World History Quiz 1, Unit 2 - The English Revolution - Mr. Gaffney's Class

Lord Protector of England

1653 Oliver Cromwell became known as this when making England a Commonwealth

Theocracy

A government controlled by religious leaders

Commonwealth

A government in which the sovereignty is given to the people.

Monarchy

A government ruled by a king or queen

The Puritans were followers of the German theologian, John Calvin. Calvinists often followed an extremely disciplined life style.

False

William III allowed Parliament to handle all foreign affairs.

False

Stuarts

(Stuart Dynasty)- the family that ruled England after Queen Elizabeth 1 (Tutor) died with no heir, started with James I of Scotland (always feuded with Parliament over debts and money)

Roundheads

Opponents of Charles I led by Cromwell.

Whigs

Party wanting powerful Parliament under Charles II

Tories

Party wanting strong English king under Charles II

Calvinists

Puritans' and Presbyterians' religious belief

Spanish Armada (1588)

Spanish fleet defeated in the English Channel in 1588. The defeat of the Armada marked the beginning of the decline of the Spanish Empire.

Anglicans

The Church of England, or a member of the Church of England.

The executive

The head of state managing the administrative affairs of a nation.

Ironsides/ new model army

The nickname for Cromwell's troops based on their military discipline and their faith.

Act of Toleration 1689

This act protected non-Anglican Protestants and allowed them to worship freely, thus ending the years of persecution and prejudice.

Calvinists in Great Britain were usually part of the growing middle class.

True

Sir Robert Walpole is recognized as the first prime minister of England

True

The Habeas Corpus Act assured trial within twenty days.

True

The Puritans were Calvinists who wanted to remain in the Church of England, but they wanted either to eliminate or to purify the ceremonies, doctrines, and rituals carried over from Roman Catholicism.

True

Henry VIII of England

Tudor King of England who launched the English Reformation because the Roman Catholic Church opposed his actions of divorcing Catherine of Aragon and marrying Anne Boleyn. Also: severed ties with Rome and allowed the Bible to be printed in English legally for the first time.

In the 1500s, Parliament had very limited power under the

Tudors

Which of the following classes was NOT represented in Parliament?

Working Class

James II was a zealous supporter of which religion?

Catholicism

Divine Right of Kings

Doctrine that states that the right of ruling comes from God and not people's consent

Presbyters

Elders in the Presbyterian Church.

Tudor

English royal family, dynasty founded by Henry VII; includes some of England's most influential monarchs; Elizabeth

England was changed into an absolute monarchy by 1698.

False

Parliment

the lawmaking branch of the British government

Cromwell, Oliver

BR general, member of Parliament, and revolutionay who ruled as Lord Protector without king during the mid-1600s

Cavaliers

In the English Civil War (1642-1647), these were the troops loyal to Charles II. Their opponents were the Roundheads, loyal to Parliament and Oliver Cromwell.

In 1689, the English Bill of Rights established

It stated that the king was merely an official chosen by Parliament and subject to its laws. The bill also protected the rights of individual citizens. Such privileges as freedom of speech, opportunity of a fair trial, and protection against cruel treatment by public officials were now guaranteed. The bill greatly increased the power of parliament and also went far in securing the personal rights of the people.