explicit [ɪkˈsplɪsɪt]

中 adj. 直率的，不含糊的；清楚明白的；显而易见的 英 ① fully and clearly expressed leaving nothing implied ② fully and clearly defined or formulated ③ readily observable 同 definite, express, specific 【考点精析】Explicit is to vague as necessary is to redundant. 反义关 系。"清楚明白的"与"模糊不清的"构成反义词，"必要的"与"冗余 的"构成反义词。

relevant [ˈreləvənt]

中 adj. 相关的 英 having a bearing on or connection with the matter at hand 同 germane, material, pertinent

sizeable [ˈsaɪzəbl]

中 adj. 相当大的 英 of considerable size; fairly large 同 colossal, enormous, gigantic, huge, immense, mammoth, tremendous

plausible [ˈplɔːzəbl]

中 adj. 看似真实的，看似有道理的；貌似可信的，花言巧语的 英 ① seemingly or apparently valid, likely, or acceptable; credible ② giving a deceptive impression of truth, acceptability, or reliability; specious 同 credible

visible [ˈvɪzəbl]

中 adj. 看得见的，可见的；明显的，显然的；常引起公众注目的 英 ① possible to see ② obvious to the eye ③ being often in the public view 同 apparent, clear, evident, noticeable, obvious, plain

visual [ˈvɪʒuəl]

中 adj. 看得见的，可见的；视力的，视觉的 英 ① seen or able to be seen by the eye ② of or relating to the sense of sight

enamored [ɪ ˈnæmərd]

中 adj. 着迷的，迷恋的 英 fond of or delighted by something 同 enchanted, fascinated 【考点精析】Enamored is to interested as meticulous is to careful. 程度 关系。"着迷的"对"感兴趣的"相当于"一丝不苟的"对"仔细的"。

transitory [ˈtrænsətɔːri]

中 adj. 短暂的，暂时的，转瞬即逝的 英 existing or lasting only a short time; short-lived or temporary 同 ephemeral, fugacious, passing, transient

disruptive [dɪsˈrʌptɪv]

中 adj. 破裂的，分裂性的 英 relating to, causing, or produced by disruption

confident [ˈkɑːnfɪdənt]

中 adj. 确信的；有信心的，自信的；自负的，大胆的 英 ① marked by assurance, as of success ② marked by confidence in oneself; self-assured ③ very bold** 同 believing, certain, convinced, sure 【考点精析】Assured is to confident as watchful is to vigilant. 同义关系。

magnetic [mægˈnetɪk]

中 adj. 磁的；能被磁体吸引的；地磁的；有魅力的 英 ① of or relating to magnetism or magnets ② capable of being magnetized or attracted by a magnet ③ relating to the magnetic poles of the earth ④ having an unusual power or ability to attract 同 charming, enchanting, fascinating

providential [ˌprɑːvɪ ˈdenʃl]

中 adj. 神的意旨的，根据神意的 英 of or resulting from divine providence

esoteric [ˌesəˈterɪk]

中 adj. 秘传的；小范围内的；秘密的 英 ① intended for or understood by only a particular group ② of or relating to that which is known by a restricted number of people ③ not publicly disclosed 同 clandestine, confidential, private

confidential [ˌkɑːnfɪ ˈdenʃl]

中 adj. 秘密的；可信任的；亲密的；机密的 英 ① done or communicated in confidence ② entrusted with the confidence of another ③ denoting confidence or intimacy ④containing secret information, the unauthorized disclosure of which poses a threat to national security 同 clandestine, classified, covert, secret

sparse [spɑːrs]

中 adj. 稀疏的 英 occurring, growing, or settled at widely spaced intervals; not thick or dense 同 deficient, inadequate, insufficient, lack, meager, scanty, scarce, short, skimpy

stable [ˈsteɪbl]

中 adj. 稳定的，稳固的；保持平衡的；不变的，耐久的；稳定可靠的 n. 马厩 vt. 圈养，使入厩 vi. 被圈养，入厩 英 adj. ① resistant to change of position or condition; steadfast ② maintaining equilibrium; self-restoring ③ immutable; permanent; enduring ④ consistently dependable n. ⑤ a building for the shelter and feeding of domestic animals, especially horses and cattle vt. ⑥ to put or keep in or as if in a stable vi. ⑦ to live in or as if in a stable 【考点精析】Stable is to horse as kennel is to dog. 位置关系。"马"住 在"马厩"里，"狗"住在"狗窝"里。

void [vɔɪd]

中 adj. 空的；未占据的；无效的 英 ① containing no matter ② not occupied ③ having no legal force or validity 同 empty, futile, unoccupied

vacuous [ˈvækjuəs]

中 adj. 空的；空洞的，无意义的；没有表情的，茫然的 英 ① devoid of matter ② devoid of substance or meaning ③ devoid of expression 同 blank, empty, hollow, inane, vacant

vacant [ˈveɪkənt]

中 adj. 空的；空缺的，未占用的 英 ① containing nothing ② not occupied or put to use 同 empty, desolate, unoccupied, void

prominent [ˈprɑːmɪnənt]

中 adj. 突起的；突出的，显眼的；著名的 英 ① projecting outward or upward from a line or surface; protuberant ② immediately noticeable; conspicuous ③ widely known; eminent 同 apparent, conspicuous, distinguished, eminent, outstanding, protuberant

risible [ˈrɪzəbl]

中 adj. 笑的，可笑的；引人发笑的，滑稽的；会笑的，爱笑的 英 ① relating to laughter or used in eliciting laughter ② eliciting laughter; ludicrous ③ capable of laughing or inclined to laugh 同 amusing, comic, laughable, ludicrous, mirthful

credible [ˈkredəbl]

中 adj. 能被信任的；值得信任的 英 ① capable of being believed ② worthy of confidence, reliable 同 believable, conceivable

straight [streɪt]

中 adj. 笔直的 adv. 成直线，笔直地；坦率地，直截了当地；径直，直 接 英 adj. ① extending continuously in the same direction without curving adv. ② in a straight line; directly ③ without circumlocution; candidly ④ without detour or delay 同 direct, unswerving; candidly, directly, frankly, sincerely

maladroit [ˌmæləˈdrɔɪt]

中 adj. 笨拙的 n. 笨人 英 adj. ① marked by a lack of adroitness; inept n. ② an inept person 同 clumsy, dumb, tardy

reckless [ˈrekləs]

中 adj. 粗心的；鲁莽的；不计后果的 英 ① heedless or careless ② headstrong; rash ③ indifferent to or disregardful of consequences 同 careless, foolhardy, headstrong, heedless, precipitate, rash, temerarious

cursory [ˈkɜːrsəri]

中 adj. 粗略的 英 performed with haste and scant attention to detail

raspy [ˈræspi]

中 adj. 粗糙的；刺耳的 英 grating, rough

crass [kræs]

中 adj. 粗糙的；愚钝的 英 ① crude and unrefined ② so crude and unrefined as to be lacking in discrimination and sensibility 同 crude, raw, retarded, rough, tardy, unrefined

prudent [ˈpruːdnt]

中 adj. 精明的；节俭的；谨慎的，慎重的 英 ① wise in handling practical matters; exercising good judgment or common sense ② careful in regard to one's own interests; provident ③ careful about one'sconduct; circumspect 同 careful, cautious, considerate, discreet, thoughtful

strict [strɪkt]

中 adj. 精确的；完全的，绝对的；严厉的，严格的 英 ① precise; exact ② complete; absolute ③ rigorous in the imposition of discipline 同 austere, exact, harsh, precise, rigorous, severe, stern

flamboyant [flæmˈbɔɪənt]

中 adj. 精美的；色彩艳丽的；浮夸的，浮华的 英 ① highly elaborate, ornate ② richly colored, resplendent ③ given to ostentatious display 同 brilliant, dazzling, fancy, flaming, vivid

exquisite [ˈekskwɪzɪt]

中 adj. 精致的，精巧的；高雅的，优美的；敏锐的，灵敏的；强烈的 英 ① characterized by intricate and beautiful design or execution ② of such beauty or delicacy as to arouse delight ③ acutely perceptive or discriminating ④ intense, keen 同 acute, appealing, attractive, beautiful, charming, delicate, delightful, enchanting, heavenly, intense, lovely, magnificent, marvelous, sharp, superb, wonderful

tender [ˈtendər]

中 adj. 纤弱的，脆弱的；嫩的；年幼且易受伤害的；柔弱的，易感染寒 霜的；易受伤害的，敏感的；痛的 vt. 使纤弱，使柔弱；正式提出 n. 投标；看管人，照料人；补给船；煤水车 英 adj. ① easily crushed or bruised; fragile ② easily chewed or cut ③ young and vulnerable ④ sensitive to frost or severe cold; not hardy ⑤ easily hurt; sensitive ⑥ painful; sore vt. ⑦ to make tender ⑧ to offer formally n. ⑨ a written offer to contract goods or services at a specified cost or rate; a bid ⑩ one who tends something ⑪ a vessel attendant on other vessels, especially one that ferries supplies between ship and shore ⑫ a railroad car attached to the rear of a locomotive and designed to carry fuel and water 同 affectionate, delicate, gentle

pure [pjʊr]

中 adj. 纯的，纯粹的，不掺杂的；纯洁的；纯净的，洁净的 英 ① having a homogeneous or uniform composition; not mixed ② free from adulterants or impurities ③ free of dirt, defilement, or pollution 同 chaste, decent

purebred [ˈpjʊrbred]

中 adj. 纯种的 n. 纯种动物 英 adj. ① of or belonging to a recognized strain established by breeding individuals of unmixed lineage over many generations n. ② a purebred animal 同 pureblood, thoroughbred, pedigreed 【考点精析】Purebred is to hybrid as pedigreed is to mongrel. 横向反义 关系，纵向同义关系。purebred 和pedigreed 都表示"纯种的", hybrid 和mongrel 都表示"杂种的"。

subtle [ˈsʌtl]

中 adj. 细微的，微妙的；难以理解的，深奥的；敏锐的；技艺精湛的， 聪明的；狡猾的，诡计多端的；诡秘的 英 ① so slight as to be difficult to detect or analyze; elusive ② not immediately obvious; abstruse ③ able to make fine distinctions ④ characterized by skill or ingenuity; clever ⑤ crafty or sly; devious ⑥ operating in a hidden, usually injurious way; insidious 同 clever, crafty, cunning, delicate, elusive, devious, foxy, insidious, sly

mortal [ˈmɔːrtl]

中 adj. 终有一死的；人类的；死亡的 n. 人 英 adj. ① liable or subject to death ② of or relating to humankind; human ③ of, relating to, or accompanying death n. ④ a human being 同 deadly, fatal, killing, lethal, vital

desperate [ˈdespərət]

中 adj. 绝望的；不顾一切的，拼命的；铤而走险的，孤注一掷的 英 ① having lost all hope ② reckless or violent because of despair ③undertaken out of extreme urgency or as a last resort 同 frantic, mad, reckless, wild

woven [ˈwoʊvn]

中 adj. 编织的，纺织而成的 n. 纺织品 英 adj. ① made by weaving n. ② material or a fabric made by weaving

unintelligent [ˌʌnɪnˈtelɪdʒənt]

中 adj. 缺乏才智的，无知的，愚蠢的 英 having or displaying a lack of intelligence

rare [rer]

中 adj. 罕见的；优秀的；稀薄的 英 ① infrequently occurring; uncommon ② excellent; extraordinary ③ thin in density 同 infrequent, peculiar, rarefied, scarce, sparse, uncommon, unusual

delicate [ˈdelɪkət]

中 adj. 美味的；精美的，精细的；体弱的；易碎的；敏锐的；细腻的，得当的；微妙的，需要小心处理的 英 ① pleasing to the senses, especially in a subtle way ② exquisitely fine or dainty ③ frail in constitution or health ④ easily broken or damaged ⑤ marked by sensitivity of discrimination ⑥ considerate of the feelings of others or propriety ⑦ requiring tactful treatment 同 dainty, fine, fragile, frail, sensitive, soft, tender

swollen [ˈswoʊlən]

中 adj. 肿胀的；过分渲染的，夸张的 英 ① expanded by or as if by internal pressure; distended ② overblown; bombastic 同 bloated, bombastic, bulged, distended, enlarged, inflated, magnified, overblown

pernicious [pərˈnɪʃəs]

中 adj. 致命的，恶性的；有害的，毁灭性的 英 ① tending to cause death or serious injury, deadly ② causing great harm, destructive 同 destructive, fatal, harmful, lethal

fatal [ˈfeɪtl]

中 adj. 致命的；毁灭性的；关键的，决定性的 英 ① causing or capable of causing death ② causing ruin or destruction, disastrous ③ of decisive importance, fateful 同 deadly, decisive, destructive, disastrous, fateful, important, mortal, significant

lethal [ˈliːθl]

中 adj. 致死的，会致死的；极其有害的 英 ① capable of causing death ② extremely harmful; devastating 同 deadly, devastating, fatal

strenuous [ˈstrenjuəs]

中 adj. 艰巨的；热烈的 英 ① requiring great effort, energy, or exertion ② vigorously active; energetic or zealous 英 arduous, energetic, fervent, vigorous, zealous

frugal [ˈfruːgl]

中 adj. 节俭的；廉价的 英 ① practicing or marked by economy, as in the expenditure of money or the use of material resources ② costing little, inexpensive 同 economical, thrift 【考点精析】Frugal is to spending as unruly is to obedient. 反义关 系。"节俭的"对"花销大的"相当于"难以驾驭的"对"顺从的"。

odorous [ˈoʊdərəs]

中 adj. 芳香的，芬芳的 英 having a distinctive odor 同 aromatic, fragrant, redolent

fragrant [ˈfreɪgrənt]

中 adj. 芳香的，香的 英 having a pleasant odor 同 aromatic, odorous

wan [wæn]

中 adj. 苍白的；憔悴的，病态的，郁郁寡欢的 vi. 变苍白 英 adj. ① unnaturally pale, as from physical or emotional distress ② suggestive or indicative of weariness, illness, or unhappiness; melancholy vi. ③ to become pale 同 ashen, bloodless, colorless, faint, haggard, pallid

foolhardy [ˈfuːlhɑːrdi]

中 adj. 莽撞的，有勇无谋的 英 unwisely bold or venturesome, rash 同 brash, careless, flippant, hasty, imprudent, impudent, rushed

filmy [ˈfɪlmi]

中 adj. 薄膜似的，极薄的；朦胧的 英 ① of, resembling, or consisting of film ② covered by or as if by a film

pious [ˈpaɪəs]

中 adj. 虔诚的，笃信的，敬神的；假虔诚的，虚伪的 英 ① having or exhibiting religious reverence, earnestly compliant in the observance of religion, devout ② marked by false devoutness, solemnly hypocritical 同 allegiant, devoted, devout, faithful, fidel, loyal, reverent, sincere, truthful

feeble [ˈfiːbl]

中 adj. 虚弱的，缺乏力量的；微弱的，薄弱的 英 ① lacking strength, weak ② lacking vigor, force, or effectiveness; inadequate

outrageous [aʊtˈreɪdʒəs]

中 adj. 蛮横的；(脾气、行为) 无节制的；无道德的，可耻的 英 ① grossly offensive to decency or morality, being well beyond the bounds of good taste ② violent or unrestrained in temperament or behavior ③ having no regard for morality 同 barbarous, immoral, overbearing

rough [rʌf]

中 adj. 表面不光滑的；粗糙的；崎岖的；狂暴的，剧烈的；(尤指天气) 恶劣的 n. 高低不平且杂草丛生的地区 vt. 粗暴对待 英 adj. ① having a surface marked by irregularities, protuberances, or ridges; not smooth ② coarse or shaggy to the touch ③ difficult to travel over or through ④ characterized by violent motion; turbulent ⑤ difficult to endure or live through, especially because of harsh or inclement weather n. ⑥ rugged, overgrown terrain vt. ⑦ to treat roughly or with physical violence 同 harsh, jagged, rugged, scabrous, uneven

glossy [ˈglɑːsi]

中 adj. 表面光滑的，有光泽的；虚有其表的，浮夸的 n. 印在光纸上 的相片 英 adj. ① having a smooth, shiny, lustrous surface ② superficially and often speciously attractive, showy n. ③ a photographic print on smooth, shiny paper 同 glistening, lustrous, satiny, sheeny, shining, shiny, silken, silky, sleek

superficial [ˌsuːpərˈfɪʃl]

中 adj. 表面的，表皮的；肤浅的；表面上的；微小的，无关紧要的 英 ① of, affecting, or being on or near the surface ② concerned with or comprehending only what is apparent or obvious; shallow ③ apparent rather than actual or substantial ④ trivial; insignificant 同 insignificant, shallow, trivial

decrepit [dɪ ˈkrepɪt]

中 adj. 衰老的，老朽的，破旧的 英 weakened, worn out, impaired, or broken down by old age, illness, or hard use 同 creaky, derelict, feeble, infirm, rickety, run-down, weak

downtrodden [ˈdaʊntrɑːdn]

中 adj. 被压迫的；被践踏的 英 ① oppressed ② tyrannized

wired [ˈwaɪərd]

中 adj. 装有电线的；用金属线加固的 英 ① equipped with a system of wires, as for electric or telephone connections ② reinforced or supported by wires

ornate [ɔːrˈneɪt]

中 adj. 装饰华丽的；(文体等) 华丽的，华美的 英 ① elaborately, heavily, and often excessively ornamented ② flashy, showy, or florid in style or manner; flowery 同 elaborate, flashy, florid, flowery, showy

intangible [ɪnˈtændʒəbl]

中 adj. 触摸不到的，无形的；难以确定的，模糊的 n. 无形的东西 英 adj. ① incapable of being perceived by the senses ② incapable of being realized or defined n. ③ something intangible, especially an asset that cannot be perceived by the senses, often used in the plural 同 impalpable, unsubstantial, untouchable 【考点精析】Intangible is to touching as inaudible is to hearing."缺 乏"关系。"无形的"对"触摸"相当于"听不见的"对"听力，听觉"。

vigilant [ˈvɪdʒɪlənt]

中 adj. 警惕的，警觉的 英 on the alert 同 acute, keen, perceptive, sharp, shrewd

scrupulous [ˈskruːpjələs]

中 adj. 认真的，严谨的；谨慎的，有原则的 英 ① conscientious and exact; painstaking ② having scruples; principled 同 exacting, fastidious, fussy, meticulous, painstaking, precise, principled

waggish [ˈwægɪʃ]

中 adj. 诙谐的，滑稽的 英 characteristic of or resembling a wag; jocular or witty

earnest [ˈɜːrnɪst]

中 adj. 诚挚的，认真的；严肃的，庄严的 英 ① marked by or showing deep sincerity or seriousness ② of an important or weighty nature, grave 同 devoted, serious, sincere

culpable [ˈkʌlpəbl]

中 adj. 该受责备的 英 deserving of blame or censure as being wrong, evil, improper, or injurious 同 accusable, blamable, blameworthy

derogatory [dɪ ˈrɑːgətɔːri]

中 adj. 诽谤性的；贬抑性的，减损的 英 ① disparaging, belittling ② tending to detract or diminish 同 malign, slanderous 【考点精析】Derogatory is to critical as impressive is to inspiring. 程度关系。"贬损的"比"批评的"程度深，"印象深刻的"比"鼓舞人的"程度深。

enigmatic [ˌenɪgˈmætɪk ]

中 adj. 谜一般的，难以捉摸的 英 of or resembling an enigma 同 obscure, mysterious

courteous [ˈkɜːrtiəs]

中 adj. 谦恭的 英 characterized by gracious consideration toward others 同 courtly, humble, polite

modest [ˈmɑːdɪst]

中 adj. 谦虚的；羞怯的；端庄的，正派的；谨慎的；适度的 英 ① having or showing a moderate estimation of one's own talents, abilities, and value ② having or proceeding from a disinclination to call attention to oneself; retiring or diffident ③ observing conventional proprieties in speech, behavior, or dress ④ free from showiness or ostentation; unpretentious ⑤ moderate or limited in size, quantity, or range; not extreme 同 homely, humble, meek, plain, simple, submissive, unpretentious

humble [ˈhʌmbl]

中 adj. 谦逊的，谦恭的；谦卑的，顺从的；(身份地位) 低下的，卑微 的 vt. 羞辱，使惭愧；使柔顺，使谦和；使地位降低 英 adj. ① marked by meekness or modesty in behavior, attitude, or spirit; not arrogant or prideful ② showing deferential or submissive respect ③ low in rank, quality, or station; unpretentious or lowly vt. ④ to curtail or destroy the pride of, humiliate ⑤ to cause to be meek or modest in spirit ⑥ to give a lower condition or station to, abase 同 homely, meek, modest, plain, simple, submissive, unpretentious; abase, humiliate

discreet [dɪ ˈskriːt]

中 adj. 谨慎的，慎重的；朴素的 英 ① marked by, exercising, or showing prudence and wise selfrestraint in speech and behavior; circumspect ② free from ostentation or pretension, modest 同 careful, cautious, considerate, prudent, thoughtful

immune [ɪ ˈmjuːn]

中 adj. 豁免的，免除的；不受影响的；免疫的 n. 免疫者 英 adj. ① not subject to an obligation imposed on others, exempt ② not affected by a given influence, unresponsive ③ of, relating to, or having immunity to infection by a specific pathogen n. ④ a person who is immune 同 exempt, unaffected impact 中 [ˈɪmpækt] n. 碰击，撞击；冲击力，撞击力；影响，作用；影响力 [ɪmˈpækt] vt. 压紧；用力撞击 vi. 产生影响 英 n. ① the striking of one body against another; collision ② the force or impetus transmitted by a collision ③ the effect or impression of one thing on another ④ the power of making a strong, immediate impression vt. ⑤ to pack firmly together ⑥ to strike forcefully vi. ⑦ to have an effect or impact 同 effect

reproachful [rɪ ˈproʊtʃfl]

中 adj. 责备的 英 expressing reproach or blame

gluttonous [ˈglʌtənəs]

中 adj. 贪吃的；沉迷的 英 ① given to or marked by gluttony ② indulging in something, such as an activity, to excess 同 greedy

grasping [ˈgræspɪŋ]

中 adj. 贪婪的，贪得无厌的 英 exceedingly eager for material gain, avaricious 同 avaricious, covetous, gluttonous, greedy

scant [skænt]

中 adj. 贫乏的；缺乏的，不足的 vt. 克扣；限制 英 adj. ① barely sufficient ② inadequately supplied; short vt. ③ to give an inadequate portion or allowance to ④ to limit, as in amount or share; stint 同 deficient, inadequate, insufficient, meager, scarce, short, skimpy, sparse; stint

indigent [ˈɪndɪdʒənt]

中 adj. 贫困的 n. 穷人 英 adj. ① experiencing want or need; impoverished n. ② a needy or destitute person 同 deficient, destitute, impoverished, necessitous, poverty-stricken

demanding [dɪ ˈmændɪŋ]

中 adj. 费力的，费神的；要求高的 英 ① requiring much effort or attention ② making a person meet high standards 同 strenuous, trying

weird [wɪrd]

中 adj. 超自然的；奇怪的，怪诞的 n. 命运，宿命，(尤指) 厄运 英 adj. ① of, relating to, or suggestive of the preternatural or supernatural ② of a strikingly odd or unusual character; strange n. ③ one's assigned lot or fortune, especially when evil 同 eerie, uncanny

corporal [ˈkɔːrpərəl]

中 adj. 躯体的，身体的 n. 下士 英 adj. ① of or relating to the body n. ② a noncommissioned rank in the U.S. Army that is above private first class and below sergeant or in the U.S. Marine Corps that is above lance corporal and below sergeant 【知识拓展】下士为各国军士军衔中最低级别称号。

credulous [ˈkredʒələs]

中 adj. 轻信的，易受骗的；因轻信而产生的 英 ① disposed to believe too readily, gullible ② arising from credulity 同 believing, gullible, trusting

skittish [ˈskɪtɪʃ]

中 adj. 轻快的，活泼的；不安定的；不可靠的，多变的；害羞的 英 ① moving quickly and lightly; lively ② restlessly active or nervous; restive ③ undependably variable; mercurial or fickle ④ shy; bashful

facile [ˈfæsl]

中 adj. 轻易可得的，容易达到的；熟练的，流畅的 英 ① done or achieved with little effort or difficulty, easy ② working, acting, or speaking with effortless ease and fluency 同 easy 【考点精析】Facile is to effort as inconsiderate is to thought."缺乏"关 系。"轻易得来的"就是缺乏"努力"，"不体贴的"就是缺乏"着想"。

ethereal [i ˈθɪriəl]

中 adj. 轻飘的，虚空的；优美的，精致的；非物质的，精神上的 英 ① characterized by lightness and insubstantiality ② highly refined ③ not of this world, spiritual 同 airy, delicate, light

tearjerker [ˈtɪrˌdʒɜːrkər]

中 n. 催人泪下的故事、戏剧或表演 英 a grossly sentimental story, drama, or performance

painstaking [ˈpeɪnzteɪkɪŋ]

中 adj. 辛苦的，勤勉的，仔细的 n. 努力，勤勉 英 adj. ① marked by or requiring great pains, very careful and diligent n. ② extremely careful and diligent work or effort 同 diligent, meticulous, scrupulous

pedantic [pɪ ˈdæntɪk]

中 adj. 迂腐的，学究式的 英 characterized by a narrow, often ostentatious concern for book learning and formal rules 同 pedestrian, unimaginative 【考点精析】Scholarly is to pedantic as devout is to sanctimonious. 褒 贬义关系。前者是褒义词，后者是贬义词。"学者的，学术的"对"迂 腐的，学究式的"相当于"虔诚的"对"假装虔诚的"。

swift [swɪft]

中 adj. 迅速的，速度快的；立即的；反应快的 n. 雨燕 英 adj. ① moving or capable of moving with great speed; fast ② coming, occurring, or accomplished quickly; instant ③ quick to act or react; prompt n. ④ any of various small, dark, insect-eating birds of the family Apodidae, related to the hummingbirds and noted for their long, strong wings and swift flight

fastidious [fæˈstɪdiəs]

中 adj. 过分注意的；挑剔的，难讨好的；过分讲究的 英 ① possessing or displaying careful, meticulous attention to detail ② difficult to please ③ excessively scrupulous or sensitive, especially in matters of taste or propriety 同 choosy, picky

corpulent [ˈkɔːrpjələnt]

中 adj. 过度肥胖的 英 excessively fat 同 fat, obese, portly

overdue [ˌoʊvərˈduː]

中 adj. 过期未付的；迟到的，延误的；期待已久的，早该有的 英 ① being unpaid when due ② coming or arriving after the scheduled or expected time ③ expected or required but not yet having come about; being something that should have occurred earlier overflow 中 [ˌoʊvərˈfloʊ] vi. 泛滥；满溢，溢出 vt. 使泛滥；淹没 [ˈoʊvərfloʊ] n. 泛滥，溢出；溢出物 英 vi. ① to flow or run over the top, brim, or banks ② to be filled beyond capacity, as a container or waterway vt. ③ to flow over the top, brim, or banks of ④ to spread or cover over, flood n. ⑤ the act of overflowing ⑥ something that flows over, an excess

lavish [ˈlævɪʃ]

中 adj. 过量的，浪费的；慷慨的 vt. 大量地给予或赠予 英 adj. ① characterized by or produced with extravagance and profusion ② im-moderate in giving or bestowing; unstinting vt. ③ to give or bestow in abundance; shower 同 abundant, extravagant, luxurious

overlong [ˌoʊvərˈlɔːŋ]

中 adj. 过长的 adv. 过久地，太长 英 adj. ① excessively long adv. ② for too long overlook 中 [ˌoʊvərˈlʊk] vt. 眺望，俯瞰，高耸于...之上；漏看，忽略 [ˈoʊvərlʊk] n. 高地 英 vt. ① to look over or at from a higher place, to rise above, especially so as to afford a view over ② to fail to notice or consider; miss; to ignore deliberately or indulgently; disregard n. ③ an elevated place that affords an extensive view 同 disregard, forget, ignore, neglect overnight 中 [ˈoʊvərnaɪt] adj. 一整夜的；短途旅行或过夜用的；保证隔日邮寄 到的 n. 一夜的逗留或旅行 [ˌoʊvərˈnaɪt] adv. 一整夜地 vi. 过一夜 英 adj. ① lasting for, extending over, or remaining during a night ② for use over a single night or for a short journey ③ mailed for guaranteed delivery on the next day n. ④ an overnight stay or trip adv. ⑤ during or for the length of the night vi. ⑥ to spend the night

kinetic [kɪ ˈnetɪk]

中 adj. 运动的，由运动引起的 英 of, relating to, or produced by motion 同 moving

hapless [ˈhæpləs]

中 adj. 运气不好的，倒霉的 英 luckless, unfortunate 同 unfortunate, unlucky

remote [rɪ ˈmoʊt]

中 adj. 远方的；偏僻的；久远的；遥控的 n. 遥控；遥控器 英 adj. ① located far away; distant in space ② hidden away; secluded ③ distant in time ④ operating or controlled from a distance n. ⑤ remote control ⑥ a remote control device 同 distant, far-away

incessant [ɪnˈsesnt]

中 adj. 连续不断的 英 continuing without interruption 同 ceaseless, consistent, continuous, endless, infinite, insistent, steady

winsome [ˈwɪnsəm]

中 adj. 迷人的，孩子般天真无邪的 英 charming, often in a childlike or naive way

recessive [rɪ ˈsesɪv]

中 adj. 退回的，后退的 n. 隐性基因 英 adj. ① tending to go backward or recede n. ② a recessive allele or trait

elusive [i ˈluːsɪv]

中 adj. 逃避的 英 tending to elude capture, perception, comprehension, or memory 同 evasive

evasive [ɪ ˈveɪsɪv]

中 adj. 逃避的；含糊其辞的，模棱两可的 英 ① inclined or intended to evade ② intentionally vague or ambiguous, equivocal 同 equivocal

transparent [trænsˈpærənt]

中 adj. 透明的；显而易见的，显然的 英 ① capable of transmitting light so that objects or images can be seen as if there were no intervening material ② easily seen through or detected; obvious 同 apparent, clear, conspicuous, explicit, evident, obvious, plain

diaphanous [daɪ ˈæfənəs]

中 adj. 透明的；精致的；模糊的，朦胧的 英 ① of such fine texture as to be transparent or translucent ②characterized by delicacy of form ③ vague or insubstantial 同 cobwebby, filmy, gauze-like, gauzy, gossamer, see-through, sheer,transparent, vaporous

shady [ˈʃeɪdi]

中 adj. 遮阴的，阴凉的；投下阴影的；隐蔽的；可疑的 英 ① full of shade; shaded ② casting shade ③ quiet, dark, or concealed; hidden ④ of dubious character or honesty; questionable

sloppy [ˈslɑːpi]

中 adj. 邋遢的；马虎的，随便的 英 ① marked by a lack of neatness or order; untidy ② marked by a lack of care or precision; slipshod 同 haphazard, messy, negligent, slipshod, slovenly, untidy

wicked [ˈwɪkɪd]

中 adj. 邪恶的，不道德的；捣蛋的，戏谑的；严重的，令人痛苦的 英 ① evil by nature and in practice ② playfully malicious or mischievous ③ severe and distressing 同 distressing, malicious, mischievous

metallic [məˈtælɪk]

中 adj. 金属的；有光泽的 n. 金属纤维 英 adj. ① of, relating to, or having the characteristics of a metal ② lustrous; sparkling n. ③ a yarn or fiber made of or containing metal

keen [kiːn]

中 adj. 锋利的；聪明的，敏锐的；非常敏感的 英 ① having a fine, sharp cutting edge or point ② having or marked by intellectual quickness and acuity ③ acutely sensitive 同 acute, astute, brilliant, clever, discerning, imaginative, incisive, ingenious, inspired, penetrating, perceptive, resourceful, sensitive

inaccurate [ɪnˈækjərət]

中 adj. 错误的，不正确的 英 mistaken or incorrect; not accurate 同 incorrect, inexact, imprecise

sedate [sɪ ˈdeɪt]

中 adj. 镇静的 vt. (用镇静剂) 使镇静 英 adj. serenely deliberate, composed, and dignified in character or manner vt. to administer a sedative to; calm or relieve by means of a sedative drug 【考点精析】Anesthesiologist is to sedate as hypnotist is to spell. 专业人 士及其行为效果的关系。"麻醉师"用麻醉剂"使人镇静"，"催眠 师"使用咒语"使人入迷"。

sweltering [ˈsweltərɪŋ]

中 adj. 闷热的；热得难受的 英 ① oppressively hot and humid; sultry ② suffering from oppressive heat 同 hot, humid, sultry, sweltry

gloomy [ˈgluːmi]

中 adj. 阴暗的，阴沉的；忧郁的；令人沮丧的；绝望的 英 ① partially or totally dark, especially dismal and dreary ② showing or filled with gloom ③ causing or producing gloom, depressing ④ marked by hopelessness, very pessimistic 同 dejected, depressed, desolate, despondent, dismal, forlorn, grieved, mournful, morose, sad, sullen, woebegone, woeful, wretched

morose [məˈroʊs]

中 adj. 阴沉的，孤僻的 英 sullenly melancholy; gloomy 同 dejected, depressed, desolate, despondent, dismal, forlorn, gloomy, grieved, mournful, sullen, woebegone, woeful, wretched

dismal [ˈdɪzməl]

中 adj. 阴沉的，沮丧的；不高明的 英 ① causing gloom or depression ② characterized by ineptitude, dullness, or a lack of merit 同 bleak, cheerless, dark, depressing, desolate, dreary, gloomy miserable

sullen [ˈsʌlən]

中 adj. 阴郁的，愠怒的，郁郁寡欢的；阴沉的；迟钝的，迟缓的 英 ① showing a brooding ill humor or silent resentment; morose or sulky ② gloomy or somber in tone, color, or portent ③ sluggish; slow 同 dejected, despondent, depressed, desolate, dismal, forlorn, gloomy, grieved, lugubrious, morose, mournful, sad, somber, sulky, woeful, woebegone, wretched; slow, sluggish

definite [ˈdefɪnət]

中 adj. 限定的；肯定的；明确的，确切的 英 ① having distinct limits ② indisputable ③ clearly defined;explicitly precise 同 clear, clear-cut, distinct, evident, exact, obvious, plain, precise 【考点精析】Definite is to plausible as certain is to probable. 程度关系。"肯定的"比"可能的"程度深。同时，纵向上是同义关系。

steep [stiːp]

中 adj. 陡峭的；过分的，过高的 n. 陡坡 英 adj. ① having a sharp inclination; precipitous ② excessive; stiff n. ③ a precipitous slope 同 abrupt, precipitous, sheer, stiff

subsequent [ˈsʌbsɪkwənt]

中 adj. 随后的 英 following in time or order; succeeding 同 following, next, succeeding

insufferable [ɪnˈsʌfrəbl]

中 adj. 难以忍受的 英 difficult or impossible to endure; intolerable 同 intolerable, unbearable insult v. ① to treat with gross insensitivity, insolence, or contemptuous rudeness; to give offense; offend ② an offensive action or remark 中 [ɪnˈsʌlt] v. 侮辱，羞辱 [ˈɪnsʌlt] n. 侮辱性的行为或言谈 同 affront, humiliate, offend

fractious [ˈfrækʃəs]

中 adj. 难驾驭的；暴躁的 英 ① inclined to make trouble, unruly ② having a peevish nature, cranky 同 disobedient, recalcitrant, unruly

stationary [ˈsteɪʃəneri]

中 adj. 静止的；不能被移动的，固定的；不变的 n. 固定的事物 英 adj. ① not moving ② not capable of being moved; fixed ③ unchanging n. ④ one that is stationary 同 fixed, inflexible, immobile, immovable, motionless, steady, unchanging

extraordinary [ɪkˈstrɔːrdəneri]

中 adj. 非一般的，特别的；非凡的，杰出的；特命的，特派的 英 ① beyond what is ordinary or usual ② highly exceptional, remarkable ③ employed or used for a special service, function, or occasion 同 exceptional, marvelous, noteworthy, remarkable, special, unusual, wonderful

extravagance [ɪkˈstrævəgəns]

中 adj. 非一般的，特别的；非凡的，杰出的；特命的，特派的 英 ① beyond what is ordinary or usual ② highly exceptional, remarkable ③ employed or used for a special service, function, or occasion 同 exceptional, marvelous, noteworthy, remarkable, special, unusual, wonderful

loquacious [ləˈkweɪʃəs]

中 adj. 非常健谈的 英 very talkative, garrulous 同 chatty, garrulous, talkative

minuscule [ˈmɪnəskjuːl]

中 adj. 非常小的，微小的；小写的 n. 小书写体 英 adj. ① very small; tiny ② of, relating to, or written in miniscule n. ③ a small, cursive script developed from uncial between the seventh and ninth centuries and used in medieval manuscripts minute 中 [ˈmɪnɪt] n. 分，分钟；备忘录 vt. 将...记入备忘录 [maɪ ˈnjuːt] adj. 微小的 英 n. ① a unit of time equal to one sixtieth of an hour, or 60 seconds ② a note or summary covering points to be remembered; a memorandum vt. ③ to record in a memorandum or the minutes of a meeting adj. ④ exceptionally small; tiny

sanguine [ˈsæŋgwɪn]

中 adj. 面色红润的 英 of a healthy, reddish color; ruddy 同 ruddy

melodious [məˈloʊdiəs]

中 adj. 音调和谐的；悦耳的 英 ① of, relating to, or containing a pleasing succession of sounds; tuneful ② agreeable to hear 同 euphonious, melodic, tuneful 【考点精析】Delicious is to taste as melodious is to music. 形容词和名 词的修饰关系。 美味的味道，悦耳的音乐。

submissive [səbˈmɪsɪv]

中 adj. 顺从的，柔顺的 英 inclined or willing to submit

dogged [ˈdɔːgɪd]

中 adj. 顽固的，固执的 英 stubbornly persevering, tenacious 同 headstrong, obstinate, stubborn, willful

sonnet [ˈsɑːnɪt]

中 n. 十四行诗体；十四行诗 英 ① a 14-line verse form usually having one of several conventional rhyme schemes ② a poem in this form

stubborn [ˈstʌbərn]

中 adj. 顽固的；顽强的，坚决的，下定决心的；坚持的 英 ① unreasonably, often perversely unyielding; bullheaded ② firmly resolved or determined; resolute ③ characterized by perseverance; persistent 同 absolute, bullheaded, dogged, dogmatic, obstinate, opinionated, persistent, pigheaded, resolute

recalcitrant [rɪ ˈkælsɪtrənt]

中 adj. 顽抗的 英 marked by stubborn resistance to and defiance of authority or guidance 同 disobedient, fractious, unruly 【考点精析】Recalcitrant is to obedience as insolent is to respect."缺 乏"关系。"顽抗的"缺乏"服从"，"傲慢的"缺乏"尊敬"。

forewarning [fɔːrˈwɔːrnɪŋ]

中 adj. 预先警告的 英 a warning given in advance

scheduled [ˈskedʒuːld]

中 adj. 预定的，按时间安排好的 英 planned for some certain time or times

reverse [rɪ ˈvɜːrs]

中 adj. 颠倒的，反向的；背面的；反常的；倒转的 n. 相反的情况；倒 退装置；倒车，倒退 vt.使反转，使倒退 vi. 逆行；倒转 英 adj. ① turned backward in position, direction, or order ② having the back showing or in view of the observer ③ moving, acting, or organized in a manner contrary to the usual ④ causing backward movement n. ⑤ the opposite or contrary ⑥ a mechanism, such as a gear in a motor vehicle, that is used to reverse movement ⑦ the position or operating condition of such a mechanism vt. ⑧ to turn around to the opposite direction vi. ⑨ to turn or move in the opposite direction ⑩ to reverse the action of an engine 同 invert, transpose

erratic [ɪ ˈrætɪk]

中 adj. 飘忽不定的；无规律的；古怪的 英 ① having no fixed or regular course ② lacking consistency, regularity, or uniformity ③ deviating from the customary course in conduct or opinion 同 abnormal, changeable, irregular, queer, uncertain, unstable, unusual 【考点精析】Erratic is to predictable as exorbitant is to reasonable. 反义 关系。"无规律的"对"可预测的"，"过度的"对"合理的"。

saturated [ˈsætʃəreɪtɪd]

中 adj. 饱和的；浸透的，湿透的 英 ① unable to hold or contain more; full ② soaked with moisture; drenched 同 drenched, full

uproarious [ʌpˈrɔːriəs]

中 adj. 骚乱的，喧嚣的；吵闹的 英 ① causing or accompanied by an uproar ② loud and full

haughty [ˈhɔːti]

中 adj. 高傲的，傲慢的 英 scornfully and condescendingly proud 同 arrogant, conceited, insolent, proud

florid [ˈflɑːrɪd]

中 adj. 鲜红色的，红润的；华丽的 英 ① flushed with rosy color, ruddy ② very ornate, flowery 同 flowery, ruddy

torpid [ˈtɔːrpɪd]

中 adj. 麻木的，迟缓的，迟钝的英 deprived of the power of motion or feeling; benumbed同 dormant, hibernating, inert, sluggish, soggy

obscure [əbˈskjʊr]

中 adj. 黑暗的，暗淡的；微弱的，模糊的；偏僻的，隐匿的 英 ① deficient in light, dark ② indistinctly heard, faint ③ far from centers of human population 同 ambiguous, cryptic, dark, enigmatic, equivocal, vague

rarely [ˈrerli]

中 adv. 不经常；稀少地；例外地，特别地；珍奇地，绝佳地 英 ① not often; infrequently ② in an unusual degree; exceptionally ③ with uncommon excellence

severely [sɪ ˈvɪrli]

中 adv. 严厉地，严肃地；严重地 英 ① in a strict way ② very badly or to a great degree

down [daʊn]

中 adv. 向下 n. (鸟类的) 绒毛 英 adv. ① from a higher to a lower place or position n. ② fine, soft, fluffy feathers forming the first plumage of a young bird and underlying the contour feathers in certain adult birds 【考点精析】Down is to duvet as wool is to cashmere. 事物及其原材料 的关系。"羽绒被"的原材料是"绒毛"，"羊毛衫"的原材料是"羊毛"。"绒毛"是down 在SSAT 考试中常考的意思，正好也是我们最 不熟悉的一个意思。

promptly [ˈprɑːmptli]

中 adv. 迅速地；及时地 英 at the right time without being late

ought [ɔːt]

中 aux. v. 应当，应该 (表示义务、责任；表示劝告、建议；表示愿望； 表示可能性) 英 ① used to indicate obligation or duty ② used to indicate advisability or prudence ③ used to indicate desirability ④ used to indicate probability or likelihood

neutron [ˈnuːtrɑːn]

中 n. 中子 英 an electrically neutral subatomic particle in the baryon family, having a mass 1,839 times that of the electron, stable when bound in an atomic nucleus, and having a mean lifetime of approximately 1.0×103 seconds as a free particle

medium [ˈmiːdiəm]

中 n. 中间，中庸；介质，触媒；媒介，中介 adj. 中等的，中间的 英 n. ① something, such as an intermediate course of action, that occupies a position or represents a condition midway between extremes ② an intervening substance through which something else is transmitted or carried on ③ an agency by which something is accomplished, conveyed, or transferred adj. ④ occurring or being between two degrees, amounts, or quantities; intermediate

morsel [ˈmɔːrsl]

中 n. (事物的) 一口，一片；小吃，(少量) 佳肴；小量，一点 英 ① a small piece of food ② a tasty delicacy; a tidbit ③ a small amount; a piece

harem [ˈhærəm]

中 n. (伊斯兰教妇女的) 闺房 英 a house or a section of a house reserved for women members of a Moslem household 【知识拓展】在 中国的传统文化 中，未婚女子的住所称作"闺房"，是 青春少女坐卧起居、修炼女红、研习诗书礼仪的地方。闺阁生活是 女子一生 中极为重要且最温馨、美好的阶段，就像美丽的蝴蝶在鼓 翼凌飞之前慢慢蜕变、静静成长在一只明丝缠绕着的玲珑的茧 中。 古人又把"闺房"称作"香闺"，把未笄女子唤作"待字闺 中"，更是不 吝笔墨用大量诗词歌赋来描绘闺阁情趣，生动、鲜活并自成一派。

postscript [ˈpoʊstskrɪpt]

中 n. (信末的) 附言，又及 (略作P.S.)；后话，续篇 英 ① a message appended at the end of a letter after the writer's signature ② additional information appended to the manuscript, as of a book or an article

partisan [ˈpɑːrtəzn]

中 n. (党派等的) 强硬支持者，党羽；游击队员 adj. 游击队的；党派 性强的 英 n. ① a fervent, sometimes militant supporter or proponent of a party, cause, faction, person, or idea ② a member of an organized body of fighters who attack or harass an enemy, especially within occupied territory; a guerrilla adj. ③ of, relating to, or characteristic of a partisan or partisans ④ devoted to or biased in support of a party, group, or cause

stampede [stæmˈpiːd]

中 n. (兽群的) 惊逃，狂奔；(人群的) 逃窜，蜂拥 vt. 使 (兽群) 惊逃； 使 (人群) 蜂拥 vi. 逃窜 英 n. ① a sudden frenzied rush of panic-stricken animals ② a sudden headlong rush or flight of a crowd of people vt. ③ to cause (a herd of animals) to flee in panic ④ to cause (a crowd of people) to act on mass impulse vi. ⑤ to flee in a headlong rush 同 flight, rush 【考点精析】Stampede is to horse as swarm is to bees. 动宾关系。马惊 逃，蜜蜂群集。

regiment [ˈredʒɪmənt]

中 n. (军队的) 团 vt. 组团；使系统化；管制 英 n. ① a military unit of ground troops consisting of at least two battalions, usually commanded by a colonel vt. ② to form into a regiment ③ to put into systematic order; systematize ④ to subject to uniformity and rigid order

prairie [ˈpreri]

中 n. (北美) 大草原 英 an extensive area of flat or rolling, predominantly treeless grassland, especially the large tract or plain of central North America

coyote [kaɪ ˈoʊti]

中 n. (北美西部草原上的) 郊狼；救火队员 英 ① a small, wolflike carnivorous animal (Canis latrans) native to western North America and found in many other regions of the continent, also called prairie wolf ② a firefighter who is sent to battle remote, usually very severe forest fires, often for days at a time

surveyor [sərˈveɪər]

中 n. (土地) 测量员，勘测员 英 someone whose job is to examine the condition of a building, or to measure and record the details of an area of land

draft [dræft]

中 n. (密闭空间中的) 气流；汇票，汇款单；草稿，草图 英 ① a current of air in an enclosed area ② a written order directing the payment of money from an account or fund ③ a preliminary outline of a plan, document, or picture 【考点精析】Draft is to door as rain is to umbrella."阻碍"关系，后者阻碍前者。"门"阻挡了"气流"，"雨伞"阻挡了"雨"。

retriever [rɪ ˈtriːvər]

中 n. (尤指) 叼回猎物的猎犬，寻回犬 英 one that retrieves, especially any one of several breeds of dog that were developed and trained to retrieve game

connoisseur [ˌkɑːnəˈsɜːr]

中 n. (尤指艺术) 鉴赏家，行家 英 a person of informed and discriminating taste and with expert knowledge or training, especially in the fine arts

hart [hɑːrt]

中 n. (尤指超过五岁以上的) 雄赤鹿 英 male deer, especially a male red deer over five years old 【知识拓展】赤鹿，即马鹿，是仅次于驼鹿的大型鹿类，因为体形似骏 马而得名，体长为160～250 厘米，尾长12～15 厘米，肩高约150 厘 米，体重一般为150～250 千克，雌兽比雄兽要小一些。它的夏毛较 短，没有绒毛，一般为赤褐色，背面较深，腹面较浅，故有"赤鹿"之 称。赤鹿属于北方森林草原型动物，但由于分布范围较大，栖息环 境也极为多样。

propensity [prəˈpensəti]

中 n. (性格上的) 倾向，习性 英 an innate inclination; a tendency 同 inclination, proclivity, tendency

foible [ˈfɔɪbl]

中 n. (性格上的) 弱点，小缺点；(刀剑的) 中段到刀尖部分 英 ① a minor weakness or failing of character ② the weaker section of a sword blade, from the middle to the tip

gavel [ˈgævl]

中 n. (拍卖商、法官等用的) 小木槌 vt. (敲小木槌) 强行通过 英 n. ① a small mallet used by a presiding officer or an auctioneer to signal for attention or order or to mark the conclusion of a transaction vt. ② to bring about or compel by using a gavel

lariat [ˈlærɪrt]

中 n. (拴马或骡子用的) 套索 英 a rope for picketing grazing horses or mules

despot [ˈdespɑːt]

中 n. (有至高权力的) 统治者；专制君主，暴君 英 ① a ruler with absolute power ② a person who wields power oppressively, a tyrant 同 dictator, oppressor, ruler, tyrant

gang [gæŋ]

中 n. (歹徒等的) 一帮，一群；(青少年等的) 恶少帮，阿飞党 vi. 结伙 vt. 使结成一伙 英 n. ① a group of criminals or hoodlums who band together for mutual protection and profit ② a group of adolescents who band together, especially a group of delinquents vi. ③ to band together as a group or gang vt. ④ to arrange or assemble into a group, as for simultaneous operation or production

hovercraft [ˈhʌvərkræft]

中 n. (水陆两用) 气垫船 英 a vehicle that is supported above the surface of land or water by a cushion of air produced by downwardly directed fans

verdict [ˈvɜːrdɪkt]

中 n. (法律上的) 裁定，裁决 英 the finding of a jury in a trial

sponge [spʌndʒ]

中 n. (海中动物) 海绵；(用于清洗的) 海绵，海绵状物 vt. 擦拭 vi. 捕 海绵 英 n. ① any of numerous aquatic, chiefly marine invertebrate animals of the phylum Porifera, characteristically having a porous skeleton composed of fibrous material or siliceous or calcareous spicules and often forming irregularly shaped colonies attached to an underwater surface ② the light, fibrous, flexible, absorbent skeleton of certain of these organisms, used for bathing, cleaning, and other purposes vt. ③ to moisten, wipe, or clean with or as if with a sponge vi. ④ to fish for sponges

eruption [ɪ ˈrʌpʃn]

中 n. (火山等的) 喷发；爆发 英 ① the act or process of erupting ② a sudden, often violent outburst 同 blast, outbreak

growl [graʊl]

中 n. (狗等) 嗥叫；低吼，咆哮 vi. 低吼；愤愤不平地抱怨 vt. 低吼着说 英 n. ① the low, guttural, menacing sound made by an animal ② a gruff, surly utterance vi. ③ to emit a low, guttural sound or utterance ④ to speak in an angry or surly manner vt. ⑤ to utter by growling 同 roar, shout, snarl, thunder

muzzle [ˈmʌzl]

中 n. (狗等的) 鼻口部；(动物的) 口套；喷嘴 vt. 给...戴上口套；封 锁...的言论 英 n. ① the forward, projecting part of the head of certain animals, such as dogs, including the mouth, nose, and jaws; the snout ② a leather or wire restraining appliance that, when fitted over an animal's snout, prevents biting and eating ③ the forward, discharging end of the barrel of a firearm vt. ④ to put a muzzle on (an animal) ⑤ to restrain from expression

pith [pɪθ]

中 n. (羽毛的) 髓质；(木) 髓 vt. 除去 (茎) 中的髓 vi. 破坏脊髓 英 n. ① the soft inner substance of a feather or hair ② the soft, spongelike, central cylinder of the stems of most flowering plants, composed mainly of parenchyma vt. ③ to remove the pith from (a plant stem) vi. ④ to sever or destroy the spinal cord of, usually by means of a needle inserted into the vertebral canal

hem [hem]

中 n. (衣服等的) 褶边，褶缝；下摆，底边 vt. 给...镶边，缝...的褶边； 包围，围困 英 n. ① an edge or a border on a piece of cloth, especially a finished edge, as for a garment or curtain, made by folding the selvage edge under and stitching it down ② the height or level of the bottom edge of a skirt, dress, or coat; a hemline vt. ③ to fold back and stitch down the edge of ④ to surround and shut in, enclose

spaniel [ˈspænjəl]

中 n. (长毛垂耳的狗)；走狗 英 ① any of several breeds of small-sized to medium-sized dogs, usually having drooping ears, short legs, and a wavy, silky coat ② a docile or servile person

trot [trɑːt]

中 n. (马等四足动物的) 小跑 vi. 小跑 英 n. ① the gait of a horse or other four-footed animal, between a walk and a canter in speed, in which diagonal pairs of legs move forward together vi. ② to go or move at a trot 同 bound, run, sprint

ridicule [ˈrɪdɪkjuːl]

中 n. / vt. 嘲笑，愚弄 英 n. ① words or actions intended to evoke contemptuous laughter at or feelings toward a person or thing vt. ② to expose to ridicule; make fun of 同 banter, gibe, jeer, mock, scoff, sneer, taunt

reverence [ˈrevərəns]

中 n. / vt. 尊敬，敬畏 英 n. ① a feeling of profound awe and respect and often love; veneration vt. ② to consider or treat with profound awe and respect; venerate 同 awe, fear, veneration; awe, fear, venerate

threat [θret]

中 n. / vt. 恐吓，威胁 英 n. an expression of an intention to inflict pain, injury, evil, or punishment vt. to threaten 同 menace, terror, browbeat, intimidate, menace

sock [sɑːk]

中 n. [-s/-x]短袜 vt. 给...穿短袜 英 n. ① [pl. socks or sox] a short stocking reaching a point between the ankle and the knee vt. ② to provide with socks

scissor [ˈsɪzər]

中 n. [-s] 剪刀；剪刀腿 vt. 剪断 英 n. ① [scissors](used with a sing. or pl. verb) a cutting implement consisting of two blades joined by a swivel pin that allows the cutting edges to be opened and closed ② any of various gymnastic exercises or jumps in which the movement of the legs suggests the opening and closing of scissors vt. ③ to cut or clip with scissors or shears 【考点精析】scissors are to cut 功能关系。"剪刀"是用来"剪"的。

puritan [ˈpjʊrɪtən]

中 n. [p-] 清教徒 adj. 清教徒的，清教主义的 英 n. [Puritan] ① a member of a group of English Protestants who in the 16th and 17th centuries advocated strict religious discipline along with simplification of the ceremonies and creeds of the Church of England adj. ② of or relating to the Puritans or Puritanism

swarm [swɔːrm]

中 n. 一大群；蜂群 vi. 成群移动或出现；云集，涌向 vt. 挤满 英 n. ① a large number of insects or other small organisms, especially when in motion ② a group of bees with a queen bee in migration to establish a new colony vi. ③ to move or emerge in a swarm ④ to move or gather in large numbers vt. ⑤ to fill with a crowd 同 cluster, gather, throng; assemble, cluster, collect, gather, throng

pack [pæk]

中 n. 一捆，一包；背包；一套，一副；兽群 vt. 包，捆；打包，装 (箱)；装 满；包装；挤满 vi. 包装，捆扎；能包装，适于装运；结块，集成堆 英 n. ① a collection of items tied up or wrapped, a bundle ② a container made to be carried on the back of a person or an animal ③ a complete set of related items ④ a group of animals, such as dogs or wolves, that run and hunt together vt. ⑤ to fold, roll, or combine into a bundle; wrap up ⑥ to put into a receptacle for transporting or storing ⑦ to fill up with items ⑧ to process and put into containers in order to preserve, transport, or sell ⑨ to bring together (persons or things) closely, crowd together vi. ⑩ to place one's belongings in boxes or luggage for transporting or storing ⑪ to be susceptible of compact storage ⑫ to form lumps or masses, become compacted

terrier [ˈteriər]

中 n. 一种灵敏的小猎狗 英 any of several typically small, active breeds of hunting dog originally developed for driving game from burrows 【考点精析】Snake is to python as dog is to terrier. 种属关系。"蟒 蛇"属于"蛇"，"小猎狗" 属于"狗"。

crew [kruː]

中 n. 一组工作人员；全体船员；全体机务人员 vi. 当船员，当机务人员 英 n. ① a group of people working together ② all personnel operatingor serving aboard a ship ③ all personnel operating or serving aboard an aircraft in flight vi. ④ to serve as a member of a crew

kaleidoscope [kəˈlaɪdəskoʊp]

中 n. 万花筒；一系列变化的阶段或事件，千变万化 英 ① a tube-shaped optical instrument that is rotated to produce a succession of symmetrical designs by means of mirrors reflecting the constantly changing patterns made by bits of colored glass at one end of the tube ② a series of changing phases or events 【考点精析】glass is to kaleidoscope 组成关系。"万花筒"是由"玻 璃"组成的。 【知识拓展】万花筒，一种光学玩具，将有鲜艳颜色的实物放于圆筒 的一端，圆筒中间放置三棱镜，另一端用开孔的玻璃密封，由孔中 看去即可观测到对称的美丽图像。万花筒的原理在于光的反射，利 用镜面把光反射来形成图像。近似万花筒的成像原理，中国人在远 古时代就已经掌握。

triad [ˈtraɪæd]

中 n. 三个一组，三合一；三和弦 英 ① a group of three ② a chord of three tones, especially one built on a given root tone plus a major or minor third and a perfect fifth

scarcity [ˈskersəti]

中 n. 不足，短缺；稀少，罕见 英 ① insufficiency of amount or supply; shortage ② rarity of appearance or occurrence 同 meagerness, shortage, sparsity

dearth [dɜːrθ]

中 n. 不足，短缺；饥荒 英 ① a scarce supply, a lack ② shortage of food, famine 同 lack, scarcity, shortage

tyrant [ˈtaɪrənt]

中 n. 专制君主；暴君 英 ① an absolute ruler who governs without restrictions ② a ruler who exercises power in a harsh, cruel manner 同 despot, oppressor

silk [sɪlk]

中 n. 丝；丝线，丝织物 adj. 丝的 vi. 抽穗丝，(玉米) 长须 英 n. ① a fine, lustrous fiber composed mainly of fibroin and produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons, especially the strong, elastic, fibrous secretion of silkworms used to make thread and fabric ② thread or fabric made from this fiber adj. ③ composed of or similar to the fiber or the fabric silk vi. ④ (used of corn) to develop silk

foe [foʊ]

中 n. 个人的仇敌；敌军；对抗者，反对者；危害物，障碍物 英 ① a personal enemy ② an enemy in war ③ an adversary, an opponent ④ something that serves to oppose, injure, or impede 同 adversary, antagonist, enemy, opponent

miter [ˈmaɪtər]

中 n. 主教冠；束发带 vt. 给主教加冠；使斜接 vi. 斜拼接 英 n. ① the liturgical headdress and part of the insignia of a Christian bishop; in the Western church it is a tall pointed hat with peaks in front and back, worn at all solemn functions ② a thong for binding the hair, worn by women in ancient Greece vt. ③ to bestow a miter upon ④ to make (two pieces or surfaces) join with a miter joint vi. ⑤ to meet in a miter joint

subjectivity [ˌsʌbdʒekˈtɪvəti]

中 n. 主观性；主观主义，主观论 英 ① the quality of being subjective ② the doctrine that all knowledge is restricted to the conscious self and its sensory states; a theory or doctrine that emphasizes the subjective elements in experience; the theory that individual conscience is the only valid standard of moral judgment

protagonist [prəˈtægənɪst]

中 n. 主角；重要人物；领导者，倡导者 英 ① the main character in a drama or other literary work ② a leading or principal figure ③ the leader of a cause; a champion 同 booster, champion, supporter

wrangler [ˈræŋglər]

中 n. 争吵者；牛仔 英 ① one who wrangles or quarrels ② a cowboy or cowgirl, especially one who tends saddle horses

controversy [ˈkɑːntrəvɜːrsi]

中 n. 争议；争论，辩论 英 ① dispute, especially a public one, between sides holding opposing views ② the act or practice of engaging in such disputes 同 argument, dispute, debate, quarrel

enterprise [ˈentərpraɪz]

中 n. 事业；企业，公司；进取心，事业心；冒险精神 英 ① an undertaking, especially one of some scope, complication, and risk ② a business organization ③ industrious, systematic activity, especially when directed toward profit ④ willingness to undertake new ventures 同 ambition, endeavor, undertaking, venture

forethought [ˈfɔːrθɔːt]

中 n. 事先考虑；深谋远虑 英 ① deliberation, consideration, or planning beforehand ② preparation or thought for the future 同 preconsideration

limerick [ˈlɪmərɪk]

中 n. 五行打油诗 英 a light humorous, nonsensical, or bawdy verse of five anapestic lines usually with the rhyme scheme aabba 【考点精析】Skit is to play as limerick is to poem. 正式与非正式的关 系。"滑稽短剧"是一种非正式的"戏剧"，"打油诗"是一种非正式 的"诗歌"。

pentagon [ˈpentəgɑːn]

中 n. 五边形；(美国国防部的) 五角大楼 英 ① a polygon having five sides and five interior angles ② (the Pentagon) the United States military establishment

quintet [kwɪnˈtet]

中 n. 五重唱，五重奏 英 a composition for five voices or instruments

linen [ˈlɪnɪn]

中 n. 亚麻线；亚麻布 adj. 亚麻的 英 n. ① thread made from fibers of the flax plant ② cloth woven from this thread adj. ③ made of flax or linen 【考点精析】Flax is to linen as sheep is to wool. 物体及其原料的关 系。"亚麻布"来自"亚麻"这种植物，"羊毛"来源于"绵羊"。

flax [flæks]

中 n. 亚麻；亚麻纤维 英 ① any of several plants of the genus Linum, especially the widely cultivated L. usitatissimum, having blue flowers, seeds that yield linseed oil, and slender stems from which a textile fiber is obtained ② the fine, lightcolored textile fiber obtained from this plant 【考点精析】Flax is to linen as sheep is to wool. 物品及其原料的关 系。"亚麻布"来自"亚麻"这种植物，"羊毛"来源于"绵羊"。

symphony [ˈsɪmfəni]

中 n. 交响乐，交响曲；序曲，插曲；交响乐团；交响音乐会；和谐的东 西 英 ① an extended piece in three or more movements for symphony orchestra, essentially a large-scale, complex sonata; an instrumental passage in a vocal or choral composition ② an instrumental overture or interlude, as in early opera ③ a symphony orchestra ④ an orchestral concert ⑤ something characterized by a harmonious combination of elements 【考点精析】Movement is to symphony as act is to play. 组成关系。"乐 章"组成了"交响乐"，"剧幕"组成了"戏剧"。movement 在此指"乐 章"。

conversation [ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃn]

中 n. 交谈，谈话；非正式会谈 英 ① a spoken exchange of thoughts, opinions, and feelings; a talk ② an informal discussion of a matter by representatives of governments, institutions, or organizations

industry [ˈɪndəstri]

中 n. 产业，工业；行业；勤劳，勤勉 英 ① commercial production and sale of goods ② a specific branch of manufacture and trade ③ energetic devotion to a task or an endeavor; diligence 同 diligence, hard-working

hedonist [ˈhiːdənɪst ]

中 n. 享乐主义者 英 someone who believes that pleasure is the most important thing in life

humanist [ˈhjuːmənɪst]

中 n. 人文主义学者；人道主义者，人本主义者 英 ① a classical scholar, a student of the liberal arts ② a believer in the principles of humanism, one who is concerned with the interests and welfare of human beings

marvel [ˈmɑːrvl]

中 n. 令人感到惊奇的事物，奇异的事物 vi. 大为惊奇 vt. 惊异于...， 对...感到不解 英 n. ① one that evokes surprise, admiration, or wonder vi. ② to become filled with wonder or astonishment vt. ③ to feel amazement or bewilderment at or about 同 appal, astonish, astound, dismay, fossilize, paralyze, petrify, shock, startle, stiffen, stun

ream [riːm]

中 n. 令：纸张的一种计数单位 英 a quantity of paper, formerly 480 sheets, now 500 sheets or, in a printer's ream,516 sheets

moderator [ˈmɑːdəreɪtər]

中 n. 仲裁者；会议主席，节目主持人 英 ① one that moderates, one that arbitrates or mediates ② one who presides over a meeting, forum, or debate

nomination [ˌnɑːmɪ ˈneɪʃn]

中 n. 任命；提名；被提名 英 ① the act or an instance of appointing a person to office ② the act or an instance of submitting a name for candidacy or appointment ③ the state of being nominated 同 appointment, choice, designation, naming, selection

recess [rɪ ˈses]

中 n. 休息，暂时停顿；休息期；壁龛，凹室 vt. 将...放入壁龛；暂停 vi. 暂停 英 n. ① a temporary cessation of the customary activities of an engagement, occupation, or pursuit ② the period of such cessation ③ an alcove vt. ④ to place in a recess ⑤ to suspend for a recess vi. ⑥ to take a recess 同 adjourn, hesitate, pause, rest

conference [ˈkɑːnfərəns]

中 n. 会议，商讨会；讨论，会谈；协商会议；宗教集会；体育联盟 英 ① a meeting for consultation or discussion ② an exchange of views ③ a meeting of committees to settle differences between two legislative bodies ④ an assembly of clerical or of clerical and lay members from a particular district in various Protestant churches ⑤an association of teams

legend [ˈledʒənd]

中 n. 传说，传奇故事；民间传奇文学；插图中的说明性文字；地图或 海图等的图例 英 ① an unverified story handed down from earlier times, especially one popularly believed to be historical ② a body or collection of such stories ③ an explanatory caption accompanying an illustration ④ an explanatory table or list of the symbols appearing on a map or chart 同 myth, fable, story

scar [skɑːr]

中 n. 伤疤；(肉体上或精神上的) 创伤 vt. 使有疤痕；给...留下创伤 vi. 结疤；留下疤痕 英 n. ① a mark left on the skin after a surface injury or wound has healed ② a lingering sign of damage or injury, either mental or physical vt. ③ to mark with a scar ④ to leave lasting signs of damage on vi. ⑤ to form a scar ⑥ to become scarred

counterfeiter [ˈkaʊntərfɪtər]

中 n. 伪造者 英 a person who counterfeits things

forgery [ˈfɔːrdʒəri]

中 n. 伪造，假冒；伪造品，赝品 英 ① the act of forging, especially the illegal production of something counterfeit ② something counterfeit, forged, or fraudulent 同 counterfeit, imitation

paradox [ˈpærədɑːks]

中 n. 似非而可能正确的评论；自相矛盾的人或事；逆说，悖论 英 ① a seemingly contradictory statement that may nonetheless be true ② one exhibiting inexplicable or contradictory aspects ③ an assertion that is essentially self-contradictory, though based on a valid deduction from acceptable premises

whisper [ˈwɪspər]

中 n. 低语，耳语，轻声细语；(风、树叶等的) 飒飒声 英 ① soft speech produced without full voice ② a low rustling sound

hospitalization [ˌhɑːspɪtələˈzeɪʃn]

中 n. 住院治疗 英 the act of placing a person in a hospital as a patient

juvenilia [ˌdʒuːvəˈnɪliə]

中 n. 作家或艺术家少年时代的文艺作品 英 works, particularly written or artistic works, produced in an author's or artist's youth

herald [ˈherəld]

中 n. 使者，报信者；预兆者；(君主的) 传令官 vt. 公布，宣布 英 n. ① a person who carries or proclaims important news, a messenger ② one that gives a sign or indication of something to come, a harbinger ③ an official formerly charged with making royal proclamations and bearing messages of state between sovereigns vt. ④ to proclaim, announce 同 announcer, forerunner, prophecy; announce

provision [prəˈvɪʒn]

中 n. 供应；供应品；准备；条款 vt. 为...提供必需品 英 n. ① the act of supplying or fitting out ② something provided ③ a preparatory action or measure ④ a stipulation or qualification, especially a clause in a document or an agreement vt. ⑤ to supply with provisions

conservation [ˌkɑːnsərˈveɪʃn]

中 n. 保护，保存；(自然资源) 保护；(质量或能量) 守恒 英 ① the act or process of conserving, preservation from loss, damage, or neglect ② the controlled use and systematic protection of natural resources, such as forests, soil, and water systems ③ the maintenance of a physical quantity, such as energy or mass, during a physical or chemical change

credit [ˈkredɪt]

中 n. 信心，信任；信誉，信用；荣誉；赞同，赞扬；学分；赊欠，赊账 vt. 相信，信任；把...归于 英 n. ① belief or confidence in the truth of something ② a reputation for sound character or quality, standing ③ a source of honor or distinction ④ approval for an act, ability, or quality, praise ⑤ a unit of study so certified ⑥ an arrangement for deferred payment of a loan or purchase vt. ⑦ to believe in, trust ⑧ to regard as having performed an action or being endowed with a quality

confidence [ˈkɑːnfɪdəns]

中 n. 信赖，信任；私事，秘密；信心，自信；确信，有把握 adj. 欺诈的 英 n. ① trust or faith in a person or thing ② that which is confided ③ a feeling of assurance, especially of self-assurance ④ the state or quality of being certain adj. ⑤ of, relating to, or involving a swindle or fraud 同 aplomb, assurance, self-possession

loan [loʊn]

中 n. 借出物；贷款 vt. 借出 英 n. ① something lent for temporary use ② a sum of money lent at interest vt. ③ to lend 同 lend

pseudonym [ˈsuːdənɪm]

中 n. 假名，笔名 英 a fictitious name assumed by an author; a pen name 同 anonym

falsification [ˌfɔːlsɪfɪ ˈkeɪʃn]

中 n. 做假，伪造 英 the action of falsifying

hypnotist [ˈhɪpnətɪst]

中 n. 催眠师 英 someone who hypnotizes people 【考点精析】Anesthesiologist is to sedate as hypnotist is to spell. 专业 人士及其行为效果的作用。"麻醉师"用麻醉剂"使人镇静"，"催眠 师"使用咒语"使人入迷"。

deadlock [ˈdedlɑːk]

中 n. 僵局，僵持 英 a standstill resulting from the opposition of two unrelenting forces or factions 同 dead end, impasse, stalemate, standstill

element [ˈelɪmənt]

中 n. 元素，要素 英 a fundamental, essential, or irreducible constituent of a composite entity 同 component, constituent, ingredient

sibling [ˈsɪblɪŋ]

中 n. 兄弟姐妹 英 one of two or more individuals having one or both parents in common; a brother or sister

optician [ɑːpˈtɪʃn]

中 n. 光学仪器制造者；眼镜商 英 ① one that makes lenses and eyeglasses ② one that sells lenses, eyeglasses, and other optical instruments

outfit [ˈaʊtfɪt]

中 n. 全套装备；全套服装；装备，配备 vt. 为...提供装备 英 n. ① a set of tools or equipment for a specialized purpose ② a set of clothing, often with accessories ③ the act of equipping vt. ④ to provide with necessary equipment

sprint [sprɪnt]

中 n. 全速短跑；速度或活动的突然爆发 vi. 冲刺 英 n. ① a short race at top speed ② a burst of speed or activity vi. ③ to run or move at top speed for a brief period 同 dash

document [ˈdɑːkjumənt]

中 n. 公文，文件，文献；证件，单据 英 ① a written or printed paper that bears the original, official, or legal form of something and can be used to furnish decisive evidence or information ② something, such as a recording or a photograph, that can be used to furnish evidence or information 同 certificate, paper, writing

ram [ræm]

中 n. 公羊；撞击装置 vt. 猛击，撞击 英 n. ① a male sheep ② any of several devices used to drive, batter, or crush by forceful impact vt. ③ to strike or drive against with a heavy impact 【考点精析】Ewe is to ram as goose is to gander. (同一种动物的)公与 母关系。"母羊"对"公羊"相当于"母鹅"对"公鹅"。这也是SSAT 常考 的一个关系。

gander [ˈgændər]

中 n. 公鹅 英 a male goose 【考点精析】Ewe is to ram as goose is to gander. ( 同一种动物的)公与 母关系。"母羊"对"公羊"相当于"母鹅"对"公鹅"。这也是SSAT 常考 的一个关系。

incarceration [ɪnˌkɑːrsəˈreɪʃn]

中 n. 关进监狱，禁闭 英 the action of putting into jail

den [den]

中 n. 兽穴；藏身处；贼窝 英 ① the shelter or retreat of a wild animal ② a cave or hollow used as a refuge or hiding place ③ a hidden or squalid dwelling place 【考点精析】Den is to tiger as apiary is to bee. 动物及其居住地。"老 虎"住在"洞穴"里，"蜜蜂"住在"蜂窝"里。

flock [flɑːk]

中 n. 兽群，鸟群；群众；大堆或大量 vi. 成群或成堆地聚集或行进 英 n. ① a group of animals that live, travel, or feed together ② a group of people under the leadership of one person, especially the members of a church ③ a large crowd or number vi. ④ to congregate or travel in a flock or crowd

impostor [ɪmˈpɑːstər]

中 n. 冒名顶替的人，骗子 英 one who engages in deception under an assumed name or identity

venture [ˈventʃər]

中 n. 冒险，冒险事业；商业投机 英 ① an undertaking that is dangerous, daring, or of uncertain outcome ② a business enterprise involving some risk in expectation of gain 同 adventure, attempt, project, undertaking

surfboard [ˈsɜːrfbɔːrd]

中 n. 冲浪板 英 a long, narrow, somewhat rounded board, used for surfing

warrant [ˈwɔːrənt]

中 n. 准许，授权，批准；担保，凭据 vt. 担保，保证 英 n. ① authorization or certification; sanction, as given by a superior ② something that provides assurance or confirmation vt. ③ to guarantee or attest to the quality, accuracy, or condition of

curd [kɜːrd]

中 n. 凝乳 v. (使) 凝结，(使) 成凝乳 英 n. ① the part of milk that coagulates when the milk sours or is treated with enzymes v. ② to form or cause to form into curd 【考点精析】Clot is to blood as curd is to milk. 固体和液体的关系。"血 块"是"血"的凝结，"凝乳"是"牛奶"的凝结。

stool [stuːl]

中 n. 凳子；矮凳，脚凳 vi. 长出新枝，发出新芽 英 n. ① a backless and armless single seat supported on legs or a pedestal ② a low bench or support for the feet or knees in sitting or kneeling, as a footrest vi. ③ to send up shoots or suckers

egress [ˈiːgres]

中 n. 出去，外出；出口，出路 vi. 出去；出现 英 n. ① the act of coming or going out, emergence ② a path or opening for going out, an exit vi. ③ to go out, emerge 同 come forth, come out, exit

occurrence [əˈkɜːrəns]

中 n. 出现，发生；发生的事情 英 ① the act or an instance of occurring ② something that takes place

molecule [ˈmɑːlɪkjuːl]

中 n. 分子；小粒 英 ① the smallest particle into which an element or a compound can be divided without changing its chemical and physical properties; a group of like or different atoms held together by chemical forces ② a small particle; a tiny bit 【考点精析】Atom is to molecule as earth is to sun. 小与大的关系。"原 子"小，"分子"大； "地球"小，"太阳"大。

dispersion [dɪ ˈspɜːrʒn]

中 n. 分散，传播；弥散；(标准) 差量 英 ① the act or process of dispersing, the state of being dispersed ② separation of a complex wave into its component parts according to a given characteristic, such as frequency or wavelength ③ the degree of scatter of data, usually about an average value, such as the median

physician [fɪ ˈzɪʃn]

中 n. 医生；内科医生；医治者，抚慰者 英 ① a person licensed to practice medicine, a medical doctor ② a person who practices general medicine as distinct from surgery ③ a person who heals or exerts a healing influence

fission [ˈfɪʃn]

中 n. 分裂，裂开；【物】 (核) 裂变；【生】分裂生殖 英 ① the act or process of splitting into parts ② a nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus, especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium, splits into fragments, usually two fragments of comparable mass, with the evolution of from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of energy ③ an asexual reproductive process in which a unicellular organism divides into two or more independently maturing daughter cells

decomposition [ˌdiːkɑːmpəˈzɪʃn]

中 n. 分解；分裂；腐烂 英 ① the act or result of decomposing ② separation into constituents by chemical reaction ③ breakdown or decay of organic materials 同 decay, disintegration, putrefaction, rot

incision [ɪnˈsɪʒn]

中 n. 切入；切割手术；手术疤痕；切口，刻痕；锋利 英 ① the act of incising ② a cut into a body tissue or organ, especially one made during surgery ③ the scar resulting from such a cut ④ a notch, as in the edge of a leaf ⑤ the condition or quality of being incisive; incisiveness 同 result of cutting

profit [ˈprɑːfɪt]

中 n. 利益，裨益，好处；利润，净利 vi. 创利润；获利，得益 vt. 有益 于 英 n. ① an advantageous gain or return; benefit ② the return received on a business undertaking after all operating expenses have been met; the return received on an investment after all charges have been paid vi. ③ to make a gain or profit ④ to derive advantage; benefit vt. ⑤ to be beneficial to 同 advantage, benefit, gain, proceeds; benefit, gain

molding [ˈmoʊldɪŋ]

中 n. 制模；模铸品 英 ① the act or process of molding ② something that is molded

mechanic [məˈkænɪk]

中 n. 制造工 英 a worker skilled in making, using, or repairing machines, vehicles, and tools

lunge [lʌndʒ]

中 n. 刺，戳；冲，扑 vi. 突刺；突然向前冲 (扑) vt. 使...突刺 英 n. ① a sudden thrust or pass, as with a sword ② a sudden forward movement or plunge vi. ③ to make a sudden thrust or pass ④ to move with a sudden thrust vt. ⑤ to cause (someone) to lunge

scale [skeɪl]

中 n. 刻度；刻度尺，秤；比例；规模，程度；鳞，鳞片；鳞状物 vt. 按比 例绘制；调整 vi. 爬，攀登；逐渐增高 英 n. ① a system of ordered marks at fixed intervals used as a reference standard in measurement ② an instrument or device bearing such marks ③ a calibrated line, as on a map or an architectural plan, indicating such a proportion ④ a relative level or degree ⑤ one of the many small, platelike dermal or epidermal structures that characteristically form the external covering of fishes, reptiles, and certainmammals ⑥ a similar part, such as one of the minute structures overlapping to form the covering on the wings of butterflies and moths vt. ⑦ to make in accord with a particular proportion or scale ⑧ to alter according to a standard or by degrees; adjust in calculated amounts vi. ⑨ to climb; ascend ⑩ to rise in steps or stages

nick [nɪk]

中 n. 刻痕，缺口 vt. 刻痕于...，弄缺 (刀口等) 英 n. ① a shallow notch, cut, or indentation on an edge or a surface vt. ② to cut a nick or notch in 同 cut, indentation, notch

score [skɔː]

中 n. 刻痕；记分；得分；(考试中的) 分数，成绩；20 个一组 vt. 划下痕 迹，刻下记号；划线取消；在...中得分 vi. 得分；记分 英 n. ① a notch or an incision, especially one that is made to keep a tally ② a usually numerical record of a competitive event ③ the total number of points made by each competitor or side in a contest, either final or at a given stage ④ a result, usually expressed numerically, of a test or examination ⑤ a group of 20 items vt. ⑥ to mark with lines or notches, especially for the purpose of keeping a record ⑦ to cancel or eliminate by or as if by superimposing lines ⑧ to gain (a point) in a game or contest vi. ⑨ to make a point in a game or contest ⑩ to keep the score of a game or contest

razor [ˈreɪzər]

中 n. 剃刀；电动剃须刀 英 ① a sharp-edged cutting instrument used especially for shaving the face or removing other body hair ② an electric instrument with vibrating or rotating blades used for shaving 【考点精析】Scalpel is to surgeon as razor is to barber. 人物及其工具 的关系。"外科医生"用"手术刀"，"理发师"用"剃刀"。

preface [ˈprefəs]

中 n. 前言，序言；开场白；序幕，开端 vt. 作序；开始 英 n. ① a preliminary statement or essay introducing a book that explains its scope, intention, or background and is usually written by the author ② an introductory section, as of a speech ③ something introductory; a preliminary vt. ④ to introduce by or provide with a preliminary statement or essay ⑤ to serve as an introduction to 同 preamble, prelude, prologue

sword [sɔːrd]

中 n. 剑，刀；造成死亡或毁灭的器械；武力 英 ① a weapon consisting typically of a long, straight or slightly curved, pointed blade having one or two cutting edges and set into a hilt ② an instrument of death or destruction ③ the use of force, as in war

playwright [ˈpleɪraɪt]

中 n. 剧作家 英 one who writes plays, a dramatist

plagiarist [ˈpleɪdʒərɪst]

中 n. 剽窃的行为；剽窃者 英 ① the act of plagiarizing ② a person who plagiarizes

effort [ˈefərt]

中 n. 努力，尽力；努力的成果 英 ① the use of physical or mental energy to do something ②something done or produced through exertion, an achievement 同 attempt, endeavor, try, undertaking 【考点精析】Effort is to facile as thought is to inconsiderate."缺乏"关系。"不需要努力就能够得到的"意味着缺乏"努力"，"不体贴的"意味着缺乏"(为他人)着想"。

endeavor [ɪnˈdevər]

中 n. 努力，尽力；进取 英 ① a conscientious or concerted effort toward an end, an earnest attempt ② pur-poseful or industrious activity 同 attempt, effort, labor, struggle, try

fossil [ˈfɑːsl]

中 n. 化石；食古不化的人，过时的事物 adj. 化石的，化石性的；过时 的，陈旧的 英 n. ① a remnant or trace of an organism of a past geologic age, such as a skeleton or leaf imprint, embedded and preserved in the earth's crust ② one, such as a rigid theory, that is outdated or antiquated adj. ③ characteristic of or having the nature of a fossil ④ belonging to the past; antiquated

liter [ˈlɪtər]

中 n. 升 英 a metric unit of volume equal to approximately 1.056 liquid quarts, 0.908 dry quart, or 0.264 gallonS 【考点精析】Liter is to quart as meter is to yard. 同类关系。"公 升"和"夸脱"同属体积单位，"米"和"码"同属长度单位。

eminence [ˈemɪnəns]

中 n. 卓越，显赫；居高位者 英 ① a position of great distinction or superiority ② a person of high station or great achievements 同 distinction, preeminence

sentry [ˈsentri]

中 n. 卫兵，哨兵；守卫，看守 英 ① a guard, especially a soldier posted at a given spot to prevent the passage of unauthorized persons ② the duty of a sentry; watch

seal [siːl]

中 n. 印章；封印；印记；封蜡，封铅，封条；标记，证明；海豹 vt. 盖章； 封固，密封 vi. 猎捕海豹 英 n. ① a die or signet having a raised or incised emblem used to stamp an impression on a receptive substance such as wax or lead ② the impression so made ③ the design or emblem itself, belonging exclusively to the user ④ a small disk or wafer of wax, lead, or paper bearing such an imprint and affixed to a document to prove authenticity or to secure it ⑤ something, such as a commercial hallmark, that authenticates, confirms, or attests ⑥ any of various aquatic, carnivorous mammals of the families Phocidae and Otariidae, found chiefly in the Northern Hemisphere and having a sleek, torpedo-shaped body and limbs that are modified into paddlelike flippers vt. ⑦ to affix a seal to in order to prove authenticity or attest to accuracy, legal weight, quality, or another standard ⑧ to close with or as if with a seal vi. ⑨ to hunt seals

tepee [ˈtiːpiː]

中 n. 印第安人的圆锥形帐篷 英 a portable dwelling of certain Native American peoples, especially on the Great Plains, consisting of a conical framework of poles covered with skins or bark

jeopardy [ˈdʒepərdi]

中 n. 危险 英 risk of loss or injury; peril or danger 同 danger, risk, hazard

spawn [spɔːn]

中 n. 卵；大批生产的后代 vi. 产卵；大量繁殖后代 vt. 产 (卵) 英 n. ① the eggs of aquatic animals such as bivalve mollusks, fishes, and amphibians ② offspring occurring in numbers; brood ③ to deposit eggs; produce spawn vi. ④ to produce offspring in large numbers vt. ⑤ to produce or deposit (spawn)

dossier [ˈdɔːsieɪ]

中 n. 卷宗，档案 英 a collection of papers giving detailed information about a particular person or subject

pachyderm [ˈpækidɜːrm]

中 n. 厚皮类动物 英 any of various large, thick-skinned, hoofed mammals such as the elephant, rhinoceros, or hippopotamus 【知识拓展】厚皮类动物(Pachyderm)来源于希腊语"有厚皮肤的 (thick-skinned)"，这个术语以前被用作大象、犀牛、河马、貘和猪的 生物分类，现在则主要被用作模拟科学中大象的同义词。

couplet [ˈkʌplət]

中 n. 双句；一对 英 ① a unit of verse consisting of two successive lines, usually rhyming and having the same meter and often forming a complete thought or syntactic unit ② two similar things

reflection [rɪ ˈflekʃn]

中 n. 反射；深思熟虑的想法；沉思，深思；显示，结果 英 ① the act of reflecting or the state of being reflected ② a thought or an opinion resulting from such consideration ③ mental concentration; careful consideration ④ a manifestation or result 同 reflectivity; contemplation, meditation, rumination

disproof [dɪsˈpruːf]

中 n. 反证，反驳；反驳的证据 英 ① the act of refuting or disproving ② evidence that refutes or disproves

contradiction [ˌkɑːntrəˈdɪkʃn]

中 n. 反驳，抵触；否认；矛盾，不一致；矛盾体 英 ① the act of contradicting, the state of being contradicted ② a denial ③ in-consistency ④ something that contains contradictory elements 同 paradox

dynamo [ˈdaɪnəmoʊ]

中 n. 发电机；精力充沛的人 英 ① a generator, especially one for producing direct current ② an extremely energetic and forceful person

variance [ˈveriəns]

中 n. 变化，变动；差异 英 ① the act of varying; the state or quality of being variant or variable ② a difference between what is expected and what actually occurs 同 disagreement, discrepancy, divergence, variability

epic [ˈepɪk]

中 n. 史诗；史诗般的文学作品 adj. 史诗的；宏大的，壮丽的 英 n. ① an extended narrative poem in elevated or dignified language, celebrating the feats of a legendary or traditional hero ② a literary or dramatic composition that resembles an extended, narrative poem celebrating heroic feats adj. ③ of, constituting, having to do with, or suggestive of a literary epic ④ surpassing the usual or ordinary, particularly in scope or size 【考点精析】Epic is to haiku as symphony is to song. 并列关系。"史 诗"和"日本俳句诗"是并列的诗歌形式，"交响乐"和"歌曲"是并列的 音乐形式。

stoker [ˈstoʊkər]

中 n. 司炉，烧炉工人；加煤机 英 ① one who is employed to feed fuel to and tend a furnace, as on a steam locomotive or a steamship ② a mechanical device for feeding coal to a furnace

mascot [ˈmæskɑːt]

中 n. 吉祥物，吉祥符 英 a person, an animal, or an object believed to bring good luck, especially one kept as the symbol of an organization such as a sports team

hammock [ˈhæmək]

中 n. 吊床；[=hummock]圆丘，土丘 英 ① a hanging, easily swung cot or lounge of canvas or heavy netting suspended between two trees or other supports ②(variant of hummock) a fertile area in the southern U.S. and especially Florida that is usually higher than its surroundings and that is characterized by hardwood vegetation and deep humus-rich soil 同 hillock, knoll, mound 【考点精析】Tent is to house as hammock is to bed. 一般与特殊的关 系。"帐篷"是一种临时性的非正式的"房子"，"吊床"是一种临时性 的非正式的"床"。

reputation [ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn]

中 n. 名声，声誉；好名声，声望 英 ① the general estimation in which a person is held by the public ② the state or situation of being held in high esteem 同 character, repute, trait 【考点精析】Reputation is to sullied as character is to smeared. 动宾关 系。名誉被玷污，人格被污蔑。

philosophy [fəˈlɑːsəfi]

中 n. 哲学；哲学体系；人生哲学 英 ① the investigation of causes and laws underlying reality, knowledge or values, based on logical reasoning rather than empirical methods ② a system of philosophical inquiry or demonstration ③ a system of values by which one lives

tumult [ˈtuːmʌlt]

中 n. 喧哗，吵闹；骚动，骚乱；暴动 英 ① the din and commotion of a great crowd ② a disorderly commotion or disturbance ③ a tempestuous uprising 同 clamor, commotion, din, disorder, noise, turmoil

din [dɪn]

中 n. 喧闹，嘈杂声 vt. 以喧闹声扰人；喋喋不休地说 vi. 喧闹 英 n. ① a jumble of loud, usually discordant sounds vt. ② to stun withdeafening noise ③ to instill by wearying repetition vi. ④ to make aloud noise 同 clamor, noise, racket, tumult, uproar

quadruped [ˈkwɑːdruped]

中 n. 四足动物 adj. 四足的 英 n. ① a four-footed animal adj. ② four-footed 【知识拓展】所有的两栖类动物、爬行类动物、鸟类、哺乳类动物以及 我们人类都有四肢，被统称为四足动物。四足动物是动物界最高等 的类群，它们都有脊椎骨，也都有盆骨连接着脊椎，用来支撑体重， 而且还都有能保护心脏和肺部的胸廓。四足动物通过鼻孔呼吸，其 四肢的顶端都由一根骨头组成，下面则都有一对骨头伸向手或脚， 并均具手指或脚趾。

wagon [ˈwægən]

中 n. 四轮运货车，四轮运货马车 英 a four-wheeled, usually horse-drawn vehicle with a large rectangular body, used for transporting loads

quartet [kwɔːrˈtet]

中 n. 四重奏，四重唱 英 a composition for four voices or instruments 【知识拓展】四重唱指四声部合唱的复音歌曲，由作曲家弗莱米斯于 1450 年左右创立。16世纪的许多歌曲，如《经文》、《弥撒曲》、《牧 歌》等，均由四部组成，以后有扩充为五部、六部甚至八部的结构。 17 世纪，四部合唱作品只用于英国的无伴奏的格利合唱和德国的 圣咏合唱。到了19 世纪，英国的合唱俱乐部倡导一种叫做a cappela 的无伴奏合唱，此类作品被认为是研究和声学及对位法的最佳途 径。

mass [mæs]

中 n. 团，块，堆；集结，集合；大量 vt. (被) 聚成团、块或堆 adj. 群众 的，人数极多的；大规模进行 (完成) 的；完整的，全部的 英 n. ① a unified body of matter with no specific shape ② a grouping of individual parts or elements that compose a unified body of unspecified size or quantity ③ a large but nonspecific amount or number vt. ④ to gather or be gathered into a mass adj. ⑤ of, relating to, characteristic of, directed at, or attended by a large number of people ⑥ done or carried out on a large scale ⑦ total, complete

predicament [prɪ ˈdɪkəmənt]

中 n. 困境，窘境；范畴 英 ① a situation, especially an unpleasant, troublesome, or trying one, from which extrication is difficult ② one of the basic states or classifications described by Aristotle into which all things can be placed; a category 同 pickle, plight, quandary

quandary [ˈkwɑːndəri]

中 n. 困惑，进退两难 英 a state of uncertainty or perplexity 同 dilemma, predicament

enclosure [ɪnˈkloʊʒər]

中 n. 围绕，包含；附件 (尤指信内的) 英 ① the act of enclosing, the state of being enclosed ② something enclosed 同 envelopment, inclosure

tenacity [təˈnæsəti]

中 n. 固执；坚韧，不屈不挠 英 the state or quality of being tenacious 同 courage, insistence, perseverance, persistence

ensign [ˈensən]

中 n. 国旗；军旗 英 ① a national flag displayed on ships and aircraft, often with the special insignia of a branch or unit of the armed forces ② a standard or banner, as of a military unit

mound [maʊnd]

中 n. 土石堆；土丘 vt. 用土石堆设防 英 n. ① a pile of earth, gravel, sand, rocks, or debris heaped for protection or concealment ② a natural elevation, such as a small hill vt. ③ to fortify or conceal with a mound

terrain [təˈreɪn]

中 n. 地带，地域 英 an area of land

horizon [həˈraɪzn ]

中 n. 地平线；眼界，见识 英 ① the apparent intersection of the earth and sky as seen by an observer ② the range of one's knowledge, experience, or interest 同 purview, skyline, view

territory [ˈterətɔːri]

中 n. 地方，地区；领土，版图，领地 英 ① an area of land; a region ② the land and waters under the jurisdiction of a government 同 area, country, district, region, section, zone

dungeon [ˈdʌndʒən]

中 n. 地牢 英 a dark, often underground chamber or cell used to confine prisoners 【考点精析】Dungeon is to castle as brig is to ship. 部分与整体的关系。"地牢"是"城堡"的一个部分，位于城堡下方，用于关押犯人"船舱下的小房"是"船"的一个部分，位于船的下方，用于关押犯人。

locator [loʊˈkeɪtər]

中 n. 地界设定者 英 one that locates, as a person who fixes the boundaries of mining claims

spot [spɑːt]

中 n. 场所；斑点；污渍，污点；位置 vt. 使有污点，弄脏；在...上饰以 斑点 vi. 带上斑点；沾上污渍 adj. 现场交易的，立即支付的 英 n. ① a place of relatively small and definite limits ② a mark on a surface differing sharply in color from its surroundings ③ a stain or blot ④ a location; a locale vt. ⑤ to cause a spot or spots to appear on, especially to soil with spots ⑥ to decorate with spots vi. ⑦ to become marked with spots ⑧ to cause a discoloration or make a stain adj. ⑨ of, relating to, or being a market in which payment or delivery is immediate

cushion [ˈkʊʃn]

中 n. 坐垫，靠垫；缓冲物 vt. 为...装垫子；保护；减缓...的效力，缓冲，减震 英 n. ① a pad or pillow with a soft filling, used for resting, reclining, or kneeling ② something that mitigates or relieves an adverse effect vt. ③ to provide with a cushion ④ to protect from impacts or other disturbing effects ⑤ to mitigate the effects of, absorb the shock of

livestock [ˈlaɪvstɑːk]

中 n. 家畜 英 domestic animals, such as cattle or horses, raised for home use or for profit, especially on a farm

pit [pɪt]

中 n. 坑，凹处；坑道，矿；矿井；陷阱 vt. 使留下疤痕；使对立 vi. 留下 凹痕；变麻脸 英 n. ① a natural or artificial hole or cavity in the ground ② an excavation for the removal of mineral deposits, a mine ③ the shaft of a mine ④ a concealed hole in the ground used as a trap, a pitfall vt. ⑤ to mark with cavities, depressions, or scars ⑥ to set in direct opposition or competition vi. ⑦ to become marked with pits ⑧ to retain an impression after being indented, used of the skin

nut [nʌt]

中 n. 坚果；坚果种子；坚果仁；狂热者 vi. 采坚果，拾坚果 英 n. ① an indehiscent, hard-shelled, one-loculated, one-seeded fruit, such as an acorn or a hazelnut ② a seed borne within a fruit having a hard shell, as in the peanut, almond, or walnut ③ the kernel of any of these ④ an enthusiast; a buff vi. ⑤ to gather or hunt for nuts

fort [fɔːrt]

中 n. 堡垒，要塞 英 a fortified place or position stationed with troops

plight [plaɪt]

中 n. 境况，困境 英 a situation, especially a bad or unfortunate one 同 difficult situation, dilemma, predicament

increment [ˈɪŋkrəmənt]

中 n. 增加；增加的东西；微量增加；累加 英 ① the process of increasing in number, size, quantity, or extent ② something added or gained ③ a slight, often barely perceptible augmentation ④ one of a series of regular additions or contributions

conformist [kənˈfɔːrmɪst]

中 n. 墨守成规者 adj. 墨守成规的 英 n. ① a person who uncritically or habitually conforms to the customs, rules, or styles of a group adj. ② marked by conformity or convention

recipe [ˈresəpi]

中 n. 处方；诀窍 英 ① a medical prescription ② a formula for or means to a desired end 同 formula, prescription

revival [rɪ ˈvaɪvl]

中 n. 复活，苏醒；复兴，再流行；(旧剧、电影等) 重演 英 ① the act or an instance of reviving; the condition of being revived ② a restoration to use, acceptance, activity, or vigor after a period of obscurity or quiescence ③ a new presentation of an old play, movie, opera, ballet, or similar vehicle 同 resurgence, revitalization

renaissance [ˈrenəsɑːns]

中 n. 复苏，复兴；文艺复兴 adj. 文艺复兴的 英 n. ① rebirth or revival ② [the Renaissance] the humanistic revival of classical art, architecture, literature, and learning that originated in Italy in the 14th century and later spread throughout Europe adj. ③ of, relating to, or characteristic of the Renaissance or its artistic and intellectual works and styles 【知识拓展】文艺复兴(意大利语：Rinascimento，源于拉丁语 renascere，由re-"重新"和nascere"出生"构成)是一场发生于14-17 世 纪的文化运动，在中世纪晚期发源于佛罗伦萨，后扩展至欧洲各 国。"文艺复兴"一词亦可指这一历史时期，但由于欧洲各地发生文 艺复兴的时间并非完全一致，故"文艺复兴"只是对这一时期的通 称。这场文化运动包括对古典文献的重新学习，在绘画上直线透视 法的发展，以及逐步而广泛开展的教育变革。

diplomat [ˈdɪpləmæt]

中 n. 外交官；善交际者 英 ① one, such as an ambassador, who has been appointed to represent a government in its relations with other governments ② one who uses skill and tact in dealing with others 【考点精析】Diplomat is to tact as gymnast is to agility. 人物及其正面 特征的关系。"外交官"的正面特征是"机敏"，"体操运动员"的正面特征是"灵活"。

surgeon [ˈsɜːrdʒən]

中 n. 外科医生 英 a physician specializing in surgery 【考点精析】Scalpel is to surgeon as cleaver is to butcher. 人物及其使 用工具的关系。 "外科医生"用"手术刀"，"屠夫"用"切肉刀"。

surgery [ˈsɜːrdʒəri]

中 n. 外科学；(外科) 手术 英 ① the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of injury, deformity, and disease by manual and instrumental means ② a surgical operation or procedure, especially one involving the removal or replacement of a diseased organ or tissue

polygon [ˈpɑːligɑːn]

中 n. 多边形，多角形 英 a closed plane figure bounded by three or more line segments

dam [dæm]

中 n. 大坝，水堤；障碍物 英 ① a barrier constructed across a waterway to control the flow or raise the level of water ② an obstruction, a hindrance 【考点精析】Dam is to flood as muffle is to noise. 物体及其作用对象的 关系。"大坝"用来防止"洪水"，"蒙盖物"用来掩盖"噪音"。

galleon [ˈgæliən]

中 n. 大型横帆船 英 a large three-masted sailing ship with a square rig and usually two or more decks, used from the 15th to 17th century especially by Spain as a merchant ship or warship

limb [lɪm]

中 n. 大树枝；肢 vt. 肢解 英 ① one of the larger branches of a tree ② one of the jointed appendages of an animal, such as an arm, a leg, a wing, or a flipper, used for locomotion or grasping ③ to dismember 同 branch, bough, twig

vat [væt]

中 n. 大桶，大盆，缸 英 a large vessel, such as a tub, cistern, or barrel, used to hold or store liquids

girder [ˈgɜːrdər]

中 n. 大梁 英 a horizontal beam, as of steel or wood, used as a main support for a building or bridge

ranch [ræntʃ]

中 n. 大牧场；专业牧场 vi. 经营牧场 英 n. ① an extensive farm, especially in the western United States, on which large herds of cattle, sheep, or horses are raised ② a large farm on which a particular crop or kind of animal is raised vi. ③ to manage or work on a ranch 同 farm, meadow

marble [ˈmɑːrbl]

中 n. 大理石；大理石雕 vt. 使...具有大理石般纹理 adj. 由变质岩构 成的 英 n. ① a metamorphic rock formed by alteration of limestone or dolomite, often irregularly colored by impurities, and used especially in architecture and sculpture ② a sculpture made from this rock vt. ③ to mottle and streak (paper, for example) with colors and veins in imitation of marble adj. ④ composed of metamorphic rock

nadir [ˈneɪdɪr]

中 n. 天底；最低点 英 ① a point on the celestial sphere directly below the observer, diametrically opposite the zenith ② the lowest point 同 the lowest point

prodigy [ˈprɑːdədʒi]

中 n. 天才；奇观，奇迹；预兆，异兆 英 ① a person with exceptional talents or powers ② an act or event so extraordinary or rare as to inspire wonder ③ a portentous sign or event; an omen 同 genius, marvel, miracle, omen, phenomenon, rarity, wonder

scuttle [ˈskʌtl]

中 n. 天窗，气窗；舷窗盖，天窗盖；煤桶 vt. 凿孔于；凿孔沉 (船) 英 n. ① a small opening or hatch with a movable lid in the deck or hull of a ship or in the roof, wall, or floor of a building ② the lid or hatch of such an opening ③ a metal pail for carrying coal vt. ④ to cut or open a hole or holes in (a ship's hull) ⑤ to sink (a ship) by this means

flair [fler]

中 n. 天赋，资质；敏锐的鉴别力；风雅，吸引人的特质 英 ① a natural talent or aptitude ② instinctive discernment ③ distinctive elegance or style 同 aptitude, genius, gift, talent

zenith [ˈzenɪθ]

中 n. 天顶；天体的最高点；最高点，顶点，巅峰 英 ① the point on the celestial sphere that is directly above the observer ② the highest point above the observer's horizon attained by a celestial body ③ the point of culmination 同 acme, apex, climax, peak, pinnacle, summit

morgue [mɔːrg]

中 n. 太平间，停尸房；资料库 英 ① a place in which the bodies of persons found dead are kept until identified and claimed or until arrangements for burial have been made ② a reference file in a newspaper or magazine office 【考点精析】Morgue is to corpse as library is to book. 位置关系。"尸 体"在"太平间"，"书" 在"图书馆"。

insomnia [ɪnˈsɑːmniə]

中 n. 失眠 (症) 英 chronic inability to fall asleep or remain asleep for an adequate length of time

helmet [ˈhelmɪt]

中 n. 头盔 vt. 给...提供或配戴头盔 英 n. ① a head covering of hard material, such as leather, metal, or plastic, worn by football players, firefighters, construction workers, motorcyclists, and others to protect the head vt. ② to provide with or put on a helmet

quart [kwɔːrt]

中 n. 夸脱 英 a unit of volume or capacity in the U.S. Customary System, used in liquid measure, equal to 1/4 gallon or 32 ounces (0.946 liter) 【考点精析】Pint is to quart as week is to year. 计量单位的大小关 系。"品脱"和"夸脱"同属体积单位，"星期"和"年"同属时间单位，而 且前者均比后者小。

eclair [ɪ ˈkler]

中 n. 夹有奶油的细长点心 英 an elongated pastry filled with custard or whipped cream and usually iced with chocolate 【考点精析】Eclair is to pastry as coffee is to beverage. 种属关系。"夹有奶油的细长点 心"是一种"点心"，"咖啡"是一种"饮料"。

purse [pɜːrs]

中 n. 女用小包，手提包；钱包 vt. 使皱眉，使撅嘴，使皱起 英 n. ① a woman's bag for carrying keys, a wallet, and other personal items; a handbag ② a small bag or pouch for carrying money vt. ③ to gather or contract (the lips or brow) into wrinkles or folds; pucker

soprano [səˈprɑːnoʊ]

中 n. 女高音，童声高音；女高音歌手，童声高音歌手 英 ① the highest singing voice of a woman or young boy ② a singer having such a voice

infant [ˈɪnfənt]

中 n. 婴儿，幼儿 adj. 婴儿期的；供婴儿使用的；初期的 英 n. ① a child in the earliest period of life, especially before he or she can walk adj. ② of or being in infancy ③ intended for infants or young children ④ newly begun or formed 同 initial, original, primary

kernel [ˈkɜːrnl]

中 n. 子，粒；核，仁 英 ① a grain or seed, as of a cereal grass, enclosed in a husk ② the inner, usually edible seed of a nut or fruit stone 同 core

serenity [səˈrenəti]

中 n. 安详，平静 英 the state or quality of being serene; tranquillity 同 peace, tranquillity

creed [kriːd]

中 n. 宗教信念；信条，教义 英 ① a formal statement of religious belief, a confession of faith ② a system of belief, principles, or opinions 同 credo, doctrine, gospel, tenet

definition [ˌdefɪ ˈnɪʃn]

中 n. 定义；释义，解释 英 ① a statement conveying fundamental character ② a statement of the meaning of a word, phrase, or term, as in a dictionary entry

stipend [ˈstaɪpend]

中 n. 定期津贴 英 a fixed and regular payment, such as a salary for services rendered or an allowance

gem [dʒem]

中 n. 宝石；宝物，珍品 vt. 用宝石装饰 英 n. ① a pearl or mineral that has been cut and polished for use as an ornament ② something that is valued for its beauty or perfection vt. ③ to adorn with or as if with precious or semiprecious stones 同 jewel

pragmatism [ˈprægmətɪzəm]

中 n. 实用主义运动；实用主义，实用观点 英 ① a movement consisting of varying but associated theories, originally developed by Charles S. Peirce and William James and distinguished by the doctrine that the meaning of an idea or a proposition lies in its observable practical consequences ② a practical, matter-of-fact way of approaching or assessing situations or of solving problems

practicality [ˌpræktɪ ˈkæləti]

中 n. 实际情况 英 the real facts of a situation rather than ideas about how it might be 同 virtuality

trial [ˈtraɪəl]

中 n. 审判，审讯；检验，试验 adj. 审判的，审讯的；尝试的，试验性 的 英 n. ① examination of evidence and applicable law by a competent tribunal to determine the issue of specified charges or claims ② the act or process of testing, trying, or putting to the proof adj. ③ of, relating to, or used in a trial 同 experiment, hardship, ordeal, tribulation, tryout

dictum [ˈdɪktəm]

中 n. 宣言，声明，名言 英 an authoritative, often formal, pronouncement 同 pronouncement

vermin [ˈvɜːrmɪn]

中 n. 害虫；有害的动物；害人虫，歹徒；成群的歹徒 英 ① various small animals or insects, such as rats or cockroaches, that are destructive, annoying, or injurious to health ② animals that prey on game, such as foxes or weasels ③ a person considered loathsome or highly offensive ④ such people considered as a group 同 pest

vessel [ˈvesl]

中 n. 容器；血管，脉管，导管；大船，轮船；(...的) 化身 英 ① a hollow utensil, such as a cup, vase, or pitcher, used as a container, especially for liquids ② a duct, canal, or other tube that contains or conveys a body fluid ③ a craft, especially one larger than a rowboat, designed to navigate on water ④ a person seen as the agent or embodiment 同 boat, container, receptacle

leniency [ˈliːniənsi]

中 n. 宽厚，仁慈 英 the condition or quality of being lenient 同 compassion, mercy, pity, sympathy

mansion [ˈmænʃn]

中 n. 宽敞而庄重的房子；庄园主宅地 英 ① a large, stately house ② a manor house

sidekick [ˈsaɪdkɪk]

中 n. 密友 英 a close companion or comrade

crony [ˈkroʊni]

中 n. 密友 英 a long-time close friend or companion 同 buddy, chum

dormitory [ˈdɔːrmətɔːri]

中 n. 寝室；宿舍楼 英 ① a room providing sleeping quarters for a number of persons ② a building for housing a number of persons, as at a school or resort

premonition [ˌpriːməˈnɪʃn]

中 n. 对未来的不祥预感，预兆；预先的警告 英 ① a presentiment of the future; a foreboding ② a warning in advance; a forewarning 同 forerunner, harbinger, messenger, omen, precursor present 中 [ˈpreznt] n. 礼物；赠品；现在，目前 adj. 现在的，目前的；出席的； 存在的 [prɪ ˈzent] vt. 引见，介绍；呈现，上演 英 n. ① something presented; a gift ② a moment or period in time perceptible as intermediate between past and future; now adj. ③ existing or happening now; current ④ being in attendance ⑤ existing in something specified vt. ⑥ to introduce, especially with formal ceremony ⑦ to bring before the public

temple [ˈtempl]

中 n. 寺，庙；圣坛，神殿；会所；殿堂 英 ① a building dedicated to religious ceremonies or worship ② something regarded as having within it a divine presence ③ a building used for meetings by any of several fraternal orders, especially the Knights Templars ④ a building reserved for a highly valued function

dignity [ˈdɪgnəti]

中 n. 尊贵，高贵；自信，尊严 英 ① the quality or state of being worthy of esteem or respect ② poiseand self-respect 同 gravitas, lordliness, self-esteem, self-regard, self-respect, self-worth

zany [ˈzeɪni]

中 n. 小丑，丑角 adj. 荒谬可笑的 英 n. ① a ludicrous, buffoonish character in old comedies who attempts feebly to mimic the tricks of the clown ② a comical person given to extravagant or outlandish behavior adj. ③ ludicrously comical

trivia [ˈtrɪviə]

中 n. 小事，琐事 英 insignificant or inessential matters 同 insignificance, trifle, triviality

serenade [ˌserəˈneɪd]

中 n. 小夜曲演奏；小夜曲 vt. 对...演奏小夜曲 vi. 演奏小夜曲 英 n. ① a complimentary performance given to honor or express love for someone ② an instrumental composition written for a small ensemble and having characteristics of the suite and the sonata vt. ③ to perform a serenade for vi. ④ to perform a serenade

pinnacle [ˈpɪnəkl]

中 n. 小尖塔，尖顶；高峰，山峰；最高点 vt. 在...建小尖塔；把...置于 小尖塔上 英 n. ① a small turret or spire on a roof or buttress ② a tall, pointed formation, such as a mountain peak ③ the highest point, the culmination vt. ④ to furnish with a pinnacle ⑤ to place on or as if on a pinnacle 同 acme, apex, climax, peak, summit, zenith

gully [ˈgʌli]

中 n. 小峡谷，冲沟 vt. 在...上冲出沟 vi. 形成冲沟 英 n. ① a deep ditch or channel cut in the earth by running water after a prolonged downpour vt. ② to wear a deep ditch or channel in vi. ③ to form a deep ditch or channel 同 ditch, gorge, gulch, ravine, valley

starlet [ˈstɑːrlət]

中 n. 小星星；年轻的女明星 英 ① a small star ② a young film actress publicized as a future star

cow [kaʊ]

中 n. 小母牛；大型雌性动物；家牛 vt. 威胁，恐吓 英 n. ① the mature female of cattle of the genus Bos ② the mature female of other large animals, such as whales, elephants, or moose ③ a domesticated bovine of either sex or any age vt. ④ to frighten with threats or a show of force 同 browbeat, bully, intimidate, menace, threaten

dot [dɑːt]

中 n. 小点；小数点；少量 英 ① a tiny round mark made by or as if by a pointed instrument ② a decimal point ③ a tiny amount

veal [viːl]

中 n. 小牛肉，牛犊肉 英 the meat of a calf

puppy [ˈpʌpi]

中 n. 小狗，幼犬；没有经验的年轻人 英 ① a young dog; a pup ② an inexperienced young person; a pup

novelist [ˈnɑːvəlɪst]

中 n. 小说作家 英 a writer of novels

fib [fɪb]

中 n. 小谎，无伤大雅的谎言 vi. 说瞎话，撒小谎 英 n. ① an insignificant or childish lie vi. ② to tell a lie

gosling [ˈgɑːzlɪŋ]

中 n. 小鹅；没有经验的年轻人 英 ① a young goose ② a naive or inexperienced young person

wheat [wiːt]

中 n. 小麦 英 a kind of annual cereal grasses 【知识拓展】小麦是小麦属植物的统称，是一种在世界各地广泛种植 的禾本科植物，起源于中东地区，于公元前2600 年从古伊朗经海路 传入中国，首先在胶东半岛种植。小麦是世界上总产量第二的粮食 作物，仅次于玉米，而稻米则排名第三。小麦的颖果是人类的主食 之一，磨成面粉后可制作面包、馒头、饼干、蛋糕、面条等食物；发 酵后可制成酒精以及各种酒类。

splinter [ˈsplɪntər]

中 n. 尖碎片；分裂的小群体 vi. 裂成碎片 vt. 使破碎 英 n. ① a sharp, slender piece, as of wood, bone, glass, or metal, split or broken off from a main body ② a splinter group vi. ③ to split or break into sharp, slender pieces; form splinters vt. ④ to cause to splinter

heathen [ˈhiːðn]

中 n. 异教徒 英 one who adheres to the religion of a people or nation that does not acknowledge the God of Judaism, Christianity, or Islam

stratum [ˈstreɪtəm]

中 n. 层；岩层；阶层 英 ① a horizontal layer of material, especially one of several parallel layers arranged one on top of another ② a bed or layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout ③ a level of society composed of people with similar social, cultural, or economic status 同 layer, level

roof [ruːf]

中 n. 屋顶；顶，顶部；(口腔等的) 顶部 vt. 给...盖上屋顶 英 n. ① the exterior surface and its supporting structures on the top of a building; the upper exterior surface of a dwelling as a symbol of the home itself ② the topcovering of something ③ the upper surface of an anatomical structure, especially one having a vaulted inner structure vt. ④ to furnish or cover with or as if with a roof

valley [ˈvæli]

中 n. 山谷；流域 英 ① an elongated lowland between ranges of mountains, hills, or other uplands, often having a river or stream running along the bottom ② an extensive area of land drained or irrigated by a river system 【考点精析】Mountain is to valley as genius is to idiot. 反义关系。"山 峰"与"山谷"，"天才"与"傻子"。

strand [strænd]

中 n. 岸，滨 vt. 使搁浅 vi. 搁浅 英 n. ① the land bordering a body of water; a beach vt. ② to drive or run ashore or aground vi. ③ to be driven or run ashore or aground

gorge [gɔːrdʒ]

中 n. 峡谷；狭窄入口；咽喉 vt. 塞满食物 vi. 狼吞虎咽 英 n. ① a deep, narrow passage with steep rocky sides; a ravine ② a narrow entrance into the outwork of a fortification ③ the throat, the gullet vt. ④ to stuff with food; glut vi. ⑤ to eat gluttonously 同 abysm, abyss, canyon, chasm, ravine

ingenuity [ˌɪndʒəˈnuːəti]

中 n. 巧妙，精巧；心灵手巧，独创性；精巧的发明 英 ① inventive skill or imagination; cleverness ② imaginative and clever design or construction ③ an ingenious or imaginative contrivance 同 cleverness, creativity, inventiveness

python [ˈpaɪθɑːn]

中 n. 巨蟒 英 any of various nonvenomous snakes of the family Pythonidae, found chiefly in Asia, Africa, and Australia, that coil around and suffocate their prey, and often attain lengths of 6 meters (20 feet) or more 【考点精析】Snake is to python as dog is to terrier. 种属关系。"蟒蛇"属 于"蛇"，"小猎狗"属于"狗"。

witch [wɪtʃ]

中 n. 巫婆，女巫 vt. 对...施巫术 英 n. ① a woman popularly believed to have supernatural powers and practice sorcery, and often believed to be aided by spirits or a familiar vt. ② to work or cast a spell on 【考点精析】Witch is to warlock as goose is to gander. 公母/ 男女关 系。"女巫"对"男巫"，"母鹅"对"公鹅"。

sermon [ˈsɜːrmən]

中 n. 布道，讲道；说教 英 ① a religious discourse delivered as part of a church service ② an often lengthy and tedious speech of reproof or exhortation 同 discourse, lecture

tent [tent]

中 n. 帐篷；帐篷状物 vi. 住帐蓬 vt. 用帐篷遮盖；给...提供帐篷，使 在帐篷里住宿 英 n. ① a portable shelter, as of canvas, stretched over a supporting framework of poles with ropes and pegs ② something resembling such a portable shelter in construction or outline vi. ③ to camp in a tent vt. ④ to form a tent over ⑤ to supply with or put up in tents

routine [ruːˈtiːn]

中 n. 常规，惯例；例行公事 adj. 常规的，例行公事的；习惯性的；平 凡的 英 n. ① a prescribed, detailed course of action to be followed regularly; a standard procedure ② a set of customary and often mechanically performed procedures or activities adj. ③ in accord with established procedure ④ habitual; regular ⑤ having no special quality; ordinary 同 arrangement, habit; habitual, ordinary, regular

drought [draʊt]

中 n. 干旱 英 a long period of abnormally low rainfall, especially one that adversely affects growing or living conditions 【考点精析】Drought is to water as famine is to food."缺乏"关系。"干 旱"就是缺乏"水"，"饥荒"就是缺乏"食物"。

era [ˈɪrə]

中 n. 年代；时代；纪元 英 ① a period of time as reckoned from a specific date serving as the basis of its chronological system ② a period of time characterized by particular circumstances, events, or personages ③ the longest division of geologic time, made up of one or more periods 同 age, epoch, period

humorist [ˈhjuːmərɪst]

中 n. 幽默者；幽默作家，滑稽演员 英 ① a person with a good sense of humor ② a performer or writer of humorous material

jar [dʒɑːr]

中 n. 广口坛子，罐；一罐 vt. 把...倒进罐子 英 n. ① a cylindrical glass or earthenware vessel with a wide mouth and usually no handles ② the amount that a jar can hold vt. ③ to put into a jar

prelude [ˈpreljuːd]

中 n. 序幕，先声；序曲，前奏曲 vt. 作为...的前奏或序幕；开始 vi. 作 为序幕或开端 英 n. ① an introductory performance, event, or action preceding a more important one; a preliminary or preface ② an independent piece written for piano and usually based on a single, short thematic motif vt. ③ to serve as a prelude to ④ to introduce with or as if with a prelude vi. ⑤ to serve as a prelude or an introduction 同 preamble, preface, prologue

preamble [pri ˈæmbl]

中 n. 序言；开端 英 ① a preliminary statement, especially the introduction to a formal document that serves to explain its purpose ② an introductory occurrence or fact; a preliminary 同 prelude, prologue

integrity [ɪnˈtegrəti]

中 n. 廉正，诚实；完善，健全；完整 英 ① steadfast adherence to a strict moral or ethical code ② the state of being unimpaired; soundness ③ the quality or condition of being whole or undivided; completeness 同 frankness, honesty, justice, uprightness 考点精析】Integrity is to honesty as resolution is to determination. 同 义关系。

foundation [faʊnˈdeɪʃn]

中 n. 建立，设立，创办；地基，基础；基金，捐款；基金会；(衣服的) 衬 底；粉底 英 ① the act of founding, especially the establishment of an institution with provisions for future maintenance ② the basis on which a thing stands, is founded, or is supported ③ funds for the perpetual support of an institution ④ an institution founded and supported by an endowment ⑤ a foundation garment ⑥ a cosmetic used as a base for facial makeup

cynosure [ˈsɪnəʃʊr]

中 n. 引人注目的人或物；指引物，指针 英 ① an object that serves as a focal point of attention and admiration ② something that serves to guide

quotation [kwoʊˈteɪʃn]

中 n. 引用；引用语；报价 英 ① the act of quoting ② a passage quoted ③ the prices or bids cited

compulsion [kəmˈpʌlʃn]

中 n. 强迫；被迫；冲动 英 ① the act of compelling ② the state of being compelled ③ an irresistible impulse to act, regardless of the rationality of the motivation 同 force, impulsion, motivation

tattoo [tæˈtuː]

中 n. 归营号；夜间野外军事演习；连续有节奏的敲击声 vi. 有节奏地 敲打 vt. 在...上有节奏地敲打 英 n. ① a signal sounded on a drum or bugle to summon soldiers or sailors to their quarters at night ② a display of military exercises offered as evening entertainment ③ a continuous, even drumming or rapping vi. ④ to beat out an even rhythm, as with the fingers vt. ⑤ to beat or tap rhythmically on; rap or drum on

restitution [ˌrestɪ ˈtuːʃn]

中 n. 归还；赔偿，补偿；恢复 英 ① the act of restoring to the rightful owner something that has been taken away, lost, or surrendered ② the act of making good or compensating for loss, damage, or injury; indemnification ③ a return to or restoration of a previous state or position 同 indemnification, redress, restoration

formation [fɔːrˈmeɪʃn]

中 n. 形成，组成；构成物；形态，结构 英 ① the act or process of forming something or of taking form ② something formed ③ the manner or style in which something is formed, structure

rainbow [ˈreɪnboʊ]

中 n. 彩虹；幻想，幻觉 英 ① an arc of all seven spectral colors appearing in the sky opposite the sun as a result of the refractive dispersion of sunlight in drops of rain or mist ② an illusory hope

conquest [ˈkɑːŋkwest]

中 n. 征服，克服；战利品，占领地；(爱情的) 俘虏 英 ① the act or process of conquering ② something, such as territory,acquired by conquering ③ one that has been captivated or overcome

tally [ˈtæli]

中 n. 得分，计算；标签，小牌 vt. 点数，计算；通过记号记录 英 n. ① a reckoning or score ② a label, ticket, or piece of metal or wood used for identification or classification, especially in gardens and greenhouses vt. ③ to reckon or count ④ to record by making a mark 同 calculate, check, estimate, reckon, score

throne [θroʊn]

中 n. 御座，宝座；君主 英 ① a chair occupied by an exalted personage, such as a sovereign or bishop, on state or ceremonial occasions, often situated on a dais and sometimes having a canopy and ornate decoration ② a personage who occupies a throne

whim [wɪm]

中 n. 心血来潮，怪念头，突发的奇想；冲动 英 ① a sudden or capricious idea ② arbitrary thought or impulse 同 caprice

mortality [mɔːrˈtæləti]

中 n. 必死性；大量死亡 英 ① the quality or condition of being mortal ② death, especially of large numbers; heavy loss of life

fidelity [fɪ ˈdeləti]

中 n. 忠诚，忠实；逼真；保真度 英 ① faithfulness to obligations, duties, or observances ② exact correspondence with fact or with a given quality, condition, or event; accuracy ③ the degree to which an electronic system accurately reproduces the sound or image of its input signal 同 allegiance, devotion, faith, fidelity, loyalty, piousness, sincerity, truth

rapidity [rəˈpɪdəti]

中 n. 快速，迅速 同 a rate that is rapid

suspicion [səˈspɪʃn]

中 n. 怀疑，猜疑；嫌疑；不确定的状态 vt. 怀疑 英 n. ① the act of suspecting something, especially something wrong, on little evidence or without proof ② the condition of being suspected, especially of wrongdoing ③ a state of uncertainty; doubt vt. ④ to suspect 同 distrust, doubt, misgiving, mistrust; distrust, doubt, misgive, mistrust, suspect

intimidation [ɪnˌtɪmɪ ˈdeɪʃn]

中 n. 恐吓，恫吓 英 the action of coercing or inhibiting by or as if by threats 同 browbeat, bully, coerce, cow, threat

phobia [ˈfoʊbiə]

中 n. 恐惧症；惧怕，憎恶 英 ① a persistent, abnormal, or irrational fear of a specific thing or situation that compels one to avoid the feared stimulus ② a strong fear, dislike, or aversion 同 aversion, dislike, fear

trepidation [ˌtrepɪ ˈdeɪʃn]

中 n. 恐惧，惊恐 英 a state of alarm or dread; apprehension 同 anxiety, apprehension, fright, trembling

panick [ˈpænɪk]

中 n. 恐慌，惊惶；(经济) 大恐慌 vt. 使恐慌；使大笑 vi. 惊慌，恐慌 英 n. ① a sudden overpowering fright ② a sudden widespread fright concerning financial affairs that results in a depression of values caused by extreme measures for protection of property (as securities) vt. ③ to affect with panic ④ to cause to laugh uproariously vi. ⑤ to be affected with panic 【考点精析】Happy is to worried as ecstatic is to panicked. 横向反义关 系，纵向程度关系。"高兴的"对"担心的"相当于"狂喜的"对"恐慌 的"。

cure [kjʊr]

中 n. 恢复健康；治疗，疗法；对策，措施 vt. 使恢复健康；使痊愈；消除，补救；使硫化，使固化 vi. 被治愈，受治疗；(用化学或物理方法) 制备、保存英 n. ① restoration of health, recovery from disease ② a method or course of medical treatment used to restore health ③ something that corrects or relieves a harmful or disturbing situation vt. ④ to restore to health ⑤ to effect a recovery from ⑥ to remove or remedy (something harmful or disturbing) ⑦ to vulcanize (rubber) vi. ⑧ to effect a cure or recovery ⑨ to be prepared, preserved, or finished by a chemical or physical process

flattery [ˈflætəri]

中 n. 恭维，巴结；谄媚之言 英 ① the act or practice of flattering ② excessive or insincere praise

glove [glʌv]

中 n. 手套；臂铠，防护手套 vt. 为...配备手套 vi. 戴手套 英 n. ① a fitted covering for the hand with a separate sheath for each finger and the thumb ② a gauntlet vt. ③ to furnish with gloves vi. ④ to don gloves, as before performing an operation on a patient

outrage [ˈaʊtreɪdʒ]

中 n. 恶性，暴行；不道德行为，不法行为；愤慨 vt. 违反；激怒 英 n. ① an act of violence or brutality ② an act that violates accepted standards of behavior or taste ③ the anger and resentment aroused by injury or insult vt. ④ to violate the standards or principles of ⑤ to arouse anger or resentment in, usually by some grave offense 同 enrage, exasperate, infuriate, irritate, vex

spite [spaɪt]

中 n. 恶意 vt. 恶意对待 英 n. ① malicious ill will prompting an urge to hurt or humiliate vt. ② to show spite toward; to vent spite on 同 animosity, hatred, hostility, malice, rancor, resentment

malice [ˈmælɪs]

中 n. 恶意；【律】蓄意，预谋 英 ① a desire to harm others or to see others suffer, extreme ill will or spite ② Law. the intent, without just cause or reason, to commit a wrongful act that will result in harm to another 同 animosity, hatred, hostility, rancor, resentment, spite

villain [ˈvɪlən]

中 n. 恶棍，流氓；反面角色 英 ① a wicked or evil person ② a dramatic or fictional character who is typically at odds with the hero 同 devil, knave, rascal, rogue, scamp, scoundrel

fiend [fiːnd]

中 n. 恶魔，魔鬼；恶毒的人，邪恶的人 英 ① an evil spirit, a demon ② a diabolically evil or wicked person

tragedy [ˈtrædʒədi]

中 n. 悲剧 英 a drama or literary work in which the main character is brought to ruin or suffers extreme sorrow

woe [woʊ]

中 n. 悲惨，悲哀；不幸，灾难 英 ① deep distress or misery, as from grief; wretchedness ② misfortune; calamity 同 calamity, misfortune, sorrow, wretchedness

exclamation [ˌekskləˈmeɪʃn]

中 n. 惊叫，惊呼；感叹词，感叹句 英 ① an abrupt, forceful utterance; an outcry, as of protest ② an interjection 【考点精析】exclamation point 意为"感叹号"，类比题 中可能会出现。

inertia [ɪ ˈnɜːrʃə]

中 n. 惯性，惰性；迟钝，不活动 英 ① the tendency of a body to resist acceleration; the tendency of a body at rest to remain at rest or of a body in motion to stay in motion in a straight line unless acted on by an outside force ② resistance or disinclination to motion, action, or change 同 inactiveness, inertness

willpower [ˈwɪlpaʊər]

中 n. 意志力，毅力 英 the strength of will to carry out one's decisions, wishes, or plans 同 perseverance, persistence

sympathy [ˈsɪmpəθi]

中 n. 意气相投，同感；同情，同情心；一致 英 ① a relationship or an affinity between people or things in which whatever affects one correspondingly affects the other ② the act or power of sharing the feelings of another ③ harmonious agreement; accord 同 accord, agreement, compassion, pity, mercy, leniency

consciousness [ˈkɑːnʃəsnəs]

中 n. 意识；感觉，知觉；警觉，觉察 英 ① the state or condition of being conscious ② special awareness or sensitivity ③ alertness to or concern for a particular issue or situation

perception [pərˈsepʃn]

中 n. 感知过程；知觉，感知；感知能力，领悟力 英 ① the process, act, or faculty of perceiving ② the effect or product of perceiving ③ insight, intuition or knowledge gained by perceiving 同 recognition, sense

ire [ˈaɪər]

中 n. 愤怒 英 anger, wrath 同 annoyance, irritation, fury, rage

indignation [ˌɪndɪgˈneɪʃn]

中 n. 愤怒，愤慨 英 anger aroused by something unjust, mean, or unworthy 同 exasperation, fury, irritation, rage, wrath

mercy [ˈmɜːrsi]

中 n. 慈悲，仁慈；同情，宽厚；恩惠，幸运；宽慰，缓解 英 ① compassionate treatment, especially of those under one's power; clemency ② a disposition to be kind and forgiving ③ something for which to be thankful; a blessing ④ alleviation of distress; relief 同 compassion, leniency, pity, sympathy

hatred [ˈheɪtrɪd]

中 n. 憎恶，敌意 英 intense animosity or hostility 同 animosity, hostility, malice, rancor, resentment, spite

sloth [sloʊθ]

中 n. 懒散，怠惰；树獭 英 ① aversion to work or exertion; laziness; indolence ② any of various slow-moving, arboreal, edentate mammals of the family Bradypodidae of South and Central America, having long hooklike claws by which they hang upside down from tree branches and feeding on leaves, buds, and fruits 同 acedia, indolence, laziness

monologue [ˈmɑːnəlɔːg]

中 n. 戏剧独白；独角戏 vi. 独白表演 vt. 对...独白 英 n. ① a dramatic soliloquy ② a continuous series of jokes or comic stories delivered by one comedian vi. ③ to give or perform a monologue vt. ④ to address a monologue to

stallion [ˈstæliən]

中 n. 成年雄马 英 an adult male horse that has not been castrated, especially one kept for breeding 【考点精析】stallion is to mare 公母关系。成年公马和成年母马。

strategy [ˈstrætədʒi]

中 n. 战略 (学)，策略 (学) 英 ① the science and art of using all the forces of a nation to execute approved plans as effectively as possible during peace or war ② the science and art of military command as applied to the overall planning and conduct of large-scale combat operations 同 manipulation, tactics

scallop [ˈskæləp]

中 n. 扇贝 vt. 给...加上扇形饰边 vi. 拾扇贝 英 n. ① any of various free-swimming marine mollusks of the family Pectinidae,having fan-shaped bivalve shells with a radiating fluted pattern vt. ② to edge (cloth, for example) with a series of curved projections vi.③ to gather scallops for eating or sale 同 clam, oyster, shell

pantomime [ˈpæntəmaɪm]

中 n. 手势交流；哑剧表演；哑剧演员 vt. 表演哑剧 vi. 用手势表达 英 n. ① communication by means of gesture and facial expression ② the telling of a story without words, by means of bodily movements, gestures, and facial expressions ③ a player in such a performance vt. ④ to represent or express by pantomime vi. ⑤ to express oneself in pantomime 【考点精析】Storyteller is to listener as pantomime is to viewer. 人物及 其行为对象的关系。"讲故事者"对"听众"相当于"哑剧演员"对"观 众"

scalpel [ˈskælpəl]

中 n. 手术刀 英 a small, straight knife with a thin, sharp blade used in surgery and dissection 【考点精析】Scalpel is to surgeon as cleaver is to butcher. 人物及其工 具的关系。"外科医生"用"手术刀"，"屠夫"用"切肉刀"。

holster [ˈhoʊlstər]

中 n. 手枪皮套 vt. 把 (枪) 放入皮套里 英 n. ① a leather case shaped to hold a pistol vt. ② to put (a gun, for example) in a holster 【考点精析】gun is to holster 位置关系。"枪"放在"皮套"里。

instrument [ˈɪnstrəmənt]

中 n. 手段；被他人利用的人；工具；仪表，仪器；乐器 英 ① a means by which something is done; an agency ② one used by another to accomplish a purpose ③ an implement used to facilitate work ④ a device for recording, measuring, or controlling, especially such a device functioning as part of a control system ⑤ a device for playing or producing music 同 apparatus, appliance, device, equipment, gadget, means, tool, utensil

intelligence [ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns]

中 n. 才智；思考和推理的能力；情报，秘密消息 英 ① the capacity to acquire and apply knowledge ② the faculty of thought and reason ③ secret information, especially about an actual or potential enemy 同 information, reason, shrewdness, talent

wager [ˈweɪdʒər]

中 n. 打赌；赌注，赌金 vt. 打赌，下赌注 英 n. ① an agreement under which each bettor pledges a certain amount to the other depending on the outcome of an unsettled matter; a matter bet on ② something staked on an uncertain outcome vt. ③ to risk or stake (an amount or a possession) on an uncertain outcome

sanction [ˈsæŋkʃn]

中 n. 批准，认可；鼓励，支持 vt. 批准，认可；鼓励，支持 英 ① authoritative permission or approval that makes a course of action valid ② support or encouragement, as from public opinion or established custom vt. ③ to give official authorization or approval to ④ to encourage or tolerate by indicating approval 同 accept, accredit, advocate, affirm, approve, authorize, confirm, encourage, endorse, favor, ratify, support

damper [ˈdæmpər]

中 n. 抑制因素；(火炉等的) 节气阀 英 ① one that deadens, restrains, or depresses ② an adjustable plate, as in the flue of a furnace or stove, for controlling the draft 同 hamper, hindrance 【考点精析】Damper is to fireplace as valve is to pipe. 物体及其作用对象的关系。"节气阀"可以调节"火炉"中空气的多少，"阀门"可以调 节"管道"中空气(或液体)的多少。

forbearance [fɔːrˈberəns]

中 n. 抑制，克制；自制，容忍，宽容 英 ① the act of forbearing ② tolerance and restraint in the face of provocation, patience 同 longanimity, patience 【考点精析】Uproar is to silence as rage is to forbearance. 反义关 系。"吼叫"对"沉默"相当于"发怒"对"容忍"。

pitcher [ˈpɪtʃər]

中 n. 投掷者；(棒球) 投手；水罐，壶 英 ① one that pitches ② the player who throws the ball from the mound to the batter ③ a container for liquids, usually having a handle and a lip or spout for pouring

poll [poʊl]

中 n. 投票；投票数 vt. 得到 (票数)；得到或记录...的票数 vi. 投票 英 n. ① the casting and registering of votes in an election ② the number of votes cast or recorded vt. ③ to receive (a given number of votes) ④ to receive or record the votes of vi. ⑤ to vote at the polls in an election

submission [səbˈmɪʃn]

中 n. 投降，屈服；谦卑，谦恭，温驯；提交，呈递；提交物，呈递书 英 ① the act of submitting to the power of another; the state of having submitted ② the state of being submissive or compliant; meekness ③ the act of submitting something for consideration ④ something so submitted 同 obedience, compliance

robber [ˈrɑːbər]

中 n. 抢劫犯，盗窃犯 英 someone who steals money or property

convoy [ˈkɑːnvɔɪ]

中 n. 护航，护送；护航舰队，护送部队；受护送的船队 vt. 护航，护送 英 n. ① the act of accompanying or escorting, especially for protective purposes ② an accompanying and protecting force, as of ships or troops ③ a group, as of ships or motor vehicles, traveling together with a protective escort or for safety or convenience vt. ④ to accompany, especially for protection

vengeance [ˈvendʒəns]

中 n. 报复，报仇 英 infliction of punishment in return for a wrong committed 同 avengement, reprisal, revenge

stretcher [ˈstretʃər]

中 n. 担架 英 a litter, usually of canvas stretched over a frame, used to transport the sick, wounded, or dead

pouch [paʊtʃ]

中 n. 拉线袋，荷包 vt. 放入袋中；使成袋状；吞食 vi. 成袋状物 英 n. ① a small bag often closing with a drawstring and used especially for carrying loose items in one's pocket vt. ② to place in or as if in a pouch; pocket ③ to cause to resemble a pouch ④ to swallow (especially used of certain birds or fishes) vi. ⑤ to assume the form of a pouch or pouchlike cavity

sycophant [ˈsɪkəfænt]

中 n. 拍马者，谄媚者 英 a servile self-seeker who attempts to win favor by flattering influential people 同 flatterer

igloo [ˈɪgluː]

中 n. 拱形圆顶小屋 (一种爱斯基摩人的住宅)；拱形建筑物 英 ① an Eskimo dwelling, especially a dome-shaped winter dwelling built of blocks of packed snow ② a dome-shaped structure or building

knuckle [ˈnʌkl]

中 n. 指关节 vt. 用指关节压、摩擦或叩击 英 n. the prominence of the dorsal aspect of a joint of a finger, especially of one of the joints connecting the fingers to the hand vt. to press, rub, or hit with the knuckles 【考点精析】Elbow is to arm as knuckle is to finger. 身体部位及其关节 的关系。"肘"是连接"胳膊"的大臂和小臂的关节，可以活动；"指关 节"是"手指"各指节中间的关节，也可以活动。

excavation [ˌekskəˈveɪʃn]

中 n. 挖掘，发掘 英 the act or process of excavating 【考点精析】Erosion is to gully as excavation is to mine. 事物及其成因 的关系。" 峡谷(冲沟)"是由于长期的"自然侵蚀"形，"矿井"是由于 长期的"挖掘"形成的。

lineage [ˈlɪniɪdʒ]

中 n. 直系，世系；衍生 英 ① direct descent from a particular ancestor; ancestry ② derivation

pressure [ˈpreʃər]

中 n. 挤，压，按，榨；被挤压的状态；挤压，压紧，压缩 vt. 迫使；增 压；用高压锅煮 英 n. ① the act of pressing ② the condition of being pressed ③ the application of continuous force by one body on another that it is touching; compression vt. ④ to force, as by overpowering influence or persuasion ⑤ to pressurize ⑥ to pressure-cook 同 force, weight

elegy [ˈelədʒi]

中 n. 挽诗；挽歌 英 ① a poem composed in elegiac couplets ② a song composed especially as a lament for a deceased person 同 lament 【考点精析】Elegy is to lament as eulogy is to praise. 诗歌形式及其表 达感情的关系。"挽诗"表达"哀悼"，"赞诗"表达"赞扬"。

prey [preɪ]

中 n. 捕获物，猎物；牺牲品 vi. 捕食；使...成为牺牲品 英 n. ① an animal hunted or caught for food; quarry ② one that is defenseless, especially in the face of attack; a victim vi. ③ to hunt, catch, or eat as prey ④ to victimize or make a profit at someone else's expense 同 target

tango [ˈtæŋgoʊ]

中 n. 探戈；探戈舞曲 vi. 跳探戈 英 n. ① a Latin American ballroom dance in 2/4 or 4/4 time ② the music for this dance vi. ③ to perform this dance

pundit [ˈpʌndɪt]

中 n. 提出意见者，批评家；学者 英 ① a source of opinion; a critic ② a learned person

perturbation [ˌpɜːrtərˈbeɪʃn]

中 n. 搅乱，混乱；情绪不稳，心神不宁；【物】微扰 英 ① the act of perturbing ② the state of being perturbed, agitation ③ Physics. a small change in a physical system 同 confusion, disturbance

friction [ˈfrɪkʃn]

中 n. 摩擦；矛盾 英 ① the rubbing of one object or surface against another ② conflict, as between persons having dissimilar ideas or interests; clash 同 clash, conflict

facsimile [fækˈsɪməli]

中 n. 摹本，传真本，复制本 英 an exact copy of something 同 copy, replica

retreat [rɪ ˈtriːt]

中 n. 撤回，撤退；退避，引退；(军队) 安全撤退 vi. 后退，缩回；撤退， 退避 vt. 向后移 (棋子) 英 n. ① the act or process of withdrawing, especially from something hazardous, formidable, or unpleasant ② the process of going backward or receding from a position or condition gained ③ withdrawal of a military force from a dangerous position or from an enemy attack vi. ④ to fall or draw back; withdraw or retire vt. ⑤ to move (a chess piece) back 同 recede, retire, retract, withdraw 【考点精析】Forward is to backward as assault is to retreat. 反义关 系。"向前"与"向后"，"进攻"与"撤退"。

operator [ˈɑːpəreɪtər]

中 n. 操作员；管理者，经营者 英 ① one who operates a machine or device ② the owner or manager of a business or an industrial enterprise

mat [mæt]

中 n. 擦鞋垫，踏脚垫；灯垫，杯垫，垫子 vt. 遮盖，保护；使...缠结 vi. 缠结 英 n. ① a flat piece of coarse fabric or other material used for wiping one's shoes or feet, or in various other forms as a floor covering ② a small, flat piece of decorated material placed under a lamp, dish of food, or other object vt. ③ to cover, protect, or decorate with mats or a mat ④ to pack or interweave into a thick mass vi. ⑤ to be packed or interwoven into a thick mass; become entangled

expedition [ˌekspəˈdɪʃn]

中 n. 支出；支出额 英 ① the act or process of expending ② an amount expended

sustenance [ˈsʌstənəns]

中 n. 支持；维生，维持；营养物，养料 英 ① the act of sustaining; the condition of being sustained ② the supporting of life or health; maintenance ③ something, especially food, that sustains life or health 同 livelihood, maintenance, nourishment, nutriment, nutrition, sustainment, sustentation

swath [swɑːθ]

中 n. 收割的宽度；割刈地带；刈下的一行草；狭长物，一长条 英 ① the width of a scythe stroke or a mowing-machine blade ② a path of this width made in mowing ③ the mown grass or grain lying on such a path ④ something likened to a swath; a strip

turnpike [ˈtɜːrnpaɪk]

中 n. 收费公路 英 a toll road, especially an expressway with tollgates

proselyte [ˈprɑːsələt]

中 n. 改变宗教信仰者 vt. 使...改变宗教信仰 vi. 改变宗教信仰 英 n. ① a new convert to a doctrine or religion vt. ② to proselytize (a person) vi. ③ to engage in proselytization

layer [ˈler]

中 n. 放置者；层；地层；深度，层次 vt. 使分开并形成层次 vi. 形成或 分成层次 英 n. ① one that lays ② a single thickness of a material covering a surface or forming an overlying part or segment ③ a usually horizontal deposit or expanse; a stratum ④ a depth or level vt. ⑤ to divide or form into layers vi. ⑥ to form or come apart as layers

politician [ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃn]

中 n. 政治家；从政者；政客，见风使舵者 英 ① one who is actively involved in politics, especially party politics ② one who holds or seeks a political office ③ one who seeks personal or partisan gain, often by scheming and maneuvering

hostility [hɑːˈstɪləti]

中 n. 敌对状态，敌意 英 the state of being hostile 同 animosity, hatred, malice, rancor, resentment, spite

pew [pjuː]

中 n. 教堂内靠背的长椅；(供一家人专用的) 教堂坐席 英 ① one of the long, fixed benches with backs that are arranged in rows for the seating of a congregation in church ② an enclosed compartment in a church that provides seating for a number of people, such as a family

pope [poʊp]

中 n. 教皇，罗马主教 英 (often the Pope, Roman Catholic Church) the bishop of Rome and head of the Roman Catholic Church on earth

prose [proʊz]

中 n. 散文，散文体；乏味的话；平淡无奇 vi. 写散文 英 n. ① ordinary speech or writing, without metrical structure ② commonplace expression or quality vi. ③ to write prose

hoax [hoʊks]

中 n. 欺骗；骗局 vt. 欺骗，愚弄 英 n. ① an act intended to deceive or trick ② something that has been established or accepted by fraudulent means vt. ③ to deceive or cheat by using a hoax 同 beguile, bewitch, cajole, coax, wheedle

percussion [pərˈkʌʃn]

中 n. 敲打；震动，击打声；打击乐器 英 ① the striking together of two bodies, especially when noise is produced ② the sound, vibration, or shock caused by the striking together of two bodies ③ percussion instruments that form a section of a band or orchestra 同 strike, vibration 【考点精析】Woodwind is to clarinet as percussion is to cymbal. 种属关 系。"单簧管"属于"木管乐器"，"铙钹"属于"打击乐器"。

epoch [ˈepək]

中 n. 新纪元，新时代；开创性的事件 英 ① a particular period of history, especially one considered remarkable or noteworthy ② a notable event that marks the beginning of such a period 同 age, era, period

style [staɪl]

中 n. 方式，风格；作风，品位；类，类型 vt. 使符合潮流；设计某种式 样 英 n. ① the way in which something is said, done, expressed, or performed ② the combination of distinctive features of literary or artistic expression, execution, or performance characterizing a particular person, group, school, or era ③ sort; type ④ a quality of imagination and individuality expressed in one's actions and tastes vt. ⑤ to make consistent with rules of style ⑥ to give style to

robin [ˈrɑːbɪn]

中 n. 旅鸫，美洲知更鸟；欧亚鸲，欧洲知更鸟 英 ① a North American songbird (Turdus migratorius) having a rustred breast and gray and black upper plumage ② a small Old World bird (Erithacus rubecula) having an orange breast and a brown back 【知识拓展】知更鸟与圣诞节关系密切，在圣诞卡和圣诞纪念邮票上 常可见知更鸟的踪影。根据英国古老传说，知更鸟的羽毛本是咖啡 色，当耶稣被钉上十字架时，它飞往耶稣耳边唱歌纾缓耶稣的痛 楚，于是，耶稣身上的血染在了知更鸟身上，自此它胸脯上的毛便 变为鲜红色。英国的布里斯托尔城足球俱乐部和斯文登足球俱乐部 的绰号就是知更鸟(The Robins)，因为这两支球队的主场颜色均为 红色。

revolution [ˌrevəˈluːʃn]

中 n. 旋转；革命；巨变，大变革 英 ① orbital motion about a point, especially as distinguished from axial rotation ② the overthrow of one government and its replacement with another ③ a sudden or momentous change in a situation

trash [træʃ]

中 n. 无价值之物，垃圾，废物 vt. 丢弃，废弃 英 n. ① worthless or discarded material or objects; refuse or rubbish vt. ② to throw away; discard

haiku [ˈhaɪkuː]

中 n. 日本三行俳句诗 英 a Japanese lyric verse form having three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables, traditionally invoking an aspect of nature or the seasons 【知识拓展】俳句是日本的一种古典短诗，由五、七、五三行十七个字 母组成。俳句 中必定要有一个季语。所谓季语是指用以表示春、夏、 秋、冬及新年的季节用语。在季语 中除"夏季的骤雨"、"雪"等表现气 候的用语外，还有像"樱花"、"蝉"等动植物名称。另外，如"压岁 钱"、"阳春面"这样的风俗习惯也多有应用。这些"季语"通常带有现 代日本人民对于幼小时代或故乡的一种怀念眷恋之情。

schedule [ˈskedʒuːl]

中 n. 时刻表；进度表；清单；日程计划；课程表；附录 vt. 将...列入表 中；为...制订计划；为...安排时间 英 n. ① a list of times of departures and arrivals; a timetable ② a plan for performing work or achieving an objective, specifying the order and allotted time for each part ③ a printed or written list of items in tabular form ④ a program of events or appointments expected in a given time ⑤ a student's program of classes ⑥ a supplemental statement of details appended to a document vt. ⑦ to enter on a schedule ⑧ to make up a schedule for ⑨ to plan or appoint for a certain time or date

limber [ˈlɪmbər]

中 n. 易弯的；柔软的，灵活的 vt. 使柔软 vi. 变得柔软 英 n. ① bending or flexing readily; pliable ② capable of moving, bending, or contorting easily; supple vt. ③ to make limber vi. ④ to make oneself limber 同 agile, dexterous, flexible, malleable, supple

constellation [ˌkɑːnstəˈleɪʃn]

中 n. 星座；星座区域；星宿；荟萃，云集 英 ① an arbitrary formation of stars perceived as a figure or design, especially one of 88 recognized groups named after characters from classical mythology and various common animals and objects ② an area of the celestial sphere occupied by one of the 88 recognized constellations ③ the configuration of planets at the time of one's birth, regarded by astrologers as determining one's character or fate ④ a gathering or an assemblage, especially of prominent persons or things

pueblo [ˈpwebloʊ]

中 n. 普韦布洛族 英 any of some 25 Native American peoples, including the Hopi, Zuñi, and Taos, living in established villages in northern and western New Mexico and northeast Arizona; the descendants of the cliff-dwelling Anasazi peoples and are noted for their skilled craft in pottery, basketry, weaving, and metalworking

spectacle [ˈspektəkl]

中 n. 景象；精彩的表演，壮观的场面；出洋相 英 ① something that can be seen or viewed, especially something of a remarkable or impressive nature ② a public performance or display, especially one on a large or lavish scale ③ a regrettable public display, as of bad behavior 同 display, exhibition, pageant, show, sight

stealth [stelθ]

中 n. 暗中行动；鬼鬼祟祟，狡诈 英 ① the act of moving, proceeding, or acting in a covert way ② the quality or characteristic of being furtive or covert

insinuation [ɪnˌsɪnjuˈeɪʃn]

中 n. 暗示，暗讽；影射 英 ① the act, process, or practice of insinuating ② something insinuated, especially an artfully indirect, often derogatory suggestion 同 sly suggestion

inkling [ˈɪŋklɪŋ]

中 n. 暗示，迹象；略知，模糊概念 英 ① a slight hint or indication ② a slight understanding or vague idea or notion

gluttony [ˈglʌtəni]

中 n. 暴饮暴食，贪吃 英 excess in eating or drinking 【考点精析】Gluttony is to food as avarice is to money."贪求"及其对象 的关系。贪求食物，贪求金钱。

surrogate [ˈsɜːrəgət]

中 n. 替代品；替代者 adj. 替代的 vt. 替代，取代 英 n. ① one that takes the place of another; a substitute ② a person or an animal that functions as a substitute for another, as in a social or family role adj. ③ substitute vt. ④ to put in the place of another, especially as a successor; replace 同 replace, substitute

sovereign [ˈsɑːvrən]

中 n. 最高统治者；统治者 adj. 自治的，独立的；有至高权力的 英 n. ① one that exercises supreme, permanent authority, especially in a nation or other governmental unit ② a king, queen, or other noble person who serves as chief of state; a ruler or monarch adj. ③ selfgoverning; independent ④ having supreme rank or power 【考点精析】Sovereign is to monarchy as principal is to school. 管理者 及其管理对象的关系。"最高统治者"管理"君主制国家"，"校长"管 理"学校"。

patrician [pəˈtrɪʃn]

中 n. 有教养的人；贵族；(中世纪意大利和德国的) 显贵 英 ① a person of refined upbringing, manners, and tastes ② a member of an aristocracy, an aristocrat ③ a member of the hereditary ruling class in the medieval free cities of Italy and Germany 同 aristocrat

recital [rɪ ˈsaɪtl]

中 n. 朗诵，背诵；描述，叙述；独唱会，独奏会，独舞表演 英 ① the act of reading or reciting in a public performance ② a very detailed account or report of something; a narration ③ a public performance of music or dance, especially by a solo performer

puppet [ˈpʌpɪt]

中 n. 木偶；玩偶；傀儡 英 ① a small figure of a person or an animal, having a cloth body and hollow head, designed to be fitted over and manipulated by the hand ② a toy representing a human figure; a doll ③ one whose behavior is determined by the will of others

mallet [ˈmælɪt]

中 n. 木槌；大头锤 英 ① a short-handled hammer, usually with a cylindrical head of wood, used chiefly to drive a chisel or wedge ② a tool with a large head, used to strike a surface without damaging it

instinct [ˈɪnstɪŋkt]

中 n. 本能；冲动；天资，天赋 adj. 充满的 英 n. ① an inborn pattern of behavior that is characteristic of a species and is often a response to specific environmental stimuli ② a powerful motivation or impulse ③ an innate capability or aptitude adj. ④ deeply filled or imbued 同 flair, gift, talent

tact [tækt]

中 n. 机智，老练 英 acute sensitivity to what is proper and appropriate in dealing with others, including the ability to speak or act without offending 同 diplomacy, finesse, grace 【考点精析】Brazen is to tact as lethargic is to energy."缺乏"关系。"厚 颜无耻的"就是缺乏"机智得体"，"嗜睡的，无精打采的"就是缺 乏"能量"。

locomotive [ˌloʊkəˈmoʊtɪv]

中 n. 机车；动力 adj. 运动的；推动的；能自由移动的 英 n. ① a self-propelled vehicle, usually electric or diesel-powered, for pulling or pushing freight or passenger cars on railroad tracks ② a driving or pulling force; an impetus adj. ③ of, relating to, or involved in locomotion ④ serving to put into motion or propel forward ⑤ able to move independently from place to place

insecticide [ɪnˈsektɪsaɪd]

中 n. 杀虫剂 英 a chemical substance used to kill insects 同 pesticide

mongrel [ˈmʌŋgrəl]

中 n. 杂交狗，杂种动物；混血儿 adj. 混血的，杂交的 英 n. ① an animal or a plant resulting from various interbreedings, especially a dog of mixed or undetermined breed ② a cross between different breeds, groups, or varieties, especially a mixture that is or appears to be incongruous adj. ③ of mixed origin or character 同 hybrid 【考点精析】Purebred is to hybrid as pedigreed is to mongrel. 横向反义 关系，纵向同义关系。purebred 和pedigreed 都表示"纯种的", hybrid 和mongrel 都表示"杂种的"。

prune [pruːn]

中 n. 李子干；可制干的李子 vi. 作出厌恶的表情 英 n. ① the partially dried fruit of any of several varieties of the common plum ② any kind of plum that can be dried without spoiling vi. ③ to make a facial expression exhibiting ill temper or disgust

stripe [straɪp]

中 n. 条纹 vt. 给...加条纹 英 n. ① a long narrow band distinguished, as by color or texture, from the surrounding material or surface vt. ② to mark with stripes or a stripe 同 line, striate

squirrel [ˈskwɜːrəl]

中 n. 松鼠 vt. 隐藏，储存 英 n. ① any of various arboreal rodents of the genus Sciurus and related genera of the family Sciuridae, having a long flexible bushy tail and including the fox squirrel, gray squirrel, and red squirrel vt. ② to hide or store

husk [hʌsk]

中 n. 果壳，豆荚，种膜；无价值的外壳 vt. 除去...的外壳 英 n. ① the outer membranous or green envelope of some fruits or seeds, as that of a walnut or an ear of corn ② a shell or outer covering, especially when considered worthless vt. ③ to remove the husk from 同 chaff, shell; shuck

resolution [ˌrezəˈluːʃn]

中 n. 果断，坚决；决心，决定；决议，决议案 英 ① the state or quality of being resolute; firm determination ② a resolve to dos omething ③ a formal statement of a decision or expression of opinion put beforeor adopted by an assembly such as the U.S. Congress 同 determination, firmness, resolve 【考点精析】Integrity is to honesty as resolution is to determination. 同 义关系。

core [kɔːr]

中 n. 果核；中心；核心，精髓；基础课；地核 vt. 取出...的核 英 n. ① the hard or fibrous central part of certain fruits, such as the apple or pear, containing the seeds ② the central or innermost part ③ the basic or most important part ④ a set of subjects or courses that make up a required portion of a curriculum ⑤ the central portion of Earth below the mantle, beginning at a depth of about 2,900 kilometers(1,800 miles) and probably consisting of iron and nickel vt. ⑥ to remove the core of

pillar [ˈpɪlər]

中 n. 柱子，支柱；台柱，栋梁 vt. 以柱支撑，以柱装饰 英 n. ① a slender, freestanding, vertical support; a column ② one who occupies a central or responsible position vt. ③ to support or decorate with pillars or a pilla

justice [ˈdʒʌstɪs]

中 n. 正直的品质；正义，公平；正当的理由 英 ① the quality of being just; fairness ② conformity to moral rightness in action or attitude; righteousness ③ conformity to truth, fact, or sound reason

virtue [ˈvɜːrtʃuː]

中 n. 正直，善良；美德，德行；长处，优点 英 ① moral excellence and righteousness ② an example or kind of moral excellence ③ a particularly efficacious, good, or beneficial quality 同 honesty, integrity, merit, virtuousness

fence [fens]

中 n. 栅栏；击剑术，击剑运动 vt. 圈住，用栅栏围起；防护，防卫 vi. 练习击剑，进行击剑运动；避免正面回答，闪烁其词 英 n. ① a structure serving as an enclosure, a barrier, or a boundary, usually made of posts or stakes joined together by boards, wire, or rails ② the art or sport of fencing vt. ③ to enclose with or as if with a fence ④ to ward off, keep away, to defend vi. ⑤ to practice the art or sport of fencing ⑥ to avoid giving direct answers ferment 中 [ˈfɜːrment] n. 酵母菌；骚动，动乱 [fərˈment] v. (使) 发酵；(使) 骚 动 英 n. ① something, such as a yeast, a bacterium, a mold, or an enzyme, that causes fermentation ② a state of agitation or of turbulent change or development v. ③ to (cause to) undergo fermentation ④ to (cause to) be in an excited or agitated state 同 commotion, din, tumult, turmoil

sign [saɪn]

中 n. 标志；手势；手势语；标牌；迹象 vt. 签署；签 (名)；签约 vi. 打信 号，做记号；使用手语；签名 英 n. ① something that suggests the presence or existence of a fact, condition, or quality ② an act or a gesture used to convey an idea, a desire, information, or a command ③ sign language ④ a posted notice bearing a designation, direction, or command ⑤ a trace or vestige vt. ⑥ to affix one's signature to ⑦ to write (one's signature) ⑧ to hire or engage by obtaining a signature on a contract vi. ⑨ to make a sign or signs; signal ⑩ to use sign language ⑪ to write one's signature

label [ˈleɪbl]

中 n. 标签；描述词；商标 vt. 贴标签于；鉴定或指定，描述或归类 英 n. ① an item that functions as a means of identification, especially a small piece of paper or cloth attached to an article to designate its origin, owner, contents, use, or destination ② a descriptive term; an epithet ③ a distinctive name or trademark identifying a product or manufacturer, especially a recording company vt. ④ to attach a label to ⑤ to identify or designate with a label; describe or classify

timber [ˈtɪmbər]

中 n. 树木；木材，木料 vt. 用木材支撑或搭建 英 n. ① trees or wooded land considered as a source of wood ② wood used as a building material; lumber vt. ③ to support or frame with timbers

rind [raɪnd]

中 n. 树皮；(某些水果的) 外皮；(熏肉、干酪等的) 外皮 英 a tough outer covering such as bark, the skin of some fruits, or the coating on cheese or bacon

pale [peɪl]

中 n. 桩；栅，栏杆；围场 vt. 用栅栏把...围起来 英 n. ① a stake or pointed stick, a picket ② a fence enclosing an area ③ the area enclosed by a fence or boundary vt. ④ to enclose with pales, fence in

ladder [ˈlædər]

中 n. 梯子；(长统袜等的) 梯形裂缝，抽丝；一系列等级、层次或水平 vi. 象长筒袜一样抽丝 英 n. ① an often portable structure consisting of two long sides crossed by parallel rungs, used to climb up and down ② something that resembles this device, especially a run in a stocking ③ a series of ranked stages or levels vi. ④ to run, as a stocking does

trapezoid [ˈtræpəzɔɪd]

中 n. 梯形；小多角骨 英 ① a quadrilateral having two parallel sides ② a small bone in the wrist, situated near the base of the index finger

stick [stɪk]

中 n. 棍，棒；(尤指树的) 枝条 vt. 刺入，插入 vi. 被刺入，被插入 英 n. ① a long, slender piece of wood, especially ② a branch or stem cut from a tree or shrub vt. ③ to pierce, puncture, or penetrate with a pointed instrument vi. ④ to be or become fixed or embedded in place by having the point thrust in

flora [ˈflɔːrə]

中 n. 植物群；[Flora]芙罗拉：罗马神话 中的花神 英 ① plants considered as a group, especially the plants of a particular country, region, or time ② Roman mythology: the goddess of flowers

pyramid [ˈpɪrəmɪd]

中 n. 椎体，棱锥体；锥形物；金字塔 vt. 使成金字塔形 vi. 成金字塔 形 英 n. ① a solid figure with a polygonal base and triangular faces that meet at a common point ② something shaped like this polyhedron ③ a massive monument of ancient Egypt having a rectangular base and four triangular faces culminating in a single apex, built over or around a crypt or tomb vt. ④ to place or build in the shape of a pyramid vi. ⑤ to assume the shape of a pyramid

wedge [wedʒ]

中 n. 楔子；楔形物 英 ① a piece of material, such as metal or wood, thick at one edge and tapered to a thin edge at the other for insertion in a narrow crevice, used for splitting, tightening, securing, or levering ② something shaped like a wedge

elm [elm]

中 n. 榆树；榆木 英 ① any of various deciduous trees of the genus Ulmus, characteristically having arching or curving branches and serrate leaves with asymmetrical bases ② the wood of an elm 【考点精析】Money is to tree as Euro is to elm. 纵向种属关系。"欧元"属于"货币"，"榆树"属于"树"。

olive [ˈɑːlɪv]

中 n. 橄榄树；橄榄，青果 英 ① a Mediterranean evergreen tree (Olea europaea) having fragrant white flowers, usually lance-shaped leathery leaves, and edible drupes ② the small, ovoid fruit of this tree, an important food and source of oil 【考点精析】Olive is to orange as oil is to juice. 纵向种属关系。"橄榄 油"属于"油"，"橙汁"属于"果汁"

scull [skʌl]

中 n. 橹，尾桨；短桨；赛艇 vt. 用桨划 (船) vi. 用桨划船 英 n. ① a long oar mounted over the stern of a boat and moved from side to side to propel the boat forward ② one of a pair of shorthandled oars used by a single rower ③ a small, light racing boat for one, two, or four rowers vt. ④ to propel (a boat) with a scull vi. ⑤ to use a scull to propel a boat 同 racing boat

delight [dɪ ˈlaɪt]

中 n. 欣喜，愉快；乐事 vi. 感到高兴 vt. 使感到高兴 英 n. ① great pleasure; joy ② something that gives great pleasure orenjoyment vi. ③ to take great pleasure or joy vt. ④ to please greatly

deceit [dɪ ˈsiːt]

中 n. 欺诈，欺骗；欺骗手段；虚伪 英 ① the act or practice of deceiving ② a stratagem, a trick ③ the quality of being deceitful, falseness 同 deception, dissimulation, fraudulence, misrepresentation

deception [dɪ ˈsepʃn]

中 n. 欺骗，行骗；受骗；诈术，诡计 英 ① the use of deceit ② the fact or state of being deceived ③ a ruse, a trick 同 deceit, illusion, legerdemain, trick

corpse [kɔːrps]

中 n. 死尸 英 a dead body, especially the dead body of a human being 【考点精析】Morgue is to corpse as library is to book. 位置关系。"尸 体"在"太平间"，"书"在"图书馆"。

paragraph [ˈpærəgræf]

中 n. 段，段落；(报刊的) 短评，简讯 vt. 将...分段 英 n. ① a distinct division of written or printed matter that begins on a new, usually indented line, consists of one or more sentences, and typically deals with a single thought or topic or quotes one speaker's continuous words ② a brief article, notice, or announcement, as in a newspaper vt. ③ to divide or arrange into paragraphs 【考点精析】Paragraph is to sentence as book is to chapter. 组成关系 或整体和部分的关系。"句子"组成"段落"，"章节"组成"书籍"。

conflagration [ˌkɑːnfləˈgreɪʃn]

中 n. 毁灭性的大火 英 a large, destructive fire

ewe [juː]

中 n. 母羊 (尤指成年母羊) 英 a female sheep, especially when full grown 【考点精析】Ewe is to ram as goose is to gander. ( 同一种动物的)公与 母的关系。"母羊"对"公羊"相当于"母鹅"对"公鹅"。这也是SSAT 常 考的一个关系。

mare [mer]

中 n. 母马，母驴 英 a female horse or the female of other equine species

venom [ˈvenəm]

中 n. 毒液；毒，毒物；恶意 英 ① a poisonous secretion of an animal, such as a snake, spider, or scorpion, usually transmitted by a bite or sting ② a poison ③ malice 同 malice, poison, toxin

poison [ˈpɔɪzn]

中 n. 毒物；致命物 vt. 毒害，下毒；损害，对...造成不良影响 adj. 有 毒的 英 n. ① a substance that causes injury, illness, or death, especially by chemical means ② something destructive or fatal vt. ③ to kill or harm with poison ④ to have a harmful influence on; corrupt adj. ⑤ poisonous 同 toxin, venom

rate [reɪt]

中 n. 比率，率 vt. 估价 vi. 被列入等级 英 n. ① a quantity measured with respect to another measured quantity vt. ② to calculate the value of; appraise vi. ③ to be ranked in a particular class

scent [sent]

中 n. 气味，(尤指) 香味；香水；动物的气味；(猎物的) 踪迹；嗅觉；预 感 vt. 闻出，嗅到；察觉；使充满香味 vi. 循嗅迹追猎 英 n. ① a distinctive, often agreeable odor ② a perfume ③ an odor left by the passing of an animal ④ the trail of a hunted animal or fugitive ⑤ the sense of smell ⑥ a hint of something imminent; a suggestion vt. ⑦ to perceive or identify by the sense of smell ⑧ to suspect or detect as if by smelling ⑨ to fill with a pleasant odor; perfume vi. ⑩ (used of hounds) to hunt prey by means of the sense of smell 同 essence, fragrance, odor, smell

odor [ˈoʊdər]

中 n. 气味；名声，声誉 英 ① the property or quality of a thing that affects, stimulates, or is perceived by the sense of smell ② esteem, repute

meteorology [ˌmiːtiəˈrɑːlədʒi]

中 n. 气象学 英 the science that deals with the phenomena of the atmosphere, especially weather and weather conditions 【知识拓展】第一位建立气象学的人是古希腊哲学家亚里士多德。在 他的著作《气象学》 中，他最先叙述和粗浅地解释了风、云、雨、雪、雷、雹等天气现象， 而该书是世界上最早的气象学书籍。

meteorologist [ˌmiːtiəˈrɑːlədʒɪst]

中 n. 气象学家；天气预报员 英 ① one who studies meteorology ② one who reports and forecasts weather conditions, as on television

reservoir [ˈrezərvwɑːr]

中 n. 水库，蓄水池；储藏；储备，积蓄 英 ① a natural or artificial pond or lake used for the storage and regulation of water ② an underground accumulation of petroleum or natural gas ③ a large or extra supply; a reserve

puddle [ˈpʌdl]

中 n. 水洼，小水坑，(尤指) 雨水坑 vt. 使泥泞，搅浑；把 (泥土或沙 子) 制成胶土；搅炼 (金属) vi. 涉水，戏水 英 n. ① a small pool of water, especially rainwater vt. ② to make muddy ③ to work (clay or sand) into a thick, watertight paste ④ to process (impure metal) by puddling vi. ⑤ to splash or dabble in or as if in a pool of liquid

steam [stiːm]

中 n. 水蒸气，蒸汽；水汽；压力蒸汽 vi. 产生蒸汽；成蒸汽上升 vt. 蒸 英 n. ① the vapor phase of water ② a mist of cooling water vapor ③ pressurized water vapor used for heating, cooking, or to provide mechanical power vi. ④ to produce or emit steam ⑤ to become or rise up as steam vt. ⑥ to expose to steam, as in cooking

perspiration [ˌpɜːrspəˈreɪʃn]

中 n. 汗液，汗水；出汗 英 ① the fluid, consisting of water with small amounts of urea and salts, that is excreted through the pores of the skin by the sweat glands; sweat ② the act or process of perspiring 同 sweat

siren [ˈsaɪrən]

中 n. 汽笛；警报器 英 ① a device in which compressed air or steam is driven against a rotating perforated disk to create a loud, often wailing sound as a signal or warning ② an electronic device producing a similar sound as a signal or warning

trench [trentʃ]

中 n. 沟渠，壕沟 vt. 在...挖沟 vi. 挖沟 英 n. ① a deep furrow or ditch vt. ② to cut a trench in vi. ③ to dig trenches or a trench 同 channel, ditch, foxhole, moat

stream [striːm]

中 n. 河流，小溪 vi. 流动 vt. 渗出，溢出 英 n. ① a flow of water in a channel or bed, as a brook, rivulet, or small river vi. ② to flow in or as if in a stream vt. ③ to emit, discharge, or exude (a body fluid, for example) 同 brook, creek, flow, gush; brook, flood, flow, gush

oil [ɔɪl]

中 n. 油类；石油，汽油；油状物 vt. 给...加油 英 n. ① any of numerous mineral, vegetable, and synthetic substances and animal and vegetable fats that are generally slippery, combustible, viscous, liquid or liquefiable at room temperatures, soluble in various organic solvents such as ether but not in water, and used in a great variety of products, especially lubricants and fuels ② petroleum ③ a substance with an oily consistency vt. ④ to lubricate, supply, cover, or polish with oil

pastry [ˈpeɪstri]

中 n. 油酥面团；酥皮点心 英 ① dough or paste consisting primarily of flour, water, and shortening that is baked and often used as a crust for foods such as pies and tarts ② baked sweet foods made with pastry

swamp [swɑːmp]

中 n. 沼泽地；困境 vt. 淹没；使应接不暇 vi. 被淹没，沉没 英 n. ① a seasonally flooded bottomland with more woody plants than a marsh and better drainage than a bog ② a situation or place fraught with difficulties and imponderables vt. ③ to drench in or cover with or as if with water ④ to inundate or burden; overwhelm vi. ⑤ to become full of water or sink

morass [məˈræs]

中 n. 沼泽；困境 英 ① an area of low-lying, soggy ground ② something that hinders, engulfs, or overwhelms

decree [dɪ ˈkriː]

中 n. 法令，政令；判决，裁定 英 ① an authoritative order having the force of law ② the judgment of a court of equity, admiralty, probate, or divorce 同 command, dictation, order

statute [ˈstætʃuːt]

中 n. 法令；政令；条例 英 ① a law enacted by a legislature ② a decree or an edict, as of a ruler ③ an established law or rule, as of a corporation 同 decree, edict, enactment, legislation, regulation

kraut [kraʊt]

中 n. 泡菜 英 sauerkraut

dirt [dɜːrt]

中 n. 泥土，土壤；污物，烂泥，灰尘；卑鄙的人；下流话 英 ① earth or soil ② a filthy or soiling substance, such as mud or dust ③ one that is mean, contemptible, or vile ④ obscene language or subject matter 同 crap, filth, grease, grime, soil, stain, turd 【考点精析】Dirt is to immaculate as guilt is to innocent."缺乏"关系。"一尘不染的"缺乏"尘土"，"无辜的"缺乏"罪恶"。

mire [ˈmaɪər]

中 n. 泥沼；深而滑的土壤或泥；困境 vt. 使陷入泥沼，使陷入困境； 使受困扰 vi. 陷入泥潭 英 n. ① an area of wet, soggy, muddy ground; a bog ② deep, slimy soil or mud ③ a disadvantageous or difficult condition or situation vt. ④ to cause to sink or become stuck in or as if in mire ⑤ to hinder, entrap, or entangle as if in mire vi. ⑥ to sink or become stuck in mire

mud [mʌd]

中 n. 泥；诽谤 vt. 抹泥，弄脏 英 n. ① wet, sticky, soft earth, as on the banks of a river ② slanderous or defamatory charges or comments vt. ③ to cover or spatter with or as if with mud

detergent [dɪ ˈtɜːrdʒənt]

中 n. 洗涤剂 英 a cleansing substance that acts similarly to soap but is made from chemical compounds rather than fats and lye 【考点精析】Detergent is to stain as explanation is to confusion."消除"关系。"洗涤剂"消除"污渍"，"解释"消除"迷惑"。

grotto [ˈgrɑːtoʊ]

中 n. 洞穴；人工挖开的洞室 英 ① a small cave or cavern ② an artificial structure or excavation made to resemble a cave or cavern 同 cave, cavern, hole, tunnel

deluge [ˈdeljuːdʒ]

中 n. 洪水；暴雨；(洪水般) 涌来，泛滥 vt. 淹没；蜂拥而至，压倒 英 n. ① a great flood ② a heavy downpour ③ something that overwhelms as if by a great flood vt. ④ to overrun with water, inundate ⑤ to overwhelm with a large number or amount, swamp 同 flood, rain, storm, torrent; overflow, overwhelm, run over 【考点精析】Smolder is to blaze as drip is to deluge. 程度关系，前者比 后者程度低。"闷燃"对"熊熊燃烧"相当于"水滴"对"洪水"。

flood [flʌd]

中 n. 洪水；涨潮；大量，大批；探照灯 vt. 淹没，使泛滥；充斥，充满 vi. 被淹没；大量涌出 英 n. ① an overflowing of water onto land that is normally dry ② a flood tide ③ an abundant flow or outpouring ④ a floodlight, specifically a unit that produces a beam of intense light vt. ⑤ to cover or submerge with or as if with a flood; inundate ⑥ to fill with an abundance or an excess vi. ⑦ to become inundated or submerged ⑧ to pour forth; overflow 同 deluge

spirit [ˈspɪrɪt]

中 n. 活力；精神，心灵；灵魂 vt. 激励，鼓舞，使振作 英 n. ① the vital principle or animating force within living beings ② incorporeal consciousness ③ the soul, considered as departing from the body of a person at death vt. ④ to impart courage, animation, or determination to; inspirit

exile [ˈeksaɪl]

中 n. 流放，背井离乡；自我流放；流亡期间；流亡者，自我流放者 vt. 流放，放逐 英 n. ① enforced removal from one's native country ② self-imposed absence from one's country ③ the condition or a period of living away from one's native country ④ one who lives away from one's native country, whether because of expulsion or voluntary absence vt. ⑤ to send into exile, banish 同 banish, cast out, deport, exclude, expel

pulp [pʌlp]

中 n. 浆状物；纸浆；果肉 vt. 使成浆状 vi. 被制成浆状 英 n. ① a soft, moist, shapeless mass of matter ② a mixture of cellulose material,such as wood, paper and rags, ground up and moistened to make paper ③ the soft, moist part of fruit vt. ④ to reduce to pulp vi. ⑤ to be reduced to a pulpyconsistency 【考点精析】Yarn is to cloth as pulp is to paper. 物品及其原材料的关 系。"纺线"是"布"的原料，"纸浆"是"纸"的原料。

paste [peɪst]

中 n. 浆糊；糊状物；面团 vt. (用浆糊) 粘贴；裱糊，涂 英 n. ① a smooth viscous mixture, as of flour and water or of starch and water, that is used as an adhesive for joining light materials, such as paper and cloth ② a soft, smooth, thick mixture ③ a smooth dough of water, flour, and butter or other shortening, used in making pastry vt. ④ to cause to adhere by or as if by applying paste ⑤ to cover with something by or as if by pasting

spray [spreɪ]

中 n. 浪花，水花；喷雾 vt. 喷；喷洒液体于 (...表面) vi. 喷洒液体；雾 化 英 n. ① water or other liquid moving in a mass of dispersed droplets, as from a wave ② a fine jet of liquid discharged from a pressurized container vt. ③ to disperse (a liquid) in a mass or jet of droplets ④ to apply a spray to (a surface) vi. ⑤ to discharge sprays of liquid ⑥ to move in the form of a spray

plankton [ˈplæŋktən]

中 n. 浮游生物 英 the collection of small or microscopic organisms, including algae and protozoans, that float or drift in great numbers in fresh or salt water, especially at or near the surface, and serve as food for fish and other larger organisms

oceanography [ˌoʊʃəˈnɑːgrəfi]

中 n. 海洋学 英 the exploration and scientific study of the ocean and its phenomena

corsair [kɔːrˈser]

中 n. 海盗；海盗船 英 ① a pirate, especially along the Barbary Coast ② a swift pirate ship, often operating with official sanction 同 pirate

turtle [ˈtɜːrtl]

中 n. 海龟，鳖 vi. 捕海龟，捕鳖 英 n. ① any of various aquatic or terrestrial reptiles of the order Testudines (or Chelonia), having horny toothless jaws and a bony or leathery shell into which the head, limbs, and tail can be withdrawn in most species vi. ② to hunt for turtles, especially as an occupation 【考点精析】Frog is to toad as turtle is to tortoise. 近亲关系。"青 蛙"与"蟾蜍"，"海龟"与"陆龟"都属于近亲关系。

turmoil [ˈtɜːrmɔɪl]

中 n. 混乱，动乱 英 a state of extreme confusion or agitation 同 clamor, commotion, din, disorder, noise, racket, tumult

hybrid [ˈhaɪbrɪd]

中 n. 混合物；杂种，杂交动植物；混合词 英 ① something of mixed origin or composition, such as a computer or power plant, having two kinds of components that produce the same or similar results ② the offspring of genetically dissimilar parents or stock, especially the offspring produced by breeding plants or animals of different varieties, species, or races ③ a word whose elements are derived from different languages 同 crossbreed, half-breed, mongrel

infiltration [ˌɪnfɪl ˈtreɪʃn]

中 n. 渗透，渗入；渗透物 英 ① the act or process of infiltrating; the state of being infiltrated ② something that infiltrates 同 penetration

dodo [ˈdoʊdoʊ]

中 n. 渡渡鸟；落伍的人；愚蠢的人 英 ① a large, clumsy, flightless bird (Raphus cucullatus), formerly of the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean, that has been extinct since the late 17th century ② one whose dress, lifestyle, and ideas are hopelessly passé ③ a stupid person 【考点精析】Dinosaur is to reptile as dodo is to bird. 种属关系。"恐 龙"是一种"爬行动物"，"渡渡鸟"是一种"鸟"。

moderation [ˌmɑːdəˈreɪʃn]

中 n. 温和，稳健；适度，节制 英 ① avoiding extremes of behavior or expression: observing reasonable limits ② tending toward the mean or average amount or dimension; limited in scope or effect 同 calmness

thermometer [θərˈmɑːmɪtər]

中 n. 温度计，体温计 英 an instrument for measuring temperature, especially one having a graduated glass tube with a bulb containing a liquid, typically mercury or colored alcohol, that expands and rises in the tube as the temperature increases

parade [pəˈreɪd]

中 n. 游行，游行队伍；游行者；阅兵场；受阅部队 vi. 参加游行；参加 阅兵；漫步，散步 vt. 使参加游行；阅兵，检阅；在...行进；夸耀，炫 耀 英 n. ① an organized public procession on a festive or ceremonial occasion ② the participants in such a procession ③ a regular place of assembly for reviews of troops ④ the troops taking part in such a review vi. ⑤ to take part in a parade, march in a public procession ⑥ to assemble for a ceremonial military review ⑦ to stroll in public, especially so as to be seen; promenade vt. ⑧ to cause to take part in a parade ⑨ to assemble (troops) for a ceremonial review ⑩ to march or walk through or around ⑪ to exhibit ostentatiously, flaunt

solution [səˈluːʃn]

中 n. 溶液；溶解作用；解答，解决方法 英 ① a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, which may be solids, liquids, gases, or a combination of these ② the process of forming such a mixture ③ the answer to or disposition of a problem

roller [ˈroʊlər]

中 n. 滚动某物的人；滚动装置，滚轮；滚轴 英 ① one that rolls or performs a rolling operation or activity ② any of various cylindrical or spherical devices that roll or rotate, especially a small, spokeless wheel, such as that of a roller skate or caster ③ an elongated cylinder on which something, such as a window shade or towel, is wound

virtuoso [ˌvɜːrtʃuˈoʊzoʊ]

中 n. 演奏家；艺术大师 英 ① a musician with masterly ability, technique, or personal style ② a person with masterly skill or technique in the arts

lecture [ˈlektʃər]

中 n. 演讲；劝诫，责备 vi. 作演讲或系列演讲 vt. 给...作讲演；劝导， 责备 英 n. ① an exposition of a given subject delivered before an audience or a class, as for the purpose of instruction ② an earnest admonition or reproof; a reprimand vi. ③ to deliver a lecture or series of lectures vt. ④ to deliver a lecture to (a class or an audience) ⑤ to admonish or reprove earnestly, often at length

orator [ˈɔːrətər]

中 n. 演说者；雄辩家 英 ① one who delivers an oration ② an eloquent and skilled public speaker 同 public speaker, rhetorician, speechifier, speechmaker

whirlpool [ˈwɜːrlpuːl]

中 n. 漩涡；骚乱，骚动 英 ① a rapidly rotating current of water ② turmoil

ranger [ˈreɪndʒər]

中 n. 漫游者；巡逻队队员；(Ranger) 突击队员；护林员 英 ① a wanderer; a rover ② a member of an armed troop employed in patrolling a specific region ③ [Ranger]a member of a group of U.S. soldiers specially trained for making raids either on foot, in ground vehicles, or by airlift ④ a warden employed to maintain and protect a forest or other natural area

tide [taɪd]

中 n. 潮，潮汐；涨潮 vt. 顺着潮水搬运 英 n. ① the periodic variation in the surface level of the oceans and of bays, gulfs, inlets, and estuaries, caused by gravitational attraction of the moon and sun ② a specific occurrence of such a variation vt. ③ to carry along with or as if with the tide 同 current, flood, surge

shrub [ʃrʌb]

中 n. 灌木 英 a woody plant of relatively low height, having several stems arising from the base and lacking a single trunk; a bush 同 bush

lava [ˈlɑːvə]

中 n. 火山岩；熔岩 英 ① molten rock that reaches the earth's surface through a volcano or fissure ② the rock formed by the cooling and solidifying of molten rock 【考点精析】Water is to spring as lava is to volcano. 组成关 系。"水"是"泉水"的组成部分，"岩浆"是"火山"的组成部分。

furnace [ˈfɜːrnɪs]

中 n. 火炉；极热的地方；严峻的考验，磨难 英 ① an enclosure in which energy in a nonthermal form is converted to heat, especially such an enclosure in which heat is generated by the combustion of a suitable fuel ② an intensely hot place ③ a severe test or trial

plumber [ˈplʌmər]

中 n. 管子工，水暖工 英 one that installs and repairs pipes and plumbing

turkey [ˈtɜːrki]

中 n. 火鸡；不中用的人，草包；[T-]土耳其 英 ① a large North American bird (Meleagris gallopavo) that has brownish plumage and a bare, wattled head and neck and is widely domesticated for food ② a person considered inept or undesirable ③ [Turkey] a country of southwest Asia and southeast Europe between the Mediterranean and the Black seas

lamp [læmp]

中 n. 灯；酒精灯，油灯；启示，启发 英 ① a device that generates light, heat, or therapeutic radiation ② a vessel containing oil or alcohol burned through a wick for illumination ③ something that illumines the mind or soul

dexterity [dekˈsterəti]

中 n. 灵巧，敏捷；聪明，伶俐 英 ① skill and grace in physical movement, especially in the use of the hands; adroitness ② mental skill or adroitness, cleverness 同 competence, skill

nimbleness [ˈnɪmblnəs]

中 n. 灵敏；机敏 英 ① quickness and lightness in motion ② quick, alert, clever conception, compreh-ension, or resourcefulnes

primate [ˈpraɪmeɪt]

中 n. 灵长目；首席主教，大主教 英 ① a mammal of the order Primates, which includes the anthropoids and prosimians, characterized by refined development of the hands and feet, a shortened snout, and a large brain ② a bishop of highest rank in a province or country 【知识拓展】最小的灵长目动物(不包括树鼩鼱，该动物通常被视为独 立的一类)是西马达加斯加落叶林中最近被重新发现的小鼠狐猴。

stove [stoʊv]

中 n. 炉子；加热器 英 ① an apparatus in which electricity or a fuel is used to furnish heat, as for cooking or warmth ② a device that produces heat for specialized, especially industrial, purposes

showoff [ˈʃoʊɔːf]

中 n. 炫耀，卖弄；爱炫耀的人，喜欢卖弄的人 英 ① the act of showing off ② one who shows off

flue [fluː]

中 n. 烟道，暖气管 英 pipe, tube, or channel for conveying hot air, gas, steam, or smoke, as from a furnace or fireplace to a chimneyduct, pipe

jungle [ˈdʒʌŋgl]

中 n. 热带丛林；混乱一堆；复杂之物，谜团或迷宫；弱肉强食的地方 英 ① land densely overgrown with tropical vegetation ② a dense, confused mass; a jumble ③ something made up of many confused elements; a bewildering complex or maze ④ a place or milieu characterized by intense, often ruthless competition or struggle for survival 【考点精析】Parrot is to jungle as tuna is to ocean. 动物及其栖息地的 关系。"鹦鹉"生活在"丛林"里，"金枪鱼"生活在"海洋"里。

illumination [ɪˌluːmɪ ˈneɪʃn]

中 n. 照明；光亮源；启示；阐明，解释；彩饰，图案花饰 英 ① the act of illuminating ② a source of light ③ spiritual or intellectual enlightenment ④ clarification, elucidation ⑤ the art or act of decorating a text, a page, or an initial letter with ornamental designs, miniatures, or lettering

fusion [ˈfjuːʒn]

中 n. 熔化，熔解；熔合 英 ① the act or procedure of liquefying or melting by the application of heat ② the merging of different elements into a union 同 merge

fuel [ˈfjuːəl]

中 n. 燃料 vt. 加燃料于；激起，刺激 vi. 加燃料 英 n. ① something consumed to produce energy, especially a material such as wood, coal, gas, or oil burned to produce heat or power vt. ② to provide with fuel ③ to support or stimulate the activity or existence of vi. ④ to take in fuel

jester [ˈdʒestər]

中 n. 爱开玩笑的人；(中世纪宫廷中的) 小丑，弄臣 英 ① one given to jesting ② a fool or buffoon at medieval courts

plate [pleɪt]

中 n. 片，薄板；金属板；盘子 英 ① a smooth, flat, relatively thin, rigid body of uniform thickness ② a sheet of hammered, rolled, or cast metal ③ a shallow dish in which food is served or from which it is eaten

dentist [ˈdentɪst]

中 n. 牙科医生 英 a person who is trained and licensed to practice dentistry 【考点精析】Dentist is to teeth as dermatologist is to skin. 专科医生及 其研究(治疗)发病部位的关系。"牙医"研究治疗的是"牙齿"的病症，"皮肤病学家"研究治疗的是"皮肤"病症。

shepherd [ˈʃepərd]

中 n. 牧羊人；看护人 vt. 牧羊；看管 英 n. ① one who herds, guards, and tends sheep ② one who cares for and guides a group of people, as a minister or teacher vt. ③ to herd, guard, tend, or guide as or in the manner of a shepherd 同 sheepman

pasture [ˈpæstʃər]

中 n. 牧草；牧场；放牧 vt. 放牧；(牛、羊) 吃 (青草) vi. 牛羊吃草 英 n. ① grass or other vegetation eaten as food by grazing animals ② ground on which such vegetation grows, especially that which is set aside for use by domestic grazing animals ③ the feeding or grazing of animals vt. ④ to herd (animals) into a pasture to graze, to provide (animals) with pasturage ⑤ to graze on (land or vegetation) vi. ⑥ to graze in a pasture 同 ranch

substance [ˈsʌbstəns]

中 n. 物体；物质；实质；主旨；内容 英 ① that which has mass and occupies space; matter ② a material of a particular kind or constitution ③ essential nature; essence ④ gist; heart ⑤ that which is solid and practical in character, quality, or importance

incident [ˈɪnsɪdənt]

中 n. 特定事件；附带事件；突发事件 adj. 伴随发生的；相关事件的 英 n. ① a definite and separate occurrence; an event ② a usually minor event or condition that is subordinate to another ③ an occurrence or event that interrupts normal procedure or precipitates a crisis adj. ④ tending to arise or occur as a result or an accompaniment ⑤ related to or dependent on another thing

quality [ˈkwɑːləti]

中 n. 特性；品质，品德；本质，本性 adj. 优良的，优质的 英 n. ① an inherent or distinguishing characteristic; a property ② a personal trait, especially a character trait ③ essential character; nature adj. ④ having a high degree of excellence

spectator [ˈspekteɪtər]

中 n. 目击者；观看者，观众 英 an observer of an event 同 observer 【考点精析】Bystander is to event as spectator is to game. 前者观看后 者。"旁观者"旁观"事件"，"观众"观看"比赛"。

plow [plaʊ]

中 n. 犁；似犁的工具 vt. 用犁耕 (地) vi. 犁田；费力前进 英 n. ① a farm implement consisting of a heavy blade at the end of a beam, usually hitched to a draft team or motor vehicle and used for breaking up soil and cutting furrows in preparation for sowing ② an implement of similar function, such as a snowplow vt. ③ to break and turn over (earth) with a plow vi. ④ to break and turn over (earth) with a plow ⑤ to make or form with driving force

groomer [ˈgruːmər]

中 n. 犬只美容师 英 a person who is professionally trained in the make up of dogs

rage [reɪdʒ]

中 n. 狂怒，盛怒；狂暴，猖獗 vi. 发怒，怒斥；激烈进行；席卷，蔓延 英 n. ① violent, explosive anger; a fit of anger ② furious intensity, as of a storm or disease vi. ③ to speak or act in violent anger ④ to move with great violence or intensity ⑤ to spread or prevail forcefully 同 anger, fury, indignation, outrage, wrath; anger, irritate

zealot [ˈzelət]

中 n. 狂热者，盲从者 英 one who is zealous, especially excessively so; a fanatically committed person 同 devotee, enthusiast, fanatic

kennel [ˈkenl]

中 n. 狗窝，狗房；野生动物的巢穴 vt. 把...放或关在窝里 vi. 待在或 躺在狗窝或类似狗窝的地方 英 n. ① a shelter for a dog ② the lair of a wild animal, such as a fox vt. ③ to place or keep in or as if in a kennel vi. ④ to take cover or lie in or as if in a kennel

hovel [ˈhʌvl]

中 n. 狭小简陋的屋子；露天矮棚 英 ① a small, miserable dwelling ② an open, low shed 同 cabin, hut, shack, shanty, shed

quarry [ˈkwɔːri]

中 n. 猎物，被猎食者；追捕目标；采石场 vt. 采 (石) 英 n. ① a hunted animal; hunted animals considered as a group; game; prey ② an object of pursuit ③ an open excavation or pit from which stone is obtained by digging, cutting, or blasting vt. ④ to obtain (stone) from a quarry, as by cutting, digging, or blasting 同 game, prey, target 【考点精析】Granite is to quarry as ore is to mine. 位置关系。"花岗 岩"在"采石场"，"矿石"在"矿场"。

hound [haʊnd]

中 n. 猎犬；追踪者；有瘾的人 vt. 追逼，不断地烦扰 英 n. ① a domestic dog of any of various breeds commonly used for hunting, characteristically having drooping ears, a short coat, and a deep, resonant voice ② one who eagerly pursues something ③ devotee or an enthusiast vt. ④ to pursue relentlessly and tenaciously 同 dog, follower, hunter; chase, press

wrench [rentʃ]

中 n. 猛扭；扭伤；情绪的突然起伏 vt. 猛扭 英 n. ① a sudden sharp, forcible twist or turn ② an injury produced by twisting or straining ③ a sudden tug at one's emotions; a surge of compassion, sorrow, or anguish vt. ④ to twist or turn suddenly and forcibly

precipitation [prɪˌsɪpɪ ˈteɪʃn]

中 n. 猛然落下 (或冲下)；降水；降水量 英 ① a headlong fall or rush ② any form of water, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail, that falls to the Earth's surface ③ the quantity of such water falling in a specific area within a specific period

mammoth [ˈmæməθ]

中 n. 猛犸；庞然大物 adj. 庞大的 英 n. ① any of various large, hairy, extinct elephants of the genus Mammuthus, especially the woolly mammoth (M. primigenius), once widespread in the Northern Hemisphere ② something of great size adj. ③ of enormous size; huge 同 colossal, enormous, gargantuan, gigantic, huge, immense, vast

scarlet [ˈskɑːrlət]

中 n. 猩红色；猩红色的布 adj. 猩红色的 英 n. ① a strong color to vivid red or reddish orange ② scarlet-colored clothing or cloth adj. ③ of a strong color to vivid red or reddish orange 同 blood-red, carmine, cerise, cherry, crimson, vermilion

hog [hɔːg]

中 n. 猪；家畜猪，食用猪；自私、贪吃或肮脏的人 vt. (像猪那样地) 拱起 (背) vi. (船的龙骨) 中部拱起 英 n. ① any of various mammals of the family Suidae, which includes the domesti-cated pig as well as wild species, such as the boar and the wart hog ② a domesticated pig, especially one weighing over 54 kilograms(120 pounds) ③ a self-indulgent, gluttonous, or filthy person vt. ④ to cause (the back) to arch like that of a hog vi. ⑤ to arch upward in the middle, used of a ship's keel

jade [dʒeɪd]

中 n. 玉石 vt. 使疲惫，使疲惫不堪 vi. 疲倦 英 n. ① either of two distinct minerals, nephrite and jadeite, that are generally pale green or white and are used mainly as gemstones or in carving vt. ② to wear out, as by overuse or overindulgence vi. ③ to become weary or spiritless 同 emerald

royalty [ˈrɔɪəlti]

中 n. 王室成员；王族 英 ① a person of royal rank or lineage ② monarchs and their families considered as a group

juggler [ˈdʒʌglər]

中 n. 玩戏法杂耍的人；行骗者 英 ① one that juggles objects or performs other tricks of manual dexterity ② one that uses tricks, deception, or fraud 【考点精析】Dancer is to feet as juggler is to hands. 人物及其活动部位 的关系。"舞者"用"脚"跳舞，"变戏法者"用"手"变戏法。

lagoon [ləˈguːn]

中 n. 环礁湖，泻湖 英 a shallow body of water, especially one separated from a sea by sandbars or coral reefs 同 lake 【知识拓展】由珊瑚礁围成的泻湖，水深一般在20～100 米之间，宽达 几千米。平面形态多呈环状或马蹄状，有缺口与海洋相通。湖内风 平浪静，是优良的避风港。如太平洋马绍尔群岛中的比基尼环礁就 有巨大的礁湖。

sphere [sfɪr]

中 n. 球体；球形，球形物 vt. 使...形成球体；将...置于球面内部 英 n. ① a three-dimensional surface, all points of which are equidistant from a fixed point ② a spherical object or figure vt. ③ to form into a sphere ④ to put in or within a sphere 【考点精析】Circle is to sphere as square is to cube. 平面和立体的关 系。"圆形"对"球体"，"正方形"对"立方体"。

helicopter [ˈhelɪkɑːptər]

中 n. 直升机 vi. 乘直升飞机，用直升飞机载送 英 n. ① an aircraft that derives its lift from blades that rotate about an approximately vertical central axis vi. ② to go or transport by helicopter 【考点精析】Helicopter is to rotor as ship is to propeller. 交通工具及其 动力来源的关系。 "旋翼"推动"直升机"前进，"螺旋桨"推动"船"前进。

trifle [ˈtraɪfl]

中 n. 琐事；少量；屈莱弗甜食 vt. 藐视，轻视；嘲弄，取笑；随意摆弄， 玩弄 英 n. ① something of little importance or value ② a small amount ③ a dessert typically consisting of plain or sponge cake soaked in sherry, rum, or brandy and topped with layers of jam or jelly, custard, and whipped cream vt. ④ to deal with something as if it were of little significance or value ⑤ to act, perform, or speak with little seriousness or purpose ⑥ to play or toy with something 同 dearth, shortage, trivia, triviality, dally, flirt

valve [vælv]

中 n. 瓣，瓣膜；阀，活门；栓塞 英 ① a membranous structure in a hollow organ or passage, as in an artery or a vein, that folds or closes to prevent the return flow of the body fluid passing through it ② any of various devices that regulate the flow of gases, liquids, or loose materials through piping or through apertures by opening, closing, or obstructing ports or passageways ③ the movable control element of such a device

tile [taɪl]

中 n. 瓦片，瓷砖；排水瓦管 vt. 给...铺瓦，给...铺地砖或贴瓷砖； 给...装瓦管 英 n. ① a thin, flat or convex slab of hard material such as baked clay or plastic, laid in rows to cover walls, floors, and roofs ② a short length of pipe made of clay or concrete, used in sewers and drains vt. ③ to cover or provide with tiles

novice [ˈnɑːvɪs]

中 n. 生手；新信徒 英 ① a person new to a field or activity, a beginner ② a person who has entered a religious order but has not yet taken final vows 同 begginer, neophyte

shell [ʃel]

中 n. 甲壳；蛋壳，果壳 vt. 给...去壳 vi. 脱壳；拾贝壳 英 n. ① the usually hard outer covering that encases certain organisms, such as mollusks, insects, and turtles; the carapace ② a similar outer covering on an egg, a fruit, or a nut vt. ③ to remove the shell of; shuck vi. ④ to shed or become free of a shell ⑤ to look for or collect shells, as on a seashore 同 shuck

electrician [ɪˌlekˈtrɪʃn]

中 n. 电气技师，电工 英 one whose occupation is the installation, maintenance, repair, or operation of electric equipment and circuitry

warlock [ˈwɔːrlɑːk]

中 n. 男巫，术士 英 a male witch, sorcerer, wizard, or demon 【考点精析】Witch is to warlock as goose is to gander. 公母/ 男女关 系。"女巫"对"男巫"，"母鹅"对"公鹅"

corral [kəˈræl]

中 n. 畜栏；(防备袭击的) 环形车阵 vt. 把...赶入围栏；把 (马车) 围成环形车阵；控制或占有 英 n. ① an enclosure for confining livestock ② an enclosure formed by a circle of wagons for defense against attack during an encampment vt. ③ to drive into and hold in a corral ④ to arrange (wagons) in a corral ⑤ to take control or possessionof 【考点精析】Hive is to bees as corral is to sheep. 动物及其住所的关 系。"蜜蜂"住在"蜂房"里，"绵羊"住在"畜栏"里。

wart [wɔːrt]

中 n. 疣，肉赘；树瘤；令人讨厌的人；瑕疵，缺点 英 ① a hard, rough lump growing on the skin, caused by infection with certain viruses and occurring typically on the hands or feet ② a similar growth or protuberance, as on a plant ③ one that resembles or is likened to a wart, especially in unattractiveness or smallness ④ an imperfection

fatigue [fəˈtiːg]

中 n. 疲劳 vt. 使疲劳 英 n. ① physical or mental weariness resulting from exertion vt. ② to tire with physical or mental exertion, weary 同 exhaustion, strain, tiredness, weariness; exhaust, strain

gallop [ˈgæləp]

中 n. 疾驰，飞奔；骑马疾驰；飞跑 vt. 使 (马) 疾驰 vi. 骑马疾驰 英 n. ① a natural three-beat gait of a horse, faster than a canter, in which all four feet are off the ground at the same time during each stride ② a ride taken at a gallop ③ a rapid pace vt. ④ to cause to gallop vi. ⑤ to ride a horse at a gallop 同 ride, run, sprint, trot

pathology [pəˈθɑːlədʒi]

中 n. 病理学；病理，症状；反常 英 ① the scientific study of the nature of disease and its causes, processes, development, and consequences ② the anatomic or functional manifestations of a disease ③ a departure or deviation from a normal condition 【考点精析】Pathology is to disease as psychology is to mind. 学科与其 研究对象的关系。"病理学"研究的是"疾病"，"心理学"研究的是"精 神"。

cramp [kræmp]

中 n. 痉挛；抽筋 vt. 使痉挛 vi. 痉挛 英 n. ① a sudden, involuntary, spasmodic muscular contraction causing severe pain, often occurring in the leg or shoulder as the result of strain or chill ② a temporary partial paralysis of habitually or excessively used muscles vt. ③ to affect with or as if with a cramp vi. ④ to suffer from or experience cramps

track [træk]

中 n. 痕迹，踪迹，轨迹；轨道 vt. 跟踪，追踪 vi. 沿着轨道前进 英 n. ① a mark or succession of marks left by something that has passed ② a path along which something moves vt. ③ to follow the tracks of vi. ④ to move along a track 同 chase, lead, tail, trace, trail

proclivity [prəˈklɪvəti]

中 n. 癖性；倾向 英 a natural propensity or inclination; predisposition 同 inclination, leaning, predisposition, propensity

peel [piːl]

中 n. 皮，外皮 vt. 剥皮，削皮 vi. 脱皮；剥落，脱落 英 n. ① the skin or rind of certain fruits and vegetables vt. ② to strip or cut away the skin, rind, or bark from; pare vi. ③ to lose or shed skin, bark, or other covering ④ to come off in thin strips or pieces, as bark, skin, or paint 同 skin; pare, skin, strip

tub [tʌb]

中 n. 盆；澡盆 vt. 把...放入盆中 英 n. ① an open, flat-bottomed vessel, usually round and typically wider than it is deep, used for washing, packing, or storing ② a bathtub vt. ③ to pack or store in a tub

superintendent [ˌsuːpərɪnˈtendənt]

中 n. 监管人；看门人 英 ① a person who has the authority to supervise or direct ② a janitor or custodian in a building, especially in an apartment house

embezzler [ɪmˈbezlər]

中 n. 盗用公款者，侵贪公款犯 英 one who takes money for his or her own use in violation of a trust

witness [ˈwɪtnəs]

中 n. 目击者，见证人；证人 英 ① one who can give a firsthand account of something seen, heard, or experienced ② one who furnishes evidence

scope [skoʊp]

中 n. 眼界，见识；机会，余地；范围，领域 vt. 仔细研究 英 n. ① the range of one's perceptions, thoughts, or actions ② breadth or opportunity to function ③ the area covered by a given activity or subject vt. ④ to examine or study carefully and in detail 同 extent, gamut, limit, range, reach

obsession [əbˈseʃn]

中 n. 着魔，萦绕；妄想 英 ① compulsive preoccupation with a fixed idea or an unwanted feeling or emotion, often accompanied by symptoms of anxiety ② a compulsive, often unreasonable idea or emotion 同 compulsion, fascination, fixation

instant [ˈɪnstənt]

中 n. 瞬间，顷刻；此刻，那一刻 adj. 立即的，马上的；紧迫的，急迫 的；速溶的 英 n. ① an almost imperceptible space of time ② a particular time adj. ③ occurring at once; immediate ④ imperative; urgent ⑤ readily soluble in water 同 current, direct, immediate, present, urgent

spear [spɪr]

中 n. 矛，枪；鱼叉 vt. 用矛刺，用尖物刺 vi. 用矛刺某物，用尖物刺某 物 英 n. ① a weapon consisting of a long shaft with a sharply pointed end ② a shaft with a sharp point and barbs for spearing fish vt. ③ to pierce with or as if with a spear vi. ④ to stab at something with or as if with a spear

confidante [ˈkɑːnfɪdænt]

中 n. 知己的女友；红粉知己 英 ① a woman to whom secrets or private matters are disclosed ② a woman character in a drama or fiction, such as a trusted friend or servant, who serves as a device for revealing the inner thoughts or intentions of a main character

rectangle [ˈrektæŋgl]

中 n. 矩形，长方形 英 a four-sided plane figure with four right angles

cornet [ˈkɔːrnɪt]

中 n. 短号；圆锥形纸袋；锥形头饰 英 ① a wind instrument of the trumpet class, having three valves operated by pistons ② piece of paper twisted into a cone and used to hold small wares such as candy or nuts ③ a headdress, often coneshaped, worn by women in the 12th and 13th centuries

pony [ˈpoʊni]

中 n. 矮种马，小型马 v. 借助逐字翻译学习 英 n. ① any of several types or breeds of horses that are small in size when full grown, such as the Shetland pony v. ② to study with the aid of word-for-word translation

graphite [ˈgræfaɪt]

中 n. 石墨 英 a soft, steel-gray to black, hexagonally crystallized allotrope of carbon with a metallic luster and a greasy feel, used in lead pencils, lubricants, paints, and coatings, that is fabricated into a variety of forms such as molds, bricks, electrodes, crucibles, and rocket nozzles 【知识拓展】碳的存在形式是多种多样的，有晶态单质碳如金刚石、 石墨；有无定形碳如煤；有复杂的有机化合物如动植物等；碳酸盐如 大理石等。单质碳的物理和化学性质取决于它的晶体结构。高硬度 的金刚石和柔软滑腻的石墨晶体结构不 同，各有各的外观、密度、 熔点等。

lime [laɪm]

中 n. 石灰；粘鸟胶 vt. 用石灰处理；涂粘鸟胶 英 n. ① any of various mineral and industrial forms of calcium oxide differing chiefly in water content and percentage of constituents such as silica, alumina, and iron ② birdlime vt. ③ to treat with lime ④ to smear with birdlime

ore [ɔːr]

中 n. 矿石 英 mineral or an aggregate of minerals from which a valuable constituent, especially a metal, can be profitably mined or extracted

tatter [ˈtætər]

中 n. 破布条，碎布 v. (使) 变得破破烂烂 英 n. ① a torn and hanging piece of cloth; a shred v. ② to make or become ragged 同 rag, shred, tag

corroboration [kəˌrɑːbəˈreɪʃn]

中 n. 确认，证实 英 supporting with evidence or authority: make more certain 同 certification, confirmation

shred [ʃred]

中 n. 碎片，碎条；极少量，些许 vt. 切碎，撕碎 英 n. ① a long, irregular strip cut or torn off ② a small amount; a particle vt. ③ to cut or tear into shreds 同 cut, tear 【考点精析】Crush is to pulverize as cut is to shred. 同义关系。

disintegration [dɪsˌɪntɪ ˈgreɪʃn]

中 n. 碎裂，瓦解；【核】裂变，衰变 英 ① the act or process of disintegrating, the state of being disintegrated ② the natural or induced transformation of an atomic nucleus from a more massive to a less massive configuration by the emission of particles or radiation 同 annihilation, decay, decomposition, dissolution, radioactive decay

magnet [ˈmægnət]

中 n. 磁体；电磁体；有吸引力的人、地方、物体或者场景 英 ① an object that is surrounded by a magnetic field and that has the property, either natural or induced, of attracting iron or steel ② an electromagnet ③ a person, a place, an object, or a situation that exerts attraction

mill [mɪl]

中 n. 磨坊；磨臼，磨粉机 vt. 研磨，粉碎 vi. 乱转 英 n. ① a building equipped with machinery for grinding grain into flour or meal ② a device or mechanism that grinds grain vt. ③ to grind, pulverize, or break down into smaller particles in a mill vi. ④ to move around in churning confusion

liturgy [ˈlɪtərdʒi]

中 n. 礼拜仪式 英 a prescribed form or set of forms for public Christian ceremonies; ritual

tribute [ˈtrɪbjuːt]

中 n. 礼物，称颂，颂词；证明，证据；贡金，贡品；敲诈得来的钱财 英 ① a gift, payment, declaration, or other acknowledgment of gratitude, respect, or admiration ② evidence attesting to some praiseworthy quality or characteristic ③ a payment in money or other valuables made by one ruler or nation to another in acknowledgment of submission or as the price of protection or security ④ any payment exacted for protection 同 compliment, contribution, donation, eulogy, laudation, subscription

etiquette [ˈetɪket]

中 n. 礼节，礼仪 英 the practices and forms prescribed by social convention or by authority

emerald [ˈemərəld]

中 n. 祖母绿，绿宝石；翠绿色 英 ① a brilliant green to grass-green transparent variety of beryl, used as a gemstone ② a strong yellowish green 【考点精析】Emerald is to green as ruby is to red. 宝石及其颜色的关 系。"绿宝石"是"绿色的"，"红宝石"是"红色的"。

stoic [ˈstoʊɪk]

中 n. 禁欲主义者 adj. 不为苦乐所影响的，淡泊的 英 n. ① one who is seemingly indifferent to or unaffected by joy, grief, pleasure, or pain adj. ② seemingly indifferent to or unaffected by pleasure or pain; impassive 【考点精析】Stoic is to emotion as amorphous is to shape."缺乏"关系， 前者缺乏后者。 "冷漠的"缺乏"情感"，"无形的"缺乏"形状"。

straw [strɔː]

中 n. 禾杆，麦秆，稻草；吸管；稻草或麦秆制品 adj. 麦秆的，稻草的 英 n. ① stalks of threshed grain, used as bedding and food for animals, for thatching, and for weaving or braiding, as into baskets ② a slender tube used for sucking up a liquid ③ something, such as a hat or basket, made of straw adj. ④ of, relating to, or made of straw

secretary [ˈsekrəteri]

中 n. 秘书；书记官；部长；写字台 英 ① a person employed to handle correspondence, keep files, and do clerical work for another person or an organization ② an officer who keeps records, takes minutes of the meetings, and answers correspondence, as for a company ③ an official who presides over an administrative department of state ④ a desk with a small bookcase on top

lease [liːs]

中 n. 租契；租期 vt. 出租；租得 英 n. ① a contract granting use or occupation of property during a specified period in exchange for a specified rent ② the term or duration of such a contract vt. ③ to grant use or occupation of under the terms of a contract ④ to get or hold by such a contract

rent [rent]

中 n. 租金，租费；收益 vt. 租借，租用；出租，招租 vi. 被租用，出租 英 n. ① payment, usually of an amount fixed by contract, made by a tenant at specified intervals in return for the right to occupy or use the property of another; a similar payment made for the use of a facility, equipment, or service provided by another ② the return derived from cultivated or improved land after deduction of all production costs vt. ③ to obtain occupancy or use of (another's property) in return for regular payments ④ to grant temporary occupancy or use of (one's own property or a service) in return for regular payments vi. ⑤ to be for rent

locomotion [ˌloʊkəˈmoʊʃn]

中 n. 移动；移动能力 英 ① the act of moving from place to place ② the ability to move from place to place 【考点精析】Speak is to communication as walk is to locomotion. 同义 关系。"说"即"交流"，"走"即"移动"。

removal [rɪ ˈmuːvl]

中 n. 移动；迁移，重新安置 英 ① the act of removing ② relocation, as of a residence or business 同 locomotion, migration, motion

empathy [ˈempəθi]

中 n. 移情作用，感同身受 英 identification with and understanding of another's situation, feelings, and motives

fringe [frɪndʒ]

中 n. 穗，流苏；穗状物；边缘，外围 vt. 加穗于；是...的边缘 英 n. ① a decorative border or edging of hanging threads, cords, or strips, often attached to a separate band ② something that resembles such a border or edging ③ a marginal, peripheral, or secondary part vt. ④ to decorate with or as if with a fringe ⑤ to serve as a fringe to

cube [kjuːb]

中 n. 立方体；小房间 vt. 测定...的体积；使...成立方体，将...切成方块 英 n. ① a regular solid having six congruent square faces ② a cubicle, used for work or study vt. ③ to determine the cubic contents of ④ to form or cut into cubes, dice 【考点精析】Circle is to sphere as square is to cube. 平面和立体的关系。"圆形"对"球体"，"正方形"对"立方体"

octopus [ˈɑːktəpəs]

中 n. 章鱼；章鱼式的东西 (尤指深入各方面的强有力的组织势力等) 英 ① any of numerous carnivorous marine mollusks of the genus Octopus or related genera, found worldwide, having a rounded soft body, eight tentacles with each bearing two rows of suckers, a large distinct head, and a strong beaklike mouth ② something, such as a multinational corporation, that has many powerful, centrally controlled branches 【知识拓展】章鱼，又称石居、八爪鱼、坐蛸、石吸、望潮、死牛，属于 软体动物门头足纲八腕目(Octopoda)。章鱼有8 个腕足，腕足上有许 多吸盘；有时会喷出黑色的墨汁，帮助逃跑。有些章鱼有相当发达 的大脑，可以分辨镜中的自己；也可以走出科学家设计的迷宫，吃 到迷宫中的螃蟹。

farce [fɑːrs]

中 n. 笑剧，闹剧，滑稽剧 vt. 在 (讲演) 中穿插笑料 英 n. ① a light dramatic work in which highly improbable plot situations, exaggerated characters, and often slapstick elements are used for humorous effect vt. ② to pad or fill out (a speech, for example) with jokes or witticisms

script [skrɪpt]

中 n. 笔迹；手写体；书写体系；【印】书写体 (铅字)；剧本 vt. 为电影或 广播写 (剧本)；编造 英 n. ① handwriting ② a style of writing with cursive characters ③ a particular system of writing ④ a style of type that imitates handwriting ⑤ the text of a play, broadcast, or movie vt. ⑥ to prepare (a text) for filming or broadcasting ⑦ to orchestrate (behavior or an event, for example) as if writing a script

figure [ˈfɪgjər]

中 n. 符号，图形；数字；外形，轮廓 v. 计算 英 n. ① a written or printed symbol representing something other than a letter, especially a number ② an amount represented in numbers ③ the outline, form, or silhouette of a thing v. ④ to calculate with numbers

level [ˈlevl]

中 n. 等级；程度，水平；适当的位置；高度，深度 adj. 表面平坦的 vt. 使成为水平，使平坦，使平均；拆毁 vi. 使平等 英 n. ① relative position or rank on a scale ② a relative degree, as of achievement, intensity, or concentration ③ a natural or proper position, place, or stage ④ po-sition along a vertical axis; height or depth adj. ⑤ having a flat, smooth surface vt. ⑥ to make horizontal, flat, or even ⑦ to tear down; raze vi. ⑧ to bring persons or things to an equal level; equalize

silo [ˈsaɪloʊ]

中 n. 筒位；青贮窖；导弹发射井 vt. 把...储存在筒仓内 英 n. ① a tall cylindrical structure, usually beside a barn, in which fodder is stored ② a pit dug for the same purpose ③ an underground shelter for a missile, usually equipped to launch the missile or to raise it into a launching position vt. ④ to store in a silo

signature [ˈsɪgnətʃər]

中 n. 签名，署名；识别标志，明显特征 英 ① one's name as written by oneself ② the act of signing one's name ③ a distinctive mark, characteristic, or sound indicating identity

tube [tuːb]

中 n. 管子；管状器官；地铁；内胎 vt. 提供管子 英 n. ① a hollow cylinder, especially one that conveys a fluid or functions as a passage ② an organic structure having the shape or function of a tube ③ a subway ④ an inner tube vt. ⑤ to provide with a tube 同 pipe, subway

duct [dʌkt]

中 n. 管，管道 vt. 用管道输送 英 n. ① an often enclosed passage or channel for conveying asubstance, especially a liquid or gas vt. ② to channel through a duct

klutz [klʌts]

中 n. 粗笨的人；傻瓜 英 ① a clumsy person ② a person regarded as stupid

delirium [dɪ ˈlɪriəm]

中 n. 精神错乱；极度兴奋，发狂 英 ① a temporary state of mental confusion and clouded consciousness resulting from high fever, intoxication, shock, or other causes, characterized by anxiety, disorientation, hallucinations, delusions, trembling, and incoherent speech ② a state of uncontrolled excitement or emotion 同 craze, frenzy, hysteria

emergency [i ˈmɜːrdʒənsi]

中 n. 紧急情况，突然事件 英 a serious situation or occurrence that happens unexpectedly and demands immediate action 同 contingency, crisis, crucial period, exigency, juncture

purple [ˈpɜːrpl]

中 n. 紫色；紫色衣服 adj. 紫色的 v. (使) 变成紫色 英 n. ① any of a group of colors with a hue between that of violet and red ② cloth of a color between violet and red, formerly worn as a symbol of royalty or high office adj. ③ of the color purple v. ④ to make or become purple

rendezvous [ˈrɑːndɪvuː]

中 n. 约会，会面 v. (使在约定的时间和地点) 会面，集合 英 n. ① a meeting at a prearranged time and place v. ② to cause to assemble or to assemble at a prearranged time and place 同 appointment, meeting

monument [ˈmɑːnjumənt]

中 n. 纪念碑；墓碑；历史遗址；不朽的作品；杰出的典范 英 ① a structure, such as a building or sculpture, erected as a memorial ② an inscribed marker placed at a grave, a tombstone ③ something venerated for its enduring historic significance or association with a notable past person or thing ④ an outstanding, enduring achievement ⑤ an exceptional example

purity [ˈpjʊrəti]

中 n. 纯净；纯粹；清白，纯洁 英 ① the quality or condition of being pure ② a quantitative assessment of homogeneity or uniformity ③ freedom from sin or guilt; innocence; chastity 同 chastity, innocence

yarn [jɑːrn]

中 n. 纺线，纱线 英 a continuous strand of twisted threads of natural or synthetic material, such as wool or nylon, used in weaving or knitting 【考点精析】Yarn is to cloth as pulp is to paper. 物品及其原材料的关 系。"纺线"是"布" 的原料，"纸浆"是"纸"的原料。

hint [hɪnt]

中 n. 线索，迹象；提示，注意事项；暗示 v. 暗示 英 n. ① a slight indication or intimation ② a brief or indirect suggestion, a tip ③ a statement conveying information in an indirect fashion, a clue v. ④ to indicate or make known in an indirect manner 同 clue, suggestion; imply, indicate, suggest

thread [θred]

中 n. 线；细丝；丝状物 vt. 穿线于；装 (胶卷) 于 vi. 小心地通过 英 n. ① fine cord of a fibrous material, such as cotton or flax, made of two or more filaments twisted together and used in needlework and the weaving of cloth ② a thin strand, cord, or filament of natural or manufactured material ③ something that suggests the continuousness of such a strand, cord, or filament vt. ④ to pass one end of a thread through the eye of (a needle, for example) ⑤ to pass (a tape or film) into or through a device vi. ⑥ to make one's way cautiously

organization [ˌɔːrgənəˈzeɪʃn]

中 n. 组织；条理，系统；组织，机构，团体 英 ① the act or process of organizing, the state or manner of being organized ② something that has been organized or made into an ordered whole ③ something made up of elements with varied functions that contribute to the whole and to collective functions, an organism

minutia [mɪ ˈnjuːʃɪə]

中 n. 细枝末节，琐碎的小事 英 a small or trivial detail 同 trivia, unimportant things

mist [mɪst]

中 n. 细雨；雾 vi. 下阵阵细雨；变模糊 vt. 喷洒；使蒙上薄雾，使模糊 英 n. ① a mass of fine droplets of water in the atmosphere near or in contact with the earth ② water vapor condensed on and clouding the appearance of a surface vi. ③ to rain in a fine shower ④ to be or become obscured or blurred by or as if by mist vt. ⑤ to moisturize (plants or dry air, for example) with a fine spray of water ⑥ to conceal or veil with or as if with mist 同 blur, cloud, dimness, fog, haze

fabric [ˈfæbrɪk]

中 n. 织物，布料；(社会、机构等的) 基本结构；(建筑物的) 基本构造 (如墙、地面、屋顶等) 英 ① material made by weaving wool, cotton, silk, etc. ② the basic structure of a society, an organization, etc. that enables it to function successfully ③ the basic structure of a building such as the walls, floor and roof 【考点精析】Fabric is to clothing as glass is to window. 事物及其原材 料的关系。"布料"是制"衣服"的材料，"玻璃"是做"窗户"的材料。

tapestry [ˈtæpəstri]

中 n. 织锦，挂毯 vt. 用挂毯装饰；(在挂毯上) 编织、描绘 英 n. ① a heavy cloth woven with rich, often varicolored designs or scenes, usually hung on walls for decoration and sometimes used to cover furniture vt. ② to hang or decorate with tapestry ③ to make, weave, or depict in a tapestry

doldrums [ˈdoʊldrəmz]

中 n. 经济萧条期；忧郁，意志消沉；赤道无风带 英 ① a period of stagnation or slump ② a period of depression or unhappy listlessness ③ a region of the ocean near the equator,characterized by calms, light winds, or squalls 同 blues, gloom 【考点精析】该词的原义是"赤道无风带"但经常考的意思是另外两个："经济萧条期"和"忧郁意志消沉"。

finale [fɪ ˈnæli]

中 n. 结尾，终曲，末乐章 英 the concluding part, especially of a musical composition 同 end

consequence [ˈkɑːnsəkwens]

中 n. 结果；(逻辑上的) 结果；推论，结论；显要；重要，重要性 英 ① something that logically or naturally follows from an action or condition ② the relation of a result to its cause ③ a logicalco nclusion or inference ④ importance in rank or position ⑤ significance, importance

impasse [ˈɪmpæs]

中 n. 绝境，死路；僵局 英 ① a road or passage having no exit ② a situation that is so difficult that no progress can be made, a deadlock or a stalemate 同 deadlock, desperate situation, stalemate, standstill

governor [ˈgʌvərnər]

中 n. 统治者；州长；管理者；军事指挥官 英 ① a person who governs ② the chief executive of a state in the United States ③ the manager or administrative head of an organization, a business, or an institution ④ a military commandant

inheritance [ɪnˈherɪtəns]

中 n. 继承；继承物，遗产 英 ① the act of inheriting ② something inherited or to be inherited; something regarded as a heritage 同 heritage

string [strɪŋ]

中 n. 绳子，带子；一串 vt. 给...上弦；使排成一列 vi. 成线形 英 n. ① a cord usually made of fiber, used for fastening, tying, or lacing ② a set of objects threaded together vt. ③ to fit or furnish with strings or a string ④ to arrange in a string or series vi. ⑤ to form strings or become stringlike

tightrope [ˈtaɪtroʊp]

中 n. 绷索；危险的处境 英 ① a tightly stretched rope or a wire, on which acrobats perform high above the ground ② an extremely precarious course or situation

web [web]

中 n. 编织物，织物；网状物；网状结构，网络 vt. 结网于；使陷入罗网 英 n. ① a woven fabric, especially one on a loom or just removed from it ② a latticed or woven structure ③ a complex, interconnected structure or arrangement vt. ④ to provide with a web ⑤ to ensnare in a web

retraction [rɪ ˈtrækʃn]

中 n. 缩回；撤销，收回 (说过的话) 英 ① the act of retracting or the state of being retracted ② the act of recanting or disavowing a previously held statement or belief 同 recession, retreat, withdrawal

miniature [ˈmɪnətʃər]

中 n. 缩微模型；小型物 adj. 小型的，微小的 英 n. ① a copy or model that represents or reproduces something in a greatly reduced size ② something small of its class adj. ③ being on a small or greatly reduced scale Man errs so long as he strives. 人只要奋斗就会犯错误。 ——德国诗人、剧作家歌德 (JohannWolfgang Goethe, German poet and dramatist) LIST 18 MP3-18

smock [smɑːk]

中 n. 罩衣，工作服 vt. 给...穿罩衫；用正面刺绣来装饰 (纺织品) 英 n. ① a loose coatlike outer garment, often worn to protect the clothes while working vt. ② to clothe in a smock ③ to decorate (fabric) with smocking

parchment [ˈpɑːrtʃmənt]

中 n. 羊皮纸；羊皮纸文稿；仿羊皮纸 英 ① the skin of a sheep or goat prepared as a material on which to write or paint ② a written text or drawing on a sheet of this material ③ paper made in imitation of this material

sergeant [ˈsɑːrdʒənt]

中 n. 美国军队中没有军衔的任何一个级别；拥有这些级别的军人； 警官 英 ① any of several ranks of noncommissioned officers in the U.S. Army, Air Force, or Marine Corps ② one who holds any of these ranks ③ the rank of police officer next below a captain, lieutenant, or inspector

quill [kwɪl]

中 n. 翮，翎管；翎；羽毛笔；纡管 vt. 将 (线或纱) 绕在纡管上 英 n. ① the hollow stemlike main shaft of a feather ② any of the larger wing or tail feathers of a bird ③ a pen made from the shaft of a feather ④ a spindle or bobbin around which yarn is wound in weaving vt. ⑤ to wind (thread or yarn) onto a quill 【知识拓展】翎管多为圆柱形，主端有鼻，往下中空，到下端中空部分 大如烟嘴，翎由此插入。翎管的材质有翡翠、白玉、碧玺、琥珀、青 金石、水晶、琉璃、瓷、铜等。清代品级高的文官可佩戴翡翠翎管， 品级高的武官可佩戴白玉翎管。我们在有关清朝的电视剧中，常见 官员身穿朝服，头戴官帽，宝石镶顶，帽后翎管下必有一根羽翎微 微颤动。在清代，顶子、翎管加上羽翎，便是官员身份地位的全部标 志了。

lapel [ləˈpel]

中 n. 翻领 英 the part of a garment, such as a coat or jacket, that is an extension of the collar and folds back against the breast 【考点精析】Lapel is to chest as cuff is to arm. 位置关系。"衣服翻 领"在"胸"前，"袖子"在"手臂"上。

exhaustion [ɪgˈzɔːstʃən]

中 n. 耗尽，枯竭；筋疲力尽 英 ① the act or an instance of exhausting ② the state of being exhausted, extreme fatigue 同 debilitation, enervation, enfeeblement 【考点精析】Exhaustion is to rest as thirst is to water。"消除"关系。"休 息"消除"疲惫"，"水"消除"渴"。

occupation [ˌɑːkjuˈpeɪʃn]

中 n. 职业，工作；占用，居住；占领，占据 英 ① an activity that serves as one's regular source of livelihood, a vocation ② the act or process of holding or possessing a place ③ the military government exercising control over an occupied nation or territory 同 capacity, employment, ownership, seizure, vocation, work

union [ˈjuːniən]

中 n. 联合；组织，政党，团体 英 ① the act of uniting or the state of being united ② a combination so formed, especially an alliance or confederation of people, parties, or political entities for mutual interest or benefit

mastermind [ˈmæstərmaɪnd]

中 n. 聪明的人，足智多谋者 vt. 指挥，谋划，监督 英 n. ① a highly intelligent person, especially one who plans and directs a complex or difficult project vt. ② to direct, plan, or supervise (a project or an activity)

muscle [ˈmʌsl]

中 n. 肌肉；力气，体力 vi. 用力挤出 (一条路) 英 n. ① a contractile organ consisting of a special bundle of muscle tissue, which moves a particular bone, part, or substance of the body ② muscular strength vi. ③ to make one's way by or as if by force

portrait [ˈpɔːrtrət]

中 n. 肖像，肖像画；描写，描绘 英 ① a likeness of a person, especially one showing the face, that is created by a painter or photographer ② a verbal picture or description, especially of a person

replica [ˈreplɪkə]

中 n. 艺术复制品；复制品，仿制品 英 ① a copy or reproduction of a work of art, especially one made by the original artist ② a copy or reproduction, especially one on a scale smaller than the original 同 facsimile

obesity [oʊˈbiːsəti]

中 n. 肥胖 英 the condition of being obese, increased body weight caused by excessive accumulation of fat 同 fatness, portliness object 中 [ˈɑːbdʒɪkt] n. 物体，实物；对象 [əbˈdʒekt] vi. 反对；反感，不喜欢 vt. 提出...作为反对的理由 英 n. ① something perceptible by one or more of the senses, especially by vision or touch a material thing ② a focus of attention, feeling, thought, or action vi. ③ to present a dissenting or opposing argument, raise an objection ④ to be averse to or express disapproval of something vt. ⑤ to put forward in or as a reason for opposition, offer as criticism 同 aim, article, end, goal, target; dislike, oppose

shoulder [ˈʃoʊldər]

中 n. 肩关节；肩膀，肩部 vt. 挑，扛；承担 vi. 用肩推；用肩部推挤着 前进 英 n. ① the joint connecting the arm with the torso ② the part of the human body between the neck and upper arm vt. ③ to carry or place (a burden, for example) on the shoulders ④ to take on; assume vi. ⑤ to push with the shoulders ⑥ to make one's way by or as if by shoving obstacles with one's shoulders

relish [ˈrelɪʃ]

中 n. 胃口；爱好，乐趣；享受；增添风味之物 vt. 享受，从...中获得乐 趣；品尝；给...调味 vi. 有滋味 英 n. ① an appetite for something; a strong appreciation or liking ② hearty enjoyment; zest ③ something that lends pleasure or zest vt. ④ to take keen or zestful pleasure in ⑤ to enjoy the flavor of ⑥ to give spice or flavor to vi. ⑦ to have a pleasing or distinctive taste 同 savor; appreciate, enjoy, please, savor

deviation [ˌdiːvi ˈeɪʃn]

中 n. 背离，偏离；不正常，反常 英 ① the act of deviating or turning aside ② an abnormality, a departure 同 deflection, deflexion, departure, deviance, digression, divergence, diversion

ridge [rɪdʒ]

中 n. 背脊，峰，隆起线；山脊，山脉；海脊 vt. 使成脊状，使隆起 vi. 成脊状 英 n. ① a long narrow upper section or crest ② a long narrow chain of hills or mountains ③ a long narrow elevation on the ocean floor vt. ④ to mark with, form into, or provide with ridges vi. ⑤ to form ridges

shin [ʃɪn]

中 n. 胫；牛的小腿肉 vt. 沿着...攀爬 vi. 攀爬；快步走 英 n. ① the front part of the leg below the knee and above the ankle ② (used of cuts of meat) the lower foreleg in beef cattle vt. ③ to climb (a rope or pole, for example) by gripping and pulling alternately with the hands and legs vi. ④ to climb something by shinning it ⑤ to move quickly on foot LIST 25 MP3-25

scaffolding [ˈskæfəldɪŋ]

中 n. 脚手架 英 a scaffold or system of scaffolds: a set of poles and boards that are built into a structure for workers to stand on when they are working on the outside of a building

erosion [ɪ ˈroʊʒn]

中 n. 腐蚀，侵蚀；自然侵蚀过程 英 ① the process of eroding or the condition of being eroded ② the group of natural processes, including weathering, dissolution, abrasion, corrosion, and transportation, by which material is worn away from the earth's surface 同 corroding, corrosion, eating away, eroding 【考点精析】Erosion is to gully as excavation is to mine. 事物及其成因 的关系。" 峡谷(冲沟)"是由于长期的"自然侵蚀"形成的，"矿井"是 由于长期的"挖掘"形成的。

pride [praɪd]

中 n. 自尊，自尊心；骄傲，得意感；傲慢，自负 vt. 使得意，使自豪 英 n. ① a sense of one's own proper dignity or value; self-respect ② pleasure or satisfaction taken in an achievement, a possession, or an association ③ arrogant or disdainful conduct or treatment; haughtiness vt. ④ to indulge (oneself) in a feeling of pleasure or satisfaction 同 dignity, egotism, vanity

narcissist [nɑːrˈsɪsɪst]

中 n. 自我陶醉者，自恋狂 英 one who has excessive love or admiration of oneself; derives erotic pleasure from contemplation or admiration of one's own body or self, especially as a fixation on or a regression to an infantile stage of development 【知识拓展】水仙花的英文是narcissus，自恋狂的英文是narcissist。古 希腊神话传说中的水仙，看不起任何爱上他的女神，后来被罚看自 己的影子，慢慢地因为自恋忧郁而死。

skunk [skʌŋk]

中 n. 臭鼬 vt. 战胜；欺骗 (某人)；赖...的债 英 n. ① any of several small, mostly carnivorous New World mammals of the genus Mephitis and related genera, having a bushy tail and black fur with white markings and ejecting a foul-smelling oily liquid from glands near the anus when frightened or in danger vt. ② to defeat overwhelmingly, especially by keeping from scoring ③ to cheat (someone) ④ to fail to pay (an amount due) 【知识拓展】臭鼬长着一身醒目的黑白相间的毛皮，其栖息地多种多 样，包括树林、平原和沙漠地区。它们白天在地洞中休息，黄昏和夜 晚出来活动。臭鼬在面临危险时常会释放出一种奇臭的气味，极易 辨别。

salutation [ˌsæljuˈteɪʃn]

中 n. 致敬，问候；打招呼的动作；称呼语 英 ① a polite expression of greeting or goodwill ② a gesture of greeting, such as a bow or kiss ③ a word or phrase of greeting used to begin a letter

dock [dɑːk]

中 n. 船坞；码头 vi. 靠码头 英 n. ① the area of water between two piers or alongside a pier that receives a ship for loading, unloading, or repairs ② a pier, a wharf vi. ③ to move or come into a dock 【考点精析】Dock is to boat as hangar is to airplane. 事物及其存放地点的关系。"船"停靠在"码头"，"飞机"停在飞机场的"停机库"。

conscience [ˈkɑːnʃəns]

中 n. 良心，是非之心；正义之心；超我之心 英 ① the awareness of a moral or ethical aspect to one's conduct together with the urge to prefer right over wrong ② conformity to one's own sense of right conduct ③ the part of the superego in psychoanalysis that judges the ethical nature of one's actions and

hue [hjuː]

中 n. 色彩，色泽；色调，色度 英 ① the property of colors by which they can be perceived as ranging from red through yellow, green, and blue, as determined by the dominant wavelength of the light ② a particular gradation of color, a shade or tint 同 color, tint

tint [tɪnt]

中 n. 色调，浅色 vt. 给...着色 英 n. ① a shade of a color, especially a pale or delicate variation vt. ② to give a tint to or take on a tint 同 color, dye, shade, stain, tinge

suitcase [ˈsuːtkeɪs]

中 n. 衣箱 英 a usually rectangular piece of luggage for carrying clothing

gala [ˈgeɪlə]

中 n. 节日庆祝活动 adj. 节日的，欢庆的；奢侈的 英 n. ① a festive occasion, especially a lavish social event or entertainment adj. ② marked by lavish or festive celebration ③ characterized by sumptuous social pleasure

fete [feɪt]

中 n. 节日，喜庆日；盛大庆祝会，游园会；精心策划的聚会 vt. 款待， 宴请；给予荣誉 英 n. ① a festival or feast ② an elaborate, often outdoor entertainment ③ an elaborate party vt. ④ to celebrate or honor with a festival, a feast, or an elaborate entertainment ⑤ to pay honor to

thrift [θrɪft]

中 n. 节约，节省 英 wise economy in the management of money and other resources; frugality 同 frugality

granite [ˈgrænɪt]

中 n. 花岗岩；坚毅，坚忍不拔 英 ① a common, coarse-grained, light-colored, hard igneous rock consisting chiefly of quartz, orthoclase or microcline, and mica, used in monuments and for building ② unyielding endurance 【考点精析】Granite is to quarry as ore is to mine. 位置关系。"花岗 岩"在"采石场"，"矿石"在"矿场"。

heroism [ˈheroʊɪzəm]

中 n. 英雄行为；大无畏精神，英雄气概 英 ① heroic conduct or behavior ② heroic characteristics or qualities 同 gallantry, valiancy, valor, valorousness

extent [ɪkˈstent]

中 n. 范围，广度，宽度；限度，程度；一大片地区 英 ① the range, magnitude, or distance over which a thing extends ② the degree to which a thing extends ③ an extensive space or area 同 magnitude, scope

coverage [ˈkʌvərɪdʒ]

中 n. 范围；保险项目；保险范围；信贷储备；新闻报道率 英 ① the extent or degree to which something is observed, analyzed, and reported ② inclusion in an insurance policy or protective plan ③ the extent of protection afforded by an insurance policy ④ the amount of funds reserved to meet liabilities ⑤ the percentage of persons reached by a medium of communication, such as television or a newspaper

stem [stem]

中 n. 茎，秆，梗 vi. 起源于 vt. 除掉...的梗茎 英 n. ① the main ascending axis of a plant; a stalk or trunk vi. ② to have or take origin or descent vt. ③ to remove the stem of

stalk [stɔːk]

中 n. 茎，秆；叶柄，花梗 英 ① a stem or main axis of a herbaceous plant ② a stem or similar structure that supports a plant part such as a flower, flower cluster, or leaf 同 stem

fodder [ˈfɑːdər]

中 n. 草料，饲料；创作素材 vt. 以草料喂养 英 n. ① feed for livestock, especially coarsely chopped hay or straw ② raw material, as for artistic creation vt. ③ to feed with fodder

hula [huːlə]

中 n. 草裙舞，呼拉舞 英 polynesian dance characterized by undulating hips, miming movements of the arms and hands, and usually accompanied by rhythmic drumbeats and chants 【考点精析】Ballet is to tutu as hula is to grass skirt. 舞蹈及其表演服装 的关系。"芭蕾舞" 对"芭蕾舞裙"相当于"草裙舞"对"草裙"。 【知识拓展】传说 中第一个跳草裙舞的是舞神拉卡。她跳起草裙舞招 待她的火神姐姐佩莱。佩莱非常喜欢这个舞蹈，就用火焰点亮了整 个天空。自此，草裙舞就成为向神表达敬意的宗教舞蹈。纳撒尼尔· 埃默森把草裙舞称为"打开心灵之门"的舞蹈。

glory [ˈglɔːri]

中 n. 荣誉，荣耀；引以为豪的事物；壮丽 vi. 狂喜，喜悦 英 n. ① great honor, praise, or distinction accorded by common consent; renown ② something conferring honor or renown ③ majestic beauty and splendor, resplendence vi. ④ to rejoice triumphantly; exult

remedy [ˈremədi]

中 n. 药物，疗法，治疗；补救办法 vt. 减轻，治愈；纠正，改正 英 n. ① something, such as medicine or therapy, that relieves pain, cures disease, or corrects a disorder ② something that corrects an evil, a fault, or an error vt. ③ to relieve or cure (a disease or disorder) ④ to set right; remove, rectify, or counteract 同 correct, cure, fix, heal, rectify, treat

drug [drʌg]

中 n. 药；麻醉药品，毒品 vt. 使服麻醉药，使服毒品；掺麻醉药于 英 n. ① a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of a disease or as a component of a medication ② a chemical substance, such as a narcotic or hallucinogen, that affects the central nervous system, causing changes in behavior and often addiction vt. ③ to administer a drug to ④ to poison or mix (food or drink) with a drug 【考点精析】Drug is to pharmacist as meat is to butcher. 人物及其工作成果的关系。"药品"是"药剂师"配出来的成品，"肉"是"屠夫"屠宰牲口后的成品。

spinach [ˈspɪnɪtʃ]

中 n. 菠菜 英 a widely cultivated southwest Asian plant (Spinacia oleracea) having succulent, edible leaves 【考点精析】Spinach is to lettuce as milk is to juice. 纵向种属关 系。"菠菜"和"莴苣"都属于蔬菜，"牛奶"和"果汁"都属于饮料。

depression [dɪ ˈpreʃn]

中 n. 萎靡不振，沮丧；下陷处，凹地；忧郁症；降低，下降；(经济) 萧条 英 ① the act of depressing; the condition of being depressed ② an area that is sunk below its surroundings, a hollow ③ a psychotic or neurotic condition characterized by an inability to concentrate, insomnia, and feelings of extreme sadness, dejection, and hopelessness ④ a lowering in amount, degree, or position ⑤ a period of drastic decline in a national or international economy, characterized by decreasing business activity, falling prices, and unemployment

vineyard [ˈvɪnjərd]

中 n. 葡萄园；(灵魂、精神或身体的) 活动领域 英 ① ground planted with cultivated grapevines ② a sphere of spiritual, mental, or physical endeavor

vintner [ˈvɪntnər]

中 n. 葡萄酒商；葡萄酒酿制者 英 ① a wine merchant ② one who makes wine

wine [waɪn]

中 n. 葡萄酒；酒；使人陶醉或兴奋的东西 英 ① a beverage made of the fermented juice of any of various kinds of grapes ② a beverage made of the fermented juice of any of various other fruits or plants ③ something that intoxicates or exhilarates

evasion [ɪ ˈveɪʒn]

中 n. 逃避，躲避；遁词，借口，花招 英 ① the act or an instance of evading ② a means of evading, a subterfuge 同 avoidance, dodging, elusion, equivocation, escape, sidestep

melon [ˈmelən]

中 n. 葫芦科瓜果；甜瓜，西瓜 英 ① any of several varieties of two related vines (Cucumis melo or Citrullus lanatus) widely cultivated for their edible fruit ② the fruit of any of these plants, having a hard rind and juicy flesh 【考点精析】Melon is to felon as honeydew is to robber. 纵向同义关 系。

gourd [gʊrd]

中 n. 葫芦，葫芦属植物；葫芦瓢 英 ① any of several trailing or climbing plants related to the pumpkin, squash, and cucumber and bearing fruits with a hard rind ② the dried and hollowed-out shell of one of these fruits, often used as a drinking utensil 【知识拓展】葫芦(学名：Lagenaria siceraria)是属于葫芦科葫芦属的一 种爬藤植物，其果实也被称为葫芦。葫芦的果实可以在未成熟的时 候收割作为蔬菜食用，也可以在成熟后收割加工为容器或者烟斗。 新鲜的葫芦皮嫩绿，果肉呈白色。

pancake [ˈpænkeɪk]

中 n. 薄煎饼 v. (使) 飞机平坠着陆 英 n. ① a thin cake made of batter that is poured onto a hot, greased surface and cooked on both sides until brown v. ② to cause to make a pancake landing in an aircraft

slice [slaɪs]

中 n. 薄片；一部分，一份 vt. 将...切成薄片 vi. 切 英 n. ① a thin, broad piece cut from a larger amount ② a portion or share vt. ③ to cut or divide into slices vi. ④ to move like a knife

vine [vaɪn]

中 n. 藤本植物；葡萄藤；藤，蔓 英 ① a weak-stemmed plant that derives its support from climbing, twining, or creeping along a surface ② a grapevine ③ the stem of such a plant

mushroom [ˈmʌʃrʊm]

中 n. 蘑菇；蘑菇形物 vi. 快速增长或扩张 adj. 蘑菇的 英 n. ① any of various fleshy fungi of the class Basidiomycota, characteristically having an umbrella-shaped cap borne on a stalk, especially any of the edible kinds, as those of the genus Agaricus ② something shaped like one of these fungi vi. ③ to multiply, grow, or expand rapidly adj. ④ relating to, consisting of, or containing mushrooms

vanity [ˈvænəti]

中 n. 虚幻，无意义；自负，自大，虚荣心；无用，无价值 英 ① the quality or condition of being vain ② excessive pride in one's appearance or accomplishments ③ lack of usefulness, worth, or effect

panache [pəˈnæʃ]

中 n. 虚饰，炫耀；羽饰 英 ① dash, verve ② a bunch of feathers or a plume, especially on a helmet

opal [ˈoʊpl]

中 n. 蛋白石 英 a translucent mineral of hydrated silica, often used as a gem 【知识拓展】蛋白石因颜色光泽独特而闻名，其彩虹般绚丽耀目的光 芒似马赛克，充满了神秘性，是其他宝石所无可比拟的。虽然名为 蛋白石，却非单一色调，如果仅仅是白色，倒反而没有价值了。其颜 色包括透明、红色、黄色、乳白、蓝色等，其中有一种色泽似孔雀羽 毛般深浓，称为黑色蛋白石，非常美丽，因此价格也特别高。

hive [haɪv]

中 n. 蜂箱，蜂巢；蜂群；喧闹繁忙的场所 vt. 使 (蜂) 入蜂箱或蜂巢； 储备，积累 vi. (蜂) 进入蜂箱或蜂巢；聚居 英 n. ① a structure for housing bees, especially honeybees ② a colony of bees living in such a structure ③ a place swarming with activity vt. ④ to collect into a hive ⑤ to store up, accumulate vi. ⑥ to enter and occupy a beehive ⑦ to live with many others in close association 【考点精析】Hive is to bees as corral is to sheep. 动物及其住所的关 系。"蜜蜂"住在"蜂房"里，"绵羊"住在"畜栏"里。

crayon [ˈkreɪən]

中 n. 蜡笔，炭笔，有色粉笔；用这类笔画成的画 vt. (用这类笔) 画画 或上色 英 n. ① a stick of colored wax, charcoal, or chalk, used for drawing ② a drawing made with one of these sticks vt. ③ to draw, color, or decorate with a stick of colored wax, charcoal, or chalk

screw [skruː]

中 n. 螺丝钉；螺丝帽 vt. 旋，拧 (螺丝钉); (用螺丝钉) 钉牢，固定；扭 曲 (脸部) vi. 扭转，扭歪；旋紧，拧紧 英 n. ① a cylindrical rod incised with one or more helical or advancing spiral threads, as a lead screw or worm screw; a metal pin with incised threads and a broad slotted head that can be driven as a fastener by turning with a screwdriver ② the tapped collar or socket that receives this rod vt. ③ to drive or tighten (a screw) ④ to fasten, tighten, or attach by or as if by means of a screw ⑤ to contort (one's face) vi. ⑥ to turn or twist ⑦ to become attached by means of the threads of a screw 【考点精析】Spiral is to curve as screw is to arc. 二维和三维的关 系。"螺线"对"曲线"相当于"螺纹"对"弧线"。螺线和螺纹是立体的， 曲线和弧线是二维的。

propeller [prəˈpelər]

中 n. 螺旋桨 英 a machine for propelling an aircraft or a boat, consisting of a powerdriven shaft with radiating blades that are placed so as to thrust air or water in a desired direction when spinning

helix [ˈhiːlɪks]

中 n. 螺旋线；螺旋形状或结构 英 ① a three-dimensional curve that lies on a cylinder or cone, so that its angle to a plane perpendicular to the axis is constant ② a spiral form or structure 同 coil, curl, curlicue, loop, ringlet, roll, spiral

cricket [ˈkrɪkɪt]

中 n. 蟋蟀；板球 vi. 打板球 英 n. ① any of various insects of the family Gryllidae, having long antennae and legs adapted for leaping ② an outdoor game played with bats, a ball, and wickets by two teams of 11 players each vi. ③ to play the game of cricket

worm [wɜːrm]

中 n. 蠕虫；(昆虫的) 幼虫；可怜虫，懦夫 英 ① any of various invertebrates, as those of the phyla Annelida, Nematoda, Nemertea, or Platyhelminthes, having a long, flexible, rounded or flattened body, often without obvious appendages ② any of various crawling insect larvae, such as a grub or a caterpillar, having a soft, elongated body ③ a person regarded as pitiable or contemptible

pedestrian [pəˈdestriən]

中 n. 行人，步行者 adj. 行人的，为行人而制的；步行的，徒步的；平 淡无奇的 英 n. ① a person traveling on foot, a walker adj. ② of, relating to, or made for pedestrians ③ going or performed on foot ④ undistinguished, ordinary 同 commonplace, unimaginative

wardrobe [ˈwɔːrdroʊb]

中 n. 衣橱，衣柜；(一个人的) 全部衣物 英 ① a tall cabinet, closet, or small room built to hold clothes ② garments considered as a group, especially all the articles of clothing that belong to one person

representation [ˌreprɪzenˈteɪʃn]

中 n. 表现，表示；图像，图画，雕像；代表 英 ① the act of representing or the state of being represented ② something that represents, as an image or likeness of something ③ the state or condition of serving as an official delegate, agent, or spokesperson

sneer [snɪr]

中 n. 表示讥讽的笑、表情和话语 vt. 讥笑着说 vi. 讥笑 英 n. ① a scornful facial expression characterized by a slight raising of one corner of the upper lip ② a contemptuous facial expression, sound, or statement vt. ③ to utter with a sneer or in a sneering manner vi. ④ to assume a scornful, contemptuous, or derisive facial expression 同 banter, gibe, jeer, mock, ridicule, scoff, taunt 【考点精析】Sneer is to disdain as cringe is to fear. 动作及其情感表达 的关系，前面是动作，后面是内心情感的体现。"讥笑"表达"鄙 视"，"退缩"表达"害怕"。

indication [ˌɪndɪ ˈkeɪʃn]

中 n. 表示，指示；标志，迹象；指征，适应症；指示器读数 英 ① the act of indicating ② something that serves to indicate; a sign ③ something indicated as necessary or expedient ④ the degree indicated by a measuring instrument 同 denotation, indicant, sign

vent [vent]

中 n. 表达，发泄；通风口，排放口，出口 英 ① a means of escape or release from confinement ② an opening permitting the escape of fumes, a liquid, a gas, or steam

cuff [kʌf]

中 n. 袖口；手铐 vt. 为...上袖口；给...上手铐 英 n. ① a fold used as trimming at the bottom of a sleeve ② a handcuff vt. ③ to form a cuff or cuffs on ④ to put handcuffs on 【考点精析】Lapel is to chest as cuff is to arm. 位置关系。"衣服翻领"在"胸"前，"袖子"在"手臂"上。

sleeve [sliːv]

中 n. 袖子；套子 vt. 给...装袖子或套子 英 n. ① a part of a garment that covers all or part of an arm ② a case into which an object or a device fits vt. ③ to furnish or fit with sleeves or a sleeve

defendant [dɪ ˈfendənt]

中 n. 被告 英 the party against which an action is brought 【考点精析】Plaintiff is to defendant as prosecute is to defend. 人物及其行为的关系，要从纵向上看。"原告"对"被告"相当于"指控"对"辩 护"，即"原告指控，被告辩护"。

culprit [ˈkʌlprɪt]

中 n. 被控犯罪的人；犯过失者，罪犯 英 ① one charged with an offense or crime ② one guilty of a fault or crime 同 criminal, felon

dividend [ˈdɪvɪdend]

中 n. 被除数；红利，股息 英 ① a quantity to be divided ② a share of profits received by a stockholder or by a policyholder in a mutual insurance society 【考点精析】dividend 是SSAT 考试常见的数学词汇。

fissure [ˈfɪʃər]

中 n. 裂缝，裂隙 v. 形成裂缝，使裂开 英 n. ① a long, narrow opening; a crack or cleft v. ② to form a crack or cleft or cause a crack or cleft in 同 aperture, crack, crevice, gap, hole, opening, space

flaw [flɔː]

中 n. 裂缝；瑕疵，缺陷；破绽 v. (使) 有瑕疵 英 n. ① an imperfection, often concealed, that impairs soundness ② a defect or shortcoming in something intangible ③ a defect in a legal document that can render it invalid v. ④ to make or become defective

filling [ˈfɪlɪŋ]

中 n. 装满，填充；填充物；馅 英 ① an act or instance of filling ② something used to fill a space, cavity, or container ③ an edible mixture used to fill pastries, sandwiches, or cakes

swag [swæg]

中 n. 装饰性布幔或帷幕；垂花饰 英 ① an ornamental drapery or curtain draped in a curve between two points ② a carving or plaster molding of such an ornament

decoration [ˌdekəˈreɪʃn]

中 n. 装饰，装潢；装饰品；勋章，奖章 英 ① the act, process, technique, or art of decorating ② somethingused to decorate ③ an emblem of honor, such as a medal or badge 同 medal, medallion, ornament, ornamentation 【考点精析】Decoration is to austere as adulteration is to pure. 事物及 其反面特征的关系。"装饰品"的反面特征是"朴素的"，"掺假货"的 反面特征是"纯净的"。

trousers [ˈtraʊzərz]

中 n. 裤子 英 an outer garment for covering the body from the waist to the ankles, divided into sections to fit each leg separately, worn especially by men and boys

outlook [ˈaʊtlʊk]

中 n. 观点，态度；展望，前景；望点；景色，风光 英 ① a point of view, an attitude ② expectation for the future ③ a place where something can be viewed ④ the view seen from such a place 同 anticipation, foretaste, point of view, prospect

seer [sɪr]

中 n. 观看者；有敏锐洞察力的人；预言家 英 ① one that sees ② a clairvoyant ③ a prophet 同 clairvoyant, prophet

retina [ˈretənə]

中 n. 视网膜 英 a delicate, multilayered, light-sensitive membrane lining the inner eyeball and connected by the optic nerve to the brain

horn [hɔːrn]

中 n. 角；号角；管乐器，号 vi. 不请自来，闯入 英 n. ① one of the hard, usually permanent structures projecting from the head of certain mammals, such as cattle, sheep, goats, or antelopes, consisting of a bony core covered with a sheath of keratinous material ② a wind instrument made of an animal horn ③ a brass wind instrument, such as a trombone or tuba vi. ④ to join without being invited, intrude 同 cornet, hooter, trumpet

dismissal [dɪsˈmɪsl]

中 n. 解雇，免职 英 the act of dismissing, the condition of being dismissed

oath [oʊθ]

中 n. 誓约，宣誓 英 a solemn, formal declaration or promise to fulfill a pledge, often calling on God or a sacred object as witness 同 commitment, pledge, promise, vow LIST 19 MP3-19

vow [vaʊ]

中 n. 誓言，誓约 vt. 发誓，宣誓 英 n. ① an earnest promise to perform a specified act or behave in a certain manner, especially a solemn promise to live and act in accordance with the rules of a religious order vt. ② to promise solemnly

drench [drentʃ]

中 vt. 浸透，湿透；给 (牲口) 灌药 英 ① to wet through and through, soak ② to administer a large oral dose of liquid medicine to (an animal) 同 saturate, soak, wet

discipline [ˈdɪsəplɪn]

中 n. 训练；自律，风纪；惩罚，惩戒 英 ① training expected to produce a specific character or pattern of behavior, especially training that produces moral or mental improvement ② controlled behavior resulting from disciplinary training; self-control ③ punishment intended to correct or train 同 chastisement, condition, correction, drill, exercise, penalization, practice, punishment, training

recollection [ˌrekəˈlekʃn]

中 n. 记忆，回忆；记忆力；往事 英 ① the act or power of recollecting ② something recollected 同 memory, reminiscence, recall, remind

podium [ˈpoʊdiəm]

中 n. 讲坛；(放演讲稿的) 小讲台；矮墙 英 ① an elevated platform, as for an orchestra conductor or a public speaker ② a stand for holding the notes of a public speaker, a lectern ③ a low wall serving as a foundation

satire [ˈsætaɪər]

中 n. 讽刺作品；讽刺文学 英 ① a literary work in which human vice or folly is attacked through irony, derision, or wit ② the branch of literature constituting such works

skit [skɪt]

中 n. 讽剌作品，滑稽短剧；幽默讽刺文章 英 ① a short, usually comic dramatic performance or work; a theatrical sketch ② a short humorous or satirical piece of writing 【考点精析】Skit is to play as limerick is to poem. 非正式与正式的关 系。"滑稽短剧"是一种非正式的"戏剧"，"打油诗"是一种非正式 的"诗歌"。

contrivance [kənˈtraɪvəns]

中 n. 设计，发明；发明物，装置，器械 英 ① the act of contriving ② something contrived, as a mechanical device or a clever plan 同 maneuver

device [dɪ ˈvaɪs]

中 n. 设计，装置，设备；手段，诡计 英 ① a contrivance or an invention serving a particular purpose, especially a machine used to perform one or more relatively simple tasks ② a technique or means; a plan or scheme, especially a malign one 同 apparatus, implement, instrument, machine, plan, scheme, tool, trick

confirmation [ˌkɑːnfərˈmeɪʃn]

中 n. 证实，确定；确认的事实，证据；基督教的坚信礼 英 ① the act of confirming ② something that confirms ③ a Christiann rite admitting a baptized person to full membership in a church 同 corroboration, discover, determination

demonstration [ˌdemənˈstreɪʃn]

中 n. 证实，证明；示范；游行示威；表明，表露 英 ① the act of showing or making evident ② an illustration or explanation, as of a theory or product, by exemplification or practical application ③ a public display of group opinion, as by a rally or march ④ a manifestation, as of one's feelings 同 demo, manifestation, presentation, presentment

critique [krɪ ˈtiːk]

中 n. 评论文；批评，评论 vt. 批评，评论 英 n. ① a critical review or commentary, especially one dealing with works of art or literature ② a critical discussion of a specified topic v. ③ to review or discuss critically

curse [kɜːrs]

中 n. 诅咒；灾祸 vt. 诅咒，咒骂；使...遭难 vi. 诅咒，咒骂 英 n. ① an appeal or prayer for evil or misfortune to befall someone or something ② the evil or misfortune that comes in or as if in response to such an appeal vt. ③ to invoke evil or misfortune upon ④ to bring evil upon, afflict vi. ⑤ to utter curses, swear

primer [ˈpraɪmər]

中 n. 识字课本，启蒙读本；入门书，初学者读本 英 ① an elementary textbook for teaching children to read ② a book that covers the basic elements of a subject

lexicon [ˈleksɪkən]

中 n. 词典；词汇 英 ① a dictionary ② a stock of terms used in a particular profession, subject, or style; a vocabulary 【考点精析】Anthology is to works as lexicon is to words."组成"关 系。"选集"是由"作品"组成的，"词典"是由"词"组成的。很多考生会 误以为anthology 是由书组成的，其实是将作者部分有代表性的文 章收集整理后，按内容或年代出版的多卷或单卷本。

verse [vɜːrs]

中 n. 诗句，诗行；诗节；诗 英 ① a single metrical line in a poetic composition ② a division of a metrical composition, such as a stanza of a poem or hymn ③ a poem LIST 29 MP3-29

stanza [ˈstænzə]

中 n. 诗节 英 one of the divisions of a poem, composed of two or more lines usually characterized by a common pattern of meter, rhyme, and number of lines 同 verse 【考点精析】Stanza is to poem as paragraph is to essay. 组成关系。"诗 节"组成"诗歌", "段落"组成"散文"。

trick [trɪk]

中 n. 诡计，花招；恶作剧，捉弄；傻事，轻率之举；假象，幻觉 英 ① an act or a procedure intended to achieve an end by deceptive or fraudulent means ② a mischievous action ③ a stupid, disgraceful, or childish act or performance ④ a deceptive or illusive appearance 同 deception, fraud

temptation [tempˈteɪʃn]

中 n. 诱惑，引诱；诱惑物 英 ① the act of tempting or the condition of being tempted ② something tempting or enticing 同 allurement, enticement, lure

confection [kənˈfekʃn]

中 n. 调制；糖果；糖剂；精美作品 vt. 做成甜点 英 n. ① the act or process of confecting or the result of it ② a sweet preparation, such as candy ③ a sweetened medicinal compound ④ a piece displaying splendid craft, skill, and work vt. ⑤ to make into a confection

sauce [sɔːs]

中 n. 调味汁；调剂品 vt. 给...调味；给...增添趣味 英 n. ① a flavorful seasoning or relish served as an accompaniment to food, especially a liquid dressing or topping for food ② something that adds zest, flavor, or piquancy vt. ③ to season or flavor with sauce ④ to add piquancy or zest to

palette [ˈpælət]

中 n. 调色板；(画一幅画或某个画家用的) 一组颜色 英 ① a board, typically with a hole for the thumb, which an artist can hold while painting and on which the artist mixes colors ② the range of colors used in a particular painting or by a particular artist

interval [ˈɪntərvl]

中 n. 间隔，距离；时间间隔；【数】区间 英 ① a space between two objects, points, or units ② the amount of time between two specified instants, events, or states ③ a set of numbers consisting of all the numbers between a pair of given numbers 同 break, interim, interlude, pause, recess, respite

maneuver [məˈnuːvər]

中 n. 调遣，换防；操纵；技术动作；策略，巧计 vi. 军事演习；调整，操 纵 vt. 调遣；操纵，控制 英 n. ① a strategic or tactical military or naval movement ② a controlled change in movement or direction of a moving vehicle or vessel, as in the flight path of an aircraft ③ a movement or procedure involving skill and dexterity ④ a strategic action undertaken to gain an end vi. ⑤ to carry out a military or naval maneuver ⑥ to make a controlled series of changes in movement or direction toward an objective vt. ⑦ to alter the tactical placement of (troops or warships) ⑧ to direct through a series of movements or changes in course 同 contrivance

falsehood [ˈfɔːlshʊd]

中 n. 谎言；虚假，谬误 英 ① an untrue statement ② lack of conformity to truth or fact 同 counterfeit, fake, fraud, perjury

proverb [ˈprɑːvɜːrb]

中 n. 谚语，箴言 英 a short, pithy saying in frequent and widespread use that expresses a basic truth or practical precept 同 adage, dictum

enigma [ɪ ˈnɪgmə]

中 n. 谜，谜一样的人或物；谜语 英 ① one that is puzzling, ambiguous, or inexplicable ② a perplexing speech or text, a riddle 同 obscurity, mystery, rebus, riddle

diatribe [ˈdaɪətraɪb]

中 n. 谩骂 英 a bitter, abusive denunciation 同 fulmination

fallacy [ˈfæləsi]

中 n. 谬论，谬误 英 a false idea that many people believe is true 同 delusion, error, fault, mistake, sophism

grain [greɪn]

中 n. 谷粒；颗粒，细粒 vt. 使...成粒状 vi. 形成颗粒 英 n. ① a small, dry, one-seeded fruit of a cereal grass, having the fruit and the seed walls united ② a relatively small discrete particulate or crystalline mass vt. ③ to cause to form into grains, granulate vi. ④ to form grains

panther [ˈpænθər]

中 n. 豹 英 the leopard, especially in its black, unspotted form

mentor [ˈmentɔːr]

中 n. 贤明和忠实的顾问或导师 v. 指导 英 n. ① a wise and trusted counselor or teacher v. ② to serve as a trusted counselor or teacher, especially in occupational settings 同 consultant, guide, instructor

texture [ˈtekstʃər]

中 n. 质地；结构 vt. 使具有某种结构 (尤指表面特征) 英 n. ① a structure of interwoven fibers or other elements ② the distinctive physical composition or structure of something, especially with respect to the size, shape, and arrangment of its parts vt. ③ to give texture to, especially to impart desirable surface characteristics to

greed [griːd]

中 n. 贪心，贪婪 英 an excessive desire to acquire or possess more than what one needs or deserves, especially with respect to material wealth

glutton [ˈglʌtn]

中 n. 贪食者；有很大承受力的人 英 ① a person who eats or consumes immoderate amounts of food and drink ② a person with an inordinate capacity to receive or withstand something 同 gourmand, trencherman

poverty [ˈpɑːvərti]

中 n. 贫穷；贫瘠 英 ① the state of being poor; lack of the means of providing material needs or comforts ② unproductiveness 同 destitution, indigence, infertility, penury, want

nobility [noʊˈbɪləti]

中 n. 贵族阶级；高贵的地位；高贵，崇高 英 ① a class of persons distinguished by high birth or rank and in Great Britain including dukes and duchesses, marquises and marchionesses, earls and countesses, viscounts and viscountesses, and barons and baronesses ② noble rank or status ③ the state or quality of being exalted in character 同 aristocracy, magnanimousness, nobleness, noblesse

patron [ˈpeɪtrən]

中 n. 赞助人，资助人；顾客，老主顾；(古罗马) 贵族；(古罗马) 旧奴 隶主 英 ① one that supports, protects, or champions someone or something, such as an institution, an event, or a cause; a sponsor or benefactor ② a customer, especially a regular customer ③ a noble or wealthy person in ancient Rome who granted favor and protection to someone in exchange for certain services ④ a slave owner in ancient Rome who freed a slave without relinquishing all legal claim to him

signpost [ˈsaɪnpoʊst]

中 n. 路标，指示标，标志杆；标志物 英 ① a post supporting a sign that has information or directions ② an indication, a sign, or a guide

route [ruːt]

中 n. 路，路线；公路；途径，渠道 vt. 按特定路线发送；安排...的顺序 英 n. ① a road, course, or way for travel from one place to another ② a highway ③ a means of reaching a goal vt. ④ to send or forward by a specific route ⑤ to schedule the order of (a sequence of procedures)

stature [ˈstætʃər]

中 n. 身高，个子；声望 英 ① the natural height of a human being or an animal in an upright position ② an achieved level; status 同 character, reputation, standing, status

torso [ˈtɔːrsoʊ]

中 n. 躯干；躯干雕像 英 ① the human body excluding the head and limbs; trunk ② a statue of the human body with the head and limbs omitted or removed

lathe [leɪð]

中 n. 车床 vt. 用车床加工 英 n. ① a machine for shaping a piece of material, such as wood or metal, by rotating it rapidly along its axis while pressing against a fixed cutting or abrading tool vt. ② to cut or shape on a lathe

depot [ˈdiːpoʊ]

中 n. 车站；仓库；军备仓库，补给站；新兵训练站 英 ① a railroad or bus station ② a warehouse or storehouse ③ a storage installation for military equipment and supplies ④ a station for assembling military recruits and forwarding them to active units 同 depository, station, storehouse, warehouse

rut [rʌt]

中 n. 车辙；老一套，惯例 vt. 犁 (地)，在...上形成车辙 英 n. ① a sunken track or groove made by the passage of vehicles ② a fixed, usually boring routine vt. ③ to furrow

fame [feɪm]

中 n. 闻名；声誉，名望 vt. 使有名望 英 n. ① great renown ② public estimation, reputation vt. ③ to make renowned or famous

contour [ˈkɑːntʊr]

中 n. 轮廓；轮廓线；等高线 vt. 画轮廓；沿等高线建造 adj. 沿等高线的；与某事物轮廓相符的 英 n. ① the outline of a figure, body, or mass ② a line that represents such an outline ③ a contour line vt. ④ to make or shape the outline of ⑤ to build (a road, for example) to follow the contour of the land adj. ⑥ following the contour lines of uneven terrain to limit erosion of topsoil ⑦ shaped to fit the outline or form of something 同 outline, bound

fur [fɜːr]

中 n. 软毛；毛皮 adj. 毛皮的 vt. 用毛皮覆盖；提供毛皮衣服 英 n. ① the thick coat of soft hair covering the skin of a mammal, such as a fox or beaver ② the hair-covered, dressed pelt of such a mammal, used in the making of garments and as trimming or decoration adj. ③ often used to modify another noun, such as, a fur coat; fur hats vt. ④ to cover, line, or trim with fur ⑤ to provide fur garments for

contempt [kənˈtempt]

中 n. 轻蔑；耻辱；(对法庭等的) 藐视 英 ① disparaging or haughty disdain, as for something base or unworthy ② the state of being despised or dishonored, disgrace ③ open disrespect or willful disobedience of the authority of a court of law or legislative body 同 despise, disdain

limousine [ˈlɪməziːn]

中 n. 轿车，大型高级轿车 英 any of various large passenger vehicles, especially a luxurious automobile usually driven by a chauffeur and sometimes having a partition separating the passenger compartment from the driver's seat

periphery [pəˈrɪfəri]

中 n. 边界；外表面；边缘地带 英 ① a line that forms the boundary of an area, a perimeter ② the surface of a solid ③ the outermost part or region within a precise boundary

Dalmatian [dæl ˈmeɪʃn]

中 n. 达尔马提亚人；达尔马提亚狗 adj. 达尔马提亚的 英 n. ① a native or inhabitant of Dalmatia ② a dog of a breed believed to have originated in Dalmatia, having a short, smooth white coat covered with black or dark brown spots adj. ③ of or relating to Dalmatia or its inhabitants or culture 【考点精析】Dalmatian is to dog as cobra is to snake. 种属关系。"达尔马提亚狗"是一种"狗", "眼镜蛇"是一种"蛇"。

migration [maɪ ˈgreɪʃn]

中 n. 迁移，移居；移民群，移栖群，洄游鱼群；【化】【物】移动，徙动 英 ① the act or an instance of migrating ② a group migrating together ③ Chemistry & Physics. the movement of one atom or more from one position to another within a molecule 【考点精析】Bird is to migration as parrot is to imitation. 动物习性关 系。"鸟""迁徙"，"鹦鹉""模仿"

prude [pruːd]

中 n. 过分正经的人 英 one who is excessively concerned with being or appearing to be proper, modest, or righteous

plethora [ˈpleθərə]

中 n. 过多；多血症 英 ① a superabundance, an excess ② an excess of blood in the circulatory system or in one organ or area

parsimony [ˈpɑːrsəmoʊni]

中 n. 过度节俭，吝啬；简约性 英 ① unusual or excessive frugality, extreme economy or stinginess ② adoption of the simplest assumption in the formulation of a theory or in the interpretation of data, especially in accordance with the rule of Ockham's razor 同 frugality, thrift

motion [ˈmoʊʃn]

中 n. 运动，移动；姿势，手势 vt. 向...打手势 vi. 打手势，示意 英 n. ① the act or process of changing position or place ② a meaningful or expressive change in the position of the body or a part of the body; a gesture vt. ③ to direct by making a gesture vi. ④ to signal by making a gesture 同 locomotion

fortune [ˈfɔːrtʃən]

中 n. 运气，好运；成功；财产，财富；命运；宿命 英 ① the chance happening of fortunate or adverse events, luck ② success, especially when at least partially resulting from luck ③ a person's condition or standing in life determined by material possessions or financial wealth ④ fate, destiny 同 luck, wealth

course [kɔːrs]

中 n. 进展，进程；行动方向；道路，路线；经过；(竞赛) 跑道，场地；行为，做法；进展，惯例；系列，连续；一层 (砖石)；课程，科目；(船 的) 航向 vt. 行经，横渡；用 (猎犬) 追踪猎物 vi. 流向；以犬狩猎 英 n. ① onward movement in a particular direction ② the direction of continuing movement ③ the route or path taken by something, such as a stream, that moves ④ movement in time ⑤ a designated area of land or water on which a race is held or a sport played ⑥ a mode of action or behavior ⑦ a typical or natural manner of proceeding or developing ⑧ a systematic or orderly succession ⑨ a continuous layer of building material, such as brick or tile, on a wall or roof of a building ⑩ a complete body of prescribed studies constituting a curriculum ⑪ point on the compass, especially the one toward which a ship is sailing vt. ⑫ to move swiftly through or over ⑬ to hunt (game) with hounds vi. ⑭ to proceed or move swiftly along a specified course ⑮ to hunt game with hounds

galley [ˈgæli]

中 n. 远洋轮船；船上厨房 英 ① an ancient Mediterranean seagoing vessel propelled by oars ② a kitchen on the ship 【考点精析】Kitchen is to house as galley is to ship. 位置关系。"厨 房"对"房屋"相当于"船上厨房"对"船"。

peregrination [ˌperəgrɪ ˈneɪʃn]

中 n. 远途 英 a long journey 同 adventure, expedition, hike

sequence [ˈsiːkwəns]

中 n. 连续；顺序，次序；一系列 vt. 给...安排顺序；测定 (分子成分的) 序列 英 n. ① a following of one thing after another; succession ② an order of succession; an arrangement ③ a related or continuous series vt. ④ to organize or arrange in a sequence ⑤ to determine the order of constituents in (a polymer, such as a nucleic acid or protein molecule)

reminiscence [ˌremɪ ˈnɪsns]

中 n. 追忆，缅怀；所忆之事 英 ① the act or process of recollecting past experiences or events ② an experience or event recollected 同 memory, nostalgia, recall, recollection

pension [ˈpenʃn]

中 n. 退休金，抚恤金 vt. 发给...养老金；用补助金使退休或解雇 英 n. ① a sum of money paid regularly as a retirement benefit or by way of patronage vt. ② to grant a pension to ③ to retire or dismiss with a pension

lens [lenz]

中 n. 透镜，镜片；辐射镜 vt. 给...摄影，给...拍照 英 n. ① a ground or molded piece of glass, plastic, or other transparent material with opposite surfaces either or both of which are curved, by means of which light rays are refracted so that they converge or diverge to form an image ② a device that causes radiation other than light to converge or diverge by an action analogous to that of an optical lens vt. ③ to make a photograph or movie of

slander [ˈslændər]

中 n. 造谣，诽谤 vt. 造谣中伤 vi. 造谣 英 n. ① oral communication of false statements injurious to a person's reputation; a false and malicious statement or report about someone vt. ② to communicate a slander about vi. ③ to utter or spread slander 同 discredit, libel, slur, smear

shelter [ˈʃeltər]

中 n. 遮蔽物；避难所，庇护所；收容所 vt. 隐蔽，保护；投资 (以逃税) vi. 避难 英 n. ① something that provides cover or protection, as from the weather ② a refuge; a haven ③ an establishment that provides temporary housing for homeless people vt. ④ to provide cover or protection for ⑤ to invest (income) to protect it from taxation vi. ⑥ to take cover; find refuge 同 haven, refuge, retreat, sanctuary; haven, refuge, retreat

suburb [ˈsʌbɜːrb]

中 n. 郊区；[-S,-s]城郊 英 ① a usually residential area or community outlying a city ② [suburbs] the usually residential region around a major city; the environs

segment [ˈsegmənt]

中 n. 部分，片段；线段；球缺 vt. 切割，分割 英 n. ① any of the parts into which something can be divided ② the portion of a line between any two points on the line ③ the portion of a sphere cut off by two parallel planes vt. ④ to divide or become divided into segments 同 division, fraction, part, portion, section, subdivision; cut, divide

portion [ˈpɔːrʃn]

中 n. 部分；一份 vt. 划分，分配 英 n. ① a section or quantity within a larger thing; a part of a whole ② a part separated from a whole vt. ③ to divide into parts or shares for distribution; parcel

spouse [spaʊs]

中 n. 配偶 vt. 和...结婚 英 n. ① a marriage partner; a husband or wife vt. ② to marry; wed

yeast [jiːst]

中 n. 酵母菌；发酵剂 英 ① any of various unicellular fungi of the genus Saccharomyces, especially S. cerevisiae, reproducing by budding and from ascospores and capable of fermenting carbohydrates ② froth consisting of yeast cells together with the carbon dioxide they produce in the process of fermentation, present in or added to fruit juices and other substances in the production of alcoholic beverages

leaven [ˈlevn]

中 n. 酵素；使轻松、活跃或缓和的因素 vt. 向...中添加发酵剂；使膨 胀；使轻松、活跃或缓和 英 n. ① an agent, such as yeast, that causes batter or dough to rise, especially by fermentation ② an element, influence, or agent that works subtly to lighten, enliven, or modify a whole vt. ③ to add a rising agent to ④ to cause to rise, especially by fermentation ⑤ to pervade with a lightening, enlivening, or modifying influence

vinegar [ˈvɪnɪgər]

中 n. 醋；尖酸，刻薄 英 ① an impure dilute solution of acetic acid obtained by fermentation beyond the alcohol stage and used as a condiment and preservative ② sourness of speech or mood

felon [ˈfelən]

中 n. 重罪犯 adj. 邪恶的，残酷的 英 n. ① one who has committed a felony adj. ② evil; cruel 同 burglar, criminal, pilfer, thief; cruel, evil

stress [stres]

中 n. 重要性，强调；压力；重音 vt. 着重于，强调 英 n. ① importance, significance, or emphasis placed on something ② a mentally or emotionally disruptive or upsetting condition occurring in response to adverse external influences and capable of affecting physical health, usually characterized by increased heart rate, a rise in blood pressure, muscular tension, irritability, and depression ③ the emphasis placed on the sound or syllable spoken most forcefully in a word or phrase vt. ④ to place emphasis on 同 accent, emphasis, importance, significance, strain; accent, force, strain, urge

protractor [prəˈtræktər]

中 n. 量角器 英 a semicircular instrument for measuring and constructing angles

conifer [ˈkɑːnɪfər]

中 n. 针叶树 英 any of various mostly needle-leaved or scale-leaved, chiefly evergreen, cone-bearing gymnospermous trees or shrubs such as pines, spruces, and firs

needle [ˈniːdl]

中 n. 针，缝衣针；编织针 vt. 用针缝，用针穿刺 vi. 缝纫，做针线 英 n. ① a small, slender implement used for sewing or surgical suturing, made usually of polished steel and having an eye at one end through which a length of thread is passed and held ② any one of various other implements, such as one used in knitting or crocheting vt. ③ to prick, pierce, or stitch with a small, slender, sharp-pointed implement vi. ④ to sew or do similar work with a small, slender, sharp-pointed implement 同 sew, stitch

nail [neɪl]

中 n. 钉子，图钉；手指甲，脚趾甲 vt. 钉牢；使固定，使动弹不得；抓 住，捕获 英 n. ① a slim, pointed piece of metal hammered into material as a fastener ② a fingernail or toenail vt. ③ to fasten, join, or attach with or as if with a nail ④ to keep fixed, motionless, or intent ⑤ to stop and seize; catch 同 apprehend, capture, catch, fasten, secure, seize

cymbal [ˈsɪmbl]

中 n. 钹，铙钹 英 a percussion instrument consisting of a concave brass plate that makes a loud clashing tone when hit with a drumstick or when used in pairs

drill [drɪl]

中 n. 钻，钻机；训练 v. 钻 (孔)；训练，操练 英 n. ① an implement with cutting edges or a pointed end for boring holes in hard materials, usually by a rotating abrasion or repeated blows; a bit ② disciplined, repetitious exercise as a means of teaching and perfecting a skill or procedure v. ③ to make a hole with or as if with a drill ④ to perform a training exercise 同 discipline, exercise, instruct, practice, train 【考点精析】Drill is to oil as mine is to ore. 动宾关系，或者能源及其获取方式的关系。钻探石油(或者说钻探能够获取石油)，挖掘矿石(或者说挖掘能够获取矿石)。

pacify [ˈpæsɪfaɪ]

中 vt. 使平静，抚慰；平定，平息 英 ① to ease the anger or agitation of ② to end war, fighting, or violence in; establish peace in 同 appease, calm down, conciliate, mollify, placate, sooth, suave

rust [rʌst]

中 n. 铁锈；锈 vi. 生锈，被腐蚀 vt. 使生锈；损害 英 n. ① any of various powdery or scaly reddish-brown or reddishyellow hydrated ferric oxides formed on iron and iron-containing materials by low-temperature oxidation in the presence of water ② any of various metallic coatings, especially oxides, formed by corrosion vi. ③ to become corroded vt. ④ to corrode or subject (a metal) to rust formation ⑤ to impair or spoil, as by misuse or inactivity 同 corrode, erode, impair, spoil

rivet [ˈrɪvɪt]

中 n. 铆钉，包头钉 vt. 用铆钉固定，铆接；(通过敲打) 使牢固，使固 定 英 n. ① a metal bolt or pin having a head on one end, inserted through aligned holes in the pieces to be joined and then hammered on the plain end so as to form a second head vt. ② to fasten or secure with or as if with a rivet ③ to hammer the headless end of so as to form a head and fasten something 同 fasten, fix

hinge [hɪndʒ]

中 n. 铰链，折叶；类似铰链的装置 vt. 给...装铰链，用铰链接合；使 依靠，使基于 vi. 取决于 英 n. ① a jointed or flexible device that allows the turning or pivoting of a part, such as a door or lid, on a stationary frame ② a similar structure or part, such as one that enables the valves of a bivalve mollusk to open and close vt. ③ to attach by or equip with or as if with hinges or a hinge ④ to consider or make (something) dependent on something else; predicate vi. ⑤ to be contingent on a single factor, depend

teller [ˈtelər]

中 n. 银行出纳员；银行自动取款机；(议会等选举的) 计票员 英 ① a bank employee who receives and pays out money ② an automated teller machine ③ a person appointed to count votes in a legislative assembly

silverware [ˈsɪlvərwer]

中 n. 银餐具；金属餐具 英 ① hollowware and flatware made of or plated with silver ② metal eating and serving utensils

mint [mɪnt]

中 n. 铸币厂；制造所，来源 vt. 铸造，铸币 adj. 崭新的，无损伤的 英 n. ① a place where the coins of a country are manufactured by authority of the government ② a place or source of manufacture or invention vt. ③ to produce (money) by stamping metal; coin adj. ④ undamaged as if freshly minted 【考点精析】Coin is to mint as wine is to vineyard. 事物及其出产地的 关系。"硬币"由"铸币厂"做出，"葡萄酒"由"葡萄园"做出。

misuse [ˌmɪsˈjuːs]

中 n. 错用 vt. 滥用 英 n. ① improper, unlawful, or incorrect use; misapplication vt. ② to use incorrectly 同 abuse, misapply, mistrea

illusion [ɪ ˈluːʒn]

中 n. 错觉，错误的观念；假象，幻影；幻觉，幻想；魔术手法；(女士 用) 薄纱 英 ① an erroneous perception of reality, an erroneous concept or belief ② the condition of being deceived by a false perception or belief ③ something, such as a fantastic plan or desire, that causes an erroneous belief or perception ④ illusionism in art ⑤ a fine transparent cloth, used for dresses or trimmings 同 fancy, fantasy, mirage

gong [gɑːŋ]

中 n. 锣；铃 vi. 发出锣声 英 n. ① a rimmed metal disk that produces a loud, sonorous tone when struck with a padded mallet ② a usually saucer-shaped bell that is struck with a mechanically operated hammer vi. ③ to make the sound of a gong 【考点精析】Bell is to clapper as gong is to striker. 乐器及其发声工具 的关系。"铃铛里的铃舌"使"铃铛"发出声音，"敲锣的棒 槌"使"锣"发出声音。

hammer [ˈhæmər]

中 n. 锤子 vt. 锤击，捶打 vi. 连续敲打 英 n. ① a hand tool used to exert an impulsive force by striking, consisting of a handle with a perpendicularly attached head made of a relatively heavy, rigid material vt. ② to hit, especially repeatedly, with or as if with a hammer vi. ③ to deal repeated blows with or as if with a hammer, pummel 【考点精析】Hammer is to pound as jack is to raise. 工具及其功能的关 系。"锤子"可以"敲打"，"千斤顶"可以"抬东西"。

cone [koʊn]

中 n. 锥面；圆锥体；圆锥形；锥形物体 vt. 使成锥体 英 vt. ⑤ to shape (something) like a cone or a segment of one

saw [sɔː]

中 n. 锯 vt. 锯成，锯开；拉锯，来回拉动 vi. 用锯；被锯 英 n. ① any of various tools, either hand-operated or power-driven, having a thin metal blade or disk with a sharp, usually toothed edge, used for cutting wood, metal, or other hard materials vt. ② to produce or shape with a saw ③ to makeback-and-forth motions through or on vi. ④ to use a saw ⑤ to undergo cutting with a saw

mirror [ˈmɪrər]

中 n. 镜子 vt. 反映，映照 英 n. ① a surface capable of reflecting sufficient undiffused light to form a virtual image of an object placed in front of it vt. ② to reflect in or as if in a mirror 同 copy, emulate, follow, imitate, impersonate, mimic, simulate

harangue [həˈræŋ]

中 n. 长篇大论的演说，高谈阔论 v. 对...高谈阔论，发表长篇演说 英 n. ① a long, pompous speech, especially one delivered before a gathering v. ② to deliver a harangue (to) 同 long speech, lecture; articulate, enunciate L MP3-14 IST 14

spike [spaɪk]

中 n. 长而厚的尖头木片或金属片；大钉，道钉 vt. 用大钉钉牢；用尖 物刺穿或伤害 英 n. ① a long, thick, sharp-pointed piece of wood or metal ② a heavy nail vt. ③ to secure or provide with a spike ④ to impale, pierce, or injure with a spike

doorman [ˈdɔːrmən]

中 n. 门卫 英 a man employed to attend the entrance of a hotel, an apartment house, or other building

lobby [ˈlɑːbi]

中 n. 门厅；民众接待厅 v. 游说 英 n. ① a hall, foyer, or waiting room at or near the entrance to a building, such as a hotel or theater ② a public room next to the assembly chamber of a legislative body v. ③ to try to influence the thinking of legislators or other public officials for or against a specific cause; to try to influence public officials on behalf of or against (proposed legislation, for example)

gossip [ˈgɑːsɪp]

中 n. 闲聊，流言蜚语；爱讲闲话的人；杂谈，随笔；密友，伙伴 vi. 传 播流言 英 n. ① rumor or talk of a personal, sensational, or intimate nature ② a person who habitually spreads intimate or private rumors or facts ③ trivial, chatty talk or writing ④ a close friend or companion vi. ⑤ to engage in or spread gossip

interruption [ˌɪntəˈrʌpʃn]

中 n. 阻碍， 中止；打扰，干扰；休止，间歇 英 ① stoping or hindering by breaking in ② breaking the uniformity or continuity of ③ a period of stopping 同 break, disruption, gap, intermission, pause, suspension

restriction [rɪ ˈstrɪkʃn]

中 n. 限制，限定，约束；约束因素 英 ① the act of restricting or the state of being restricted ② something that restricts; a regulation or limitation 同 confinement, limitation, regulation

juror [ˈdʒʊrər]

中 n. 陪审团成员；评委 英 ① one who serves as a member of a jury ② one who serves on a deliberative body analogous to a jury 同 jury

potter [ˈpɑːtər]

中 n. 陶工，制陶工人 英 one who makes pottery

entourage [ˈɑːnturɑːʒ]

中 n. 随行人员，随从；周围的事物，环境 英 ① a group of attendants or associates ② one's environment or surroundings 同 attendant, retinue

metaphor [ˈmetəfər]

中 n. 隐喻；象征 英 ① a figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison ② one thing conceived as representing another; a symbol

recluse [ˈrekluːs]

中 n. 隐士 adj. 隐居的 英 n. ① a person who withdraws from the world to live in seclusion and often in solitude adj. ② withdrawn from the world; reclusive 同 hermit, isolationist; reclusive

hermitage [ˈhɜːrmɪtɪdʒ]

中 n. 隐士住处；修道院；僻静的住处；隐士生活 英 ① the habitation of a hermit or group of hermits ② a monastery or an abbey ③ a place where one can live in seclusion, a retreat ④ the condition or way of life of a hermit 同 isolation, seclusion

rooster [ˈruːstər]

中 n. 雄鸡，公鸡；雄禽；狂妄自大或好斗的人 英 ① an adult male chicken ② an adult male of other birds ③ a person regarded as cocky or pugnacious

statue [ˈstætʃuː]

中 n. 雕像 英 a three-dimensional form or likeness sculpted, modeled, carved, or cast in material such as stone, clay, wood, or bronze 【考点精析】Baker is to bread as sculptor is to statue. 人物及其工作成 果的关系。"面包师"的工作成果是"面包"，"雕刻家"的工作成果 是"雕像"。

sculptor [ˈskʌlptər]

中 n. 雕刻家 英 one who shapes, molds, or fashions especially with artistry or precision 【考点精析】Baker is to bread as sculptor is to statue. 人物及其工作成 果的关系。"面包师"的工作成果是"面包"，"雕刻家"的工作成果 是"雕像"。

retailer [ˈriːteɪlər]

中 n. 零售商 英 a person or business that sells goods to customers in a shop retard 中 [rɪ ˈtɑːrd] vt. 使减速，使延迟，阻碍 vi. 延迟 [ˈriːtɑːrd] n. 减速，放 慢，延迟 英 vt. ① to cause to move or proceed slowly; delay or impede vi. ② to be delayed n. ③ a slowing down or hindering of progress; a delay 同 delay, detain, hamper, hinder, impede, inhibit

thunder [ˈθʌndər]

中 n. 雷，雷声；雷鸣般的响声，轰隆声 vi. 打雷；轰隆隆地响 vt. 厉声 喊出，怒吼，咆哮 英 n. ① the crashing or booming sound produced by rapidly expanding air along the path of the electrical discharge of lightning ② a sound that resembles or suggests thunder vi. ③ to produce thunder ④ to produce sounds like thunder vt. ⑤ to express violently, commandingly, or angrily; roar

tremor [ˈtremər]

中 n. 震动，颤动 英 a shaking or vibrating movement, as of the earth 同 quake, quiver, shiver, trembling

mildew [ˈmɪlduː]

中 n. 霉，霉菌；(霉菌引起的) 变色，退色；(植物的) 霉病 vt. (使) 长 霉，(使) 发霉 英 n. ① any of various fungi that form a superficial, usually whitish growth on plants and various organic materials ② a superficial coating or discoloration of organic materials, such as cloth, paper, or leather, caused by fungi, especially under damp conditions ③ a plant disease caused by such fungi vt. ④ to affect or become affected with mildew

pageant [ˈpædʒənt]

中 n. 露天历史剧；庆典，游行；炫耀，浮华 英 ① an elaborate public dramatic presentation that usually depicts a historical or traditional event ② a spectacular procession or celebration ③ colorful, showy display; pageantry or pomp 同 display, entertainment, exhibition, parade, spectacle

prowess [ˈpraʊəs]

中 n. 非凡的技能，高超的技艺，造诣；英勇 英 ① superior skill or ability ② superior strength, courage, or daring, especially in battle 同 audacity, boldness, daring, gallantry, intrepidity, valiancy

mask [mæsk]

中 n. 面具，面罩；假面具；防护罩；防毒面具 vt. 掩盖，遮盖；遮避，掩 护 vi. 戴面具；掩饰，伪装 英 n. ① a covering worn on the face to conceal one's identity ② a grotesque or comical representation of a face, worn especially to frighten or amuse, as at Halloween ③ a protective covering for the face or head ④ a gas mask vt. ⑤ to make indistinct or blurred to the senses ⑥ to cover in order to conceal, protect, or disguise vi. ⑦ to put on a mask, especially for a masquerade ball ⑧ to conceal one's real personality, character, or intentions 【考点精析】Mask is to face as shoe is to foot. 位置关系。"面具"戴 在"脸"上，"鞋子"穿在"脚"上。

crust [krʌst]

中 n. 面包皮；馅饼皮；坚硬表面；地壳；外壳 vt. 用硬皮覆盖 vi. 变得覆有硬壳 英 n. ① the hard outer portion or surface area of bread ② a pastry shell, as of a pie or tart ③ a hard, crisp covering or surface ④ the exterior portion of the earth ⑤ the outermost solid layer of a planet or moon vt. ⑥ to cover with a crust vi. ⑦ to ecome covered with a crust

noodle [ˈnuːdl]

中 n. 面条 vi. 即兴演奏 英 n. ① a narrow, ribbonlike strip of dried dough, usually made of flour, eggs, and water vi. ② to improvise music on an instrument in an idle, haphazard fashion

flour [ˈflaʊər]

中 n. 面粉；粉状物体；细软的粉末 vt. 撒粉于；将...磨成粉 英 n. ① a fine, powdery foodstuff obtained by grinding and sifting the meal of a grain, especially wheat, used chiefly in baking ② any of various similar finely ground or powdered foodstuffs, as of cassava, fish, or bananas ③ a soft, fine powder v t. ④ to cover or coat with flour ⑤ to make into flour

veil [veɪl]

中 n. 面纱，面罩；修女的头巾；帷幔，幕布 vt. 戴面纱，戴面罩；遮 掩，掩饰 英 n. ① a length of cloth worn by women over the head, shoulders, and often the face ② a length of netting attached to a woman's hat or headdress, worn for decoration or to protect the head and face ③ the part of a nun's headdress that frames the face and falls over the shoulders ④ a piece of light fabric hung to separate or conceal what is behind it vt. ⑤ to cover with or as if with a veil 同 conceal, cover, hide

saddle [ˈsædl]

中 n. 鞍，鞍具 vt. 给...装鞍 vi. 装上马鞍 英 n. ① a leather seat for a rider, secured on an animal's back by a girth; similar tack used for attaching a pack to an animal vt. ② to put a saddle onto vi. ③ to saddle a horse 同 harness, yoke

concert [ˈkɑːnsərt]

中 n. 音乐会；一致，和谐；一致的行动 英 ① a performance given by one or more singers or instrumentalists or both ② agreement in purpose, feeling, or action ③ concerted action

malapropism [ˈmæləprɑːpɪzəm]

中 n. 音近词的滑稽误用 英 ludicrous misuse of a word, especially by confusion with one of similar sound

shale [ʃeɪl]

中 n. 页岩 英 a fissile rock composed of layers of claylike, fine-grained sediments

summit [ˈsʌmɪt]

中 n. 顶点，最高点，极点；最高级别；最高阶层；首脑会议，峰会 英 ① the highest point or part; the top ② the highest level or degree that can be attained ③ the highest level, as of government officials ④ a summit conference 同 apex, peak, top, pinnacle

obstinacy [ˈɑːbstɪnəsi]

中 n. 顽固，倔强 英 the state or quality of being stubborn or refractory 同 mulishness, pertinacity, stubbornness

passbook [ˈpæsbʊk]

中 n. 顾客赊账簿 英 a book in which a merchant records credit sale

eulogy [ˈjuːlədʒi]

中 n. 颂词，颂文；称颂，赞美 英 ① a laudatory speech or written tribute, especially one praising someone who has died ② high praise or commendation 同 encomium 【考点精析】Elegy is to lament as eulogy is to praise. 诗歌形式及其表 达感情的关系。"挽诗"表达"哀悼"，"赞诗"表达"赞扬"。

soothsayer [ˈsuːθseɪər]

中 n. 预言者 英 one who claims to be able to foretell events or predict the future; a seer 同 prophet, seer

harbinger [ˈhɑːrbɪndʒər]

中 n. 预言者；先驱，先锋 vt. 预报，预示 英 n. ① one that indicates or foreshadows what is to come ② a forerunner vt. ③ to signal the approach of, presage 同 forerunner, omen, precursor

prophecy [ˈprɑːfəsi]

中 n. 预言；预示，先兆；预言书；预言能力 英 ① an inspired utterance of a prophet, viewed as a revelation of divine will ② a prediction of the future, made under divine inspiration ③ such an inspired message or prediction transmitted orally or in writing ④ the vocation or condition of a prophet

premeditation [ˌpriːˌmedɪ ˈteɪʃn]

中 n. 预谋 英 the act of speculating, arranging, or plotting in advance 同 forethought

precaution [prɪ ˈkɔːʃn]

中 n. 预防措施；预防，防备 英 ① an action taken in advance to protect against possible danger or failure; a safeguard ② caution practiced in advance; forethought or circumspection 同 foresight, forewarning, safeguard

conductor [kənˈdʌktər]

中 n. 领导者，管理者；列车员；(合唱团) 指挥；导体；避雷针 英 ① one who conducts ② one who is in charge of a railroad train, bus, or streetcar ③ one who directs an orchestra or other such group ④ a substance or medium that conducts heat, light, sound, or especially an electric charge ⑤ a lightning rod, as on a house or barn

pigment [ˈpɪgmənt]

中 n. 颜料，涂料；色素 vt. 用涂料给...着色 英 n. ① a substance used as coloring; dry coloring matter, usually an insoluble powder to be mixed with water, oil, or another base to produce paint and similar products ② a substance, such as chlorophyll or melanin, that produces a characteristic color in plant or animal tissue vt. ③ to color with pigment 同 color source 【考点精析】Pigment is to albino as hair is to bald."缺乏"关系。"白化 病"患者缺乏"色素"，"秃子"缺乏"头发"。

vane [veɪn]

中 n. 风向标；(风车等的) 叶片，轮叶 英 ① a weathervane ② any of several usually relatively thin, rigid, flat, or sometimes curved surfaces radially mounted along an axis, as a blade in a turbine or a sail on a windmill, that is turned by or used to turn a fluid

hood [hʊd]

中 n. 风帽，兜帽；(给鹰戴的) 头罩；排风罩；车篷，车盖 vt. 给...加罩 英 n. ① a loose pliable covering for the head and neck, either attached to a robe or jacket or separate ② sack placed over a falcon's head to keep the bird quiet ③ a metal cover or cowl for a hearth or stove ④ a carriage top vt. ⑤ to supply or cover with a hood 同 cap

landscape [ˈlændskeɪp]

中 n. 风景；风景画 vt. 通过种植花草树木美化 (一片土地) vi. 从事园 艺设计 英 n. ① an expanse of scenery that can be seen in a single view ② a picture depicting an expanse of scenery vt. ③ to adorn or improve (a section of ground) by contouring and by planting flowers, shrubs, or trees vi. ④ to arrange grounds artistically as a profession

organist [ˈɔːrgənɪst]

中 n. 风琴手，风琴演奏家 英 one who plays the organ

hangar [ˈhæŋər]

中 n. 飞机棚，飞机库 英 a shelter especially for housing or repairing aircraft

Pegasus [ˈpegəsəs]

中 n. 飞马座 英 a constellation in the Northern Hemisphere near Aquarius and Andromeda 【知识拓展】在古希腊神话故事中，当英雄珀尔修斯割下魔女墨杜萨 的头时，从魔女头里流出来的血中，跳出一匹长翅膀的白马珀加索 斯。珀尔修斯骑上这匹飞马，救出了仙女安德洛墨达。后来，这匹飞 马被天神宙斯提到天上，成为飞马座。所以现在英仙座、仙女座和 飞马座总是连在一起的。

cookbook [ˈkʊkbʊk]

中 n. 食谱 英 a book containing recipes and other information about the preparation of food

famine [ˈfæmɪn]

中 n. 饥荒；极度饥饿 英 ① a drastic, wide-reaching food shortage ② severe hunger, starvation 同 hunger 【考点精析】Famine is to food as drought is to water."缺乏"关系。"饥 荒"就是缺乏"食物"，"干旱"就是缺乏"水"

pie [paɪ]

中 n. 馅饼，肉饼，水果派；分层饼；总额，全体 英 ① a baked food composed of a shell of pastry that is filled with fruit, meat, cheese, or other ingredients, and usually covered with a pastry crust ② a layer cake having cream, custard, or jelly filling ③ a whole that can be shared

spice [spaɪs]

中 n. 香料；香味 vt. 用香料调味；给...增加趣味 英 n. ① any of various pungent, aromatic plant substances, such as cinnamon or nutmeg, used to flavor foods or beverages ② a pungent aroma; a perfume vt. ③ to season with spices ④ to add zest or flavor to 同 flavor, season, ingredient; flavor, ingredient

perfume [pərˈfjuːm]

中 n. 香水，香料；香气，芬芳 vt. 使充满香气 英 n. ① a substance that emits and diffuses a fragrant odor, especially a volatile liquid distilled from flowers or prepared synthetically ② a pleasing or agreeable scent or odor vt. ③ to impregnate with fragrance, impart a pleasant odor to 同 aroma, fragrance

spur [spɜːr]

中 n. 马刺，靴刺；刺激，激励，鞭策 vt. 用马刺策 (马) 前进；刺激，激 励，鞭策 vi. 策马飞奔 英 n. ① a short spike or spiked wheel that attaches to the heel of a rider's boot and is used to urge a horse forward ② something that serves as a goad or an incentive vt. ③ to urge (a horse) on by the use of spurs ④ to incite or stimulate vi. ⑤ to ride quickly by spurring a horse 同 goad, prod, whip; coerce, compel, drive force, goad, motivate, propel, prod, stimulate, whip

mosaic [moʊˈzeɪɪk]

中 n. 马赛克；镶嵌工艺；组合图画，马赛克画 vt. 镶嵌；用马赛克装 饰 英 n. ① a picture or decorative design made by setting small colored pieces, as of stone or tile, into a surface ② the process or art of making such pictures or designs ③ a composite picture made of overlapping, usually aerial, photographs vt. ④ to make by mosaic ⑤ to adorn with or as if with mosaic

horseshoe [ˈhɔːrsʃuː]

中 n. 马蹄铁 vt. 装马蹄铁于 英 n. ① a flat U-shaped metal plate fitted and nailed to the bottom of a horse's hoof for protection vt. ② to fit with horseshoes

stirrup [ˈstɪrəp]

中 n. 马镫 英 a flat-based loop or ring hung from either side of a horse's saddle to support the rider's foot in mounting and riding; a stirrup iron

optometrist [ɑːpˈtɑːmətrɪst]

中 n. 验光师，配镜师 英 a person who is professionally trained and licensed to examine the eyes for visual defects, diagnose problems or impairments, and prescribe corrective lenses or provide other types of treatment

uproar [ˈʌprɔːr]

中 n. 骚动，骚乱，喧嚣；激烈的争吵 英 ① a condition of noisy excitement and confusion ② a heated controversy 同 commontion, rage, tumult, turmoil 【考点精析】Uproar is to silence as rage is to forbearance. 反义关 系。"喧嚣"与"沉默", "生气"与"隐忍"。

mule [mjuːl]

中 n. 骡；杂交不育的动 (植) 物 英 ① the sterile hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse, characterized by long ears and a short mane ② a sterile hybrid, as between a canary and other birds or between certain plants

plateau [plæˈtoʊ]

中 n. 高原；稳定水平 vi. 达到稳定水平 英 n. ① an elevated, comparatively level expanse of land; a tableland ② a relatively stable level, period, or state vi. ③ to reach a stable level, level off

stage [steɪdʒ]

中 n. 高台；舞台；时期，阶段 vt. 上演，举办，举行 vi. 适合表演 英 n. ① a raised and level floor or platform ② a raised platform on which theatrical performances are presented ③ a level, degree, or period of time in the course of a process, especially a step in development ④ a point in the course of an action or series of events vt. ⑤ to exhibit or present on or as if on a stage vi. ⑥ to be adaptable to or suitable for theatrical presentation

grimace [grɪ ˈmeɪs]

中 n. 鬼脸，怪相 vi. 扮鬼脸 英 n. ① a sharp contortion of the face expressive of pain, contempt, or disgust vi. ② to make a sharp contortion of the face

roe [roʊ]

中 n. 鱼卵，(鱼含卵的) 卵巢；(龙虾等甲壳动物的) 卵 英 ① the eggs or the egg-laden ovary of a fish ② the egg mass or spawn of certain crustaceans, such as the lobster

shark [ʃɑːrk]

中 n. 鲨鱼；贪婪的人；恶毒的放高利贷者 vt. 骗取 vi. 诈骗 英 n. ① any of numerous chiefly marine carnivorous fishes of the class Chondrichthyes (subclass Elasmobranchii), which are sometimes large and voracious and have a streamlined, torpedolike body, five to seven gill openings on each side of the head, a large oil-filled liver, a cartilaginous skeleton, and tough skin covered with small toothlike scales ② a person regarded as ruthless, greedy, or dishonest ③ a vicious usurer vt. ④ to obtain by deceitful means vi. ⑤ to practice or live by fraud and trickery

fin [fɪn]

中 n. 鳍 英 a membranous appendage extending from the body of a fish or other aquatic animal, used for propelling, steering, or balancing the body in the water

duck [dʌk]

中 n. 鸭；鸭肉 vt. 迅速低下 (头或身子)；闪避，避开；将...按入水中vi. 迅速低头，迅速弯身；头或身子浸入水中；逃避责任 英 n. ① any of various wild or domesticated swimming birds of the family Anatidae, characteristically having a broad, flat bill, short legs, and webbed feet ② the flesh of a duck used as food vt. ③ to lower quickly, especially so as to avoid something ④ to evade, dodge ⑤ to push suddenly under water vi. ⑥ to lower the head or body ⑦ to submerge the head or body briefly in water ⑧ to evade a responsibility or obligation 【考点精析】Duck is to waddle as snake is to slither. 动物及其行走方式的关系。"鸭子"是"摇摇摆摆地走"，"蛇"是"滑行着走"。

prance [præns]

中 vi. (马) 腾跃；欢跃，雀跃；策马奔腾 vt. 使 (马) 腾跃 n. 腾跃 英 vi. ① (used of a horse) to spring forward on the hind legs ② to spring or bound forward in a manner reminiscent of a spirited horse ③ to ride a horse moving in such a fashion vt. ④ to cause (a horse) to prance n. ⑤ the act or an instance of prancing 同 bounce, romp

emu [ˈiːmjuː]

中 n. 鸸鹋 英 a large, flightless Australian bird related to and resembling the ostrich and the cassowary 【知识拓展】鸸鹋，也叫澳洲鸵鸟，是世界上现存的除了鸵鸟以外最 大的陆地鸟，是世界上最古老的鸟种之一，也是鸟纲鹤鸵目鸸鹋科 唯一残存种。鸸鹋仅分布在澳大利亚，是澳大利亚最大的鸟，也是 澳大利亚的象征性动物之一。

goose [guːs]

中 n. 鹅 vt. 发动，推进 英 n. ① any of various wild or domesticated water birds of the family Anatidae, and especially of the genera Anser and Branta, characteristically having a shorter neck than that of a swan and a shorter, more pointed bill than that of a duck vt. ② to move to action, spur 【考点精析】Ewe is to ram as goose is to gander. ( 同一种动物的)公与 母的关系。"母羊" 对"公羊"相当于"母鹅"对"公鹅"。这也是SSAT 常考的一个关系。

crane [kreɪn]

中 n. 鹤；起重机 vt. 起吊，吊运；伸长 (脖子) vi. 伸长脖子看；犹豫， 踌躇 英 n. ① any of various large wading birds of the family Gruidae, having a long neck, long legs, and a long bill ② a machine for hoisting and moving heavy objects by means of cables attached to a movable boom vt. ③ to hoist or move with or as if with a crane ④ to strain and stretch (the neck, for example) in order to see better vi. ⑤to stretch one's neck toward something for a better view ⑥ to be irresolute

parrot [ˈpærət]

中 n. 鹦鹉；应声虫，学舌者 vt. 机械地重复或模仿 英 n. ① any of numerous tropical and semitropical birds of the order Psittaciformes, characterized by a short hooked bill, brightly colored plumage, and, in some species, the ability to mimic human speech or other sounds ② one who imitates the words or actions of another, especially without understanding them vt. ③ to repeat or imitate, especially without understanding

venison [ˈvenɪsn]

中 n. 鹿肉 英 the flesh of a deer used as food

mash [mæʃ]

中 n. 麦芽浆 vt. 捣碎，磨碎 英 n. a fermentable starchy mixture from which alcohol or spirits can be distilled vt. to convert (malt or grain) into mash

topaz [ˈtoʊpæz]

中 n. 黄晶，黄玉 英 a colorless, blue, yellow, brown, or pink aluminum silicate mineral, often found in association with granitic rocks and valued as a gemstone, especially in the brown and pink varieties

inspiration [ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn]

中 n. 鼓舞，振奋；鼓舞人心的人或事；灵感，妙计 英 ① stimulation of the mind or emotions to a high level of feeling or activity ② an agency, such as a person or work of art, that moves the intellect or emotions or prompts action or invention ③ something, such as a sudden creative act or idea, that is inspired 同 excitation, invigoration, stimulus

drum [drʌm]

中 n. 鼓；鼓声；鼓状物，圆筒，滚筒 vt. 击鼓；咚咚地敲 英 n. ① a percussion instrument consisting of a hollow cylinder or hemisphere with a membrane stretched tightly over one or both ends, played by beating with the hands or sticks ② a sound produced by this instrument ③ something resembling a drum in shape or structure, especially a barrellike metal container or a metal cylinder wound with cable, wire, or heavy rope vt. ④ to play a drum ordrums ④ to thump or tap rhythmically or continually

porpoise [ˈpɔːrpəs]

中 n. 鼠海豚 英 any of several gregarious toothed whales of the genus Phocaena and related genera, of oceanic waters, characteristically having a blunt snout and a triangular dorsal fin 【知识拓展】鼠海豚是一种可以长至1.85 米的齿鲸。它身体粗壮，背 鳍呈三角形，背部黑色，腹部白色。鼠海豚喜欢海岸附近、约20 米 中等深度、比较平静的海域，但偶尔也会游到深海。它以鱼、甲壳动 物和乌贼等为食。鼠海豚是北海和波罗的海中最常见的齿鲸，但是 其数量一直在不断减少，原因可能是人类向海水中排放的有毒物质 造成海水污染，以及人类的捕猎行为。

weasel [ˈwiːzl]

中 n. 鼬，黄鼠狼；刁钻而靠不住的人 英 ① any of various carnivorous mammals of the genus Mustela, having a long slender body, a long tail, short legs, and brownish fur that in many species turns white in winter ② a person regarded as sneaky or treacherous 【知识拓展】鼬是鼬科动物的通称，全世界共有17 种。该科动物的普 遍特点是状似鼠而身长尾大，躯体瘦削，四肢较短，属于小型食肉 动物。鼬动作非常矫捷，在面临敌人时能由肛门分泌臭液进行自 卫。大多数种类有赤褐色的毛皮，躯体下半部呈白色或黄色。有少 数种类，如白鼬、伶鼬在冬天时会换毛，呈现白色，易于在雪地环境 中自我保护。

mole [moʊl]

中 n. 鼹鼠；间谍 英 ① any of various small insectivorous mammals of the family Talpidae, usually living underground and having thickset bodies with light brown to dark gray silky fur, rudimentary eyes, tough muzzles, and strong forefeet for burrowing ② a spy who operates from within an organization, especially a double agent operating against his or her own government from within its intelligence establishment 【知识拓展】"鼹鼠"一词在捷克文里拼作krtek，在英文中是mole。由 于鼹鼠善于打洞，现在这个词在媒体报道中已经成了"间谍"的代名 词，如果你听到某某国家情报局抓到一只"鼹鼠"时，可不要真以为 他们是抓到了一只打洞的小老鼠。

tortoise [ˈtɔːrtəs]

中 n. 龟 英 any of various terrestrial turtles, especially one of the family Testudinidae, characteristically having thick clublike hind limbs and a high, rounded carapace 【考点精析】Frog is to toad as turtle is to tortoise. 近亲关系。"青 蛙"与"蟾蜍"，"海龟"与"陆龟"都属于近亲关系。

weaponry [ˈwepənri]

中 n.〈总称〉武器 英 weapons considered as a group

mast [mæst]

中 n.【海】船桅，桅杆；垂直的柱；天线杆 英 ① Nautical. a tall vertical spar, sometimes sectioned, that rises from the keel or deck of a sailing vessel to support the sails and running rigging ② a vertical pole ③ a tall vertical antenna, as for a radio

writhe [raɪð]

中 vi. / n. 挣扎；扭动，翻滚 英 vi. ① to twist, as in pain, struggle, or embarrassment ② to move with a twisting or contorted motion n. ③ the act or an instance of writhing 同 squirm, twist, twitch, wriggle

transact [trænˈzækt]

中 vt. 办理，处理，执行 vi. 进行交易 英 vt. ① to do, carry on, or conduct vi. ② to conduct business 同 carry out, discharge, dispatch, enact, execute, perform

sheer [ʃɪr]

中 v. (使) 偏航 n. 偏离的方向 adj. 薄且透明的；全然的，十足的；纯 粹的，无掺杂的；完全的 adv. 几乎垂直地，陡峭地；完全，全然 英 v. ① to swerve or cause to swerve from a course n. ② a swerving or deviating course adj. ③ thin, fine, and transparent ④ completely such, without qualification or exception ⑤ free from admixture or adulterants; unmixed ⑥ considered or operating apart from anything else adv. ⑦ almost perpendicularly ⑧ completely; altogether 同 absolute, complete, unmixed; altogether, completely

founder [ˈfaʊndər]

中 v. (使) 沉没；(使) 塌陷；(使) 崩溃 n. 奠基者 英 v. ① to (cause to) sink below the water ② to (cause to) cave in, sink ③ to fail utterly, collapse n. ④ one who establishes something or formulates the basis for something 同 collapse, fall, sink, stumble, tumble

emaciate [ɪ ˈmeɪʃieɪt]

中 v. 使瘦弱，变瘦弱 英 to make or become extremely thin, especially as a result of starvation 同 macerate, waste 【考点精析】Frail is to emaciate as robust is to strengthen. 动作及其结果的关系。"使瘦弱"的结果是"瘦弱的"，"使强壮"的结果是"强壮的"。

hinder [ˈhɪndər]

中 v. 妨碍，阻碍 英 vt. ① to be or get in the way of vi. ② to interfere with action or progress 同 clog, hamper, impede, inhibit, interrupt, obstruct

expand [ɪkˈspænd]

中 v. 扩大，增加；详述；展开，张开 英 vt. ① to increase the size, volume, quantity, or scope of ② to express at length or in detail ③ to open (something) up or out vi. ④ to become greater in size, volume, quantity, or scope ⑤ to speak or write at length or in detail ⑥ to open up or out, unfold 同 amplify, broaden, dilate, distend, inflate, swell 【考点精析】Expand is to space as prolong is to time. 动宾搭配。扩展 空间，延长时间。两个动词都有"增加，延长"的意思。

elongate [ɪ ˈlɔːŋgeɪt]

中 v. 拉长，伸长，延长 英 to make or grow longer 同 extend, lengthen, prolong, stretch

rehearse [rɪ ˈhɜːrs]

中 v. 排练，排演；指挥排演；默诵 英 ① to practice (a part in a play, for example) in preparation for a public performance ② to direct in rehearsal ③ to practice something, especially a speech, before presenting it publicly reject 中 [rɪ ˈdʒekt] vt. 拒绝 [ˈriːdʒekt] n. 被拒绝的人 英 vt. ① to refuse to accept, submit to, believe, or make use of n. ② one that has been rejected 同 decline, disavow, disclaim, disown, renounce, repudiate

presume [prɪ ˈzuːm]

中 v. 推测，假定，假设；认定；冒昧，擅自；滥用 英 ① to take for granted as being true in the absence of proof to the contrary; take for granted that something is true or factual; suppose ② to give reasonable evidence for assuming; appear to prove ③ to venture without authority or permission; dare; act overconfidently; take liberties ④ to take unwarranted advantage of something; go beyond the proper limits 同 assume, presuppose, posit, postulate

propose [prəˈpoʊz]

中 v. 提议；推荐，提名；提议为...干杯；企图，打算；求婚 英 ① to put forward for consideration, discussion, or adoption; suggest ② to recommend (a person) for a position, office, or membership; nominate ③ to offer (a toast to be drunk) ④ to make known as one's intention; purpose or intend ⑤ to form or make a proposal of marriage 同 advise, nominate, suggest

poach [poʊtʃ]

中 v. 水煮，烹；偷猎，偷捕 英 ① to cook in a boiling or simmering liquid ② to trespass on (another's property) for fishing or hunting

debate [dɪ ˈbeɪt]

中 v. 考虑，思考；讨论，辩论 n. 思考；辩论；辩论比赛 英 v. ① to consider something, deliberate (on) ② to engage (in argument) by discussing opposing points n. ③ deliberation, consideration ④ a discussion involving opposing points, an argument ⑤ a formal contest of argumentation in which two opposing teams defend and attack a given proposition 同 argue, discuss, dispute, reason 【考点精析】Words is to debate as weapon is to battle. 事物及其运用领 域的关系。"语言"用于"辩论"，"武器"用于"作战"。

deceive [dɪ ˈsiːv]

中 v. 蒙蔽，欺骗 英 to cause to believe what is not true, to practice deceit 同 cheat, defraud, delude, dupe, fraud, mislead, swindle, trick

pursue [pərˈsuː]

中 v. 追逐，追赶；追求，致力于；沿着踪迹前进，跟随；继续进行，从 事 英 ① to follow in an effort to overtake or capture; chase ② to strive to gain or accomplish ③ to proceed along the course of; follow ④ to carry on; continue 同 carry on, chase, continue, follow, strive

resume [rɪ ˈzuːm]

中 v. 重新开始，(中断后) 继续；重新取得，重新占据；重新采用 英 ① to begin or take up again, or continue after interruption ② to assume, take, or occupy again ③ to take on or take back again 同 continue, reoccupy, restore

elucidate [i ˈluːsɪdeɪt]

中 v. 阐明，说明 英 to make clear or plain, especially by explanation 同 clarify, clear, clear up, enlighten, explain, explicate, expound,illuminate, shed light on, straighten out

prophesy [ˈprɑːfəsaɪ]

中 v. 预言；断言，预示；传达神的旨意 英 ① to reveal by divine inspiration ② to predict (the future) with certainty as if by divine inspiration ③ to reveal the will or message of God 同 augur, forebode, forecast, foretell, predict

graze [greɪz]

中 vi. (牛、羊) 吃草 vt. 在田野里吃 (草)；放牧 英 vi. ① to feed on growing grasses and herbage vt. ② to feed on (herbage) in a field or on pastureland ③ to put (livestock) out to feed

sink [sɪŋk]

中 vi. (船等) 淹没，沉没；(水面) 低落，减少；(建筑物等) 陷落；(日、 月) 落下 vt. 使沉没，使陷落；使下垂，使下沉 英 vi. ① to descend to the bottom; submerge ② to fall or drop to a lower level, especially to go down slowly or in stages ③ to subside or settle gradually, as a massive or weighty structure ④ to appear to move downward, as the sun or moon in setting vt. ⑤ to cause to descend beneath a surface ⑥ to cause to drop or lower 同 fall, submerge

stroll [stroʊl]

中 vi. 漫步，闲逛 vt. 在...漫步、闲逛 n. 漫步，闲逛 英 vi. ① to go for a leisurely walk vt. ② to walk along or through at a leisurely pace n. ③ a leisurely walk 同 amble, promenade, ramble, roam, saunter

wince [wɪns]

中 vi. / n. 畏缩，退缩 英 vi. ① to shrink or start involuntarily, as in pain or distress n. ② a shrinking or startled movement or gesture 同 recoil 【考点精析】Laughter is to joke as wince is to pain. 因果关系。因为"玩 笑"所以有"笑声"，因为"疼痛"所以"退缩"。

scamper [ˈskæmpər]

中 vi. / n. 蹦蹦跳跳，快速而轻盈地/的奔走 英 vi. ① to run or go quickly and lightly n. ② a quick light run or movement 同 dart, dash, hustle, rush, scoot, scurry

subside [səbˈsaɪd]

中 vi. 下降，下沉；回落；坐下；沉淀；平静下来，平息 英 ① to sink to a lower or normal level ② to sink or settle down, as into a sofa ③ to sink to the bottom, as a sediment ④ to become less agitated or active; abate 同 abate, decline, decrease, diminish, quell

converse [kənˈvɜːrs]

中 vi. 交谈 n. 谈话 英 vi. ① to engage in a spoken exchange of thoughts, ideas, or feelings n. ② spoken interchange of thoughts and feelings 同 communicate, talk

hoot [huːt]

中 vi. 作猫头鹰叫声；大声叫嚣 vt. 轻蔑地叫喊以轰走 n. 猫头鹰叫声 英 vi. ① to utter the characteristic cry of an owl ② to make a loud raucous cry, especially of derision or contempt vt. ③ to shout down or drive off with jeering cries n. ④ the characteristic cry of an owl

testify [ˈtestɪfaɪ]

中 vi. 作证；声明；证明，证实 vt. 宣布，宣称；作证；证明，证实 英 vi. ① to make a declaration of truth or fact under oath; submit testimony ② to express or declare a strong belief, especially to make a declaration of faith ③ to make a statement based on personal knowledge in support of an asserted fact; bear witness vt. ④ to declare publicly; make known ⑤ to state or affirm under oath ⑥ to bear witness to; provide evidence for 同 attest, confirm, evidence, prove, show

recede [rɪ ˈsiːd]

中 vi. 倒退，后退；向后倾斜；变得模糊，逐渐远离；撤回 英 ① to move back or away from a limit, point, or mark ② to slope backward ③ to become or seem to become fainter or more distant ④ to withdraw or retreat 同 ebb, retract, retreat, retrograde, withdraw

tend [tend]

中 vi. 倾向，趋向；易于，有意愿；走向；伺候，招待；注意，关心 vt. 照 管，照料；管理 英 vi. ① to have a tendency ② to be disposed or inclined ③ to move or extend in a certain direction ④ to be an attendant or a servant ⑤ to apply one's attention; attend vt. ⑥ to have the care of; watch over; look after ⑦ to manage the activities and transactions of; run 同 administer, attend, foster, incline, run

slope [sloʊp]

中 vi. 倾斜；下滑 vt. 使倾斜 n. 斜线，斜面；斜坡 英 vi. ① to diverge from the vertical or horizontal; incline ② to move on a slant; ascend or descend vt. ③ to cause to slope n. ④ an inclined line, surface, plane, position, or direction ⑤ a stretch of ground forming a natural or artificial incline 同 incline, lean, slant, tilt

deviate [ˈdiːvieɪt]

中 vi. 偏离；背离 vt. 使偏离 n. 脱离常轨的人 英 vi. ① to turn aside from a course or way ② to depart, as from anorm, a purpose, or a subject vt. ③ to cause to turn aside or differ n.④ a deviant 同 depart, diverge, divert; deviant

thrive [θraɪv]

中 vi. 兴旺，繁荣；茁壮成长 英 ① to make steady progress; prosper ② to grow vigorously; flourish 同 bloom, flourish, mushroom, prosper, sprout

discriminate [dɪ ˈskrɪmɪneɪt]

中 vi. 区别，辨别；有差别地对待 vt. 辨认，辨别；分辨，区别；使区别于 英 vi. ① to make a clear distinction, distinguish ② to make distinctions on the basis of class or category without regard to individual merit, show preference or prejudice vt. ③ to perceive the distinguishing features of, recognize as distinct ④ to distinguish by noting differences, differentiate ⑤ to make or constitute a distinction in or between 同 distinguish, segregate, separate, set apart

whine [waɪn]

中 vi. 发出哀鸣声；哭哭啼啼 n. 哀鸣，哀号 英 vi. ① to utter a plaintive, high-pitched, protracted sound, as in pain, fear, supplication, or complaint ② to complain or protest in a childish fashion n. ③ the act of whining

patter [ˈpætər]

中 vi. 发出啪嗒声；啪嗒啪嗒地跑 vt. 使发出啪嗒声 n. 啪嗒声 英 vi. ① to make a quick succession of light, soft tapping sounds ② to move with quick, light, softly audible steps vt. ③ to cause to patter n. ④ a quick succession of light, soft tapping sounds 【考点精析】Patter is to rain as clank is to chain. 事物及其发出声音的 关系。"雨"发出"啪嗒声"，"链子"发出"叮当声"。

rattle [ˈrætl]

中 vi. 发出嘎嘎声 vt. 使发出嘎嘎声 n. 嘎嘎声 英 vi. ① to make or emit a quick succession of short percussive sounds vt. ② to cause to make a quick succession of short percussive sounds n. ③ a rapid succession of short percussive sounds 同 clatter, patter

fizzle [ˈfɪzl]

中 vi. 发出嘶嘶声或爆裂声；以失败告终 n. 失败，惨败 英 vi. ① to make a hissing or sputtering sound ② to fail or end weakly, especially after a hopeful beginning n. ③ a failure, a fiasco 同 defeat, failure, fiasco

wane [weɪn]

中 vi. 变小，衰落，衰败，减弱；(月) 亏，缺 n. 衰落，衰败；月亏期 英 vi. ① to decrease gradually in size, amount, intensity, or degree ② to exhibit a decreasing illuminated area from full moon to new moon n. ③ the act or process of gradually declining or diminishing ④ the period of the decrease of the moon's illuminated visible surface

condemn [kənˈdem]

中 vi. 同意，赞成；合作；同时发生 英 ① to be of the same opinion ② to act together ③ to occur at thsame time 同 agree

sidestep [ˈsaɪdstep]

中 vi. 向侧方跨步；躲避，回避 vt. 让开...的路；躲避，回避 (问题等) 英 vi. ① to step aside ② to dodge an issue or a responsibility vt. ③ to step out of the way of ④ to evade; skirt 同 avoid, evade, skirt

roam [roʊm]

中 vi. 漫步，闲逛 vt. 在...漫步或闲逛 n. 漫步，闲逛 英 vi. ① to move about without purpose or plan; wander vt. ② to wander over or through n. ③ the act or an instance of roaming 同 amble, ramble, stroll, wander

roll [roʊl]

中 vi. 向前滚动；转动；周游，流浪 vt. 使滚动；使运作，开动 n. 卷起 来的东西；卷形物 英 vi. ① to move forward along a surface by revolving on an axis or by repeatedly turning over ② to travel or be moved on wheels or rollers ③ to travel around; wander vt. ④ to cause to move forward along a surface by revolving on an axis or by repeatedly turning over ⑤ to cause to begin moving or operating n. ⑥ something rolled up ⑦ a mass in cylindrical or rounded form 同 move, pivot, revolve, rotate, swivel

equivocate [ɪ ˈkwɪvəkeɪt]

中 vi. 含糊其辞；推诿 英 ① to use equivocal language intentionally ② to avoid making an explicit statement

groan [groʊn]

中 vi. 呻吟；发出吱嘎声 vt. 呻吟着说 n. 呻吟声 英 vi. ① to voice a deep, inarticulate sound, as of pain, grief, or displeasure ② to utter or express with groans or a groan vt. ③ to make a sound expressive of stress or strain n. ④ the sound made in groaning 同 moan, wail

pant [pænt]

中 vi. 喘气；(心等) 悸动，剧跳；发出气喘的声音；渴望 vt. 喘着气说 n. 喘气，喘息；心跳，脉动；喷气，喷气声；裤子 英 vi. ① to breathe rapidly in short gasps, as after exertion ② to beat loudly or heavily, throb or pulsate ③ to give off loud puffs, especially while moving ④ to long demonstratively, yearn vt. ⑤ to utter hurriedly or breathlessly n. ⑥ a short, labored breath; a gasp ⑦ a throb, a pulsation ⑧ a short, loud puff, as of steam from an engine ⑨ trousers, often used in the plural 同 breathe, gasp, puff, wheeze

persevere [ˌpɜːrsəˈvɪr]

中 vi. 坚持不懈，锲而不舍 英 to persist in or remain constant to a purpose, an idea, or a task in the face of obstacles or discouragement 同 insist, persist

jeer [dʒɪr]

中 vi. 大声嘲笑 vt. 辱骂，奚落 n. 嘲笑 英 vi. to speak or shout derisively; mock vt. to abuse vocally; taunt n. a scoffing or taunting remark or shout 同 banter, gibe, mock, ridicule, scoff, sneer, taunt

reside [rɪ ˈzaɪd]

中 vi. 定居；存在；(权力、权利等) 属于，归于 英 ① to live in a place permanently or for an extended period ② to be inherently present; exist ③ to be vested, as a power or right 同 abide, dwell, inhabit, live, occupy, stay

dine [daɪn]

中 vi. 就餐 vt. 款待 英 vi. ① to have dinner vt. ② to give dinner to, entertain at dinner 同 eat, feed, nourish, sup

stoop [stuːp]

中 vi. 屈身，弯腰；(站立或行走时) 往前倾 vt. 低 (头)，俯 (身)；屈尊， 屈就 n. 屈身，弯腰 英 vi. ① to bend forward and down from the waist or the middle of the back ② to walk or stand, especially habitually, with the head and upper back bent forward vt. ③ to bend (the head or body) forward and down ④ to debase; humble n. ⑤ the act of stooping 同 condescend, deign, debase, degrade, humble

wither [ˈwɪðər]

中 vi. 干枯；枯萎，凋谢 vt. 使干枯，使枯萎 英 vi. ① to dry up or shrivel from or as if from loss of moisture ② to lose freshness; droop vt. ③ to cause to shrivel or fade

meddle [ˈmedl]

中 vi. 干预，干涉 英 to intrude into other people's affairs or business; interfere 同 interfere, tamper

glare [gler]

中 vi. 怒视；(光线) 刺眼；显眼，引人注目 vt. 怒目而视 n. 怒视 英 vi. ① to stare fixedly and angrily ② to shine intensely and blindingly ③ to be conspicuous, stand out obtrusively vt. ④ to express by staring angrily n. ⑤ a fierce or angry stare 同 blind, dazzle, flare, glaze, glow, scowl, stare

speculate [ˈspekjuleɪt]

中 vi. 思考，沉思；推测，猜测；投机 vt. 推测，猜测 英 vi. ① to meditate on a subject; reflect ② to engage in a course of reasoning often based on inconclusive evidence ③ to engage in the buying or selling of a commodity with an element of risk on the chance of profit vt. ④ to assume to be true without conclusive evidence 同 conjecture, contemplate, deliberate, meditate, reflect, theorize, venture

plead [pliːd]

中 vi. 恳求，请求；辩论，反驳 英 ① to appeal earnestly, beg ② to offer reasons for or against something, argue earnestly 同 appeal, beg

mourn [mɔːrn]

中 vi. 悲痛；服丧 vt. 对...表示深深的遗憾；为 (死者) 哀悼；悲哀地说 英 vi. ① to feel or express grief or sorrow ② to show grief for a death by conventional signs, as by wearing black clothes vt. ③ to feel or express deep regret for ④ to grieve over (someone who has died) ⑤ to utter sorrowfully 同 lament, moan, regret, remorse, rue

rejoice [rɪ ˈdʒɔɪs]

中 vi. 感到高兴，充满喜悦 vt. 使高兴，使喜悦 英 vi. ① to feel joyful; be delighted vt. ② to fill with joy; gladden 同 delight, elate, exult, gladden, joy

yawn [jɔːn]

中 vi. 打哈欠；张开，裂开 英 ① to open the mouth wide with a deep inhalation, usually involuntarily from drowsiness, fatigue, or boredom ② to open wide

doze [doʊz]

中 vi. 打瞌睡，打盹 n. 瞌睡，假寐 英 vi. ① to sleep lightly and intermittently n. ② a short, light sleep 同 drowse, snooze

intervene [ˌɪntərˈviːn]

中 vi. 插进，介入；发生于其间；干扰；干涉，干预 英 ① to come, appear, or lie between two things ② to come or occur between two periods or points of time ③ to occur as an extraneous or unplanned circumstance ④ to come in or between so as to hinder or alter an action; to interfere, usually through force or threat of force, in the affairs of another nation 同 interpose, step in

waddle [ˈwɑːdl]

中 vi. 摇摆地行走 n. 摇摆的步伐 英 vi. ① to walk with short steps that tilt the body from side to side n. ② a swaying gait 同 dodder, toddle, totter

wag [wæg]

中 vi. 摇摆，摆动；饶舌，喋喋不休 英 ① to move briskly and repeatedly from side to side, to and fro, or up and down ② to move rapidly in talking

waver [ˈweɪvər]

中 vi. 摇摆，摇晃；举棋不定，犹豫不决 英 ① to move unsteadily back and forth ② to exhibit irresolution or indecision 同 falter, flicker, hesitate, quiver, vacillate

sway [sweɪ]

中 vi. 摇摆；歪，倾斜；举棋不定 vt. 使摇摆；使倾斜 n. 摇摆 英 vi. ① to swing back and forth or to and fro ② to incline or bend to one side; veer ③ to fluctuate, as in outlook vt. ④ to cause to swing back and forth or to and fro ⑤ to cause to incline or bend to one side n. ⑥ the act of moving from side to side with a swinging motion

prevaricate [prɪ ˈværɪkeɪt]

中 vi. 支吾，搪塞 英 to stray from or evade the truth; equivocate 同 equivocate, palter, tergiversate

crack [kræk]

中 vi. 断裂，折断；发出碎裂声；(嗓音) 变哑；崩溃，垮掉；裂化 vt. 使 发出碎裂声；使裂开；压碎；击打；打开，撬开；排除 (障碍)；解决；使崩溃；损害，破坏 n. 碎裂声；碎裂，裂缝；重击声；缺陷；(嗓音)沙哑，变声；试图，尝试；一瞬，片刻 adj. 一流的，顶尖的 英 vi. ① to break or snap apart ② to make a sharp, snapping sound ③to change sharply in pitch or timbre, as from hoarseness or emotion ④ to have a mental or physical breakdown ⑤ to break into simpler molecules by means of heat vt. ⑥ to cause to make a sharp, snapping sound ⑦ to cause to break without complete separation of parts ⑧ to crush (corn or wheat, for example) into small pieces ⑨ to strike with a sudden, sharp sound ⑩ to break open or into ⑪ to break through (an obstacle) in order to win acceptance or acknowledgement ⑫ to discover the solution to, especially after considerable effort ⑬ to cause to have a mental or physical breakdown ⑭ to impair or destroy n. ⑮ a sharp, snapping sound, such as the report of a firearm ⑯ a partial split or break ⑰ a sharp,resounding blow ⑱ a mental or physical impairment ⑲ a breaking,harshly dissonant vocal tone or sound, as in hoarseness ⑳ an attempt or try ㉑ a moment; an instant adj. ㉒excelling in skill or achievement 同 aperture, crevice, gap, hole, opening, space, split

swirl [swɜːrl]

中 vi. 旋动，起旋涡；眩晕 n. 旋动，旋涡 英 vi. ① to move with a twisting or whirling motion; eddy ② to be dizzy; swim n. ③ a whirling or eddying motion or mass

rotate [ˈroʊteɪt]

中 vi. 旋转，转动 vt. 使旋转，使转动 adj. 辐射状的，车轮状的 英 vi. ① to turn around on an axis or center vt. ② to cause to turn on an axis or center adj. ③ having radiating parts; wheel-shaped 同 pivot, revolve, spin, swivel

strut [strʌt]

中 vi. 昂首阔步 vt. 炫耀 n. 趾高气扬的姿态 英 vi. ① to walk with pompous bearing; swagger vt. ② to display in order to impress others n. ③ a pompous, self-important gait 同 swagger

pause [pɔːz]

中 vi. 暂停，中止；逗留，停滞；犹豫 vt. 暂停 n. 暂停；犹豫；停顿，断 句 英 vi. ① to cease or suspend an action temporarily ② to linger, tarry ③ to hesitate vt. ④ to cease or suspend the action of temporarily, stop for an interim n. ⑤ a temporary cessation ⑥ a delay or suspended reaction, as from uncertainty; a hesitation ⑦ a break, stop, or rest, often for a calculated purpose or effect 同 cease, hesitate, linger

expire [ɪkˈspaɪər]

中 vi. 期满，终止；断气，死亡；呼气 vt. 呼出 (某物) 英 vi. ① to come to an end, terminate ② to breathe one's last breath ③ to exhale vt. ④ to breathe (something) out 同 cease, die, disappear, end, pass away, perish, vanish

wilt [wɪlt]

中 vi. 枯萎；萎靡不振 vt. 使枯萎 n. 枯萎 英 vi. ① to become limp or flaccid ② to feel or exhibit the effects of fatigue or exhaustion vt. ③ to cause to droop or lose freshness n. ④ the act of wilting or the state of being wilted 同 wither

ruminate [ˈruːmɪneɪt]

中 vi. 沉思默想；反刍，倒嚼 vt. 反复思考 英 vi. ① to turn a matter over and over in the mind ② to chew cud vt. ③ to reflect on over and over again 同 contemplate, deliberate, meditate, muse, reflect, think

fluctuate [ˈflʌktʃueɪt]

中 vi. 波动，变动；沉浮 英 ① to vary irregularly ② to rise and fall in or as if in waves 同 vacillate, waver

dawdle [ˈdɔːdl]

中 vi. 浪费时间；闲混，游荡 英 ① to take more time than necessary ② to move aimlessly or lackadaisically 同 delay, detain, dillydally, idle, linger, loiter, retard, slacken, slow, squander, tarry, waste

ooze [uːz]

中 vi. 渗出，漏出；慢慢消失 vt. 渗出，散发出 n. 渗出；渗出物，散发 物 英 vi. ① to flow or leak out slowly, as through small openings ② to disappear or ebb slowly vt. ③ to give off, exude n. ④ the act of oozing ⑤ something that oozes 同 ebb, exude, filter, seep

seep [siːp]

中 vi. 渗漏；弥漫，扩大 n. 小水坑，贮油层；渗漏 英 vi. ① to pass slowly through small openings or pores; ooze ② to enter, depart, or become diffused gradually n. ③ a spot where water or petroleum trickles out of the ground to form a pool ④ seepage 同 emit, excrete, ooze, trickle; seepage

yearn [jɜːrn]

中 vi. 渴望，期盼；同情，怜悯 英 ① to have a strong, often melancholy desire ② to feel deep pity, sympathy, or tenderness 同 desire, long for, pine for

sneak [sniːk]

中 vi. 溜，潜行；行事鬼鬼祟祟 vt. 偷偷摸摸地做 n. 鬼鬼祟祟之人 adj. 秘密的 英 vi. ① to go or move in a quiet, stealthy way ② to behave in a cowardly or servile manner vt. ③ to move, give, take, or put in a quiet, stealthy manner n. ④ a person regarded as stealthy, cowardly, or underhand adj. ⑤ carried out in a clandestine manner 同 creep, lurk, prowl, slink

slide [slaɪd]

中 vi. 滑动；滑行；溜走 vt. 使滑动，使滑行 n. 滑行；滑面，滑道 英 vi. ① to move over a surface while maintaining smooth, continuous contact ② to coast on a slippery surface, such as ice or snow ③ to pass smoothly and quietly; glide vt. ④ to cause to slide or slip n. ⑤ a sliding movement or action ⑥ a smooth surface or track for sliding, usually inclined

drip [drɪp]

中 vi. 滴落，滴下 n. 雨滴，水滴 英 vi. ① to fall in drops n. ② liquid or moisture that falls in drops 同 dribble, drop, trickle 【考点精析】Smolder is to blaze as drip is to deluge. 程度关系，前者比后者程度低。"闷燃"对"熊熊燃烧"相当于"水滴"对"洪水"。

orate [ˈɔːreɪt]

中 vi. 演说，演讲；用演讲的腔调说话 英 to speak in a formal, pompous manner 同 inform, notify, speak, talk, tell

gurgle [ˈgɜːrgl]

中 vi. 潺潺地流，汨汨地流 vt. 发出咯咯声，发出汨汨声 英 vi. ① to flow in a broken, irregular current with a bubbling sound vt. ② to make a sound similar to this 同 babble, bubble, burble, guggle, ripple

explode [ɪkˈsploʊd]

中 vi. 爆炸；爆发；激增 英 ① to release mechanical, chemical, or nuclear energy by the sudden production of gases in a confined space ② to burst violently as a result of internal pressure ③ to increase suddenly, sharply, and without control 同 blow up, burst, erupt exploit 中 [ˈeksplɔɪt] n. 英勇的行为，功绩 [ɪkˈsplɔɪt ] vt. 充分利用；(自私地或不道德地) 利用，剥削 英 n. ① an act or deed, especially a brilliant or heroic one vt. ② to employ to the greatest possible advantage ③ to make use of selfishly or unethically 同 deed, feat; take advantage of, utilize

dice [daɪs]

中 vi. 玩骰子 vt. 用骰子赌输赢；把 (食物) 切成小块 n. 骰子；小方块 英 vi. ① to play or gamble with dice vt. ② to win or lose (money) by gambling with dice ③ to cut (food) into small cubes n. ④ plural of die ⑤ a small cube, as of food 【考点精析】Dice is to cube as can is to cylinder. 事物及其形状的关 系。"骰子"是"立方体"的，"罐头"是"圆柱体"的。

cower [ˈkaʊər]

中 vi. 畏缩，退缩 英 to cringe in fear 同 cringe

tire [ˈtaɪər]

中 vi. 疲劳 vt. 使疲劳 n. 轮胎；轮箍 英 vi. ① to grow weary vt. ② to diminish the strength or energy of; fatigue n. ③ a covering for a wheel, usually made of rubber reinforced with cords of nylon, fiberglass, or other material and filled with compressed air ④ a hoop of metal or rubber fitted around a wheel 同 exhaust, fag, fatigue, jade, weary

frown [fraʊn]

中 vi. 皱眉；不同意，不欣赏 vt. 皱眉以表示不满 n. 皱眉 英 vi. ① to wrinkle the brow, as in thought or displeasure ② to regard something with disapproval or distaste vt. ③ to express (disapproval, for example) by wrinkling the brow n. ④ a wrinkling of the brow in thought or displeasure 同 pout, scowl

stare [ster]

中 vi. 盯着看，凝视；显眼 vt. 凝视 n. 注视 英 vi. ① to look directly and fixedly, often with a wide-eyed gaze ② to be conspicuous; stand out vt. ③ to look at directly and fixedly n. ④ an intent gaze 同 gape, gawk, gaze, glare

migrate [ˈmaɪgreɪt]

中 vi. 移居；迁徙 英 ① to move from one country or region and settle in another ② to change location periodically, especially by moving seasonally from one region to another 同 emigrate, immigrate, move 【考点精析】Monarch is to migrate as grizzly is to hibernate. 动物及其 习性的关系。"国王蝴蝶"冬天"迁徙"，"灰熊"冬天"冬眠"。

flash [flæʃ]

中 vi. 突然燃烧；闪光；闪现 vt. 使闪现 n. 闪光 adj. 突然的 英 vi. ① to burst forth into or as if into flame ② to give off light or be lighted in sudden or intermittent bursts ③ to appear or occur suddenly vt. ④ to cause (light) to appear suddenly or in intermittent bursts n. ⑤ a sudden, brief, intense display of light adj. ⑥ happening suddenly or very quickly

pry [praɪ]

中 vi. 窥探 n. 窥探；过于好奇的人 英 vi. ① to look or inquire closely, curiously, or inquisitively, often in a furtive manner; snoop n. ② the act of prying ③ an excessively inquisitive person; a snoop 同 grope, meddle, peep, snoop; busybody, snoop

legislate [ˈledʒɪsleɪt]

中 vi. 立法 vt. 以立法程序创立 英 vi. to create or pass laws vt. to create or bring about by or as if by legislation

correspond [ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːnd]

中 vi. 符合，一致；相当，相似；通信 英 ① to be in agreement, harmony, or conformity ② to be similar or equivalent in character, quantity, origin, structure, or function ③ tocommunicate by letter, usually over a period of time

glance [glæns]

中 vi. 粗略地看一下；扫视；闪微光，闪烁 vt. 使擦过，使掠过 n. 一 瞥，扫视 英 vi. ① to direct the gaze briefly ② to move rapidly from one thing to another, used of the eyes ③ to shine briefly vt. ④ to strike (a surface) at an angle, graze n. ⑤ a brief or cursory look 同 glimpse, look, skim

stumble [ˈstʌmbl]

中 vi. 绊倒，绊脚；蹒跚而行 vt. 使绊倒 n. 绊倒 英 vi. ① to miss one's step in walking or running; trip and almost fall ② to proceed unsteadily or falteringly; founder vt. ③ to cause to stumble n. ④ the act of stumbling 同 fall, founder, trip, tumble

proceed [proʊˈsiːd]

中 vi. 继续进行；开始，着手；有序地进行 n. (proceeds) 收入，获利 英 vi. ① to go forward or onward, especially after an interruption; continue ② to begin to carry on an action or a process ③ to move on in an orderly manner n. ④ the amount of money derived from a commercial or fundraising venture; yield 同 advance, forward, further; yield

tumble [ˈtʌmbl]

中 vi. 翻跟头，做空翻动作；跌倒；下跌 英 ① to perform acrobatic feats such as somersaults, rolls, or twists ② to pitch headlong ③ to drop 同 fall, sink, stumble

rot [rɑːt]

中 vi. 腐烂；因腐烂而变坏、变无用；消瘦，憔悴 vt. 使腐烂 n. 腐烂， 腐败 英 vi. ① to undergo decomposition, especially organic decomposition; decay ② to become damaged, weakened, or useless because of decay ③ to languish; decline vt. ④ to cause to decompose or decay n. ⑤ the process of rotting or the condition of being rotten

trek [trek]

中 vi. 艰苦跋涉，缓慢地行进 n. 长途跋涉 英 vi. ① to make a slow or arduous journey n. ② a journey or leg of a journey, especially when slow or difficult 同 hike, expedition, travel, trip

flourish [ˈflɜːrɪʃ]

中 vi. 茂盛，繁盛；繁荣，兴旺；处于蓬勃旺盛期 vt. 挥舞，舞动 n.华 丽的辞藻；炫耀性的行为或手势 英 vi. ① to grow well or luxuriantly, thrive ② to do or fare well, prosper ③ to be in a period of highest productivity, excellence, or influence vt. ④ to make bold, sweeping movements n. ⑤ an embellishment or ornamentation ⑥ an ostentatious act or gesture 同 bloom, flaunt, prosper, thrive

flinch [flɪntʃ]

中 vi./ n. 退缩，畏缩 英 vi. ① to start or wince involuntarily, as from surprise or pain; to recoil, as from something unpleasant or difficult n. ② an act or instance of starting, wincing, or recoiling 同 recoil, shrink, wince

prevail [prɪ ˈveɪl]

中 vi. 获胜，占上风；奏效，成功；重要，占绝大多数；流行，盛行 英 ① to be greater in strength or influence; triumph ② to be or become effective; win out ③ to be most common or frequent; be predominant ④ to be in force, use, or effect; be current 同 persist, predominate, triumph

triumph [ˈtraɪʌmf]

中 vi. 获胜；接受胜利荣誉 n. 胜利；狂喜，喜悦 英 vi. ① to be victorious or successful ② (used of a general) to receive honors upon return from a victory in ancient Rome n. ③ the fact of being victorious ④ exultation or rejoicing over victory or success 同 exultation, victory

meander [mi ˈændər]

中 vi. 蜿蜒而流；漫游，闲逛 n. [-s]曲流；[-s]漫步，闲逛；艺术品和建 筑物上的曲线形装饰 英 vi. ① to follow a winding and turning course ② to move aimlessly and idly without fixed direction n. ③ [meanders] circuitous windings or sinuosities, as of a stream or path ④ [meanders] a circuitous journey or excursion; ramble ⑤ an ornamental pattern of winding or intertwining lines, used in art and architecture 同 flow, ramble, roam, stream

converge [kənˈvɜːrdʒ]

中 vi. 趋于；聚集，会合；趋于或达到 (同样的目的或结果) vt. 使聚集 英 vi. ① to tend toward or approach an intersecting point ② to come together from different directions ③ to tend toward or achieve unionor a common conclusion or result vt. ④ to cause to converge 同 intersect

leap [liːp]

中 vi. 跳跃；迅速转换；冲动地行动 vt. 跳过；使跳跃 n. 跳；一次跳过 的距离 英 vi. ① to spring or bound upward from or as if from the ground; jump ② to move quickly or abruptly from one condition or subject to another ③ to act impulsively vt. ④ to jump over ⑤ to cause to leap n. ⑥ the act of leaping; a jump ⑦ the distance cleared in a leap 同 bound, jump, spring

spring [sprɪŋ]

中 vi. 跳，跃 vt. 使突然跳出 n. 弹簧，发条；泉水；源泉 adj. 弹簧的， 有弹性的；春天的 英 vi. ① to move upward or forward in a single quick motion or a series of such motions; leap vt. ② to cause to leap, dart, or come forth suddenly n. ③ an elastic device, such as a coil of wire, that regains its original shape after being compressed or extended ④ a small stream of water flowing naturally from the earth ⑤ a source, an origin, or a beginning adj. ⑥ of or acting like a spring; resilient ⑦ of, having to do with, occurring in, or appropriate to the season of spring 【考点精析】Water is to spring as lava is to volcano. 组成关 系。"水"是"泉水"的组成部分，"岩浆"是"火山"的组成部分。

fare [fer]

中 vi. 进行；旅行；进食 n. 车费；乘客；食物和饮料 英 vi. ① to get along ② to travel, go ③ to dine, eat n. ④ a transportation charge, as for a bus ⑤ a passenger transported for a fee ⑥ food and drink

hike [haɪk]

中 vi. 远足，徒步旅行 vt. (尤指急剧地) 提高，增加 n. 远足，长途行 军 英 vi. ① to go on an extended walk for pleasure or exercise vt. ② to increase or raise in amount, especially abruptly n. ③ a long walk or march 同 journey, travel, trek; expedition, migration, trip, voyage

reminisce [ˌremɪ ˈnɪs]

中 vi. 追忆，缅怀 英 to recollect and tell of past experiences or events 同 recall, recollect, remind

flee [fliː]

中 vi. 逃跑，逃离；飞逝，消失 vt. 逃避，逃离 英 vi. ① to run away, as from trouble or danger ② to pass swiftly away, vanish vi. ③ to run away from 同 disappear, escape, run away

ramble [ˈræmbl]

中 vi. 闲逛；漫步；蔓延；漫谈，随笔 n. 漫步 英 vi. ① to move about aimlessly ② to walk about casually or for pleasure ③ to follow an irregularly winding course of motion or growth ④ to speak or write at length and with many digressions n. ⑤ a leisurely, sometimes lengthy walk 同 amble, meander, roam, stray, wander

smolder [ˈsmoʊldər]

中 vi. 闷燃；郁积；流露被压抑的愤怒或憎恨 n. 浓烟 英 vi. ① to burn with little smoke and no flame ② to exist in a suppressed state ③ to show signs of repressed anger or hatred n. ④ thick smoke resulting from a slow fire 【考点精析】Drip is to deluge as smolder is to blaze. 程度关系，后者比 前者程度更深。 "洪水"比"水滴"程度更深，"燃烧"比"闷燃"程度更深。

grin [grɪn]

中 vi. 露齿而笑 vt. 露齿笑着表示 n. 露齿的笑 英 vi. ① to draw back the lips and bare the teeth, as in mirth or good humor vt. ② to express with a grin n. ③ the act of grinning 同 beam, smile, smirk

quiver [ˈkwɪvər]

中 vi. 颤动 n. 颤动；箭囊 英 vi. ① to shake with a slight, rapid, tremulous movement n. ② the act or motion of quivering ③ a portable case for holding arrows 同 quaver, shake, shiver, shudder, tremble, vibrate 【考点精析】Arrow is to quiver as water is to canteen. 位置关 系。"箭"在"箭囊"里，"水"在"水壶"里。

soar [sɔːr]

中 vi. 高飞，翱翔；升腾；滑翔；高涨，猛增 n. 高飞，翱翔；上升范围， 高涨程度 英 vi. ① to rise, fly, or glide high and with little apparent effort ② to climb swiftly or powerfully ③ to glide in an aircraft while maintaining altitude ④ to ascend suddenly above the normal or usual level n. ⑤ the act of soaring ⑥ the altitude or scope attained in soaring 同 ascend, fly, glide, hover

march [mɑːrtʃ]

中 vi. 齐步前进；开拔；行进；稳步前进 vt. 使行军；行进通过 n. 行进； 行军 英 vi. ① to walk steadily and rhythmically forward in step with others ② to begin to move in such a manner ③ to proceed directly and purposefully ④ to progress steadily onward; advance vt. ⑤ to cause to move or otherwise progress in a steady, rhythmical manner ⑥ to traverse by progressing steadily and rhythmically n. ⑦ the act of marching ⑧ the steady forward movement of a body of troops

saunter [ˈsɔːntər]

中 vi./ n. 漫步，闲逛 英 vi. ① to walk at a leisurely pace; stroll n. ② a leisurely walk or stroll 同 ramble, roam, stroll

cringe [krɪndʒ]

中 vi./ n. 畏缩；卑躬屈膝，阿谀奉承 英 vi. ① to shrink back, as in fear, cower ② to behave in a servile way n. ③ an act or instance of cringing 同 cower, fawn

muffle [ˈmʌfl]

中 vt. (为保暖等) 包裹，裹住；(包裹) 使声音减弱；消音；减弱，使模 糊 n. 包裹物，蒙盖物 英 vt. ① to wrap up, as in a blanket or shawl, for warmth, protection, or secrecy ② to wrap or pad in order to deaden the sound ③ to deaden (a sound) ④ to make vague or obscure n. ⑤ something that muffles 【考点精析】Dam is to flood as muffle is to noise. 物体及其作用对象的 关系。"大坝"用来防止"洪水"，"蒙盖物"用来掩盖"噪音"。

unearth [ʌnˈɜːrθ]

中 vt. (从地下) 发掘，挖掘；揭露，使公开 英 ① to bring up out of the earth ② to bring to public notice 同 disclose, discover, uncover

vanquish [ˈvæŋkwɪʃ]

中 vt. (在战争中) 打败，击败；战胜，征服 英 ① to defeat or conquer in battle ② to defeat in a contest, conflict, or competition 同 conquer, defeat, overcome, subdue

renounce [rɪ ˈnaʊns]

中 vt. (宣布) 放弃；拒绝 英 ① to give up (a title, for example), especially by formal announcement ② to reject; disown 同 decline, disavow, disclaim, disown, reject, repudiate

obtain [əbˈteɪn]

中 vt. (通过努力) 获得，得到 vi. 流行，通用 英 vt. ① to succeed in gaining possession of as the result of planning or endeavor, acquire vi. ② to be established, accepted, or customary 同 acquire, attain, gain, procure, receive

squander [ˈskwɑːndər]

中 vt. / n. 挥霍，浪费 英 vt. ① to spend wastefully or extravagantly; dissipate n. ② extravagant expenditure; prodigality 同 dissipate, lavish, misspend, waste; prodigality

reprimand [ˈreprɪmænd]

中 vt. / n. 谴责，训斥 英 vt. ① to reprove severely, especially in a formal or official way n. ② a severe, formal, or official rebuke or censure 同 accuse, blame, censure, condemn, denounce, deplore, reproach; blame, censure, reproach

nibble [ˈnɪbl]

中 vt. 不停地咬；小口快速吃；消耗 vi. 轻咬 n. 非常小的量；小口咬 英 vt. ① to bite at gently and repeatedly ② to eat with small, quick bites or in small morsels ③ to wear away or diminish bit by bit vi. ④ to take small or hesitant bites n. ⑤ a very small quantity, especially of food; a morsel ⑥ the act or an instance of nibbling 同 chew, snack

regret [rɪ ˈgret]

中 vt. 为...后悔，惋惜；哀伤，悲叹 vi. 感到后悔 n. 悲痛，痛惜；失 望，遗憾 英 vt. ① to feel sorry, disappointed, or distressed about ② to remember with a feeling of loss or sorrow; mourn vi. ③ to feel regret n. ④ a sense of loss and longing for someone or something gone ⑤ a feeling of disappointment or distress about something that one wishes could be different 同 bemoan, bewail, grieve for, lament, moan, mourn, sorrow; lament, moan, remorse, sorrow

insure [ɪnˈʃʊr]

中 vt. 为...投保；保证，确保 vi. 买或卖保险 英 vt. ① to provide or arrange insurance for ② to make sure, certain, or secure vi. ③ to buy or sell insurance 同 affirm, assure, back, certify

lament [ləˈment]

中 vt. 为...而感到悲痛；非常懊悔 vi. 痛哭失声 n. 悲痛之情；挽诗；哀 歌 英 vt. ① to express grief for or about; mourn ② to regret deeply; deplore vi. ③ to grieve audibly; wail n. ④ a feeling or an expression of grief; a lamentation ⑤ a song or poem expressing deep grief or mourning 同 moan, bemoan, bewail, mourn, grieve for; regret

mangle [ˈmæŋgl]

中 vt. 乱切，乱打，乱砍，乱撕；损毁 英 ① to mutilate or disfigure by battering, hacking, cutting, or tearing ② to ruin or spoil through ineptitude or ignorance 同 cut, hut, injure, lacerate, maim, mutilate, wound

surrender [səˈrendər]

中 vt. 交出，让与；放弃，退还；沉溺于 vi. 向敌人投降 n. 投降；引渡 英 vt. ① to relinquish possession or control of to another because of demand or compulsion ② to give up in favor of another ③ to give up or give back (something that has been granted) ④ to give over or resign (oneself) to something, as to an emotion vi. ⑤ to give oneself up, as to an enemy n. ⑥ the act or an instance of surrendering ⑦ the delivery of a prisoner, fugitive from justice, or other principal in a suit into legal custody 同 capitulate, forgo, relinquish, renounce, yield

irrigate [ˈɪrɪgeɪt]

中 vt. 人工灌溉；用水或药水冲洗；滋润 vi. 人工灌溉 英 vt. ① to supply (dry land) with water by means of ditches, pipes, or streams; water artificially ② to wash out (a body cavity or wound) with water or a medicated fluid ③ to make fertile or vital as if by watering vi. ④ to supply land with water artificially 同 wet, moisten, water 【考点精析】Irrigate is to water as ventilate is to air. 物体及其用途的 关系。

imitate [ˈɪmɪteɪt]

中 vt. 仿效，以...作为模范；模仿；精确地复制，仿制；像，类似 英 ① to use or follow as a model ② to copy the actions, appearance, mannerisms, or speech of; mimic ③ to copy exactly; reproduce ④ to appear like, resemble 同 copy, emulate, follow, impersonate, mimic, mirror, simulate

excel [ɪkˈsel]

中 vt. 优于，胜过 vi. 胜过他人 英 vt. ① to do or be better than vi. ② to show superiority, surpass others 同 exceed, outdo, outstrip, surpass, transcend excerpt 中 [ˈeksɜːrpt] n. 选段，摘录 [ekˈsɜːrpt] vt. 摘选，引用 英 n. ① a passage or segment taken from a longer work, such as a literary or musical composition, a document, or a film vt. ② to select or use material from (a longer work) 同 excerption, selection; extract, take out 【考点精析】Excerpt is to novel as clip is to movie. 整体和部分的关 系。"选段"是"小说"的一部分，"剪辑片段"是"电影"的一部分。

falsify [ˈfɔːlsɪfaɪ]

中 vt. 伪称，歪曲；做假，伪造；证明...为假 vi. 撒谎 英 vt. ① to state untruthfully, misrepresent ② to make false by altering or adding to; to counterfeit, forge ③ to declare or prove to be false vi. ④ to make untrue statements, lie 同 counterfeit, defraud, fake, forge

riddle [ˈrɪdl]

中 vt. 使布满窟窿；充斥，弥漫；筛，滤 n. 粗眼筛子 英 vt. ① to pierce with numerous holes; perforate ② to spread throughout ③ to put (gravel, for example) through a coarse sieve n. ④ a coarse sieve, as for gravel 同 pierce, perforate

extend [ɪkˈstend]

中 vt. 伸出；拉开，延伸；使充分发挥；使竭尽全力 vi. 伸展，扩大 英 vt. ① to open or straighten (something) out ② to stretch or spread (something) out to greater or fullest length ③ to exert (oneself) vigorously or to full capacity ④ to cause to move at full gallop vi. ⑤ to be or become long, large, or comprehensive 同 lengthen, prolong, protract 【考点精析】Extend is to shrink as bulge is to deflate. 反义关系。"延 伸"与"收缩"是反义词，"膨胀鼓起"与"干瘪泄气"是反义词。

sublimate [ˈsʌblɪmeɪt]

中 vt. 使 (固体或气体) 升华；使心灵升华，使高尚 vi. 升华 英 vt. ① to cause (a solid or gas) to change state without becoming a liquid ② to modify the natural expression of (an instinctual impulse, especially a sexual one) in a socially acceptable manner vi. ③ to transform directly from the solid to the gaseous state or from the gaseous to the solid state without becoming a liquid 同 make pure, purify, refine

liquefy [ˈlɪkwɪfaɪ]

中 vt. 使 (固体或气体) 液化 vi. 液化 英 vt. to cause to become liquid, especially: to melt (a solid) by heating; to condense (a gas) by cooling vi. to become liquid

incinerate [ɪnˈsɪnəreɪt]

中 vt. 使...烧成灰 vi. 烧尽 英 vt. ① to cause to burn to ashes vi. ② to burn completely 同 burn

offend [əˈfend]

中 vt. 使不愉快；冒犯，触犯 vi. 引起不愉快；犯错，犯罪 英 vt. ① to cause displeasure, anger, resentment, or wounded feelings in ② to transgress, violate vi. ③ to result in displeasure ④ to violate a moral or divine law, sin 同 affront, insult, outrage

sophisticate [səˈfɪstɪkeɪt]

中 vt. 使世故；使变得不纯，掺杂；使复杂，使精巧 n. 老于世故者；见 多识广的人 英 vt. ① to cause to become less natural, especially to make less naive and more worldly ② to make impure; adulterate ③ to make more complex or inclusive; refine n. ④ a sophisticated person 同 adulterate, complicate, refine

mortify [ˈmɔːrtɪfaɪ]

中 vt. 使丢脸，使感到屈辱；克制，抑制 vi. 禁欲，苦行 英 vt. ① to cause to experience shame, humiliation, or wounded pride; humiliate ② to discipline (one's body and physical appetites) by self-denial or self-inflicted privation vi. ③ to practice ascetic discipline or self-denial of the body and its appetites 同 disgrace, humiliate, repress, shame, suppress

nauseate [ˈnɔːzieɪt]

中 vt. 使作呕，使厌恶 英 to feel or cause to feel loathing or disgust 同 disgust, sicken, revolt

withhold [wɪðˈhoʊld]

中 vt. 使停止，限制，制止；拒绝给，不给 英 ① to keep in check ② to refrain from giving, granting, or permitting 同 keep, refuse, restrain

saturate [ˈsætʃəreɪt]

中 vt. 使充满，使饱和；浸透，使湿透 英 ① to imbue or impregnate thoroughly ② to soak, fill, or load to capacity 同 drench, soak

refrigerate [rɪ ˈfrɪdʒəreɪt]

中 vt. 使冷却，使冷冻；冷冻保存 英 ① to cool or chill (a substance) ② to preserve (food) by chilling 同 chill, cool

scatter [ˈskætər]

中 vt. 使分散；撒，撒播；散射 vi. 散开 n. 分散；散开物 英 vt. ① to cause to separate and go in different directions ② to distribute loosely by or as if by sprinkling; strew ③ to deflect (radiation or particles) vi. ④ to separate and go in different directions; disperse n. ⑤ the act of scattering or the condition of being scattered ⑥ something scattered 同 dispel, disperse, dissipate

exacerbate [ɪgˈzæsərbeɪt]

中 vt. 使加剧，使恶化，加重 英 to increase the severity, violence, or bitterness of; aggravate 同 aggravate, exasperate, worsen

expose [ɪkˈspoʊz]

中 vt. 使受影响；使 (胶片) 曝光；使暴露；揭发，揭露；遗弃...在外；使 面临 (危险) 英 ① to subject or allow to be subjected to an action or an influence ② to subject (a photographic film, for example) to the action of light ③ to make visible ④ to reveal the guilt or wrongdoing of ⑤ to deprive of shelter or protection ⑥ to subject to needless risk 同 disclose, display, open, reveal, show, uncover, unmask

inspire [ɪnˈspaɪər]

中 vt. 使受神灵的感召；使受振奋；激励，鼓励；影响，触动；引起，唤 起；引发，产生 英 ① to affect, guide, or arouse by divine influence ② to fill with enlivening or exalting emotion ③ to stimulate to action; motivate ④ to affect or touch ⑤ to draw forth; elicit or arouse ⑥ to be the cause or source of; bring about 同 affect, impel, incite, motivate

reconcile [ˈrekənsaɪl]

中 vt. 使和好；调停，解决；使顺从于 vi. 和好；相一致 英 vt. ① to reestablish a close relationship between ② to settle or resolve ③ to bring (oneself) to accept vi. ④ to reestablish a close relationship, as in marriage ⑤ to become compatible or consistent 同 accommodate, adapt, adjust, conform

confound [kənˈfaʊnd]

中 vt. 使困惑；混淆；使混乱，使不知所措；使窘迫 英 ① to cause to become confused or perplexed ② to fail to distinguish ③ to make (something bad) worse ④ to cause to be ashamed 同 baffle, bewilder, confuse, nonplus, perplex, puzzle

multiply [ˈmʌltɪplaɪ]

中 vt. 使增加；使相乘 vi. 增加；繁殖，增殖 英 vt. ① to increase the amount, number, or degree of ② to perform multiplication on vi. ③ to grow in amount, number, or degree ④ to breed or propagate

foil [fɔɪl]

中 vt. 使失败，挫败；【猎】搅乱 (嗅迹或足迹) n. 阻力，挫败；(动物留 下的) 痕迹或气味 英 vt. ① to prevent from being successful, thwart ② to obscure or confuse (a trail or scent) so as to evade pursuers n. ③ a repulse, a setback ④ the trail or scent of an animal 同 conquer, defeat, overcome

submit [səbˈmɪt]

中 vt. 使屈服，使投降；使经受；提交，呈递；主张，建议 vi. 屈服，投 降；服从 英 vt. ① to yield or surrender (oneself) to the will or authority of another ② to subject to a condition or process ③ to commit (something) to the consideration or judgment of another ④ to offer as a proposition or contention vi. ⑤ to give in to the authority, power, or desires of another ⑥ to allow oneself to be subjected to something

twirl [twɜːrl]

中 vt. 使快速旋转；缠绕，盘绕 vi. 突然旋转 n. 快速旋转 英 vt. ① to rotate or revolve briskly ② to twist or wind around vi. ③ to whirl or turn suddenly n. ④ the act of twirling or the condition of being twirled 同 revolve, rotate, turn, twist, whirl, wind

reassure [ˌriːəˈʃʊr]

中 vt. 使恢复信心：再次保证；分保，再次保险 英 ① to restore confidence to ② to assure again ③ to reinsure 同 restore; reinsure

deteriorate [dɪ ˈtɪriəreɪt]

中 vt. 使恶化，使下降，使退化 vi. 恶化；衰退，堕落 英 vt. ① to diminish or impair in quality, character, or value vi. ② to grow worse, degenerate ③ to weaken or disintegrate, decay 同 aggravate, worsen

grieve [griːv]

中 vt. 使悲伤，使苦恼 vi. 悲伤，哀悼 英 vt. ① to cause to be sorrowful; distress vi. ② to experience or express grief 同 distress, sorrow

startle [ˈstɑːrtl]

中 vt. 使惊动，使惊起；使惊吓 vi. 受惊 n. 吃惊 英 vt. ① to cause to make a quick involuntary movement or start ② to alarm, frighten, or surprise suddenly vi. ③ to become alarmed, frightened, or surprised n. ④ a sudden mild shock; a start 同 appal, astonish, astound, dismay, frighten, start

dismay [dɪsˈmeɪ]

中 vt. 使惊恐；使失去热情；使沮丧 n. 气馁 英 vt. ① to destroy the courage or resolution of by exciting dread or apprehension ② to cause to lose enthusiasm, disillusion ③ to upset or alarm n. ④ sudden or complete loss of courage in the face of trouble or danger 同 appall, daunt, horrify, perturb, upset

taint [teɪnt]

中 vt. 使感染；使腐坏；玷污，使腐败 vi. 被污染，腐坏 n. 感染；污染； 腐败 英 vt. ① to affect with or as if with a disease ② to affect with decay or putrefaction; spoil ③ to affect with a tinge of something reprehensible vi. ④ to become affected with decay or putrefaction n. ⑤ an infecting touch, influence, or tinge ⑥ a moral defect 同 contaminate, decay, pollute, spoil

contort [kənˈtɔːrt]

中 vt. 使扭曲 vi. 变扭曲 英 vt. ① to twist, wrench, or bend severely out of shape vi. ② to become twisted into a strained shape or expression 同 distort, squirm, twist, twitch, wriggle, writhe

entertain [ˌentərˈteɪn]

中 vt. 使有兴趣，使愉悦；热情款待；考虑，思考 英 ① to hold the attention of with something amusing or diverting ② to extend hospitality toward ③ to consider, contemplate 同 amuse, consider, contemplate, delight, excite, fascinate, have in mind, interest

dignify [ˈdɪgnɪfaɪ]

中 vt. 使有尊严，使高贵 英 to confer dignity or honor on, give distinction to 同 ennoble

depress [dɪ ˈpres]

中 vt. 使沮丧，使消沉；使降低，使减少；削弱 英 ① to lower in spirits ② to cause to drop or sink ③ to lessen the activity or force of; weaken 同 deject, discourage, dishearten, lessen, lower, reduce, sadden, sink, weaken

deject [dɪ ˈdʒekt]

中 vt. 使沮丧，使灰心 英 to lower the spirits of, dishearten 同 depress, dismay

discourage [dɪsˈkɜːrɪdʒ]

中 vt. 使泄气，使沮丧；阻止，阻挡 英 ① to deprive of confidence, hope, or spirit ② to hamper by discouraging 同 daunt, deject, deter, disapprove, hinder, keep from, prevent

muddle [ˈmʌdl]

中 vt. 使浑浊，使泥泞；弄混；使糊涂；弄糟，搞坏；搅拌 vi. 糊里糊涂 地思考或做事 n. 混乱状态；头脑不清晰 英 vt. ① to make turbid or muddy ② to mix confusedly, jumble ③ to confuse or befuddle (the mind), as with alcohol ④ to mismanage or bungle ⑤ to stir or mix (a drink) gently vi. ⑥ to think, act, or proceed in a confused or aimless manner n. ⑦ a disordered condition; a mess or jumble ⑧ mental confusion 同 baffle, bewilder, confuse, nonplus, perplex, puzzle

soak [soʊk]

中 vt. 使浸透，使湿透；浸泡 vi. 浸透 n. 浸泡，湿透 英 vt. ① to make thoroughly wet or saturated by or as if by placing in liquid ② to immerse in liquid for a period of time vi. ③ to be immersed until thoroughly saturated n. ④ the act or process of soaking 同 immerse, saturate

dissolve [dɪ ˈzɑːlv]

中 vt. 使溶解；使消失；使分裂；使终结；使解散 vi. 溶解；分解；消失 英 vt. ① to reduce (solid matter) to liquid form, melt ② to cause to disappear or vanish, dispel ③ to break into component parts, disintegrate ④ to bring to an end by or as if by breaking up, terminate ⑤ to dismiss vi. ⑥ to become liquid, melt ⑦ to break up or disperse ⑧ to become disintegrated, disappear 同 cease, disappear, end, fade, liquefy, melt, pass away 【考点精析】Disperse is to crowd as dissolve is to clot. 动宾搭配。驱散人群，消除凝块。并且，两个动词都有"使消散"的意思。

thrill [θrɪl]

中 vt. 使激动 vi. 激动，震颤 n. 激动，震颤 英 vt. ① to cause to feel a sudden intense sensation; excite greatly vi. ② to feel a sudden quiver of excitement or emotion n. ③ a quivering or trembling caused by sudden excitement or emotion 同 charm, delight, enchant, enrapture, tingle

perturb [pərˈtɜːrb]

中 vt. 使烦恼；使困惑，使混乱 英 ① to disturb greatly, make uneasy or anxious ② to throw into great confusion 同 confuse, disturb, perplex, puzzle

tease [tiːz]

中 vt. 使烦恼；取笑，嘲弄；挑逗；强烈要求；通过哄骗得到；切取 (组 织等) 以供检查；梳理 n. 取笑，嘲弄；揶揄者 英 vt. ① to annoy or pester ② to make fun of ③ to arouse hope, desire, or curiosity in without affording satisfaction ④ to urge persistently ⑤ to gain by persistent coaxing ⑥ to cut (tissue, for example) into pieces for examination ⑦ to disentangle and dress the fibers of (wool, for example) n. ⑧ the act of teasing ⑨ one that teases 同 annoy, badger, banter, bother, jest, pester

invigorate [ɪnˈvɪgəreɪt]

中 vt. 使生气勃勃，鼓舞 英 to impart vigor, strength, or vitality to; animate 同 animate, enliven, exalt, inspire, liven

impoverish [ɪmˈpɑːvərɪʃ]

中 vt. 使穷困；使贫瘠 英 ① to reduce to poverty; make poor ② to deprive of natural richness or strength 同 bankrupt, deplete, exhaust

suffocate [ˈsʌfəkeɪt]

中 vt. 使窒息而死，把...闷死；使呼吸困难；使憋气；扼制，压制 vi. 窒 息而死；受扼制，感到压抑 英 vt. ① to kill or destroy by preventing access of air or oxygen ② to impair the respiration of; asphyxiate ③ to cause discomfort to by or as if by cutting off the supply of fresh air ④ to suppress the development, imagination, or creativity of; stifle vi. ⑤ to die from lack of air or oxygen; be asphyxiated ⑥ to become or feel suppressed; be stifled 同 asphyxiate, stifle, suppress

exhaust [ɪgˈzɔːst]

中 vt. 使筋疲力尽；抽完；用完，耗尽 英 ① to wear out completely ② to drain of resources or properties ③ to use up completely 同 consume, drain, empty, fatigue, finish, knock out, spend, tire, use up, wear out

mitigate [ˈmɪtɪgeɪt]

中 vt. 使缓和，减轻 vi. 变得缓和 英 vt. ① to moderate (a quality or condition) in force or intensity; alleviate vi. ② to become milder 同 allay, alleviate, assuage, ease, relieve

encumber [ɪnˈkʌmbər]

中 vt. 使负重担，拖累；阻碍，妨碍 英 ① to put a heavy load on ② to hinder or impede the action or performance of 同 burden, hamper, hinder, load, weigh down

encumber [ɪnˈkʌmbər]

中 vt. 使负重担，拖累；阻碍，妨碍 英 ① to put a heavy load on ② to hinder or impede the action or performance of 同 burden, hamper, hinder, load, weigh down

divert [daɪ ˈvɜːrt]

中 vt. 使转向；转移 (注意力)，使分心；逗...开心，娱乐 英 ① to turn aside from a course or direction ② to distract ③ to entertain by distracting the attention from worrisome thoughts or cares, amuse 同 amuse, delight, distract, entertain, tickle

puzzle [ˈpʌzl]

中 vt. 使迷惑，使困惑 vi. 迷惑，困惑 n. 谜，难题；拼图玩具，智力游 戏 英 vt. ① to baffle or confuse mentally by presenting or being a difficult problem or matter vi. ② to be perplexed n. ③ something that baffles or confuses ④ a jigsaw puzzle 同 enigma, mystery, rebus, riddle

ventilate [ˈventɪleɪt]

中 vt. 使通风；循环以更新；公开讨论 英 ① to admit fresh air into (a mine, for example) to replace stale or noxious air ② to circulate through and freshen ③ to expose to public discussion or examination 【考点精析】Irrigate is to water as ventilate is to air. 物体及其用途的关 系。用"水"来"灌溉"，用"空气"来"通风"。

jog [dʒɑːg]

中 vt. 使颠簸；推动或摇动，轻推；唤起，提醒 vi. 颠簸着移动；慢跑 英 vt. ① to move by shoving, bumping, or jerking; jar ② to give a push or shake to; nudge ③ to rouse or stimulate as if by nudging vi. ④ to move with a jolting rhythm ⑤ to run or ride at a steady slow trot

vex [veks]

中 vt. 使麻烦，使烦恼；使困惑；使痛苦 英 ① to annoy, as with petty importunities ② to cause perplexity in ③ to bring distress or suffering to 同 agitate, disturb, ignite, incite, inflame, irritate, kindle, provoke, rouse, stir up

invade [ɪnˈveɪd]

中 vt. 侵略；侵害；大批进入，侵袭；充溢，挤满 vi. 侵略 英 vt. ① to enter by force in order to conquer or pillage ② to encroach or intrude on; violate ③to overrun as if by invading; infest ④ to enter and permeate, especially harmfully vi. ⑤ to make an invasion 同 attack, encroach, infringe, intrude, overrun, trespass invalid 中 [ˈɪnvəlɪd] n. 病人，病弱的人 vt. 使病弱 [ɪnˈvælɪd] adj. 病弱的，有病的；供病人用的 英 n. ①one who is incapacitated by a chronic illness or disability vt. ②to incapacitate physically adj. ③incapacitated by illness or injury ④ of, relating to, or intended for invalids

undermine [ˌʌndərˈmaɪn]

中 vt. 侵蚀...基础，从根基处破坏；逐渐损坏，逐渐削弱 英 ① to weaken by wearing away a base or foundation ② to weaken, injure, or impair, often by degrees or imperceptibly 同 destroy, sabotage, weaken

defend [dɪ ˈfend]

中 vt. 保卫；支持，辩护，抗辩 英 ① to make or keep safe from danger, attack, or harm ② to support or maintain, as by argument or action 同 protect, safeguard, shield, support

conserve [kənˈsɜːrv]

中 vt. 保存；节约；守恒；用糖来保存 (水果) vi. 节俭 n. 果酱 英 vt. ① to protect from loss or harm, preserve ② to use carefully or sparingly, avoiding waste ③ to keep (a quantity) constant through physical or chemical reactions or evolutionary changes ④ to preserve with sugar vi. ⑤ to economize n. ⑥ a jam made of fruits stewed in sugar 同 guard, keep, maintain, preserve, protect, save

renovate [ˈrenəveɪt]

中 vt. 修复；恢复 (精神、生机等) 英 ① to restore to an earlier condition, as by repairing or remodeling ② to impart new vigor to; revive 同 remodel, renew, restore, revive

feign [feɪn ]

中 vt. 假装；冒充；模仿；捏造 英 ① to give a false appearance of ② to represent falsely, pretend to ③ to imitate so as to deceive ④ to fabricate 同 camouflage, counterfeit, disguise, fabricate, fake, falsify

reserve [rɪ ˈzɜːrv]

中 vt. 储备；保留 n. 储备物；储备金 adj. 贮存的，预备的 英 vt. ① to keep back, as for future use or for a special purpose ② to set or cause to be set apart for a particular person or use n. ③ something kept back or saved for future use or a special purpose ④ an amount of capital held back from investment in order to meet probable or possible demands adj. ⑤ held in or forming a reserve 同 preserve, save, store

spurn [spɜːrn]

中 vt. 傲慢地拒绝，藐视；践踏 vi. 傲慢地拒绝某物 n. 傲慢的拒绝 英 vt. ① to reject disdainfully or contemptuously; scorn ② to kick at or tread on disdainfully vi. ③ to reject something contemptuously n. ④ a contemptuous rejection 同 despise, detest, disdain, hate, resent, scorn; contempt, disdain, hate, scorn

precede [prɪ ˈsiːd]

中 vt. 先于；(次序或地位上) 高于；处于...前面的位置，走在...前面； 给...作序，介绍 vi. 抢先，居先 英 vt. ① to come, exist, or occur before in time ② to come before in order or rank; surpass or outrank ③ to be in a position in front of; go in advance of ④ to preface; introduce vi. ⑤ to come or go before in time, order, rank, or position 同 forerun, head, lead

surmount [sərˈmaʊnt]

中 vt. 克服，战胜；登上...顶峰；置于...顶部 英 ① to overcome (an obstacle, for example); conquer ② to ascend to the top of; climb ③ to place something above; top 同 ascend, climb, conquer, overcome, top

exempt [ɪgˈzempt]

中 vt. 免除，豁免 adj. 被豁免的 n. 被免除 (义务、责任等) 的人 英 vt. ① to free from an obligation, a duty, or a liability to which others are subject adj. ② freed from an obligation, a duty, or a liability to which others are subject; excused n. ③ one who is exempted from an obligation, a duty, or a liability 同 except, excuse, free, let off, release

profess [prəˈfes]

中 vt. 公开承认，宣称；声称，妄称，伪称；以...为业 英 ① to affirm openly; declare or claim ② to make a pretense of; pretend ③ to claim skill in or knowledge of 同 allege, claim, contend, declare, maintain, pretend

denounce [dɪ ˈnaʊns]

中 vt. 公开指责；指控，正式控诉；通过废除 英 ① to condemn openly as being evil or reprehensible ② to accuse formally ③ to give formal announcement of the ending of (a treaty) 同 accuse, blame, censure, charge, condemn, damn, indict, reproach

foster [ˈfɑːstər]

中 vt. 养育，抚养；促进，培养；抱有，怀有 adj. 收养的；被收养的 英 vt. ① to bring up, nurture ② to promote the growth and development of, cultivate ③ to nurse, cherish adj. ④ providing parental care and nurture to children not related through legal or blood ties ⑤ receiving parental care and nurture from those not related to one through legal or blood ties 同 care for, cultivate, nourish, nurture

nourish [ˈnɜːrɪʃ]

中 vt. 养育；增进，鼓励；保持 英 ① to provide with food or other substances necessary for life and growth; feed ② to foster the development of; promote ③ to keep alive; maintain 同 feed, maintain, nurse, nurture, strengthen, sustain

decongest [ˌdiːkənˈdʒest]

中 vt. 减轻 英 to relieve the congestion of (sinuses, for example)

repel [rɪ ˈpel]

中 vt. 击退，驱逐；抵制；拒绝；避开；使反感，使厌恶；排斥 vi. 排斥； 使人反感，使人厌恶 英 vt. ① to ward off or keep away; drive back ② to offer resistance to; fight against ③ to refuse to accept; reject ④ to turn away from; spurn ⑤ to cause aversion or distaste in ⑥ to be resistant to; be incapable of absorbing or mixing with vi. ⑦ to offer a resistant force to something ⑧ to cause aversion or distaste 同 disgust, nauseate, rebuff, reject, repulse, spurn

sever [ˈsevər]

中 vt. 分开；切开；断绝，使分离 vi. 切开；分开 英 vt. ① to set or keep apart; divide or separate ② to cut off (a part) from a whole ③ to break up (a relationship, for example); dissolve vi. ④ to become cut or broken apart ⑤ to become separated or divided from each other 同 divide, keep apart, separate

isolate [ˈaɪsəleɪt]

中 vt. 分开；隔离 adj. 独自的 n. 分离菌 英 vt. ① to set apart or cut off from others ② to place in quarantine adj. solitary; alone n. ③ a bacterial or fungal strain that has been isolated 同 seclude, keep apart, keep away 【考点精析】Integrate is to coalesce as segregate is to isolate. 同义关 系。

segregate [ˈsegrɪgeɪt]

中 vt. 分离，隔离；强制隔离 (某种族或阶层) vi. 被分离；实行种族隔 离政策 adj. 分开的，隔离的 n. 被隔离的人 英 vt. ① to separate or isolate from others or from a main body or group ② to impose the separation of (a race or class) from the rest of society vi. ③ to become separated from a main body or mass ④ to practice a policy of racial segregation adj. ⑤ separated; isolated n. ⑥ one that is or has been segregated 同 isolate, seclude, separate; isolated, separated 【考点精析】Integrate is to coalesce as segregate is to isolate. 同义关 系。

incite [ɪnˈsaɪt]

中 vt. 刺激，激励 英 to provoke and urge on 同 agitate, instigate, provoke, rouse, stir up

prod [prɑːd]

中 vt. 刺，戳；促使...行动，鼓励 n. 刺棒，刺针 英 vt. ① to jab or poke, as with a pointed object ② to goad to action; incite n. ③ a pointed object used to prod 同 coerce, compel, drive, force, goad, motivate, project, propel, stimulate, spur, whip; goad, spur, whip

demean [dɪ ˈmiːn]

中 vt. 刻意；贬抑 英 ① to conduct or behave (oneself) in a particular manner ②to lower in character,status, or reputation 同 degrade, disgrace, put down, take down

inscribe [ɪnˈskraɪb]

中 vt. 刻，写，雕；把 (名字) 登记入册；题写，题字 英 ① to write, print, carve, or engrave (words or letters) on or in a surface; to mark or engrave (a surface) with words or letters ② to enter (a name) on a list or in a register ③ to sign one's name or write a brief message in or on (a gift book or photograph, for example) 同 chisel, scribe, sign, write

scratch [skrætʃ]

中 vt. 刻，划；在 (某处) 挖，刮；搔痒 vi. 挖，刮；发出刺耳的声音 n. 划线，划痕；刮伤；潦草的字迹 adj. 偶然的；仓促拼凑的 英 vt. ① to make a thin, shallow cut or mark on (a surface) with a sharp instrument ② to use the nails or claws to dig or scrape at ③ to rub or scrape (the skin) to relieve itching vi. ④ to use the nails or claws to dig, scrape, or wound ⑤ to make a harsh, scraping sound n. ⑥ a mark resembling a line that is produced by scratching ⑦ a slight wound ⑧ a hasty scribble adj. ⑨ done haphazardly or by chance ⑩ assembled hastily or at random 同 graze, rub, scrape, scribble

snip [snɪp]

中 vt. 剪 (某物) vi. 剪 n. 裁剪 (声)；切口 英 vt. ① to cut, clip, or separate (something) with short, quick strokes vi. ② to cut or clip with short, quick strokes n. ③ an instance of snipping or the sound produced by snipping ④ a small cut made with scissors or shears 同 clip, cut

split [splɪt]

中 vt. 劈开，切开；使裂开，爆开，撕开 vi. 分裂成几部分 (尤指纵向 分裂)；被分开，容许被分开 英 vt. ① to divide from end to end or along the grain by or as if by a sharp blow ② to break, burst, or rip apart with force; rend vi. ③ to become separated into parts, especially to undergo lengthwise division ④ to become or admit of being divided 同 break, cleave, crack, divide, fracture, separate

propitiate [prəˈpɪʃieɪt]

中 vt. 劝慰，使息怒 英 to conciliate (an offended power); appease 同 appease, conciliate, pacify, placate, quell, soothe

occupy [ˈɑːkjupaɪ]

中 vt. 占用 (时间或空间)；居住；使忙于，使从事 英 ① to fill up (time or space) ② to dwell or reside in ③ to engage, employ, or busy (oneself) 同 abide, dwell, inhabit, live, reside, stay

jam [dʒæm]

中 vt. 压紧；使卡住，使故障；塞入 vi. 嵌住，卡住 n. 阻塞；果酱 英 vt. ① to drive or wedge forcibly into a tight position ② to cause (moving parts, for example) to lock into an unworkable position ③ to pack (items, for example) to excess; cram vi. ④ to become wedged or stuck n. ⑤ a crush or congestion of people or things in a limited space ⑥ a preserve made from whole fruit boiled to a pulp with sugar. 【考点精析】Jam is to fruit as butter is to milk. 原材料关系。"果酱"是 由"水果"做成的， "黄油"是由"牛奶"做成的。

withstand [wɪðˈstænd]

中 vt. 反抗；抵住，经受住，顶住 vi. 抵住，经受住，顶住 英 vt. ① to oppose with force or resolution ② to be successful in resisting vi. ③ to resist or endure successfully 同 endure, oppose, resist

convene [kənˈviːn]

中 vt. 召集；传唤 vi. 集会 英 vt. ① to cause to come together formally ② to summon to appear, as before a tribunal vi. ③ to come together usually for an official or public purpose, assemble 同 assemble, gather, meet

emulate [ˈemjuleɪt]

中 vt. 同...竞争，尽力赶上；仿真，模拟 英 ① to strive to equal or excel, especially through imitation ② to imitate the function of (another system), as by modifications to hardware or software that allow the imitating system to accept the same data, execute the same programs, and achieve the same results as the imitated system 同 copy, follow, imitate, impersonate, mimic, mirror, simulate

confide [kənˈfaɪd]

中 vt. 吐露；委托，托付 vi. 吐露秘密 英 vt. ① to tell (something) in confidence ② to put into another's keeping vi. ③ to disclose private matters in confidence 同 disclose, entrust, rely

resign [rɪ ˈzaɪn]

中 vt. 听任；辞去 (职务)；放弃 (特权等) vi. 辞职 英 vt. ① to submit (oneself) passively; accept as inevitable ② to give up (a position, for example), especially by formal notification ③ to relinquish (a privilege, right, or claim) vi. ④ to give up one's job or office; quit, especially by formal notification 同 abandon, abdicate, abnegate, quit, renounce, step down 【考点精析】Resign is to occupation as abdicate is to authority. 动宾关 系。辞去职位，放弃权力。前者放弃后者。

enlighten [ɪnˈlaɪtn]

中 vt. 启迪，启发；教导，指导 英 ① to give spiritual or intellectual insight to ② to give information to, inform or instruct 同 illuminate, inform, instruct, teach

sip [sɪp]

中 vt. 呷，小口喝；从...中呷 vi. 小口喝 n. 呷；一呷之量 英 vt. ① to drink in small quantities ② to drink from in sips vi. ③ to drink something in sips n. ④ the act of sipping ⑤ a small quantity of liquid sipped

exhale [eksˈheɪl]

中 vt. 呼出 (气体)；散发出 (气味等) vi. 呼气；散发 英 vt. ① to breathe out ② to be given off or emitted vi. ③ to blow (something) forth or breathe (something) out ④ to give off, emit 同 blow, breathe out, expel, give off 【考点精析】Exhale is to carbon dioxide as weep is to tears. 动作及其效 果的关系。"呼气"的效果是放出"二氧化碳"，"哭泣的效果是流 出"泪水"。

rouse [raʊz]

中 vt. 唤醒；激怒，激起行动 vi. 醒来；变得活跃 n. 觉醒，激起 英 vt. ① to arouse from slumber, apathy, or depression ② to excite, as to anger or action; stir up vi. ③ to wake up ④ to become active n. ⑤ the act or an instance of arousing 同 agitate, awaken, disturb, pique, provoke, stimulate, stir

imbibe [ɪmˈbaɪb]

中 vt. 喝，饮水；吸收，吸入；接受 (思想、知识等) vi. 喝，饮 英 vt. ① to drink ② to absorb or take in as if by drinking ③ to receive and absorb into the mind vi. ④ to drink alcoholic beverages 同 absorb, drink, receive

surround [səˈraʊnd]

中 vt. 围绕，环绕；包围，圈禁 n. 边，边缘；四周；环境 英 vt. ① to extend on all sides of simultaneously; encircle ② to enclose or confine on all sides so as to bar escape or outside communication n. ③ something, such as fencing or a border, that surrounds ④ surroundings; environment 同 confine, encircle, enclose, envelop; environment, surroundings

gulp [gʌlp]

中 vt. 大口吞，狼吞虎咽 vi. 噎住，呛住 n. 吞咽 英 vt. ① to swallow greedily or rapidly in large amounts vi. ② to choke or gasp, as in swallowing large amounts of liquid n. ③ the act of gulping 同 choke, devour, gasp, swallow

raze [reɪz]

中 vt. 夷平，拆毁；擦掉，抹去 英 ① to level to the ground; demolish ② to scrape or shave off 同 annihilate, damage, deform, demolish, destroy, devastate, disfigure, flatten, impair, level, mar, neutralize, spoil, wreck

stymie [ˈstaɪmi]

中 vt. 妨碍，阻挠 n. 障碍，妨碍物；(高尔夫) 妨碍球 英 vt. ① to thwart; stump n. ② an obstacle or obstruction ③ a situation in golf in which an opponent's ball obstructs the line of play of one's own ball on the putting green 同 block, check, clog, hamper, hinder, impede, inhibit, interrupt, obstacle, obstruct, thwart, stump; barrier, obstacle, obstruct, block, check, clog

impede [ɪmˈpiːd]

中 vt. 妨碍，阻止 英 to retard or obstruct the progress of 同 block, check, clog, hamper, hinder, inhibit, interrupt, obstruct

entrust [ɪnˈtrʌst]

中 vt. 委托，托管；信赖 英 ① to give over (something) to another for care, protection, or performance ② to give as a trust to (someone)

deter [dɪ ˈtɜːr]

中 vt. 威胁，恐吓，阻止 英 to prevent or discourage from acting, as by means of fear or doubt 同 discourage, hinder, prevent, prohibit

lead [liːd]

中 vt. 引导，领 (路)；带领，指引；使...通向；领导，率领；领先 vi. 领 先；领路；导致 n. 领先地位 英 vt. ① to show the way to by going in advance ② to guide or direct in a course ③ to serve as a route for; take ④ to inspire the conduct of ⑤ to be ahead of vi. ⑥ to be first; be ahead ⑦ to go first as a guide ⑧ to tend toward a certain goal or result n. ⑨ the first or foremost position

console [kənˈsoʊl]

中 vt. 安慰，减轻痛苦 n. (收音机等的) 落地柜；操作台；(汽车上的) 储物箱；支架 英 vt. ① to allay the sorrow or grief of n. ② a cabinet for a radio, television set, or phonograph, designed to stand on the floor ③ a central control panel for a mechanical, electrical, or electronic system ④ a small storage compartment mounted between bucket seats in an automobile ⑤ an often scroll-shaped bracket used for decoration or for supporting a projecting member, such as a cornice or shelf 同 calm down, conciliate, pacify, placate, soothe

soothe [suːð]

中 vt. 安慰，抚慰；缓和，减轻 (痛苦等) vi. 起抚慰、镇定或减轻作用 英 vt. ① to calm or placate ② to ease or relieve (pain, for example) vi. ③ to bring comfort, composure, or relief 同 calm down, ease, pacify, placate, propitiate, quell, relieve

conciliate [kənˈsɪlieɪt]

中 vt. 安抚；取悦；调和调节 vi. 博得 (某人的) 好感 英 vt. ① to overcome the distrust or animosity of ② to regain or try to regain (friendship or goodwill) by pleasant behavior ③ to make or attempt to make compatible vi. ④ to gain or try to gain someone's friendship or goodwill 同 pacify, placate, soothe

declare [dɪ ˈkler]

中 vt. 宣告，宣布；声称，断言 英 ① to make known formally or officially ② to state emphatically or authoritatively 同 affirm, announce, assert, pronounce, state

condone [kənˈdoʊn]

中 vt. 宽恕 英 to overlook, forgive, or disregard (an offense) without protest orcensure 同 forgive, pardon

rue [ruː]

中 vt. 对...感到懊悔或悔恨 vi. 感到懊悔或悔恨 n. 后悔，悔恨 英 vt. ① to feel regret, remorse, or sorrow for vi. ② to feel regret, remorse, or sorrow n. ③ sorrow; regret 同 moan, mourn, regret, remorse, sorrow

resent [rɪ ˈzent]

中 vt. 对...感到气愤，愤恨，憎恶，怨恨 英 to feel indignantly aggrieved at 同 aggrieve, hate

pulverize [ˈpʌlvəraɪz]

中 vt. 将...捣、碾或磨成粉，粉碎；摧毁 vi. 被磨或碾成粉 英 vt. ① to pound, crush, or grind to powder or dust ② to demolish vi. ③ to be ground or reduced to powder or dust 同 crush, demolish 【考点精析】Crush is to pulverize as cut is to shred. 同义词关系。

revere [rɪ ˈvɪr]

中 vt. 尊敬，敬畏 英 to regard with awe, deference, and devotion 同 awe, defer, fear, venerate

inhabit [ɪnˈhæbɪt]

中 vt. 居住于，栖息于；存在于，占据 vi. 居住 英 vt. ① to live or reside in ② to be present in; fill vi. ③ to dwell 同 abide, dwell, live, occupy, reside, stay

display [dɪ ˈspleɪ]

中 vt. 展示，陈列；表明，显示；炫耀 n. 表明，显示；陈列品；炫耀 英 vt. ① to present or hold up to view ② to give evidence of ③ to exhibit ostentatiously n. ④ the act of displaying ⑤ objects or merchandise set out for viewing by the public ⑥ ostentatious exhibition 同 demonstrate, exhibit, flaunt, illustrate, parade

fulfill [fʊl ˈfɪl]

中 vt. 履行；执行 (命令等)；达到，实现；使结束 英 ① to bring into actuality, effect ② to carry out (an order, for example) ③ to measure up to, satisfy ④ to bring to an end, complete 同 accomplish, achieve, finish

fortify [ˈfɔːrtɪfaɪ]

中 vt. 巩固，强化；设防御工事；增强 (体力)；鼓励 vi. 构筑防御工事 英 vt. ① to make strong ② to strengthen and secure (a position) with fortifications ③ to impart physical strength or endurance to, invigorate ④ to give emotional, moral or mental strength to; encourage vi. ⑤ to build fortifications 同 brace, invigorate, reinforce, strengthen

deserve [dɪ ˈzɜːrv]

中 vt. 应受，该得 英 to be worthy of

endure [ɪnˈdʊr]

中 vt. 度过，挨过；容忍，忍受 英 ① to carry on through, despite hardships ② to bear with tolerance 同 bear, experience, persist, remain, stand, stay, suffer, tolerate, undergo

prolong [prəˈlɔːŋ]

中 vt. 延长 (时间)；拉长 英 ① to lengthen in duration; protract ② to lengthen in extent 同 extend, lengthen, protract 【考点精析】Prolong is to time as expand is to space. 动宾关系。延长时 间，扩展空间。两个动词都有"增加，延长"的意思。

crumble [ˈkrʌmbl]

中 vt. 弄碎 vi. 碎裂，破碎；失败，崩溃 英 vt. ① to break into small fragments or particles vi. ② to fall intosmall fragments or particles; disintegrate ③ to give way, collapse 同 collapse, disintegrate, fail

smear [smɪr]

中 vt. 弄脏，弄污；诽谤，中伤 英 ① to stain by or as if by spreading or daubing with a sticky, greasy, or dirty substance ② to stain or attempt to destroy the reputation of; vilify 同 blacken, defile, slander, smudge, soil, spoil, spot, stain 【考点精析】Reputation is to sullied as character is to smeared. 动宾关 系。玷污名誉，污蔑人格。

sully [ˈsʌli]

中 vt. 弄脏，污染；玷污 n. 污点，瑕疵 英 vt. ① to mar the cleanness or luster of; soil or stain ② to defile; taint n. ③ some-thing that stains or spots 同 defile, mar, smear, taint 【考点精析】Reputation is to sullied as character is to smeared. 动宾关 系。名誉被玷污，人格被污蔑。

stain [steɪn]

中 vt. 弄脏，污染；给...染色 vi. 产生污迹 n. 污迹，污渍；名声上的污 点 英 vt. ① to discolor, soil, or spot ② to color (glass, for example) with a coat of penetrating liquid dye or tint vi. ③ to produce or receive discolorations n. ④ a discolored or soiled spot or smudge ⑤ a blemish on one's moral character or reputation 同 blemish, discolor, smear, smudge, soil, spot, taint

smudge [smʌdʒ]

中 vt. 弄脏；涂抹，使...模糊；烟熏 (以除虫等) vi. 弄污 n. 污点，污 痕；熏烟 英 vt. ① to make dirty, especially in one small area ② to smear or blur (something) ③ to fill (an orchard or another planted area) with dense smoke from a smudge pot in order to prevent damage from insects or frost vi. ④ to smear something as with dirt, soot, or ink n. ⑤ a blotch or smear ⑥ a smoky fire used as a protection against insects or frost 同 blur, smear, taint

quote [kwoʊt]

中 vt. 引用，引述；引证，举例；报 (价)，开 (价) vi. 引用 n. 引号 英 vt. ① to repeat or copy the words of (another), usually with acknowledgment of the source ② to cite or refer to for illustration or proof ③ to state (a price) for securities, goods, or services vi. ④ to give a quotation, as from a book n. ⑤ a quotation mark 同 cite, echo, illustrate, repeat

inveigle [ɪnˈveɪgl]

中 vt. 引诱；骗取 英 ① to win over by coaxing, flattery, or artful talk ② to obtain by cajolery 同 cajole, coax, entice, hoax

suffuse [səˈfjuːz]

中 vt. 弥漫，充满，扩散 英 to spread through or over, as with liquid, color, or light 同 diffuse, perfuse

ransack [ˈrænsæk]

中 vt. 彻底搜查；抢夺，洗劫 英 ① to search or examine thoroughly ② to search carefully for plunder; pillage 同 forage, loot, pillage, plunder, raid, rummage, search

imply [ɪmˈplaɪ]

中 vt. 必然包含；暗示，暗指 英 ① to involve by logical necessity; entail ② to express or indicate indirectly 同 hint, implicate, indicate, reveal, signify, suggest

meditate [ˈmedɪteɪt]

中 vt. 思索，冥想；打算 vi. 仔细考虑或思索 英 ① to reflect on; contemplate ② to plan in the mind; intend vi. ③ to consider or reflect at length 同 contemplate, reflect, think

entreat [ɪnˈtriːt]

中 vt. 恳求；乞求，请求 英 ① to make an earnest request of ② to ask for earnestly, petition for 同 ask, beg, implore, plead

scare [sker]

中 vt. 惊吓，使恐慌 vi. 受惊 n. 惊吓，惊恐；大恐慌 adj. 恐怖的 英 vt. ① to strike with sudden fear; alarm vi. ② to become frightened n. ③ a condition or sensation of sudden fear ④ a general state of alarm; a panic adj. ⑤ serving or intended to frighten people

imbue [ɪmˈbjuː]

中 vt. 感染，激起 (感情等)，深深地影响；使充满，使渗透；玷污，深 深浸染 英 ① to inspire or influence thoroughly, pervade ② to permeate or saturate ③ to stain or dye deeply 同 dye, infect, perfuse, stain

detest [dɪ ˈtest]

中 vt. 憎恶 英 to dislike intensely 同 abhor, dislike, hate, loathe 【考点精析】Detest is to dislike as fascinate is to interest. 程度关系。"憎 恶"比"不喜欢"程度深，"使着迷"比"使感兴趣"程度深。

defeat [dɪ ˈfiːt]

中 vt. 战胜，击败；挫败 英 ① to win victory over ② to prevent the success of defect [dɪ ˈfekt]# 中 n. 瑕疵，缺点；欠缺，不足之处 英 ① the lack of something necessary or desirable for completion or perfection ② an imperfection that causes inadequacy or failure 同 blemish, deficiency, failing, fault, flaw, imperfection, shortcoming,weakness

conquer [ˈkɑːŋkər]

中 vt. 战胜；征服；克服，成功地登上 vi. 成功，胜利 英 vt. ① to defeat or subdue by force, especially by force of arms ② to gain or secure control of by or as if by force of arms ③ to overcome or surmount by physical, mental, or moral force vi. ④ to be victorious, win 同 crush, defeat, overtake, triumph, vanquish, win

curtail [kɜːrˈteɪl]

中 vt. 截短；缩减 英 ① to cut short, abbreviate ② to reduce 同 abbreviate, abridge, condense, shorten, truncate

quench [kwentʃ]

中 vt. 扑灭，熄灭；镇压；使结束，终止；满足；将...淬火，使冷却 英 ① to put out (a fire, for example); extinguish ② to suppress; squelch ③ to put an end to; destroy ④ to slake; satisfy ⑤ to cool (hot metal) by thrusting into water or other liquid 同 extinguish, overcome, overpower, overwhelm, quell, quash, sate, satisfy, slake, squelch, suppress, subdue

strike [straɪk]

中 vt. 打击；使遭受 (一击) vi. 打击；敲钟报时 n. 打，击；攻击，袭击， (尤指) 空袭；罢工 英 vt. ① to hit sharply, as with the hand, the fist, or a weapon ② to inflict (a blow) vi. ③ to deal a blow or blows with or as if with the fist or a weapon; hit ④ to become indicated by percussive or chiming sounds n. ⑤ an act or a gesture of striking ⑥ an attack, especially a military air attack on a single group of targets ⑦ a cessation of work by employees in support of demands made on their employer, as for higher pay or improved conditions

stifle [ˈstaɪfl]

中 vt. 打断，切断；阻止，抑制，扼杀；使窒息 vi. 窒息 英 vt. ① to interrupt or cut off (the voice, for example) ② to keep in or hold back; repress ③ to kill by preventing respiration; smother or suffocate vi. ④ to feel smothered or suffocated by or as if by close confinement in a stuffy room 同 muffle, repress, smother, suffocate

tuck [tʌk]

中 vt. 打褶，卷起；隐藏；收缩 n. 卷起；褶 英 vt. ① to make one fold or several folds in ② to put in an out-of-theway, snug place ③ to draw in n. ④ the act of tucking ⑤ a flattened pleat or fold, especially a very narrow one stitched in place 同 bend, crease, fold

distort [dɪ ˈstɔːrt]

中 vt. 扭曲，使变形；曲解；误用，滥用 英 ① to twist out of a proper or natural relation of parts ② to give a false or misleading account of ③ to cause to work in a twisted or disorderly manner 同 contort, falsify, misrepresent, pervert, twist

flatten [ˈflætn]

中 vt. 把...弄平；击倒 vi. 变平，变得更平 英 vt. ① to make flat or flatter ② to knock down, lay low vi. ③ to become flat or flatter

repress [rɪ ˈpres]

中 vt. 抑制；镇压 vi. 采取镇压行动 英 vt. ① to hold back by an act of volition ② to put down by force, usually before total control has been lost; quell vi. ③ to take repressive action 同 muffle, quell, restrain, stifle, suppress

seize [siːz]

中 vt. 抓住；掌握，理解 vi. 抓住，夺取，攫取；(因受压等) 卡住，咬 住；停止，终止 英 vt. ① to grasp suddenly and forcibly; take or grab ② to grasp with the mind; apprehend vi. ③ to lay hold suddenly or forcibly ④ to cohere or fuse with another part as a result of high pressure or temperature and restrict or prevent further motion or flow ⑤ to come to a halt 同 clasp, clutch, grab, grasp, snatch

hurl [hɜːrl]

中 vt. 投，掷；推，发射；推倒，推翻；厉声叫骂 vi. 快速移动；用力投 掷 英 vt. ① to throw with great force, fling ② to send with great vigor, thrust ③ to throw down, overthrow ④ to utter vehemently vi. ⑤ to move with great speed, force, or violence; hurtle ⑥ to throw something with force 同 fling, throw

toss [tɔːs]

中 vt. 投，掷；搅拌 vi. 颠簸，来回荡动 n. 投，掷；颠簸 英 vt. ① to throw lightly or casually or with a sudden slight jerk ② to mix (a salad) lightly so as to cover with dressing vi. ③ to be thrown here and there; be flung to and fro n. ④ the act of tossing or the condition of being tossed 同 cast, chuck, fling, flip, heave, hurl, sling

fold [foʊld]

中 vt. 折叠；叠起来，使紧密；包住，笼罩 vi./ n. 折叠 英 vt. ① to bend over or double up so that one part lies on another part ② to make compact by doubling or bending over parts ③ to bring from an extended to a closed position vi. ④ to become folded n. ⑤ the act or an instance of folding

discard [dɪsˈkɑːrd]

中 vt. 抛弃，丢弃；掷出 (纸牌) 英 ① to throw away, reject ② to throw out (a playing card) from one's hand 同 cast off, dispose of, get rid of, junk, reject, scrap, shed, slough, throw away

elevate [ˈelɪveɪt]

中 vt. 抬起，使上升；增加；提高 (道德品质、文化层次等) 英 ① to move (something) to a higher place or position from a lower one ② to increase the amplitude, intensity, or volume of ③ to raise to a higher moral, cultural, or intellectual level 同 boost, lift, raise

whip [wɪp]

中 vt. 抽打，鞭打；以鞭打责罚，鞭笞；严厉地责打或责备 n. 鞭子 英 vt. ① to strike with repeated strokes, as with a strap or rod; lash ② to punish or chastise by repeated striking with a strap or rod ③ to afflict, castigate, or reprove severely n. ④ an instrument, either a flexible rod or a flexible thong or lash attached to a handle, used for driving animals or administering corporal punishment 同 chastise, strike

strain [streɪn]

中 vt. 拉紧 vi. 尽力，努力 n. 被拉紧，紧张状态 英 vt. ① to pull, draw, or stretch tight vi. ② to make violent or steady efforts; strive hard n. ③ the state of being strained 同 extend, sprain, stretch, tow, wrench

repudiate [rɪ ˈpjuːdieɪt]

中 vt. 拒绝接受；否定；拒付；与...断绝关系，抛弃 (孩子等) 英 ① to reject the validity or authority of ② to reject emphatically as unfounded, untrue, or unjust ③ to refuse to recognize or pay ④ to refuse to have any dealings with; disown (a child, for example) 同 decline, disavow, disclaim, disown, reject, renounce

deprive [dɪ ˈpraɪv]

中 vt. 拿走，夺走；拒绝；免职 英 ① to take something away from ② to keep from possessing or enjoying, deny ③ to remove from office 同 take away, take from

indicate [ˈɪndɪkeɪt]

中 vt. 指示，指明；象征，显示；使...成为必要；简述 英 ① to show the way to or the direction of; point out ② to serve as a sign, symptom, or token of; signify ③ to suggest or demonstrate the necessity, expedience, or advisability of ④ to state or express briefly 同 bespeak, betoken, testify

dig [dɪg]

中 vt. 挖掘；掘取；探究 英 ① to break up, turn over, or remove (earth or sand, for example), as with a shovel, a spade, or the hands ② to obtain or unearth by digging ③ to learn or discover by careful research or investigation 同 excavate, gouge, scoop

spoil [spɔɪl]

中 vt. 损坏，破坏；毁掉；宠坏，溺爱 vi. 变质，变坏 n. 战利品，掠夺 物 英 vt. ① to impair the value or quality of ② to damage irreparably; ruin ③ to do harm to the character, nature, or attitude of by oversolicitude, overindulgence, or excessive praise vi. ④ ( used especially of perishables, such as food) to become unfit for use or consumption, as from decay n. ⑤ goods or property seized from a victim after a conflict, especially after a military victory 同 annihilate, damage, deform, demolish, destroy, devastate, disfigure, flatten, impair, level, mar, neutralize, raze, wreck

mar [mɑːr]

中 vt. 损坏；使不完美，破坏 n. 污点，瑕疵 英 vt. ① to inflict damage, especially disfiguring damage on ② to impair the sound-ness, perfection, or integrity of; spoil n. ③ a disfiguring mark; a blemish 同 damage, deform, demolish, destroy, devastate, disfigure, impair, raze, spoil, wreck

steer [stɪr]

中 vt. 掌舵；指引...的路线；操纵，控制 vi. 驾驶；行进 n. 建议，指导 英 vt. ① to guide by means of a device such as a rudder, paddle, or wheel ② to direct the course of ③ to maneuver (a person) into a place or course of action vi. ④ to guide a vessel or vehicle ⑤ to follow or move in a set course n. ⑥ a piece of advice 同 conduct, direct, guide, maneuver, regulate

ostracize [ˈɑːstrəsaɪz]

中 vt. 排斥，放逐；(古希腊) 按贝壳流放法放逐 英 ① to exclude from a group ② to banish by ostracism, as in ancient Greece 同 banish, deport, get rid of, exile, expel, send away

impeach [ɪmˈpiːtʃ]

中 vt. 控告，告发；弹劾；怀疑，质疑 英 ① to make an accusation against ② to charge (a public official) with improper conduct in office before a proper tribunal ③ to challenge the validity of, try to discredit 同 accuse, blame, charge, denounce, doubt, indict L MP3-15 IST 15

propel [prəˈpel]

中 vt. 推进，推动；鞭策，激励 英 to cause to move forward or onward 同 coerce, compel, drive, force, goad, motivate, prod, stimulate, spur, whip

urge [ˈɜːrdʒ]

中 vt. 推进，驱策；恳求，规劝；催促，刺激 英 ① to force or drive forward or onward ② to entreat earnestly and often repeatedly ③ to move or impel to action, effort, or speed; spur 同 drive, force, provoke, stimulate

dissemble [dɪ ˈsembl]

中 vt. 掩盖；伪装，假装 英 ① to disguise or conceal behind a false appearance ② to make a false show of 同 cloak, feign, mask, pretend, sham

contemplate [ˈkɑːntəmpleɪt]

中 vt. 注视；思忖；打算 vi. 默思，思考 英 vt. ① to look at attentively and thoughtfully ② to consider carefully and at length, meditate on or ponder ③ to have in mind as an intention or possibility vi. ④ to ponder, meditate 同 consider, deliberate, meditate, ponder, reflect

exalt [ɪgˈzɔːlt]

中 vt. 提高，提升；赞扬；加强 英 ① to raise in rank, character, or status ② to glorify, praise, or honor ③ to increase the effect or intensity of, heighten 同 compliment, elevate, extol, glorify, honor, laud, praise 【考点精析】Exalted is to glorious as unimportant is to trivial. 横向上构 成 同义关系，纵向上构成反义关系。

interpolate [ɪnˈtɜːrpəleɪt]

中 vt. 插入；在课本 中添加 (材料)；插话；篡改 vi. 插入，添加 英 vt. ① to insert or introduce between other elements or parts ② to insert (material) into a text ③ to insert into a conversation ④ to change or falsify (a text) by introducing new or incorrect material vi. ⑤ to make insertions or additions 同 inject, insert, put in, set in

disseminate [dɪ ˈsemɪneɪt]

中 vt. 撒，播；传播，散布 英 ① to scatter widely, as in sowing seed ② to spread abroad, promulgate 同 broadcast, circularize, circulate, diffuse, disperse, distribute, pass around, propagate, spread

rip [rɪp]

中 vt. 撕破，割裂，扯裂；沿纹理锯或劈 (木材) vi. 裂开，破裂 n. 扯 裂，割裂；裂口 英 vt. ① to cut, tear apart, or tear away roughly or energetically ② to split or saw (wood) along the grain vi. ③ to become torn or split apart n. ④ the act of ripping ⑤ a torn or split place, especially along a seam 同 break, cut, split, tear

tear [ter]

中 vt. 撕碎，撕裂；撕破；划伤，划破 (皮肤等)；用力分开，夺走；分 裂，瓦解 vi. 被撕裂；飞跑，狂奔 英 vt. ① to pull apart or into pieces by force; rend ② to make (an opening) by ripping ③ to lacerate (the skin, for example) ④ to separate forcefully; wrench ⑤ to divide or disrupt vi. ⑥ to become torn ⑦ to move with heedless speed; rush headlong 同 cleave, lacerate, rend, rip, rive, split, wrench

expunge [ɪkˈspʌndʒ]

中 vt. 擦掉，抹去；消除，剔除 英 ① to erase or strike out ② to eliminate completely, annihilate 同 erase, truncate

scrub [skrʌb]

中 vt. 擦洗，擦掉；使 (气体) 净化 vi. 擦洗 n. 擦洗，擦掉 英 vt. ① to rub hard in order to clean, remove (dirt or stains) by hard rubbing ② to remove impurities from (a gas) chemically vi. ③ to clean or wash something by hard rubbing n. ④ the act or an instance of scrubbing 同 buff, rub, scour, shine, wash

mount [maʊnt]

中 vt. 攀登，登上；骑上，走上；跨骑；骑到马上；架设 vi. 登上，爬上； 骑上马 (或自行车)；增长 n. 攀，登；可骑乘的工具 (如马) 英 vt. ① to climb or ascend ② to place oneself upon, get up on ③ to climb onto (a female) for copulation ④ to set on a horse ⑤ to fix securely to a support vi. ⑥ to go upward; rise ⑦ to get up on something, as a horse or bicycle ⑧ to increase in amount, extent, or intensity n. ⑨ the act or manner of mounting ⑩ a means of conveyance, such as a horse, on which to ride 同 ascend, climb, raise, rise

disburse [dɪsˈbɜːrs]

中 vt. 支出，支付 英 to pay out, as from a fund; expend

waive [weɪv]

中 vt. 放弃；推迟，暂时搁置 英 ① to give up (a claim or right) voluntarily ② to put aside or off temporarily 同 give up, relinquish, surrender

deposit [dɪ ˈpɑːzɪt]

中 vt. 放置，放下；使沉淀；存 (钱)；预付 (定金) n. 存款；定金；沉淀物 英 vt. ① to put or set down ② to lay down or leave behind by a natural process ③ to put (money) in a bank or financial account ④ to give as partial payment or security n. ⑤ something, such as money, that is entrusted for safekeeping, as in a bank ⑥ a partial or initial payment of a cost or debt ⑦ something deposited, especially by a natural process 同 lay, leave, place, put down, store; pledge

instruct [ɪnˈstrʌkt]

中 vt. 教授；下命令 vi. 教课 英 vt. ① to provide with knowledge, especially in a methodical way ② to give orders to; direct vi. ③ to serve as an instructor 同 direct, guide, inform, teach

mesmerize [ˈmezməraɪz]

中 vt. 施催眠术，迷惑，迷住 英 to spellbind; enthrall

insinuate [ɪnˈsɪnjueɪt]

中 vt. 暗示，旁敲侧击地说；使迂回地渗入 vi. 暗示，含沙射影地说话 英 vt. ① to introduce or otherwise convey (a thought, for example) gradually and insidiously ② to introduce or insert (oneself) by subtle and artful means vi. ③ to make insinuations 同 hint, implicate, imply, indicate, signify, suggest

renew [rɪ ˈnuː]

中 vt. 更新；使重新开始 vi. 更新 英 vt. ① to make new or as if new again; restore ② to take up again; resume vi. ③ to become new again 同 remodel, restore, resume, revive

frame [freɪm]

中 vt. 构造，建造；构想出，设计；调整，使适合；表达，说出 n. 结构， 组织；骨架，架子 英 vt. ① to build by putting together the structural parts of, construct ② to conceive or design ③ to arrange or adjust for a purpose ④ to put into words, formulate n. ⑤ something composed of parts fitted and joined together ⑥ a structure that gives shape or support

deracinate [ˌdiːˈræsɪneɪt]

中 vt. 根除，灭绝；隔绝 英 ① to pull out by the roots, uproot ② to displace from one's native or accustomed environment 同 uproot

intersect [ˌɪntərˈsekt]

中 vt. 横断，贯穿；与...交叉 vi. 相交；交叉 英 vt. ① to cut across or through ② to form an intersection with; cross vi. ③ to cut across or overlap each other ④ to form an intersection; cross 同 converge, cross

cozen [ˈkʌzn]

中 vt. 欺骗；引诱 (某人做某事)；通过哄骗获取 (某物) vi. 欺骗，哄骗 英 vt. ① to mislead by means of a petty trick or fraud ② to persuade or induce to do something by cajoling or wheedling ③ to obtain by deceit or persuasion vi. ④ to act deceitfully 同 cheat, deceive, defraud, delude, dupe, swindle, trick

deform [dɪ ˈfɔːrm]

中 vt. 毁形，使成畸形；使毁容 vi. 变形 英 vt. ① to spoil the natural form of, misshape ② to spoil the beauty or appearance of, disfigure vi. ③ to become deformed 同 blemish, disfigure, mar, spoil

vilify [ˈvɪlɪfaɪ]

中 vt. 污蔑，诋毁 英 to make vicious and defamatory statements about 同 rail, revile

concern [kənˈsɜːrn]

中 vt. 涉及，关于；影响到；使关心；使担心，使担忧 n. 重要的事；担心，挂念；顾虑；公司，企业 英 vt. ① to have to do with or relate to ② to be of interest or importance to ③ to engage the attention of ④ to cause anxiety or uneasiness in n. ⑤ a matter that relates to or affects one ⑥ regard for or interest in someone or something ⑦ a troubled or anxious state of mind arising from solicitude or interest ⑧ a business establishment or enterprise 同 affect, involve, trouble

implicate [ˈɪmplɪkeɪt]

中 vt. 涉及，牵连；暗指，意味着 英 ①to involve or connect intimately or incriminatingly ② to have as a consequence or an inference; imply 同 hint, indicate, reveal, signify, suggest

inundate [ˈɪnʌndeɪt]

中 vt. 淹没，泛滥；(洪水般) 扑来，压倒 英 ① to cover with water, especially floodwaters ② to overwhelm as if with a flood; swamp 同 deluge, drench, flood, overflow, overwhelm

prowl [praʊl]

中 vt. 潜行于...，在...搜寻 vi. (为捕猎等) 潜行，四处寻觅 n. 潜行 英 vt. ① to roam through stealthily, as in search of prey or plunder vi. ② to rove furtively or with predatory intent n. ③ the act or an instance of prowling 同 creep, lurk, rove, slink, sneak

scrawl [skrɔːl]

中 vt. 潦草地写 vi. 乱涂乱画 n. 潦草的字迹；潦草写成的东西 英 vt. ① to write hastily or illegibly vi. ② to write in a sprawling, irregular manner n. ③ irregular, often illegible handwriting ④ something, such as a note, written hastily or illegibly 同 scratch, scribble 【考点精析】Babble is to talk as scrawl is to write. 特殊与一般的关 系。"胡言乱语"对"说"相当于"潦草地写"对"写"。

scribble [ˈskrɪbl]

中 vt. 潦草地写下；胡写，乱画 vi. 草率地写或画 n. 潦草的字迹；没 有意义的记号和线条 英 vt. ① to write hurriedly without heed to legibility or style ② to cover with scribbles, doodles, or meaningless marks vi. ③ to write or draw in a hurried, careless way n. ④ careless, hurried writing ⑤ meaningless marks and lines 同 scratch, scrawl

provoke [prəˈvoʊk]

中 vt. 激怒，挑衅；煽动；引起，激起；招致 英 ① to incite to anger or resentment ② to stir to action or feeling ③ to give rise to; evoke ④ to bring about deliberately; induce 同 agitate, disturb, ignite, incite, inflame, irritate, kindle, rouse, stir up

stew [stuː]

中 vt. 炖 (食物) vi. 炖 n. 炖菜 英 vt. ① to cook (food) by simmering or boiling slowly ② to undergo cooking by boiling slowly or simmering n. ③ a dish cooked by stewing, especially a mixture of meat or fish and vegetables with stock

toast [toʊst]

中 vt. 烤 (面包等) vi. 烤 n. 吐司，烤面包片；干杯；祝酒；被敬酒的人 英 vt. ① to heat and brown (bread, for example) by placing in a toaster or an oven or close to a fire vi. ② to become toasted n. ③ sliced bread heated and browned ④ the act of raising a glass and drinking in honor of or to the health of a person or thing ⑤ a proposal to drink to someone or something or a speech given before the taking of such a drink ⑥ the one honored by a toast

fret [fret]

中 vt. 烦扰；啮蚀，腐蚀 vi. 烦躁 n. 烦躁；侵蚀处；恼怒 英 vt. ① to cause to be uneasy; vex ② to gnaw or wear away; erode vi. ③ to be vexed or troubled, worry n. ④ the act or an instance of fretting ⑤ a hole or worn spot made by abrasion or erosion ⑥ irritation of mind, agitation 同 bother, harass, irk, pester; annoyance, bother

illuminate [ɪ ˈluːmɪneɪt]

中 vt. 照明，照亮；以灯装饰；解释，说明；启发，阐释；使显赫，使辉 煌；装饰 vi. 被照亮，发光；启发 n. 具有 (或自称具有) 非凡见识的 人 英 vt. ① to provide or brighten with light ② to decorate or hang with lights ③ to make understandable, clarify ④ to enlighten intellectually or spiritually, enable to understand ⑤ to endow with fame or splendor, celebrate ⑥ to adorn (a page of a book, for example) with ornamental designs, miniatures, or lettering in brilliant colors or precious metals vi. ⑦ to become lighted, glow ⑧ to provide intellectual or spiritual enlightenment and understanding n. ⑨ one who has or professes to have an unusual degree of enlightenment 同 elucidate, highlight, lighten, make clear

devour [dɪ ˈvaʊər]

中 vt. 狼吞虎咽地吃；吞没，毁灭；贪婪地看 (或听、读等) 英 ① to eat up greedily ② to destroy, consume, or waste ③ to take in eagerly 同 consume, destroy, eat, ruin, swallow, waste

thrust [θrʌst]

中 vt. 猛推，冲；伸展；强加 vi. 插，塞，推 n. 猛推 英 vt. ① to push or drive quickly and forcibly ② to issue or extend ③ to include or interpolate improperly vi. ④ to shove something into or at something else; push n. ⑤ a forceful shove or push 同 drive, goad, press, prod, propel, shove

ponder [ˈpɑːndər]

中 vt. 琢磨，衡量 vi. 仔细考虑，沉思 英 vt. ① to weigh in the mind with thoroughness and care vi. ② to reflect or consider with thoroughness and care 同 contemplate, meditate, reflect

tug [tʌg]

中 vt. 用力拉；用力拖动 vi. 用力拉 n. 猛拉；强大的拉力；拖船，拖航 飞机，拖车 英 vt. ① to pull at vigorously ② to move by pulling with great effort or exertion vi. ③ to pull hard n. ④ a strong pull or pulling force ⑤ a land, air, or space vehicle that moves or tows other vehicles 同 draw, haul, jerk, pull, tow, yank

plunge [plʌndʒ]

中 vt. 用力插入，用力丢入；使突然陷入 vi. 投入，跳入；全心投入， 全神贯注 n. 投入，陷入 英 vt. ① to thrust or throw forcefully into a substance or place ② to cast suddenly, violently, or deeply into a given state or situation vi. ③ to fall or throw oneself into a substance or place ④ to throw oneself earnestly or wholeheartedly into an activity or a situation n. ⑤ the act or an instance of plunging

quell [kwel]

中 vt. 用武力平息，镇压；使平静 英 ① to put down forcibly; suppress ② to pacify; quiet 同 pacify, placate, soothe, suppress

verbalize [ˈvɜːrbəlaɪz]

中 vt. 用言辞表达 英 to express in words

rasp [ræsp]

中 vt. 用锉子锉；用刺耳的声音说；折磨 vi. 刮，用力地擦；发出刮擦 声 n. 锉 英 vt. ① to file or scrape with a coarse file having sharp projections ② to utter in a grating voice ③ to grate on (nerves or feelings) vi. ④ to scrape harshly; grate ⑤ to make a harsh, grating sound n. ⑥ the act of filing with a rasp 同 grate, scrape

embezzle [ɪmˈbezl]

中 vt. 盗用，侵占 英 to take (money, for example) for one's own use in violation of a trust

idolize [ˈaɪdəlaɪz]

中 vt. 盲目崇拜；把...当偶像崇拜 英 ① to regard with blind admiration or devotion ② to worship as an idol 同 revere, worship

discern [dɪ ˈsɜːrn]

中 vt. 看出，察觉出；理解，了解；识别，辨别 英 ① to perceive with the eyes or intellect, detect ② to recognize or comprehend mentally ③ to perceive or recognize as being different or distinct, distinguish 同 behold, detect, know, observe, perceive, realize, recognize, see, spot, spy, understand, view

deface [dɪ ˈfeɪs]

中 vt. 破坏外观；损坏 英 ① to mar or spoil the appearance or surface of ② to impair the usefulness, value, or influence of 同 blemish, deform, disfigure, mar

identify [aɪ ˈdentɪfaɪ]

中 vt. 确认，验明，鉴别；视...为 同一事物；认为与...有关系，使参与 vi. 认 同，一致 英 vt. ① to ascertain the origin, nature, or definitive characteristics of ② to consider as identical or united, equate ③ to associate or affiliate (oneself) closely with a person or group vi. ④ to establish an identification with another or others 同 designate, distinguish, recognize

idiot [ˈɪdiət]

中 vt. 确认，验明，鉴别；视...为 同一事物；认为与...有关系，使参与 vi. 认 同，一致 英 vt. ① to ascertain the origin, nature, or definitive characteristics of ② to consider as identical or united, equate ③ to associate or affiliate (oneself) closely with a person or group vi. ④ to establish an identification with another or others 同 designate, distinguish, recognize

polish [ˈpɑːlɪʃ]

中 vt. 磨光，擦亮；除去稻壳；使精炼，润饰 vi. 磨光，擦亮 n. 光滑， 光亮；磨光，擦亮 英 vt. ① to make smooth and shiny by rubbing or chemical action ② to remove the outer layers from (grains of rice) by rotation in drums ③ to free from coarseness; refine vi. ④ to become smooth or shiny by or as if by being rubbed n. ⑤ smoothness or shininess of surface or finish ⑥ the act or process of polishing 同 buff, burnish, shine, varnish, wax

sift [sɪft]

中 vt. 筛分；选拔，精选；撒 vi. (用筛子) 筛，过滤 英 ① to put (flour, for example) through a sieve or other straining device in order to separate the fine from the coarse particles ② to distinguish as if separating with a sieve ③ to apply by scattering with or as if with a sieve vi. ④ to make use of a sieve

usurp [juːˈzɜːrp]

中 vt. 篡夺；非法抢占 英 ① to seize and hold (the power or rights of another, for example) by force and without legal authority ② to take over or occupy without right 同 control, hold, seize, take over

splice [splaɪs]

中 vt. 粘接，胶接；绞接，捻接 n. 连接；胶接处，粘接处 英 vt. ① to join (film, for example) at the ends ② to join (ropes, for example) by interweaving strands n. ③ a joining by splicing ④ a place where parts have been spliced 【考点精析】Splicing is to splitting as fusion is to fission. 横向反义关 系，纵向同义关系。

constrict [kənˈstrɪkt]

中 vt. 紧缩；挤压；限制，收缩 vi. 变得收缩 英 vt. ① to make smaller or narrower by binding or squeezing ② to squeeze or compress ③ to restrict the scope or freedom of vi. ④ to become constricted 同 compress, contract, press, squeeze

rectify [ˈrektɪfaɪ]

中 vt. 纠正；校正 英 ① to set right; correct ② to correct by calculation or adjustment 同 adjust, amend, correct, remedy

scrutinize [ˈskruːtənaɪz]

中 vt. 细看，仔细检查 英 to examine or observe with great care; inspect critically 同 examine, inspect, review

peruse [pəˈruːz]

中 vt. 细读，细察，仔细研究 英 to read or examine, typically with great care 同 examine, inspect, review, study

weave [wiːv]

中 vt. 织 (布)；编织；编造 英 ① to make (cloth) by interlacing the threads of the weft and the warp on a loom ② to construct by interlacing or interweaving strips or strands of material ③ to contrive (something complex or elaborate) in this way

twist [twɪst]

中 vt. 绕，卷；弯曲地走 (路)；使成螺旋状；使变形，扭曲 英 ① to wind or coil (vines or rope, for example) about something ② to make (one's way) in a tortuous manner ③ to impart a spiral or coiling shape to, as by turning the ends in opposite directions ④ to alter the normal aspect of 同 coil, wind, twirl, wind

tinge [tɪndʒ]

中 vt. 给...着色 n. 淡色，浅色 英 vt. ① to apply a trace of color to n. ② a small amount of a color incorporated or added 同 color, dye, shade, stain, tint

survey [ˈsɜːrveɪ]

中 vt. 综览；审视，细察；测量；对...进行数据调查 vi. 进行调查 n. 细 察，详细的调查 英 vt. ① to examine or look at in a comprehensive way ② to inspect carefully; scrutinize ③ to determine the boundaries, area, or elevations of (land or structures on the Earth's surface) by means of measuring angles and distances, using the techniques of geometry and trigonometry ④ to conduct a statistical survey on vi. ⑤ to make a survey n. ⑥ a detailed inspection or investigation

truncate [ˈtrʌŋkeɪt]

中 vt. 缩短，截短 英 to shorten by or as if by cutting off 同 abbreviate, curtail, shorten

shrug [ʃrʌg]

中 vt. 耸 (肩) vi. 耸肩 n. 耸肩 英 vt. ① to raise (the shoulders), especially as a gesture of doubt, disdain, or indifference vi. ② to raise the shoulders, especially as a gesture of doubt, disdain, or indifference n. ③ an expressive gesture of raising the shoulders

salute [səˈluːt]

中 vt. 致敬，问候；向...行军礼 vi. 敬礼 n. 问候，致敬；欢迎，敬礼 英 vt. ① to greet or address with an expression of welcome, goodwill, or respect ② to recognize (a superior) with a gesture prescribed by military regulations, as by raising the hand to the cap vi. ③ to make a gesture of greeting or respect n. ④ an act of greeting; a salutation ⑤ an act or a gesture of welcome, honor, or courteous recognition

procure [prəˈkjʊr]

中 vt. 获得，取得；实现，完成 英 ① to get by special effort; obtain or acquire ② to bring about; effect 同 achieve, acquire, bring about, effect, obtain

stash [stæʃ]

中 vt. 藏匿 n. 隐藏处 英 vt. ① to hide or store away in a secret place n. ② a store or cache of money or valuables 同 cache, hoard

persecute [ˈpɜːrsɪkjuːt]

中 vt. 虐待，残害，迫害；一直困扰 英 ① to oppress or harass with ill-treatment, especially because of race, religion, sexual orientation, or beliefs ② to annoy persistently, bother 同 annoy, bother, harass, oppress

liberate [ˈlɪbəreɪt]

中 vt. 解放；【化】释出；<俚>劫掠 英 ① to set free, as from oppression, confinement, or foreign control ② Chemistry. to release (a gas, for example) from combination ③ Slang. to obtain by illegal means, as by looting 同 free, release

extricate [ˈekstrɪkeɪt]

中 vt. 解救，解脱 英 to release from an entanglement or difficulty 同 disembarrass, disencumber, disentangle, untangle

decipher [dɪ ˈsaɪfər]

中 vt. 解读，破译；破解 (密码等) 英 ① to read or interpret (ambiguous, obscure, or illegible matter) ② to convert from a code or cipher to plain text 同 explain, figure out, solve 【考点精析】Decipher is to code as explain is to mystery. 动宾关系。破 译密码，解释神秘。

illustrate [ˈɪləstreɪt]

中 vt. 解释，举例说明；为...作图解 vi. 举例说明 英 vt. ① to clarify, as by use of examples or comparisons ② to provide (a publication) with explanatory or decorative features vi. ③ to present a clarification, an example, or an explanation 同 clarify, demonstrate, explain, present

dismiss [dɪsˈmɪs]

中 vt. 解雇，免职；打发走 英 ① to end the employment or service of ② to direct or allow to leave 同 expel, send away 【考点精析】Impeach is to dismiss as arraign is to indict. 同义关系。

ratify [ˈrætɪfaɪ]

中 vt. 认可，批准 英 to approve and give formal sanction to; confirm 同 accept, accredit, affirm, approve, authorize, confirm, endorse, favor, sanction, support

justify [ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ]

中 vt. 论证或证明...正当、正确或有效 英 to demonstrate or prove to be just, right, or valid 同 ascertain, confirm, corroborate

confirm [kənˈfɜːrm]

中 vt. 证实；坚定，加强；批准，认可；给...施坚信礼 英 ① to support or establish the certainty or validity of, verify ② to make firmer, strengthen ③ to make valid or binding by a formal or legal act, ratify ④ to administer the religious rite of confirmation to 同 accredit, advocate, approve, ascertain, authorize, corroborate, encourage, endorse, favor, ratify, sanction

confinement [kənˈfaɪnmənt]

中 vt. 证实；坚定，加强；批准，认可；给...施坚信礼 英 ① to support or establish the certainty or validity of, verify ② to make firmer, strengthen ③ to make valid or binding by a formal or legal act, ratify ④ to administer the religious rite of confirmation to 同 accredit, advocate, approve, ascertain, authorize, corroborate,encourage, endorse, favor, ratify, sanction

swindle [ˈswɪndl]

中 vt. 诈骗；通过欺骗获得 vi. 诈取钱财 n. 诈骗，诈取 英 vt. ① to cheat or defraud of money or property ② to obtain by fraudulent means vi. ③ to practice fraud as a means of obtaining money or property n. ④ the act or an instance of swindling 同 cheat, deceive, defraud, delude, dupe, fraud, mislead, trick; cheat, fraud, trick

denigrate [ˈdenɪgreɪt]

中 vt. 诋毁，污蔑；贬低 英 ① to attack the character or reputation of, speak ill of ② to disparage 同 asperse, belittle, besmirch, calumniate, defame, derogate, minimize,slander,smear, smirch, sully

recount [rɪ ˈkaʊnt]

中 vt. 详细叙述；列举 英 ① to narrate the facts or particulars of ② to enumerate 同 describe, enumerate, narrate

tempt [tempt]

中 vt. 诱惑，怂恿，引诱；吸引；冒险做；使很想做 vi. 有吸引力 英 vt. ① to try to get (someone) to do wrong, especially by a promise of reward ② to be inviting or attractive to ③ to provoke or to risk provoking ④ to cause to be strongly disposed vi. ⑤ to be attractive or inviting 同 allure, attract, beguile, bewitch, cajole, captivate, charm, coax, entice, lure, wheedle

deplore [dɪ ˈplɔːr]

中 vt. 谴责，指责；痛惜，悲叹；对...深感遗憾 英 ① to feel or express strong disapproval of ② to express sorrow or grief over ③ to regret 同 lament, moan, mourn, regret, remorse

condescend [ˌkɑːndɪ ˈsend]

中 vt. 谴责，责备；宣判，判刑；宣告...不适用 英 ① to express strong disapproval of ② to pronounce judgment against, sentence ③ to judge or declare to be unfit for use or consumption, usually by official order 同 accuse, blame, censure, chide, complain, denounce, scold

reproach [rɪ ˈproʊtʃ]

中 vt. 责备，指摘；使丢脸，使蒙羞 n. 责备，指摘；受责备者；丢脸， 羞耻 英 vt. ① to express disapproval of, criticism of, or disappointment in (someone) ② to bring shame upon; disgrace n. ③ blame or rebuke for something one has done ④ one that causes rebuke or blame ⑤ disgrace; shame 同 accuse, blame, censure, condemn, denounce, deplore, reprimand; blame, censure, reprimand

scold [skoʊld]

中 vt. 责骂 vi. 谩骂 n. 喜谩骂的人 英 vt. ① to reprimand or criticize harshly and usually angrily vi. ② to reprove or criticize openly n. ③ one who persistently nags or criticizes 同 accuse, blame, censure, condemn, criticize, denounce, deplore, reprimand, reproach, reprove

vend [vend]

中 vt. 贩卖；叫卖，(尤指) 沿街叫卖 英 ① to sell by means of a vending machine ② to sell, especially by peddling 同 hawk, merchandise, peddle, retail, sell

glorify [ˈglɔːrɪfaɪ]

中 vt. 赞美；使增色，美化；崇拜 英 ① to give glory, honor, or high praise to; exalt ② to cause to be or seem more glorious or excellent than is actually the case ③ to give glory to, especially through worship 同 ennoble, exalt, extol, honor, laud, praise, worship

release [rɪ ˈliːs]

中 vt. 赦免，释放；松开，解开；免除职务，解雇；公开，发布 n. 赦免， 释放；公开，发布，发行 英 vt. ① to set free from confinement, restraint, or bondage ② to free from something that binds, fastens, or holds back; let go ③ to dismiss, as from a job ④ to make known or available n. ⑤ a deliverance or liberation, as from confinement, restraint, or suffering; an authoritative discharge, as from an obligation or from prison ⑥ the act or an instance of issuing something for publication, use, or distribution LIST 23 MP3-23

expel [ɪkˈspel]

中 vt. 赶走，驱逐；排出；除名，开除 英 ① to force or drive out ② to discharge from or as if from a receptacle ③ to force to leave, deprive of membership 同 banish, discharge, dismiss, dispose of, eject, eliminate, get rid of, oust, remove

surpass [sərˈpæs]

中 vt. 超越，胜过；非...所能办到 英 ① to be beyond the limit, powers, or capacity of; transcend ② to be or go beyond, as in degree or quality; exceed 同 exceed, excel, overstep, transcend

violate [ˈvaɪəleɪt]

中 vt. 违反，违犯；亵渎 (圣物等) 英 ① to break or disregard (a law or promise, for example) ② to do harm to (property or qualities considered sacred) 同 break, infringe, trespass

uproot [ˌʌpˈruːt]

中 vt. 连根拔起；根除，灭绝；赶走，把...赶出家园 英 ① to pull up (a plant and its roots) from the ground ② to destroy or remove completely ③ to force to leave an accustomed or native location 同 eradiate, erase, extract, pull out, remove upset 中 [ˌʌpˈset] vt. 使翻倒，使颠覆；打乱，搅乱 adj. 心烦意乱的 [ˈʌpset] n. 翻倒，颠覆；心烦意乱 英 vt. ① to cause to turn or tip over ② to disturb the functioning, order, or course of adj. ③ in a state of emotional or mental distress n. ④ the act of upsetting or the condition of being upset ⑤ a disturbance, disorder, or state of agitation 同 agitate, depress, disturb; depressed, dismal, morose, sullen

fascinate [ˈfæsɪneɪt]

中 vt. 迷住，强烈地吸引 vi. 迷人 英 vt. ① to hold an intense interest or attraction for vi. ② to be irresistibly charming or attractive 同 attract, charm, intoxicate

deliver [dɪ ˈlɪvər]

中 vt. 递送，运送；交付，移交；发表，讲；释放，解放 英 ①to bring or transport to the proper place or recipient ②to surrender (someone or something) to another ③ to express in words, declare or utter ④ to set free, as from misery, peril, or evil 同 communicate, consign, express, free, give, hand over, liberate, pass, recite, relate, release, rescue, say, transfer

inform [ɪnˈfɔːrm]

中 vt. 通知，告知；赋予...特征 vi. 通知，提供信息 英 vt. ① to impart information to; make aware of something ② to give form or character to; imbue with a quality or an essence vi. ③ to give or provide information 同 acquaint, apprise, notify

disdain [dɪsˈdeɪn]

中 vt. 鄙视，鄙弃；不屑 n. 鄙视，蔑视 英 vt. ① to regard or treat with haughty contempt ② to consider or reject as beneath oneself n. ③ a feeling or show of contempt and aloofness, scorn 同 despise, reject, scorn, spurn 【考点精析】Disdain is to sneer as fear is to cringe. 动作及其情感表达的关系。"讥笑"表达"鄙视"，"退缩"表达"害怕"。

pluck [plʌk]

中 vt. 采，摘，拔；拔...的毛发或羽毛；突然地扯 vi. 拉，扯 n. 采，摘， 拔；勇气，胆量；(动物的) 内脏 英 vt. ① to remove or detach by grasping and pulling abruptly with the fingers; pick ② to pull out the hair or feathers of ③ to give an abrupt pull to, tug at vi. ④ to give an abrupt pull; tug n. ⑤ the act or an instance of plucking ⑥ resourceful courage and daring in the face of difficulties, spirit ⑦ the heart, liver, windpipe, and lungs of a slaughtered animal plum 中 n. 李树；李子 英 ① any of several shrubs or small trees of the genus Prunus, bearing smooth-skinned, fleshy, edible fruit with a single hard-shelled stone that encloses the seed ② the fruit of any of these trees 【考点精析】Grape is to vine as plum is to tree. 位置关系。"葡萄"长 在"葡萄藤"上，"李子"长在李子"树"上。

smite [smaɪt]

中 vt. 重打，猛击；击败，毁灭 vi. 重击 英 ① to inflict a heavy blow on, with or as if with the hand, a tool, or a weapon ② to attack, damage or destroy by or as if by blows vi. ③ to deal a blow with or as if with the hand or a hand-held weapon 同 blow, strike

misinterpret [ˌmɪsɪnˈtɜːrprɪt]

中 vt. 错误地理解；错误地解释 英 ① to interpret inaccurately ② to explain inaccurately 同 misunderstand

thwart [θwɔːrt]

中 vt. 阻止，阻碍 n. (船上的) 横座板，划手座 adj. 横放的，横着的 英 vt. ① to prevent the occurrence, realization, or attainment of n. ② a seat across a boat on which a rower may sit adj. ③ extending, lying, or passing across; transverse 同 deter, frustrate, hamper, hinder, prevent

frustrate [ˈfrʌstreɪt]

中 vt. 阻碍，妨碍；挫败，使丧气；使无效 英 ① to prevent from accomplishing a purpose or fulfilling a desire, thwart ② to cause feelings of discouragement or bafflement in ③ to make ineffectual or invalid, nullify 同 baffle, defeat, foil, thwart

confine [kənˈfaɪn]

中 vt. 限制；禁闭；限制行动 英 the act of confining or the state of being confined ① to keep within bounds ② to shut or keep in, especially to imprison ③ to restrict in movement 同 bound, circumscribe, define, limit, refrain, restrict

preclude [prɪ ˈkluːd]

中 vt. 预防；排除 英 ① to make impossible, as by action taken in advance ② to exclude or prevent (someone) from a given condition or activity 同 bar, deter, exclude, forbid, prevent, prohibit, shut out

dissipate [ˈdɪsɪpeɪt]

中 vt. 驱散，使散开；使消失；挥霍，浪费 vi. 消散，消失；放荡，耽于玩乐 英 vt. ① to drive away, disperse ② to attenuate to or almost to the point of disappearing ③ to spend or expend intemperately or wastefully vi. ④ to vanish by dispersion ⑤ to indulge in the intemperate pursuit of pleasure 同 dispel, disperse, scatter, spread, squander, waste

disperse [dɪ ˈspɜːrs]

中 vt. 驱散，解散；传播，散发 英 ① to drive off or scatter in different directions ② to strew or distribute widely 同 dissipate, dispel, distribute, scatter, spread 【考点精析】Disperse is to crowd as dissolve is to clot. 动宾搭配。驱散 人群，消除凝块。并且，两个动词都有"使消散"的意思。

extol [ɪkˈstoʊl]

中 vt. 高度赞扬 英 to praise highly 同 compliment, exalt, glorify, laud, praise extract 中 [ɪkˈstrækt] vt. 用力拔出；设法获得；榨出，提取；摘录，选用；演 绎，推论；【数】开 (方)，求 (根) [ˈekstrækt] n. 摘录，选粹；提取物，汁 英 vt. ① to draw or pull out, using great force or effort ② to obtain despite resistance ③ to obtain from a substance by chemical or mechanical action, as by pressure, distillation, or evaporation ④ to remove for separate consideration or publication ⑤ to deduce (a principle or doctrine); construe (a meaning) ⑥ to determine or calculate (the root of a number) n. ⑦ something extracted, especially a passage from a literary work; an excerpt ⑧ a concentrated preparation of the essential constituents of a food, flavoring, or other substance 同 educe; excerpt 数学- 开方

encourage [ɪnˈkɜːrɪdʒ]

中 vt. 鼓舞，鼓励；支持；促进，助长 英 ① to inspire with hope, courage, or confidence ② to give support to ③ to stimulate, spur 同 cheer, embolden, hearten, inspire, inspirit, promote, sponsor, support, urge 【考点精析】Encourage is to demand as suggest is to order. 程度关系。"要求"比"鼓励"程度深，"命令"比"建议"程度深。

joey [ˈdʒoʊi]

中 幼兽，(尤指) 幼袋鼠 英 a young animal, especially a baby kangaroo

decline [dɪ ˈklaɪn]

中vi. 委婉拒绝；向下倾斜；逐渐恶化；衰退，衰落 vt. 婉辞，谢绝；使向下倾斜或弯曲 n.衰退，衰落；下降；斜坡 英 vi. ① to express polite refusal ② to slope downward ③ to deteriorate gradually, fail ④ to draw to a gradual close, wane vt. ⑤to refuse politely ⑥ to cause to slope or bend downward n. ⑦ the process or result of declining, especially a gradual deterioration ⑧ a downward movement ⑨ a downward slope, a declivity 同 fail, fall, refuse, reject, run dow n, sink, slant, weaken; descent, slope 【考点精析】Decline is to reject as acquiesce is to agree. 近义关系。"委婉拒绝"对"拒绝"，相当于"默许"对"同意"。并且，在纵向上，"委婉拒绝"和"默许"都是很委婉的表达方式。

energetic [ˌenərˈdʒetɪk]

考点精析】Energetic is to spiritless as graceful is to clumsy. 反义关 系。"充满活力的"和"无精打采的"是反义词，"优雅的"与"笨拙 的"是反义词。