World Geography U 7 Jennings
How many scattered island make up the Maldives?
1,200
How long are the Himalayas?
1,500 miles
Cyclones bring torrential rains and very fast winds. How fast can these winds blow?
100 miles an hour
How many atolls with barrier reefs are the Maldives grouped in?
13
When was modern Nepal founded?
1769
When did the British start to control Sri Lanka?
1815
When did the Maldives stop switching hands between Britain and Portugal?
1887
When did India gain its independence?
1947
When did Sri Lanka gain its independence?
1948
When did the Maldives gain their independence from Britain?
1965
When did the Chhukha project start?
1980
How much rainfall does the central southern subcontinent receive?
20 to 40 inches annually
When was Bhutan's first election held?
2008
How tall is K2?
28,250 feet
How tall is Mount Everest?
29,028 feet tall
When was Sri Lanka first settled? Who settled it?
400 BC; the Sinhalese
What is the area of the Ganges River Basin?
400,000 square miles
How tall is Mount Pidurutagala?
8,281 feet tall
How much rainfall does the humid subtropical zone of India receive annually?
80 inches
When did the Buddhist Monks fleeing Tibet arrive in Bhutan?
800 BCE
Which country had control over Maldives after 1887?
Britain
Starting in the 1500's, the Maldives switched hands between two countries. What are these two countries?
Britain and Portugal
Who were the first inhabitants of Bhutan?
Buddhist Monks fleeing Tibet
What was Sri Lanka called in 1948?
Ceylon
Britain had divided India into two sections. What are the names of these two sections?
Hindu India and Muslim Pakistan
What are some large mammals in India?
Indian elephants, Indian rhinoceroses, several subspecies of tiger, a large population of monkeys, birds (such as cranes), herons, flamingos, and peacocks
Where did the term "tsunami" come from?
Japan
What is the second tallest mountain in the world?
K2
Who led the peaceful protests in India?
Mohandas K. Gandhi
What is the tallest mountain in the world? It is located in the Himalayas.
Mount Everest
What is Sri Lanka's highest point?
Mount Pidurutagala
What are Gurkhas?
Nepal's skilled and disciplined soldiers
The Himalayas act as a natural border. What does it divide?
South Asia from the rest of Asia
After much conflict, what is Nepal's government form today?
a constitutional monarchy
What kind of climate does the Central Highlands of Sri Lanka have?
a cooler climate than the lowlands
What is an atoll?
a coral reef formed at the edge of a volcano that has sunk beneath the ocean
What kind of climate does the Higher Mountains have?
a highland climate with cool temperature
What is a tsunami?
a huge sea wave caused by an undersea earthquake
What kind of climate does the Tarai in Nepal and the lowlands of Bhutan have?
a humid subtropical climate
What kind of climate does the Maldives have?
a humid subtropical climate with a hot monsoon season and a dry season
What is a subcontinent?
a large landmass that is part of a continent, but still distinct from it
What created the Himalayas, the world's highest mountains?
a large piece of landmass that broke off of Asia 160 million years ago; it collided with the southern edge of Asia 50 million years ago
What kind of vegetation does Sri Lanka have?
a mix of rain forest, deciduous, and upland grasslands for vegetation
What did the British East India Company eventually employ?
a policy of mercantalism
What did the Aryans create?
a rigid social structure based on castes
What are cyclones?
a storm with heavy rains and high winds that blow in a circular pattern around an area of low atmospheric pressure
Because the Himalayas separate South Asia and Asia, what is created?
a subcontinent
What kind of climate does the lower hills and mountains have?
a warm temperate climate with summer rain and dry winters
What kind of climate do areas above 16,000 feet have?
a year round arctic climate
Where do the Maldives get their water from, and why do they get water from this source?
aquifers because it has no rivers
Where is the Deccan Plateau located?
between the eastern and western Gnats
What are Nepal's mineral resources?
coal, iron ore, copper, and limestone
What kind of plants grow on the islands of the Maldives?
coconut palms and breadfruit trees
What did the British develop Sri Lanka's economy in?
coffee, tea, rubber, and coconuts
Regarding the colony and the colonizing country, what happened in mercantilism?
colonies supplied raw materials to the colonizing country, which then sold finished goods back to the colony
What kind of vegetation is present in the mountains?
conifer forests
What kind of government does Bhutan have?
constitutional monarchy
What kind of vegetation covers the lower hills?
deciduous forests
What kind of government is Maldives now?
democratic republic
What is most of the vegetation in the Thar Desert like?
desert scrub with low, thorny trees and grasses
What does the name "dwars" mean?
doors; this gave the name to the plains
What are the mountains within the Dwars Plains called?
dwars
How tall is the highest point in Maldives?
eight feet above sea level
What kind of animals roam the lowlands?
elephants, rhinoceroses, deer, and tigers
What kind of wildlife does Sri Lanka have?
elephants, sloth bears, buffalo, and a variety of birds
How many climate zones does Nepal and Bhutan have?
four
How many geographic zones does Bhutan have?
four
How many geographic zones does Nepal have?
four
What is Sri Lanka a major producer of?
graphite; it is used to make the "lead" in pencils
What is the vegetation like above 15,000 feet of elevation?
grasses cover the land
What are cyclones very similar to?
hurricanes of the Atlantic
How does Bhutan make use of its rivers?
hydroelectric power
What language does the word "raj" come from, and what does it mean?
it comes from Hindu; it is the word for empire
What is Sri Lanka's second region like?
it is a plain that covers most of the island
What is Sri Lanka's first region like and where is it located?
it is a triangle shaped mountain range in the south central part of the island called the Central Highlands
What is the terrain and elevation of Bangladesh like?
it is very low and flat, and only reaches 30 feet above sea level
When does the Mahawei swell, and what is it used for?
it swells during the rainy season, and is used for irrigating farms
What is the Maldives' most precious resource? What businesses does it provide?
its natural beauty; it provides tourism and fishing
What affects the amount of rain monsoons bring?
landforms and location
Does India have a large or small variety of animals?
large
How much rainfall does Northwest India's desert areas receive?
less than 20 inches annually
Where was the Indus Valley Civilization located?
modern day Pakistan
What causes the Ganges to swell and flood its banks in the summer?
monsoons
How large are the islands that make up the Maldives?
no bigger than five square miles
Do the Tamils live in the north or south?
north
Where is the Khyber Pass?
northwest Pakistan along the border of Afghanistan
How much of India is forest?
one fourth
How far back does India's history date?
over 4,500 years ago to the Indus Valley Civilization
What kind of government does Sri Lanka have, and how did it get this way?
parliamentary form of government; many civil wars between the Tamils and Sinhalese
How did India gain its independence?
peaceful protests
What is the national bird of India?
peacocks
What do monsoons create?
rainfall dividing distinct wet and dry seasons
What kind of vegetation does the Deccan Plateau have?
semi-arid steppe vegetation
Do the Sinhalese live in the north or south?
south
What kind of vegetation does the central southern subcontinent have?
steppe, covered largely in scrub, acacia, and palm trees
When did the Europeans arrive in India to trade?
the 1490's
What year were the Narayans overthrown?
the 1950's
After the Indus Valley Civilization, which group occupied India? How long did this group occupy India?
the Aryans, a group of hunter gatherers; until 2,000 BC
While Britain ruled over India, what did they call India?
the British Raj
Which armies did the Gurkhas serve in?
the British and Indian armies
What is an example of Bhutan taking advantage of its rivers for hydroelectric power?
the Chhukha project
What is the center of India called?
the Deccan Plateau
What are the names of the two rivers in Bangladesh according to the west?
the Ganges and Brahmaputra
What are the names of the three rivers sourced by the Himalayas?
the Ganges, the Brahmaputra, and the Indus
What lies at the foot of the Himalayas?
the Gangetic Plain
What are the three different regions of the Himalayas called?
the Greater Himalaya to the north, the Lesser Himalaya in the center, and the Outer Himalaya to the south
What happens when rain sweeps across the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta?
the Himalayas block the rain clouds from moving north; instead, they soak the Gangetic Plains
What is the Ganges River named after?
the Hindu Deity Ganga; the river is very sacred to the Hindus
Pakistan lies to the northwestern edge of South Asia. What lies to the north of it?
the Hindu Kush and Karakorum Ranges
What river lies in the eastern portion of Pakistan?
the Indus River
What river valley lies in the eastern portion of Pakistan?
the Indus River Valley
Which mountain range is K2 located in?
the Karakorum Range
Where is the only place you can pass through the Hindu Kush and Karakorum Mountains?
the Khyber Pass
What are the chief rivers that run through Nepal and Baghmati?
the Kosi, the Gandak, and the Karnall
What river is the longest of many in Sri Lanka?
the Mahawei
What was also founded in 1769?
the Narayan dynasty
What are the two rivers in Bangladesh called in their own country?
the Padma and Jamuna
What two alluvial plains does the Indus River Valley form, and where are they located?
the Punjab in the north, and the Sind in the south
Who settled in Sri Lanka after the Sinhalese?
the Tamil people
What are the four geographic zones of Nepal?
the Tarai Plain, the Churia, the Mahabharata, and the Greater Himalaya
What is the driest area of India?
the Thar Desert
What are the main rivers of Bhutan?
the Torsa, the Raidak, the Sankosh, and the Manas
What are the Aryan's sacred writings called?
the Vedas
What divides India into the northern and southern regions?
the Vidhya and Satpura Ranges
What is imperialism?
the actions by which one country is able to extend power to control another country
In India, what does the type of vegetation depend on?
the amount of rainfall
What creates monsoons?
the difference in air temperature over the landmass and the Indian Ocean
What is the heartland of India called in terms of climate?
the humid subtropical zone
What are the Vedas a basis for?
the jati and the Hindu religion
What is the Gangetic Plain?
the longest alluvial plain in the world; it is also India's most densely populated area
What are the four geographic zones of Bhutan?
the narrow lowlands called Dwars Plains, the Lesser Himalaya, the Greater Himalaya, and the Black Mountain Range
Where is Bangladesh located?
the northeastern edge of South Asia
Where are Nepal and Bhutan located?
the northern fringes of South Asia within the Himalayas
What three things affect India's climate?
the shape of the subcontinent, the proximity to the equator, and the Indian Ocean
What is a caste, otherwise known as a jati?
the social position into which a person is born
Why does South Asia fall victim to many types of natural disasters?
the temperature fluctuation on the Indian subcontinent, and the proximity to the volatile Indian Ocean
What is mercantilism?
the theory or practice of merchant or trading pursuits
What did the Narayan dynasty isolate Nepal from?
the world
What do the Kosi, Gandak, and Karnall rivers have in common?
they are all tributaries to the Ganges
What is the relationship between the Sinhalese and Tamil people?
they are rivals
What do the Torsa, Raidak, Sankosh, and Manas rivers all have in common?
they are tributaries to the Brahmaputra
How many major river systems do the Himalayas source?
three
How many regions are the Himalayas broken up into?
three
Where is the Thar Desert in relation to the Indus River?
to the east of it
What kind of forests does the heartland of India have?
tropical evergreen and mixed evergreen deciduous forests
What kind of fish live around the Maldives?
tropical fish live in the coral reefs, while rune and sea turtles swim in deeper waters
What kind of vegetation covers the lowlands?
tropical forests
Sri Lanka is an island with how many regions?
two
What does the Indus River Valley form?
two alluvial plains
What kind of climate does Sri Lanka have?
warm temperatures in the lowlands year round