World History - Chapter 16.1 - The Rise of Modern Science

1. Who is known as the "Father of Anatomy"? 2. The "Father of Modern Chemistry"? 3. The "Father of Microbiology"?

1. Andreas Vesalius 2. Robert Boyle 3. Anton van Leeuwenhock

1. What English philosopher contributed more to the scientific progress of mankind than any other individual? 2. Name some of the laws he discovered.

1. Isaac Newton 2. a. The universal law of gravitation b. The three laws of motion

1. Who pioneered the science of taxonomy? 2. What idea did he originate? 3. Who later expanded his work?

1. John Ray 2. The idea of species--distant kinds of animals or plants 3. Carolus Linnaeus

1. How was ancient and medieval science limited? 2. What effect did the Bible have on Post-Reformation science?

1. Most people never understood the forces and laws of nature established by God; instead, they either worshiped nature itself as a god or fearfully held superstitions toward it 2. Only God's direct revelation through His Word could show man the true nature of the universe and give him the foundational truths necessary for science

1. What was the first permanent scientific society of the Modern Age? 2. Name some of its early members. 3. What scientific society was founded in Paris in 1666? 4. What two groups supported it?

1. The Royal Society 2. a. Isaac Newton b. Robert Hooke c. Robert Boyle d. Christopher Wren 3. The French Academy of Science 4. The Protestant Huguenots and the Jansenists

1. What is the heliocentric view of the universe? 2. Who discovered it?

1. The idea that the planets, including the earth, revolve around the sun, and that the earth is not a motionless body about which everything else in the universe moves 2. Nicolaus Copernicus

1. Name three prominent Frenchmen from the Post-Reformation era of science. 2. What were some of their accomplishments?

1. a. Pierre Vernier invented an accurate scale for measuring lines and angles b. Rene Descartes developed analytical geometry and worked in several other scientific fields c. Blaise Pascal invented a calculating device that was a predecessor to modern calculators

1. Briefly describe the three laws of planetary motion. 2. Who discovered them?

1. a. The first law states that planets orbit the sun in oval-shaped paths called ellipses b. The second law explains why a planet moves faster when it is closer to the sun c. The third explains the relation between the time it takes a planet to orbit the sun and its distance from the sun 2. Johannes Kepler

1. Briefly describe the law of uniform acceleration and the laws of the pendulum. 2. Who discovered them?

1. a. The law of uniform acceleration states that the speed of any body, regardless of weight, falling in a vacuum accelerates uniformly with time b. The laws of the pendulum explain the relationship between the time it takes a freely swinging mass to travel in its arc and the distance between the mass and its connecting point 2. Galileo Gahilei

Who formulated the modern scientific method?

Francis Bacon

What were scientists called during the Post-Reformation Era?

Natural philosophers

Who wrote the first great English science book?

William Gilbert