WORLDS OF MUSIC CHAPTER 1-8
One of the most important ceremonies for the Kung people involves the political protest.
F
Polyrhythm always involves more than one tempo.
F
Protest songs are usually sung in order to affirm an existing social order.
F
Rap cannot be improvised.
F
Since 1970, New York City has become known as one of the more hostile American cities for street musicians.
F
Singing has no relationship to the physical organization of a Suya village
F
Soul music has religious words.
F
The Japanese shakuhachi is played horizontally.
F
The earliest extant examples of European music are notated melodies of dance music.
F
The engine room is the percussion section of a salsa band.
F
The stylization of Suya singing prevents listeners from becoming emotionally affected by the songs.
F
The tuba is in the mid-range of the brass instruments.
F
The typical Baroque concerto consists of five movements of contrasting mood and tempo.
F
The uilleann pipes are a distinctly Irish member of the bagpipe family.
F
Trinidad and Tobago are two islands off the cost of Spain.
F
While the overall texture in a salsa band is homophonic, the accompaniment involves heterophony.
F
Wind instruments depend on a column of air pushed through a tube at a lower pressure than the air outside.
F
The musical landscape of Ireland in the 1990's is dominated by popular genres other than Irish traditional music.
T
The power of music itself can become the catalyst for forming community.
T
The proliferation of private listening devices, including headphones and portable tape and CD players, has transformed processes of transmission.
T
____________, which can be described as the vibrating frequency of a tone, is what all melodies have in common.
pitch
In the West and in a number of other cultures, seven basic pitches or 'steps' divide the octave into a ____________.
scale
The guru-sisya parampara refers to:
the master-disciple tradition
Chamber music is played by ____________ musician(s).
two or more
Syncopation refers to:
unexpected accents
The koto is a rectangular shaped ____________.
zither
Heterophony occurs with ____________ or more performers.
2
Irish traditional dance musicians often play the 'bare bones' of a tune.
F
Irish traditional musicians never learn from recordings.
F
James Brown developed rhythm and blues.
F
Marches have an unmetered pulse.
F
Melodies help singers to remember important texts, but do not affect the meaning of a song.
F
Music has always been of minor significance in Christian worship.
F
The ____________ is the most widely used instrument in both art and popular music ensembles throughout the Islamic world.
'ud
In Irish traditional dance music, tunes include jigs, reels, hornpipes, and marches, most of which have a ____________ part form.
2
Music that has a monophonic texture has ____________ part(s).
1
Ganga, a polyphonic song genre, originated in:
Bosnia
A pentatonic scale is made up of six pitches.
F
Alap is played on the tabla.
F
Irish dance tunes are never repeated.
F
Pitch relationships are called ____________.
Intervals
__________ is a national song with the same melody as "God Save the Queen."
My Country Tis of Thee
_________________is created by durational patterns of sounds and silences in music.
Rhythm
The ____________ system of instrument classification has been more widely used than any other during the twentieth century.
Sachs-Hornbostel
The koto has an astonishing range of subtle tone colors that are achieved by the player's plucking techniques.
T
A cane is a kind of fife.
T
A fugue exposition introduces the main theme in each voice at staggered intervals.
T
A maqam is not a tune or a song, but somewhat like a Western key, that provides the tonal material for a great many songs and instrumental melodies.
T
A melody must have a coherent form, although different cultures have different criteria for creating a pleasing form.
T
Baroque composers explored textural contrast by pitting the sound of the soloist with the sound of the whole orchestra.
T
Beethoven used rhythmic themes.
T
Brass players create the pitches of the overtone series by adjusting the pressure of their vibrating lips within the mouthpiece of their instrument.
T
Each of the several hundred ragas in contemporary use provides a unique recipe for the creation of composed and improvised melodies.
T
In Turkey, the nay is a central symbol for the Mevlevi Dervishes.
T
In practice, the notes of each maqam are seldom rendered simply. the melody is enriched by the use of various slides, shakes, trills, tremelo, and grace notes.
T
Instruments in a Balinese belaganjur group include drums, cymbals, gongs, and gong-chimes.
T
Lullabies, Irish slow airs, and solo shakuhachi pieces have a monophonic texture.
T
Many music-cultures make use of the idea of melodic variation, either in the kinds of large-scale systematic variations written by composers like Mozart or in the more spontaneous and small-sale improvisational practices associated with Irish traditional music.
T
Many of the melodies to traditional songs in the Irish repertory are played on instruments as slow airs.
T
Musical instruments are often considered works of art.
T
Plainchant is a monophonic tradition that comprises that earliest music of the medieval church in Europe.
T
Rhythmic polyphony is the prevailing texture in many West African drumming traditions.
T
Rumba guaguancò is a couple dance.
T
Samba may be used for social commentary.
T
The North Indian tabla consists of one drum covered with a goatskin and held in place with leather thongs.
T
The set of pitches that represents all the white and black keys on the piano within one octave is called a chromatic scale.
T
The shape of an instrument and the material from which it is made emphasize particular partials or overtones.
T
Three woodwinds in the symphony orchestra are the flute, clarinet, and oboe.
T
Traditional Japanese musicians learn mostly through imitation of their teacher.
T
Traditional solo shakuhachi music is in free rhythm.
T
Unlike the guitar, the North Indian sitar has no sound hole.
T
Waltzes are in triple meter.
T
Meter refers to:
beat groups
A piano trio is scored for piano, violin, and ____________.
cello
____________ are instruments with one or more strings stretched between fixed points.
chordophones
The contemporary symphony orchestra is often composed of ____________ or more players.
eighty
Besides technical considerations, each raga has ____________, which include mood, season, and time of day for performance.
extra-musical associations
Rap music was primarily influenced by ____________
funk
In Java, the largest ____________ is the most highly revered instrument and instrument makers and their craft are associated with magical powers.
gong
the smallest interval in Western music is the ____________.
half step
Multi-part music that has dominant melody supported by the other parts has a ____________ texture.
homophonic
The prevailing texture in the steel band is:
homophonic
The texture in the first movement of Vivaldi's Spring Concerto is both:
homophonic and polyphonic
The Javanese gamelan is a large ensemble made up predominantly of:
idiophones
____________ are instruments whose sounds are made by their own substance.
idiophones
____________ dates from slavery era in the U.S.
jibber
In the traditional music of Japan, ensemble music is often performed on voice, shakuhachi, and:
koto
Melodic systems in the art music of Turkey, northern Africa, and the Middle East share a common basis in the concept of _______
maqam
Instruments are themselves an important aspect of musical culture-part of what ethnomusicologists term ____________.
material culture
The early repertoire for the Japanese shakuhachi has a ____________ texture:
monophonic
A relatively small group of pitches which repeats, perhaps with some variation, is called a ____________.
motive
Texture in music refers to:
number of parts
While Western classical composers often rely on harmony to add flavor to their music, Arabic, Indian, and Irish traditional musicians use melodic ____________ to enhance their playing and singing.
ornamentation
Another word for steel drum is:
pan
Multi-part music that has two or more simultaneously sounding parts of equal weight is said to be:
polyphonic
The predominant texture of the gamelan is:
polyphonic
A beat is subdivided by _________
pulses
Like Western musicians, Arabic musicians have a seven-note natural scale, but unlike Westerners, they subdivide the octave, not into twelve half-steps, but into twenty-four ____________.
quarter tones
The rules and framework of Indian classical melody relate to the concept of____________.
raga
In the performance of Irish traditional dance music, the variations a musician uses may be perceived by the listener because of the use of ____________.
repetition
Tala is an example of ____________
rhythmic cycle
Funk drew largely from practices in ____________
soul and gospel
Most sitars have seven playing strings, which run over a set of curved metal frets, as well as nine or more ____________ strings.
sympathetic
An important Indian percussion instrument is the ____________
tabla
Early music specialists perform repertory from:
the Middle Ages through the Baroque era
Every sound has a distinctive timbre because of the acoustical phenomenon of ____________.
the overtone series
Sean-nòs songs belong to a repertory of:
traditional songs in the Irish language
The trumpet, French horn, tuba, and ____________ are members of the brass family found in the symphony orchestra.
trombone
Jor is an example of ____________
unmetered pulse
The main chordophones in the symphony orchestra are members of the ____________ family.
violin
Indian aestheticians regard _________________music as the fountainhead of the arts.
vocal
Appalachian folk music is strongly influenced by:
English and Scottish ballad traditions & Scots-Irish dance music
The power of jazz performance lies solely in collective music-making.
F
____________ defended the importance of church music in 1178.
Hildegard of Bingen
The availability of archival recordings and notated materials gives contemporary jazz students an advantage in studying the historical practice of jazz musicians. These materials also make the learning experience for modern players radically different from those of the past masters whose performances they are studying.
T
The development of juju music in Lagos, the capital city of Nigeria, can be seen as an illustration of both Westernization and modernization.
T
Each individual tone consists of a fundamental pitch and a simultaneously sounding series of progressively higher overtones, also called partials or harmonics.
True
In the Bosnian highlands, the song genre that is thought to carry the farthest is called ganga.
True
The simplest kind of sound is called a sine wave.
True
The word "context" refers to the place where music is performed.
True
____________ is a protest song based on a Baptist hymn.
We Shall Overcome
Mnemonic devices are used to:
aid the process of memory
For the Kaluli people of Papua New Guinea, _____provide melodic and textual models for human song.
birds
The traveling people of Scotland:
continued family traditions of ballad-singing after they had become uncommon in the society at large & played the bagpipes to entertain the nobility
Joe Heaney's concept of the "nea" can be compared to the Scottish:
conyach
Western classical music, like Indian Classical music, received its early patronage from _______________.
courts
In musical terms, amplitude refers to _____
dynamics
For most people, the _______________is the first focus of musical education.
family
The igil is a two-stringed ________from Tuva.
fiddle
Alap is an example of ____________
free rhythm
The portion of a traditional jazz performance which is most often notated is the melody or _______________ which serves as a point of departure for variation and improvisation.
head
The Navajo Nightway Ceremony is a ____________ ritual.
healing
However one goes about learning the rudiments of jazz, one must ultimately begin "speaking" this musical language by ______________ with other musicians.
improvising
Sargam refers to:
mnemonic syllables used to memorize melodies
Ethnomusicologists study
music and culture
The Walbiri Fire Ceremony is used to:
perpetuate the fertility of the land among the Walbiri of Australia
African American toasts are ____________
rhymed couplets
Ballad-singing in the Appalachians is largely unrelated to narrative song traditions in Scotland and England.
F
Emerging nations seldom value national folk musical traditions, regarding them as old-fashioned.
F
For villagers in highland Bosnia, singing is a highly individualistic activity.
F
Irish emigrant songs are no longer considered relevant by Irish traditional singers in Ireland and the United States, now that the great waves of emigration are past
F
Modern musicians never learn the elements of jazz at a music school or conservatory.
F
North Indian tabla students learn to play first by notation
F
The Wobblies were closely associated with the Unidad Popular political party in Chile.
F
The format of Irish tune collections has contributed to the continued reliance on written transmission among Irish traditional musicians.
F
Bosnian highlander men always strive to sing ganga with precision and cooperation.
False
Frequency refers to the complexity and shape of the sound waves--how many waves go into making up the sound and what is their relationship and proportions. You Answered
False
With only one exception, Kaluli terminology for melodic contours and intervals derives from cricket sounds.
False
______________ was an extraordinary nineteenth-century pianist.
Franz Liszt
Nazi propagandists promoted the music of
Ludwig von Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven was inspired by nature in composing his ________.
Sixth Symphony
___________ worried that church music could be sinful.
St. Augustine
___________music involves blending congenial elements from different cultures, producing hybrid forms.
Syncretic
"Blowin' In the Wind" was written by Pete Seeger to protest the war in Vietnam.
T
"We Shall Overcome" was only one out of hundreds of songs embraced by the civil rights movement.
T
Competitions organized by Comhaltas Ceoltoiri Eireann are held in Ireland at the local, regional, and national levels for musicians, singers, and dancers of all ages.
T
Contra dances are performed in two lines of dancers moving in symmetrical unison.
T
Early music performers rely on intuition as well as primary and secondary sources to guide them to an authentic performance.
T
Folk songs may originate with a single author before being adopted by "the folk."
T
For most Western classical pianists, formal musical training begins in childhood in the form of weekly private lessons with a piano teacher.
T
Hip Hop is a cultural movement rooted in the local urban environment.
T
Horses play a central role in Tuvan life.
T
Music aids both functional and affective memory.
T
Oral transmission is the process of learning through imitation directly from an exemplar of a musical tradition
T
Rituals are recurring functional activities that are valued by the individual and community.
T
Sean-nòs songs emphasize melodic ornamentation and are usually unaccompanied.
T
The French national anthem, the "Marseillaise" became an international theme of revolution.
T
The Tuvans use imitation of natural sounds, including animal, insect and water sounds, as a basis for their music-making. Correct!
T
The role of music in worship can act to heighten emotional experience and to bring people closer to their understanding of the divine or supernatural.
T
Ultimately, although Western classical musicians learn their music from printed scores, the music has no real "life" on the page.
T
the Walbiri dance is to fertilize the soil and symbolically punish neglectful ancestors.
T
The band Rusted Root encourages ___________ in their performances.
a sense of community
In music, transmission refers to:
all the ways that music is passed on
Among aboriginal peoples in southern Australia, traditional music and dance are an important link between humans, nature, and the _____
ancestors
The central rhythmic pattern of rumba is called ____________
clave
Like language, music is a system of __________________that is embedded in the community, group, or culture from which it arises.
communication
Rural Appalachian music--once derided as "hillbilly"--was fashioned in big cities like Nashville into the vastly popular genre now known as _________music.
country
The informal acquisition of musical knowledge, along with other aspects of one's culture, is called ______________.
enculturation
The typical contra dance band consists of at least
fiddle and piano
The four measurable parameters of sound waves are _____, duration, amplitude, and timbre.
frequency
In nineteenth-century Ireland, "American wakes" were:
gatherings to honor Irish emigrants leaving for the United States or Canada
The Suya Mouse Ceremony is used to:
give young boys a social identity
For the most successful students of rock and roll, ______________ seems to be an early phase in their musical growth, followed by the search for an original voice.
mimicry
In Irish traditional music sessions, pride of place is usually given to:
older musicians
By adjusting the shape and movement of the lips, tongue, mouth, and larynx, Tuvan throat singers can produce one or two _______, as well as the fundamental pitch.
overtones
While the family and home were until recently the locus of informal music sessions and socializing in Ireland, the ______________is now the preferred venue for music-making.
pub
Declaiming their rhymes over powerful beats, sampled noises, and occasional interpolations of other musics, ____________address social issues that arise from their place in the world.
rappers
Affective memory may help us to
re-experience the emotion of an event
Instrumental teachers in the Western classical tradition often give their beginning students demonstrations of the basic notes and the techniques for producing them, as well as _______________.
recordings
Folklorists define folk songs as:
songs passed on by oral tradition
Early music performers are attracted by:
the opportunity to improvise & the pleasure of musical "detective work"
_______________ is a South African music and dance form.
tshikona
