World History Unit 5- Mr Martin

What is fascism?

authoritarian/ totalitarian way of ruling; belief that "together we are stronger, apart you will break" like a rope One party sate ruling (dictator) Liberal democracy is now obsolete Preparing for armed conflict and respond effectively to economic difficulties

Why was WWI so brutal?

new technology (machine guns, submarines, planes) and outdated tactics (trenches); more soldiers= more casualties

Why did European countries use colonial soldiers during WW1?

they did not want their native people to keep dying, colonial soldiers were put in the front lines of the armies (their lives were less valuable) A lot of casualties occurred and needed more soldiers so they went to lives less valuable

Why was the battle of the Somme brutal?

Both the Germans and the British hid in trenches, so the only way to gain ground was to rush the other's trench which was great exposure and therefore led to death; machine guns and wire fences were used which claimed many lives at once

Why was the Western Front one of the most diverse places on earth?

France and Britain controlled the world's largest colonial empires and drew upon their resources and people; Africa fought for Germany and India fought for Britain; in total was five continents in the trenches

What happened in Russia during the war?

In 1917, Russia became swept up in revolution removing its czar, or king, from power; the new communist government wanted to focus on problems at home, so it removed Russia from WW1 in 1918

Who won and who lost WW1?

The Allies won WW1 because the US joined the war late as the Central Powers began to cede fighting, estimated 10 million deaths total (mostly Russia then Germany)

What are the sides to the war?

The Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire vs. The Allies: Britain, France, Russia, Italy, United States.

Why was the League of Nations created?

To prevent another World War and maintain peace

What is the purpose of propaganda?

to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view, especially in a biased nature

Who are the leaders of fascism and where did they come to power?

• Benito Mussolini: Italian dictator allied w/ Hitler; invited Ethiopia and "made trains run on time" • Adolf Hitler: Leader of Nazi Germany in 1933; blamed Jews and others to get elected into power • Joseph Stalin: Communist leader of Russia after the nation's revolution; brutal dictator for 30 years • Francisco Franco: Led Spain in a civil war against democracy; received support from Hitler and Mussolini

Why did fascism find support from many people?

• It was a solution to Germany's debt, depression, and taxation(Versailles treaty) • It unified Germany to fight together against an enemy (Jews) • It had a sense of nationalism Appealed to economic ends of the people (propaganda)

Why did each of them (MAIN) cause WW1?

• Militarism (a race to grow military which influenced public policy and pushed the countries involved into war) • Alliances (if one country was attacked, the allied countries were bound to defend them) • Imperialism (competition and desire for greater empires led to an increase in confrontation about resources in colonies and tension) • Nationalism (a Serbian nationalist murdered the Archduke of Austria-Hungary)

What does MAIN stand for?

• Militarism (expanding military and prepping for war) • Alliances (alliances between France, England, Russia vs. Germany, Austria-Hungary) • Imperialism (process of building an empire) (ex: colonies) • Nationalism (belief your nation is greater than all others)

How did Hitler use propaganda in Nazi Germany?

• Propaganda was used through films and newspapers • tried to mislead European governments into thinking German demands were reasonable • forced Jews at concentration camps to write letters that they were being treated well

What was the punishment of Germany?

• loss of colonies •limit military and navy numbers • not allowed in the Paris Peace Talks or League of Nations(until 1926) • forced to pay billions in reparations • Poland was created from lost German land