05 Binary Representation

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In the little endian system where is the least significant byte

lowest address

What are the standards for interpreting binary numbers?

ASCII, RGB, Two's complement, IEEE 754

What are two widely used systems of byte ordering

Big Endian System and Little Endian System

In Byte ordering what happens to the bits

Bits within a byte remain intact

Hexadecimal 1111 =

F

Hexadecimal 11110011 =

F3

Hexadecimal 1111001111110011 =

F3F3

Bit in binary representation

each digit in binary representation

Memory address

every byte of memory is identified by a unique number

IEEE 754 is a widely used standard for

floating point numbers

In the big endian system where is the least significant byte

highest address

Is hexadecimal case sensitive?

no

1000 0011 1110 0101 0111 0011 0010 1111 What is the least significant byte?

byte 0 0010 1111

1000 0011 1110 0101 0111 0011 0010 1111 What is the least significant bit?

byte 0, bit 1

1000 0011 1110 0101 0111 0011 0010 1111 What is the most significant byte?

byte 3 1000 0011

1000 0011 1110 0101 0111 0011 0010 1111 What is the most significant bit?

byte 3, bit 31

ASCII is a widely used standard for

characters

RGB is a widely used standard for

colors

We need _________ to understand binary numbers.

context

In the virtual memory what is the memory address of 2^32

0xFFFFFFFF

What prefix is used for hexadecimal notation?

"0x"

Hexadecimal notation: use characters

'0' to '9' and 'A' to 'F'

Endianness

ordering of bytes within a multi-byte object in memory

Virtual memory

program views memory as a very large array of bytes

Everything is represented as a ______________________________ in digital systems

sequence of binary numbers

Two's complement is a widely used standard for

signed integers

What OS is the big endian system?

sun, PPC, internet

Once context is known, we need to know what?

what standard to use to interpret binary numbers

What OS is the little endian system?

x86

What Two's complement represents "1"?

0......00000001

What RGB represents "black"?

0000....0000

1000 0011 1110 0101 0111 0011 0010 1111 What is byte 0?

0010 1111

What IEEE 754 represents a float "0.25"?

001111101000000......0

For ASCII, what binary number represents "A"

01000001

For ASCII, what binary number represents "a"

01100001

1000 0011 1110 0101 0111 0011 0010 1111 What is byte 1?

0111 0011

In the virtual memory what is the memory address of element 0

0x00000000

int x = 0x1234567; Byte 0 (LSB) = 0x67 Byte 1 = 0x45 Byte 2= 0x23 Byte 3 (MSB) = 0x01 Write in Big Endian system?

0x100 0x101 0x102 0x103 01 23 45 67

int x = 0x1234567; Byte 0 (LSB) = 0x67 Byte 1 = 0x45 Byte 2= 0x23 Byte 3 (MSB) = 0x01 Write in Little Endian system?

0x100 0x101 0x102 0x103 67 45 23 01

FA1D37B_16 == ______________ == _____________

0xFA1D37B ==0xfa1d37b

What Two's complement represents "-1"?

1......1111111

What does A represent?

10

1000 0011 1110 0101 0111 0011 0010 1111 What is byte 3?

1000 0011

What does B represent?

11

1000 0011 1110 0101 0111 0011 0010 1111 What is byte 2?

1110 0101

What RGB represents "white"?

1111....1111

What does C represent?

12

What does D represent?

13

What does E represent?

14

What does F represent?

15

How many possible representations of a byte are there?

256

How many bytes in 32-bit machine?

2^32 = 4294967296 bytes

Hexadecimal 0011 =

3

How many GB in a 32-bit machine?

4GB

A bit can be...

O2 or 12

What is the smallest memory access unit?

a byte

Byte in binary representation

a group of 8 bits

memory is physically implements with ____________________ in a _________ shape

a hierarchy of different memory spaces in a pyramid shape

Easy conversions from/to binary: a single hex digit is equivalent to...

a single hex digit is equivalent to 4 digits of binary (one-to-one mapping)

Program views memory as

a very large array of bytes

Hexadecimal notation

base 16 number representation

Each element of the virtual memory stores a

byte (8 bits)


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