World Music (101) FInal
According to Carlos Santana, he decided to play "Oye Como Va" because a. it would inspire people to dance b. it would fight against the influence of rock-and-roll c. it would become a symbol of pan-Latino identity d. he thought that if he did, Tito Puente might join his band
...a
A firqa ensemble typically features a. instruments of the takht ensemble b. Western orchestral string instruments c. Arab percussion instruments d. all of the above
?
A bodhrán is a. a type of drum b. a type of bagpipe c. a type of flute d. a type of fiddle
a
A rhythmic pattern that is repeated three times in succession at the conclusion of a performance is called a a. tihai b. triloka c. tintal d. tala
a
As a result of the Irish music revival of the 1960s, traditional music a. was increasingly performed by professional touring groups b. was increasingly performed in homes rather than in pubs or concert halls c. was much more frequently performed to accompany dancing than in the past d. was played almost exclusively, as musicians avoided performing music that suggested even traces of influences from jazz, rock, or other nontraditional styles
a
At Irish rural social gatherings prior to 1920, a. dance tunes were almost always played to accompany dancing b. dance tunes were often played, but rarely in accompaniment of actual dancing c. music was usually performed by large, well organized, professional groups d. music and dancing were rare
a
Derived from the term "peasant," _________ is a staple rhythm of raqs sharqi and belly dance. a. fallahi b. saaidi c. tahtib d. mizmar
a
During the years of the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976), a. the oppression of "ethnic minorities" such as the Uighurs and Tibetans escalated b. Beijing Opera flourished and hundreds of innovative new operas were composed and performed c. ancient Chinese musical and artistic forms of the dynastic era were especially prized d. musicians were given complete artistic freedom and encouraged to "liberate Chinese culture"
a
Each regional style of zheng music has its own regional character, or a. yun b. ban c. yijing d. gua-zou
a
Fleadhs are a. competitions b. Irish music sessions c. dance halls d. medleys of dance tunes
a
In Emad Sayyah's "Hou Hou Hou," traditional Middle Eastern dance rhythms a. are combined with rock, jazz, funk, and Latin-tinged rhythmic grooves b. are incorporated into a composition featuring only takht instruments c. form the rhythmic foundation for a humorous arrangement of the "Ode to Joy" section of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony d. are combined with a traditional Mexican folk song
a
Lou Shuhua's "Return of the Fishing Boats" differed from earlier solo zheng pieces because it a. broke away from the baban form b. moved away from reliance on stylistic influences from the Western piano and harp repertoires c. avoided explicit programmaticism d. all of the above
a
Musician Seckou Keita is considered a "radical royal" because a. he chose to play music professionally despite being of Mande royal lineage b. he uses music to criticize the Mande royal family c. he still participates in royal ceremonies despite being an albino, which defies customary Mande law d. B and C, but not A
a
One of the most important early figures in the preservation, cultivation, and dissemination of Irish traditional music was a. Seamus Ennis b. Eileen Ivers c. Liam O'Flynn d. Paddy Moloney
a
Sean nós are a. songs sung in Irish Gaelic b. songs sung in English c. Irish harp tunes d. Instrumental dance medleys
a
The Fontomfrom ensemble provides music for a. Akan royal events b. Mande jeliya ceremonies c. social dancing in nightclubs d. A and B, but not C
a
The communist government's policy for the arts after 1979 a. resulted in more creative freedom for musicians and composers b. frowned on Chinese composers influenced by contemporary Western music c. led to an increase in government support of music conservatories d. was more repressive than it had been during the Cultural Revolution period
a
The earliest forms of the zheng are believed to date from the a. Qin dynasty (3rd century BCE) b. Han dynasty (202 BCE - 220 BCE) c. Tang dynasty (618-907) d. Ming dynasty (1368-1644)
a
The group Shakti a. featured John McLaughlin on guitar b. featured Ravi Shankar on sitar c. was formed by A. R. Rahman in the 1980s d. all of the above
a
The kora is classified as a ___________ and is unique to West Africa. a. spike harp b. spike fiddle c. spike lute d. musical bow
a
The popular folk dance rhythm Saaidi a. is traditionally associated with the martial art form called tahtib b. is used mainly in the zaar ritual c. includes high-pitched "tek" drum strokes but no low-pitched "Dum" strokes in its basic rhythmic pattern d. was originally imported from Central Asia and was brought to Egypt by the ghawazi
a
The virtuosic, improvisational, soloistic style of playing on the kora and other Mande instruments is called a. birimintingo b. kumbengo c. sataro d. sauta
a
Which of the following Mande instruments is a type of xylophone? a. bala b. koni c. kora d. atumpan
a
Which of the following is NOT true? a. The modern jeli only performs for members of the Keita royal family b. Patrons of a jeli may today include politicians and other dignitaries who are not of royal lineage c. The modern jeli continues to function today not just as a musician but also as a historian and social commentator d. The modern jeli may perform on any of a number of instruments associated with the jeliya musical art, one of which is the electric guitar
a
Which of the following led to the displacement of millions of Africans and the African diaspora? a. The Euro-American slave trade; colonization of Africa b. Mande empire; Songhay empire c. Islamic invasions of sub-Saharan Africa; African repatriation movements d. African nationalist movements; Rastafarianism
a
Call-and-response is a. a back-and-forth alternation between different parts b. a short figure that is repeated over and over again c. a 12-bar blues form
a.
In Bali, a. gamelan music is today played by both men and women b. gamelan music is played exclusively by men, even today c. only women are allowed to play gamelan music d. the best gamelan performers are always women
a.
In cremation ceremonies, beleganjur music is used as a "weapon" a. to intimidate and drive away evil spirits such as bhutas and leyaks b. to scatter street dogs that customarily interfere with the procession c. to keep people from rival, neighboring banjars out of the procession d. all of the above
a.
Javanese gamelan music prominently features _____________ textures. a. multiple-melody b. only melody-plus-drone textures c. harmonized, chordal
a.
One of the simplest types of polyphonic textures is a. a melody accompanied by a drone b. unison texture c. the 12-bar blues form
a.
Paul Pena's "Kargyraa Moan" a. includes elements of both blues music and Tuvan khoomei b. is a traditional Tuvan khoomei song in the kargyraa style c. was one of the first Mississippi Delta blues songs ever recorded d. was first recorded by the legendary Mississippi bluesman Charlie Patton
a.
Since the slendro scale of Indonesian gamelan music has five pitches per octave, we know that a. it is one type of pentatonic scale b. it is based on and identical to the Western pentatonic scale described in the chapter c. it must be a variant of the blues scale with one pitch missing d. it can only be used to play pitches of very low frequency
a.
The first well-known Western composer to become fascinated with gamelan music was a. Claude Debussy b. John Cage c. Lou Harrison d. Benjamin Britten
a.
The function of the gamelan beleganjur in cremation rituals is a. to intimidate and drive away evil spirits b. to show off tradition and innovation in composition c. to win a competition d. all of the above
a.
The oldest style of Hindu religious chant, based on ancient Hindu scriptures, is a. Vedic chant b. Bhajan c. Qawwali d. Bhangra
a.
The recording of Eagle & Hawk's "Dance" a. combines elements of traditional First Nations/Native American music with elements of rock music b. is a traditional powwow song c. features singing and drumming only; there are no instruments used other than the large powwow drum d. is most notable for its didgeridoo accompaniment
a.
The root foundation of beleganjur music is a gong cycle a. of eight beats called gilak b. of 16 beats called ketawang c. of male and female beats called ombak d. all of the above
a.
Verse-chorus form a. is one of the most popular musical forms in many cultures b. is a cyclic form used in Balinese gamelan music c. is especially prominent in BaMbuti elephant hunting songs d. is rarely used in popular music, since it is almost exclusively identified with classical music styles
a.
Ethnomusicologists are interested in understanding music as _____________. a. a musicultural phenomenon b. a composition c. a dance d. fieldwork
a. a musicultural phenomenon
When we speak about dynamics in music we are referring to music's levels of a. amplitude b. duration c. frequency d. timbre
a. amplitude
When two pitches sound the same, but one is higher than the other, we say they are a. an octave apart b. determinate pitches c. conjunct melodies
a. an octave apart
A short figure repeated over and over again is called a. an ostinato b. interlocking c. call-and-response
a. an ostinato
Sounds that have the potential to be music are a. any and all sounds b. sounds of a certain pitch c. sounds of a certain rhythm d. sounds with a cultural meaning
a. any and all sounds
A piano is classified as a. a chordophone b. an aerophone c. a membranophone d. an idiophone
a. chordophone
When music is owned by individuals or is the property of a family lineage it is considered a a. commodity b. ritual c. diaspora d. all of the above
a. commodity
To plan the design of a musical work prior to its performance is called a. composition b. interpretation c. improvisation d. arranging
a. composition
We can apply letter names (A, B, C, etc.) to notes in Western music if they have a. determinate pitch b. indeterminate pitch c. frequency d. timbre
a. determinate pitch (indeterminate is an only playing one note)
A people defined by shared identification with a "homeland" where they themselves do not reside represent a a. diaspora b. society c. zaar d. nation-state
a. diaspora
The pentatonic scale contains ________ pitches per octave. a. five b. seven c. twelve
a. five
._____ is the element of music that pertains to the large-scale dimensions of musical organization. a. Form b. Texture c. Polyphony d. Polyrhythm
a. form
When music is nonmetric we say it is in a. free rhythm b. tempo c. syncopation
a. free rhythm
__________ is the generic term for mainly percussion- based ensembles of Bali, Java, and other islands of Indonesia. a. Gamelan b. Gangsa c. Banjar d. Beleganjur
a. gamelan
When we learn that a particular piece of music uses an ensemble consisting of three singers, a violinist, and a guitarist, we have learned about its ___________ . a. instrumentation b. dynamics c. amplitude
a. instrumentation
A tone a. is a sound whose principal identity is defined (by people) as a musical identity b. is a sound that can only have a musical identity c. only exists as such when it is sung or is played on specific music instruments d. is a sound that all people agree has musical qualities in all contexts
a. is a sound whose principal identity is defined (by people) as a musical identity
A grouping of beats in Western music is called a a. measure b. meter c. subdivision
a. measure
When meters are longer and more complex we use the term a. metric cycle b. quadruple meter c. syncopation
a. metric cycle
Moving from one key to another is called a. modulation b. ornamentation c. articulation d. harmonization
a. modulation
People who share a sense of homeland but do not have political autonomy over that homeland can be described as belonging to a a. nation b. nation-state
a. nation
The distance in pitch from the lowest to the highest note refers to melodic a. range b. contour c. direction d. all of the above
a. range
The term monophonic refers to a. single-line textures b. multiple-melody textures c. drone textures
a. single-line
A ______ is defined as a group of persons regarded as forming a single community of related, interdependent individuals. a. society b. culture c. diaspora d. nation-state
a. society
The basic property of all music is a. sound b. song c. melody d. rhythm
a. sound
Digital samplers are classified as a. sound generators b. sound modifiers c. hybrid electronophones
a. sound generators
_______ is the character or quality of a musical tone. a. Timbre b. Acoustics c. Harmonics
a. timbre
When music causes individuals to become "possessed" by spirits this is called a. transubstantiation b. musical syncretism c. identity d. ritual
a. transubstatiation
When several musicians perform the same sequence of pitches in the same rhythm it is called a. unison b. heterophony c. polyphony d. drone
a. unison
Andean folkloric music is a modernist-cosmpolitan tradition a. that developed largely in cities like Buenos Aires and Paris b. that developed mainly in remote ayllus of the Bolivian and Peruvian Andes c. in which only certain instruments are used during certain seasons of the year d. but one that avoids all forms of commodification and commercialization
a...
Brazilian tropicália musicians of the late 1960s a. embraced and "cannibalized" foreign popular musical influences b. rejected and "cannibalized" foreign popular musical influences c. supported the U.S.-supported totalitarian regime in Brazil d. B and C, but not A
a...
Compared to more traditional Cuban cha cha chá numbers like Enrique Jorrin's "El Bodeguero," cha cha chá numbers like Tito Puente's "Oye Como Va" tended to be a. slightly faster in tempo b. less syncopated c. softer in dynamic level d. less intense
a...
Enrique Jorrin created the cha cha chá with the intention of a. devising a Cuban dance-music style that would appeal to non-Cuban dancers b. creating a more thoroughly Afro-Cuban style of dance music than son c. catering to the growing population of Puerto Rican immigrants in Cuba d. all of the above
a...
In 18th century Cuba, creolized dance-music styles emerged partly because a. white Cubans saw them as viable alternatives to outmoded European dances of the time like the waltz and the mazurka b. black Cubans were no longer interested in dancing the rumba c. slaves of African descent were forced to perform such dances by members of the white, Spanish-Cuban establishment d. B and C, but not A
a...
The batá drums are principally associated with religious rituals and musical traditions of the ____________ religion. a. Santería b. Conguero c. Timbalero d. Mambolo
a...
__________ is the rhythmic basis of virtually all forms of Cuban-derived Latin dance music. a. Clave b. Conga c. Charanga d. Salsa
a...
"Ethnic minorities" in China such as Uighurs and Tibetans a. are as a rule very appreciative of conservatory-style Chinese compositions that are based on their traditional musical forms and styles b. are often critical of the appropriation of their music and other forms of cultural expression by agents of mainstream Chinese culture c. have increasingly come to dominate the conservatories as the leading performers on Chinese instruments like the zheng and the pipa d. A and C, but not B
b
After 1949, Mao Zedong's communist agenda for music called for a. the elimination of folk music b. collection of and research on folk and minority musical traditions c. the liberation of music and the arts from use for political purposes d. A and C, but not B
b
Drumming a. is found in all forms of music in Africa b. is not the basis of most music in Africa c. has little importance in music in Africa d. B and C, but not A
b
During the 1920s, a. the arts in Egypt became increasingly conservative and Western influences were virtually non existent b. Egyptian film was strongly influenced by Hollywood cinema c. Hossam Ramzy became an established recording artist in Cairo d. Samia Gamal appeared in both Egyptian films like Zannouba and international films like Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves
b
During the Ming dynasty, the zheng a. became a standard item to have in the home b. was used to accompany regional forms of Chinese opera c. was not allowed to be played by women d. A and B, but not C
b
During the Republican era, Liu Tianhua argued that traditional Chinese music should a. return to its folk roots and ancient styles b. be modernized with Western elements c. be used for socialist propaganda d. be discarded
b
During the communist era, Beijing opera a. was completely banned b. was revised to serve as a vehicle of state propaganda c. reverted back to its traditional style d. A and C, but not B
b
Egyptian nationalism in the 19th century placed a high value on a. secularism b. pan-Arabism c. the adoption of Ottoman culture d. all of the above
b
Farida Fahmy was a dancer a. from a peasant background who embodied authentic Egyptian asil values b. from an elite background who appeared as a peasant on stage c. censored by the government for setting a bad example for Arab women d. known for her erotic style and licentious roles in Egyptian films
b
Hereditary praise singers and musicians in Mande culture are called a. bala (balalu) b. jeli (jelilu) c. koni (konilu) d. sauta (sautalu)
b
Qur'anic recitation a. is indisputably a form of music, even though many Muslims would claim that it is not b. is not music from orthodox Muslim perspectives, but does exhibit qualities (e.g., melodic, rhythmic) that make it sound musical to non-Muslims c. was the basis of John Cage's 4'33" d. is only considered by Muslims to be music when it is performed outside of a mosque
b
The alap section of a raga features a. a tala metric cycle b. melodic improvisation c. drumming accompaniment d. all of the above
b
The ancient Chinese philosopher Confucius a. played the zheng b. claimed that music could be used in aid of establishing a good and moral society c. believed that music should not be played by "superior individuals" d. A and C, but not B
b
The influence of "pianistic" style in zheng music led to a. a greater reliance on the baban form b. the development of more technically demanding pieces c. the invention of new types of zheng instruments with fewer strings d. a musical culture in which almost all of the leading zheng players were men
b
The koto is a traditional instrument a. that is always played in ensembles, never solo b. but is nonetheless sometimes used in contemporary Japanese popular music c. that is today mainly identified with the musical culture of Chinese conservatories d. all of the above
b
The large frame drum played by the woman who leads the ceremony during a zaar ritual is called the a. mazhar b. duff c. tabla d. sagat
b
The layered ostinato style of playing the kora that typically accompanies singing is called a. birimintingo b. kumbengo c. sataro d. sauta
b
The modal system of Arab music is called a. maqsoum b. maqam c. raqs baladi d. raqs sharqi
b
The most common context for traditional Irish dance tune and medley performances today is a. the ceílí social gathering b. the Irish music session c. country dances d. Dublin block parties
b
The most common form for Irish instrumental dance tunes is a. ABBA b. AABB c. ABCA d. AAAB
b
The music of Eileen Ivers represents a. a conservative revival of traditional music b. a broad and eclectic range of musical styles c. a standard approach to traditional songs and dance tunes d. all of the above
b
The music of the group Altan can be distinguished from the more traditional music of Seamus Ennis because Altan's music a. is looser and more spontaneous b. is more controlled and planned out c. features drones d. all of the above
b
The skeletal drum pattern that outlines the basic rhythmic structure of a tala is called the a. tali b. theka c. tintal d. tihai
b
The unaccompanied solo improvisation on the'ud heard during the opening portion of Ahmed Mukhtar's "Iraqi Café" is called a a. takht b. taqsim c. tabla d. tahtib
b
The zheng is best described as a. a pear-shaped, plucked chordophone b. a board zither chordophone c. a two-string fiddle d. an end-blown bamboo flute
b
The zheng was played in ensembles and became an important "women's instrument" during the ________ dynasty. The emperor Xuanzong was an important figure in this development. a. Han b. Tang c. Ming d. Qing
b
Which of the following Irish music groups emerged from the pioneering ensemble Ceoltóirí Cualann in the 1960s and continues to be a guiding force in the tradition and transformation of Irish music still today? a. The Pogues b. The Chieftains c. Clannad d. Altan
b
Which of the following are true of Northern Ireland? a. Catholic majority; independent nation b. Protestant majority; part of the United Kingdom c. Dublin is the capital city; Kerry is one of 26 counties d. A and C, but not B
b
Which of the following influential recordings was the first to be recorded? a. Ravi Shankar and Yehudi Menuhin's West Meets East b. Ravi Shankar and Bud Shank's Improvisations c. The Beatles' "Within You, Without You" d. The Beatles' "Norwegian Wood"
b
Which of the following is NOT an aerophone commonly used in Irish music a. tinwhistle b. hornpipe c. uillean pipes d. Irish wooden flute
b
Which of the following members of the Diabate family was the first to become a master of the kora? a. Toumani Diabate b. Sidiki Diabate c. Mamadou Diabate d. Kassemady Diabate
b
Although India has great religious diversity, the majority of the population is a. Muslim b. Hindu c. Buddhist d. Christian
b.
Choreographed sequences in kreasi beleganjur compositions are called _________. a. gilak b. gerak c. gangsa d. gong ageng
b.
If you were to sing the first three notes of the melody of "Mary Had a Little Lamb" (E-D-C) for an 'Are'Are musician and ask him about it, he would probably say that a. the melodic direction was descending b. the melodic direction was ascending
b.
Members of a gharana are typically united by a. affiliation with particular film production companies b. a shared style or approach to musical performance practice c. membership in the same Sufi devotional clan d. exclusive use of one specific tala throughout their lives
b.
The "two great traditions" of Indian classical music discussed in the chapter are a. Raga and Tala b. Hindustani and Karnatak c. Bhangra and Bhajan d. Bhajan and Rahman
b.
The kilitan telu interlocking rhythms in Balinese gamelan are described in the chapter as being symbolic of a. unity in diversity b. Balinese cultural values of communal interdependence c. the Balinese three-part conception of the universe d. the religion of Holy Water
b.
The main difference between a major scale and a minor scale is a. the major scale has twelve pitches per octave while the minor scale has only nine b. the interval between the second and third scale degrees is smaller in the minor scale c. the major scale has more octaves than the minor scale d. the different types of rhythms that accompany them
b.
The term introduced in the chapter that refers to the note-by-note expansion of a raga in performance (as well as other manifestations of a raga's "growth") is a. alap b. barhat c. jhala d. tala
b.
Whenever a Balinese funeral procession reaches a crossroad a. the cremation tower is carried straight through without being turned b. the beleganjur music increases in volume and intensity c. an angel gets his wings d. soft and gentle music is played
b.
Which of the following features is NOT a part of traditional Indian classical music? a. single-line melody b. harmonized melody c. rhythmic accompaniment d. drone
b.
Music is a. an animal phenomenon b. a human phenomenon c. performed by birds and whales d. all of the above
b. a human phenomenon
An ascending and/or descending series of notes of different pitch is a. a chord b. a scale c. an octave d. a tonic
b. a scale
The (Aboriginal Australian) didgeridoo is classified as a. a chordophone b. an aerophone c. a membranophone d. an idiophone
b. aerophone (digeridoo- traditionally a long wooden branch that has been hollowed out by termites, uses circular breathing)
When we describe notes as staccato or legato we are talking about a. harmonization b. articulation c. modulation d. ornamentation
b. articulation
The indigenous peoples of Bali who do not practice Hinduism are known as the __________, meaning "original Balinese." a. Agama Tirta b. Bali Aga c. Bahasa Indonesia d. Wayang Kulit
b. bali aga
The underlying pulse of music is known as the a. accent b. beat c. subdivision d. tempo
b. beat
When two or more different pitches are sound simultaneously this yields a a. melody b. chord c. chord progression
b. chord
An instrument in which the sound is activated by the vibration of strings over a resonating chamber is a. an aerophone b. a chordophone c. a membranophone d. an idiophone
b. chordophone
The overall "shape" of a melody defines its melodic a. range b. contour c. direction d. all of the above
b. contour
Which instruments "direct" gamelan ensembles by signaling changes in tempo and cueing new musical sections? a. gongs b. drums c. cymbals d. metallophones
b. drums
Rhythm is most closely related to a. amplitude b. duration c. frequency d. timbre
b. duration
_____________ draws on musicology, anthropology, and other disciplines in order to study the world's musics. a. Fieldwork b. Ethnomusicology c. Cultured d. Globalization
b. ethnomusicology
Every tone is actually comprised of multiple pitches called partials or ___________. a. dynamic range b. harmonics c. ensembles
b. harmonics
The ways in which people think about and represent themselves and one another through music is called a. patronage b. identity c. diaspora d. transmission
b. identity
When a single melodic or rhythmic line is divided note by note between two or more performers this is called a. ostinato b. interlocking c. call-and-response
b. interlocking
The distance between any two notes is called an a. arpeggio b. interval c. octave
b. interval
The number of distinct, recognized pitches within an octave is __________ in Indian and Middle Eastern pitch systems than in Western music. a. smaller b. larger
b. larger
__________ textures are created when two or more short, repeated figures are "stacked" one atop the other. a. Drone-based b. Layered ostinato c. Interlocking
b. layered ostinato
The number of beats in a measure defines the music's a. rhythm b. meter c. tempo
b. meter
The multitrack recording process of layering many separate musical tracks is called a. harmonicizing b. overdubbing c. digital sampling
b. overdubbing
The two basic features of music transmission are a. performer and audience b. production and reception c. composition and improvisation d. interpretation and arranging
b. production and reception
Decrescendo describes a tone that a. gradually gets louder b. gradually gets softer c. has terraced dynamics
b. softer
An accented note that falls between beats is called a a. subdivision b. syncopation c. free rhythm
b. syncopation
_____ is the element of music that pertains to how the different vocal and/or instrumental parts in a piece of music relate to one another. a. Form b. Texture c. Polyphony d. Polyrhythm
b. texture
The process by which music moves from one person or community to another is referred to as a. composition b. transmission c. transubstantiation d. musical syncretism
b. transmission
Because of differing patterns in the institution of slavery a. African American blues sounds more "African" than Afro-Cuban music b. Afro-Cuban music sounds more "African" than African American blues c. Latin dance in Cuba looks different than Latin dance in North America d. A and C only
b...
During the 1950s, after the international dance craze for cha cha chá had passed, a. the dance was abandoned b. New York Latin bandleaders adopted and adapted it, blending it with elements of big band mambo c. bossa-cha cha, a synthesis of cha cha chá and Brazilian bossa nova, became the basis of a new international dance phenomenon d. Enrique Jorrin became the violinist for Tito Puente's band in New York
b...
In arrangements like Tito Puente's "Oye Como Va," 1950s Latin bandleaders fused the cha cha chá with the a. maraca b. mambo c. rumba d. clave
b...
The bossa nova style of guitar playing in which samba-derived percussion rhythms are applied to the guitar is called a. berimbau b. batida c. bandoneón d. favelas
b...
The cha cha chá style of Enrique Jorrin a. was rhythmically complex and featured fast tempos b. was relatively simple rhythmically and featured moderate tempos c. featured dance songs played in free rhythm, with no discernible beat d. was entirely instrumental, with no singing
b...
The first Santana arrangement that fused rock and Latin dance music was a. "Oye Como Va" b. "Evil Ways" c. "Black Magic Woman" d. "Europa"
b...
"Hot Thursday," by Bei Bei He and Shawn Lee, a. was recorded during a live performance at a concert in Hong Kong b. is based on the standard baban form of traditional zheng pieces c. features improvisations on the zheng within a musical context that also includes elements of jazz, rock, and funk d. features Yo-Yo Ma as the cello soloist accompanied by an ensemble including traditional Chinese instruments such as the erhu and the pipa
c
After Santana's "Oye Como Va" a. the music of Tito Puente was forgotten b. Tito Puente earned very little money from royalties on the song c. Tito Puente began to get more widespread recognition d. A and B, but not C
c
Although Ravi Shankar was generally tolerant of new contexts for Indian music, he was strongly opposed to a. the use of Indian instruments in jazz b. the use of Indian instruments in rock c. the use of drugs by audience members at Indian music concerts d. all of the above
c
Angélique Kidjo is notable for singing the majority of her songs in a. English b. French c. Fon d. Yoruba
c
Call-and-response is a significant manifestation of ___________ in African music a. layered ostinatos b. timbral variety c. the conversational element d. distinctive pitch systems
c
Composer Sayyid Darwish was known for developing a musical style that a. incorporated Ottoman elements b. incorporated Gypsy elements c. became closely identified with Egyptian nationalism d. all of the above
c
Following the "bloodless revolution" of 1952, a. dancers such as Badiaa Masabni were canonized for their traditional virtues b. musicians such as Muhammad 'Abd al-Wahhab and Umm Kulthum were censored c. nightclubs and places of Western entertainment were shut down d. Anwar Sadat became the first president of the Arab Republic of Egypt
c
Gua-zou, or glissando, is an important technique on the zheng and is best described as a. a quick back-and-forth thumb motion. b. a "four-point fingering" technique. c. rapid ascending or descending sweeps across the strings d. simultaneously plucking two strings that are an octave apart
c
Hindustani and Karnatak music are different in that a. Hindustani music is more focused on singing b. Karnatak music has had more recognition outside of India c. the specific ragas, talas, and music-related terminologies differ in the two traditions d. music is associated with dance forms in Karnatak but not in Hindustani traditions
c
In a Tabla Solo dance, a. the standard accompanying ensemble is a takht b. the standard accompanying ensemble is a firqa c. the music features only percussion instruments and sometimes only a solo tabla player d. a large group of dancers performs to the accompaniment of a solo played on a single tabla drum
c
On the uilleann pipes, the main melody is played on the a. drone pipes b. regulators c. chanter d. bellows
c
Playback singers are famous in India for __________ in Bollywood films. a. appearing b. appearing and singing c. singing, but not appearing
c
Ravi Shankar believed that Indian raga and American jazz a. were essentially the same since both featured improvisation b. were closely related because both featured similar types of complex rhythms c. were resolutely distinct, despite the fact that both feature improvisation and exciting rhythms d. were so fundamentally different that Indian musicians and jazz musicians should never play music together
c
The "empty" or weak beat in a tala cycle, marked by a silent wave of the hand when keeping tal, is called a. sam b. tali c. khali d. tintal
c
The first Egyptian dancer to dance with a veil was reportedly a. Umm Kulthum b. Badiaa Masabni c. Samia Gamal d. Farida Fahmy
c
The idea that the melodious use of the voice in contexts of Islamic religious worship can be identified as musical is a. embraced by conservative Muslims b. rejected by Sufi Muslims c. offensive to many Muslims d. all of the above
c
The koto is a. a board zither chordophone that was first brought to China from Japan during the Meiji Restoration period b. an instrument that is used in all forms of gagaku music c. an instrument that is used in only some forms of gagaku music d. a Japanese chordophone that looks very much like a banjo
c
The lead drummer of the Fontomfrom plays on drums called __________. a. atumpan b. tomtom c. from d. dawuro
c
The main impetus for the Irish diaspora was a. Irish independence in 1949 b. the repressive policies of Eamon De Valera c. the Irish potato famine d. the establishment of a national radio station
c
The most popular instrument in Egyptian traditional music, the _______, is a plucked chordophone that is also the lead instrument of the takht ensemble. a. nay b. qanun c. 'ud d. violin
c
The time-line rhythm in the Fontomfrom ensemble is played on a. a pair of atumpan drums b. a small eguankoba drum c. an iron bell called the dawuro d. two large from drums
c
Tibetan Buddhist chant (gyü-ke) features a. songs of protest against the Chinese government b. songs of praise for the communist party c. manipulation of the voice to produce multiple tones (multiphonics) d. standard zheng tunings
c
Tito Puente Jr.'s version of "Oye Como Va" (the example on your CD set) a. rejects the rock influences of the Santana version and represents a return to the more traditional sound of his father's original recorded version b. does not use any electronic instruments c. introduces novel elements and rhythmic grooves while also incorporating elements from both the original Tito Puente version and the Santana version of the song d. features a very impressive electric guitar solo played by Carlos Santana
c
Which of the following is NOT a rhythm commonly used in Irish dance tunes? a. reel b. jig c. sean nós d. hornpipe
c
Which of the following is NOT a rhythm used in dance? a. maqsoum b. masmoudi c. maqam d. malfuf
c
Which of the following is NOT a standard feature of a tala? a. a basic, skeletal rhythmic pattern in the drumming part b. a strong first beat called sam c. a flexible rhythmic pattern in which the number of beats can change from one cycle to the next d. a specific pattern of relatively stronger and weaker beats
c
Which of the following is NOT claimed in the chapter? a. Paying homage is a major theme in many forms of African musical expression b. Polyvocality is a common feature of many African musics c. Drumming is the basis of most forms of African music d. Complex polyphonic textures and improvisation are prominent features of many African musics
c
Which of the following is NOT identified with the art of jeliya? a. The singing of praise songs b. Performance on specific types of instruments c. Principal identification of instrumental performance with female performers d. Principal identification of instrumental performance with male performers
c
Which of the following is NOT one of the musical Africanisms discussed in the chapter? a. complex polyphonic textures b. layered ostinatos with varied repetition c. emphasis on drumming-based music d. improvisation
c
Which of the following is a plucked chordophone? a. dawuro b. sissoko c. koni d. djembe
c
Which of the following is a traditional Ugandan instrument? a. mambazo b. koni c. endongo d. isicathamiya
c
Which of the following musicians is neither a jeli nor a griot? a. Toumani Diabate b. Seckou Keita c. Angélique Kidjo d. Bassekou Kouyate
c
A distinctive difference of Sufism compared to other forms of Islam is that in Sufism a. many gods are recognized b. it is believed that religious images should be cherished c. it is believed that music may serve as a pathway to the divine d. all of the above
c.
According to Ravi Shankar's "An Introduction to Indian Music," a raga is a. a rhythmic cycle of sixteen beats b. akin to jazz c. a precise melody form d. a type of tabla
c.
Descriptions of drumming-based music of West Africa as polyrhythmic a. are universally accepted by ethnomusicologists and West African musicians alike b. were first developed by West African musicians but are consistently refuted by ethnomusicologists c. are controversial, since there are both ethnomusicologists and West African musicians who contend that the term does not accurately account for the music's texture d. make sense because the music is so resolutely monophonic
c.
Harmonized textures occur when a. a melody unfolds over a sustained, continuous tone b. two or more melodic lines are performed simultaneously c. notes of different pitch occur together to form chords on the successive notes of a melody
c.
Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan became an international star singing a style of Sufi music called a. bhajan b. bhangra c. qawwali d. veda
c.
The "shimmering" quality of the instruments in gamelan gong kebyar is due to a. cyclic musical forms b. rapid-fire melodies c. paired tuning of instruments d. interlocking drum patterns
c.
The 12-bar blues is best described as a _________ form. a. layered ostinato b. verse-chorus c. cyclic
c.
The best way to figure out whether something is or is not music is to a. ask a music professor or a professional musician b. make your decision on the basis of whether it is of high or low musical quality c. determine whether there are people who intended it to be music or who perceive it as music d. determine whether it has the requisite types of rhythms, melodies, and harmonies to qualify as music
c.
The classification system of instruments based on "-phones" was created by a. the ancient Chinese b. the 'Are'are of Malaita c. two musicologists named Hornbostel and Sachs
c.
The piece "B.A.Ph.Pet" a. was composed by I Ketut Suandita for a beleganjur contest b. is a humorous children's piece for solo piano composed by Claude Debussy c. features a hip-hop DJ performing as the scratch turntable soloist in a context that also uses Balinese gamelan and other instruments d. was premiered on the same concert as John Cage's 4'33"
c.
The word banjar refers to a. the Balinese cremation ceremony b. the soul of the deceased c. a Balinese neighborhood organization d. sacred verses sung by men and women
c.
Instruments that are not amplified electronically are a. idiophones b. chordophones c. acoustic d. harmonic
c. acoustic
A well-known scale influenced by African scales is the ________ scale. a. minor b. pentatonic c. blues
c. blues
Playing all 12 pitches within an octave on the piano from low to high yields what is known as the _______ scale. a. major b. pentatonic c. chromatic d. minor
c. chromatic
"That complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society" is a definition of a. tradition b. society c. culture d. music
c. culture
Pitch is most closely related to a. amplitude b. duration c. frequency d. timbre
c. frequency
When each note of a melody becomes the basis of its own chord, this is called a. ornamentation b. modulation c. harmonization d. arpeggio
c. harmonization
An electric guitar is best classified as a a. chordophone b. pure electronophone c. hybrid electronophone
c. hybrid electrophone
To compose in the moment of performance is called a. composition b. interpretation c. improvisation d. arranging
c. improv
A drum is classified as a. a chordophone b. an aerophone c. a membranophone d. an idiophone
c. membranophone
The merging of formerly distinct styles of music into new forms of expression is called a. culture b. diaspora c. musical syncretism d. virtual communitas
c. musical syncretism
_______ describes music in which two or more distinct parts are performed simultaneously. a. Unison b. Interlocking c. Polyphony d. Drone
c. polyphony
The many layers of sound in West African drum ensemble music are often described as exhibiting a _________ texture. a. unison b. multiple-melody c. polyrhythmic
c. polyrhythmic
A stream of sixteenth notes against a quarter-note beat is a _______ subdivision. a. duple b. triple c. quadruple
c. quadruple
Which of the following are the slowest moving notes? a. sixteenth notes b. eighth notes c. quarter notes
c. quarter notes
All societies are built around aggregates of intersecting a. cultures b. nation-states c. social institutions d. all of the above
c. social institutions (greek life vs. campus)
The rate at which beats pass in music is called a. beat b. meter c. tempo
c. tempo
A culture is best defined by a. the complex identities of individuals b. how individuals make and listen to music c. the collective worldview shared by its members d. spirituality in music
c. the collective worldview shared by its members
Differences in ________ allow us to distinguish between vocal tones, trumpet tones, and flute tones. a. amplitude b. frequency c. timbre
c. timbre
In Western music the first scale degree is called the a. arpeggio b. interval c. tonic
c. tonic
A secular, traditional Cuban dance music that features singing, conga drums, other Latin percussion instruments, and an often "flirtatious" style of dancing is a. Regla de Ocha b. batucada c. rumba d. merengue
c...
Astor Piazzolla became famous for a. popularizing the tango in the 1920s-1930s and being a master of the guitar b. dancing the tango in a Hollywood movie while playing the violin c. developing a new style of tango music and being a master of the bandoneón d. all of the above
c...
Because of the influence of Cuban son music, charanga groups that specialized in playing the danzón a. faded from popularity until the charanga tradition essentially disappeared b. eliminated all Afro-Cuban elements from their music and played traditional European dances like the waltz and the mazurka exclusively c. were inspired to incorporate more Afro-Cuban elements into their danzón arrangements d. relocated from Cuba to Miami beginning in the 1920s, where they established a thriving charanga scene that survives to the present
c...
The danzón, Cuba's "national dance" of the 1920s, was accompanied by an ensemble called a. bata b. timbalero c. charanga d. son
c...
Which of the following is NOT associated with carnival traditions of Brazil or Trinidad? a. samba batucada b. steel band c. tropicália d. samba-enredo
c...
Which of the following was NOT a feature of 1950s mambo? a. layered ostinatos b. big band instrumentation c. rock influences d. fast tempos
c...
A Uighur muqam a. is identical to an Arab maqam and is subject to the same rules of modal improvisation b. is often performed using instruments such as the rawap and the dap c. is a large-scale, precomposed suite of songs and instrumental music d. B and C, but not A
d
A specific maqam a. may serve as the basis for an improvised performance that includes modulations to several other maqamat as well b. may have extramusical associations with particular emotions, geographical locations, or even healing properties c. is defined by a specific sequence of ascending and descending pitches (i.e., a scale) d. all of the above
d
A tonal language is one in which meaning is determined not just by the sound of its syllables but also by a. specific patterns of pitch b. specific patterns of rhythm c. timbral inflection d. all of the above
d
Because of the use of quarter tones, Arab musicians may potentially draw from a palette of __ pitches per octave in their music. a. 7 b. 8 c. 12 d. 24
d
Belly dance and raqs sharqi resemble zaar rituals because of similar a. dance movements b. rhythms played on percussion instruments c. healing functions d. A and B, but not C
d
Common features of different Celtic music traditions include a. certain types of instruments such as fiddles, bagpipes, and flutes b. identifiable styles of melodic ornamentation c. standard forms for songs and dance tunes d. all of the above
d
During the Republican era of Chinese history (1912-1949), a. Chinese traditional music was looked down upon as inferior to Western music b. Western music was prized as a new symbol of Chinese modernity and progress c. Chinese traditional music was modernized through the incorporation of Western elements d. all of the above
d
During the gat, the "growth" of a raga is evident in a. slow and abstract movement without meter b. a gradual and steady increase in tempo c. patterns that become longer and more complex d. B and C, but not A
d
In "Music for the Muqam," Uighur musical influences are evident in a. the nontraditional tuning of the zheng b. the rhythmic patterns of the dap drum part c. the use of certain types of melodic ornaments that are unconventional for the zheng but are idiomatic for Uighur music d. all of the above
d
Music has been regarded as an important component of political life in China a. since the beginning of the Cultural Revolution b. since the beginning of the communist era c. since the late 19th century d. for more than 3000 years
d
On the uilleann pipes, the regulators are used to a. play drones b. play melodies c. play ornaments d. play chords
d
One of the four principal modes in kora playing is called a. birimintingo b. kumbengo c. sataro d. sauta
d
Paul Simon's landmark album Graceland a. featured isicathamiya vocal music performed by Ladysmith Black Mambazo b. created new professional opportunities for some South African musicians c. helped bring international attention to the struggle against apartheid d. all of the above
d
Rolls, crans, trebles and cuts are a. dance rhythms b. melodies c. scales d. ornaments
d
Sean Ó'Riada's contributions to the transformation and modernization of Irish music did NOT include a. new approaches to musical arrangements of traditional Irish dance tunes b. the restoration of the uilleann pipes to a prominent place in Irish musical culture c. changing textures in which different instruments were featured in different sections of arrangements d. the re-introduction of the fiddle into Irish music
d
The Chinese musician Cui Jian is famous for a. applying piano techniques to the zheng b. being the first major Chinese rock star c. his legendary performances during the Tiananmen Square uprisings of 1989 d. B and C, but not A
d
The HIP (human intention and perception) approach emphasizes a. exclusiveness over inclusiveness b. inclusiveness over exclusiveness c. that music is inseparable from the people who make and experience it d. B and C, but not A
d
The famous Egyptian composer Muhammad 'Abd al-Wahhab was known for a. drawing on Egyptian folk music in his compositions b. drawing from American popular music c. combining Western instruments and traditional Arab-Egyptian instruments d. all of the above
d
The gat section of a raga features a. a tala metric cycle b. drumming accompaniment c. passages of improvisation d. all of the above
d
The principal domain of women's dance in the Arab world is a. the concert stage b. the nightclub c. the cinema d. domestic gatherings
d
The rhythmic basis of the arrangement of "La Cucaracha" included on your CD set is the Egyptian rhythm called a. fallahi b. maqsoum c. masmoudi d. malfuf
d
The song "Oye Como Va" a. is rooted in Cuban musical traditions b. was composed by a musician who identified himself ethnically and culturally as being principally Puerto Rican c. was composed in the United States d. all of the above
d
The term "music" a. is inescapably tied to Western culture and its assumptions b. is inescapbly ethnocentric to some degree c. exists in some form (either "as is" or in translation) in every human language d. A and B, but not C
d
The term ghawazi refers to a. a hereditary class of professional female dancers in Egypt b. an aerophone that is used in much Egyptian folk music c. an ancient healing ritual d. an instrument of the Iraqi takht ensemble
d
The zaar spirit possession ritual a. is now banned in Egypt and is never performed anymore b. involves rhythms that are believed to have healing powers c. involves movements that have been adopted into raqs sharqi and belly dance d. B and C, but not A
d
Using "drum speech," Akan people can a. talk to their drums b. recite proverbs with drums c. replicate patterns of speech d. B and C, but not A
d
Which of the following define a Hindustani raga? a. an identifying set of pitches b. specific melodic ornaments c. specific extramusical associations d. all of the above
d
Which of the following influenced the development of a pan-Irish approach to Irish traditional music? a. dancing to music at rural domestic gatherings b. processes of urbanization c. radio broadcasting d. B and C, but not A
d
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Beijing Opera in the traditional style?
d
Which of the following is characteristic of the post-1970s, modern ensemble style of Irish music? a. varied textures and performance styles b. use of chordal accompaniment instruments like the guitar and the Irish bouzouki c. jazz- or rock-influenced textures featuring solo improvisation d. all of the above
d
Which of the following spurred the Irish music revival of the 1960s? a. increased prosperity in Ireland b. fear of culture loss c. renewed interest in older music traditions on the part of young musicians d. all of the above
d
A mode may be defined by a. a specific sequence of ascending and descending pitches b. rules for how to move from one pitch to another within the mode c. associations with certain emotions, times of day, or seasons d. all of the above
d.
Balinese Hinduism is a blend of Hinduism and a. Islam b. Buddhism c. indigenous spiritual beliefs d. B and C, but not A
d.
Bhangra is a musical style that a. originated in Punjabi folk songs b. is often featured in Bollywood films c. is very popular among diasporic communities outside of India d. all of the above
d.
Central Javanese court gamelan and Balinese gamelan gong kebyar are similar because a. they share a basis in cyclic musical forms b. they have related types of instruments c. they sound almost identical d. A and B, but not C
d.
Hindustani and Karnatak music are similar in that they both a. use raga as a basis of melody b. use tala as a basis of rhythm/meter c. were strongly and equally influenced in their development by Islamic cultures d. A and B, but not C
d.
I Wayan Balawan is famous for his skills as a. a Balinese gambuh dancer b. a kreasi beleganjur composer c. a Balinese kendang drummer and gamelan director d. an electric guitarist
d.
Kreasi beleganjur places a high value on a. compositional originality b. showmanship c. varied textures d. all of the above
d.
Ornamentation refers to a. playing shorter, clipped notes b. playing longer, sustained notes c. moving from one key to another d. decorating the the main pitches of a melody
d.
The Balinese dance-drama Kecak a. enacts scenes from a Hindu epic called the Ramayana b. employs a gamelan suara "voice gamelan" c. uses no music instruments (other than voices) d. all of the above
d.
The contest musical style called kreasi beleganjur become popular in a. ancient times b. the late 19th century c. the 1930s d. the mid-1980s
d.
The kreasi beleganjur composer I Ketut Suandita is well known for a. his innovative approach to beleganjur composition b. winning Bali's most prestigious beleganjur competition in three consecutive years c. composing works that are creative but do not lose sight of beleganjur's traditional roots d. all of the above
d.
The main goal of a group competing in a beleganjur contest (lomba beleganjur) is a. to serve the religious function of the event b. to impress the judges and audience by eliminating all traces of conventional, traditional beleganjur musical style c. to impress the judges and audience by adhering strictly to the conventions of classic, traditional beleganjur music d. to impress the judges and audience by balancing tradition and innovation within the context of a virtuosic performance medium
d.
A tone possesses a. duration b. frequency c. timbre d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Dance may serve as a lens through which to view a. the performance of identity b. community solidarity c. the physical expression of culture d. all of the above
d. all of the above
A chord that is performed one note after the other rather than with all the notes sounded simultaneously is a. a microtone b. a slendro c. a pelog d. an arpeggio
d. an arpeggio
In the Balinese caste system, 90 percent of Balinese belong to the ___________ caste. a. priestly b. warrior c. merchant d. commoner
d. commoner
The practice of studying music by living in a community for an extended time is called ethnomusicological a. syncretism b. transubstantiation c. interpretation d. fieldwork
d. fieldwork
An instrument in which the vibration of the body of the instrument itself produces the sound is a. a chordophone b. an aerophone c. a membranophone d. an idiophone
d. idiophone
The two basic processes involved in determining what is and what is not music are a. sound and silence b. duration and frequency c. timbre and frequency d. intention and perception
d. intention and perception
When royal courts or churches support musicians or musical institutions it is called a. commodity b. identity c. globalization d. patronage
d. patronage
Special events during which individuals or communities enact their core beliefs, values, and ideals through performance are called a. patronages b. syncretisms c. social institutions d. rituals
d. rituals
________ is a process of creative transformation whose most remarkable feature is the continuity it nurtures and sustains. a. Ethnomusicology b. Interpretation c. Improvisation d. Tradition
d. tradition
Carlos Santana was born in a. Cuba b. Puerto Rico c. The United States d. Mexico
d...
During the 1950s, dancing at the Palladium Ballroom a. was racially segregated b. was racially integrated c. was often accompanied by bands led by the so-called "mambo kings": Tito Puente, Machito, and Tito Rodríguez d. B and C, but not A
d...
Julajula panpipe music a. features interlocking textures b. emphasizes both ensemble and solo performance styles c. reflects ideals of social interdependence d. A and C, but not B
d...
Mariachi music a. has become a symbol of Mexican identity b. incorporates elements from many different musical styles and traditions c. has been used to perpetuate negative stereotypes d. all of the above
d...